Expressing

certainty
FCE PREPARATION - SPEAKING PART 2
ANA LORENA MOLINA CASTRO

Expressing certainty about

the present

FORM
She

must

love

technology.

She

could
may
might

be checking

her emails.

She

cant
couldnt

be doing

anything serious.

Certai
n
+

Uncertain

Expressing certainty about

the past

FORM
He

must

have attended

a sort of service.

He

could
may
might

have received

some good news.

cant
couldnt

have been
kneeling

He

too long.

Certai
n
+

Uncertain

Other useful expressions for task 2

looks as if (present clause)

looks + adj
seems to be + ing
appears to be + ing