It#is#recognised#that#effective#teaching#involves#planning.

#When#we#
plan#a#lesson#as#teachers#we#decide#what#to#teach#and#how#to#teach#
it#
By#Sarah#Hammoud#17356637#
#
Lesson#plan#involves#an#Intelligent#process#that#are#crucial#importance#to#produce#effective#
teaching.#There#several#factors#that#teachers#need#to#consider#when#planning#a#lesson.#
Factors#involve#the#Syllabus,#diverse#student#learning#needs,#previous#assessment#data#and#
National#Professional#Standards#for#Teachers.#Lessons#plans#help#enable#students#to#
participate#a#specific#outcome#required.#Lesson#plans#are#important#to#the#teacher#to#help#
them#be#confident#in#their#teaching,#be#better#prepared#to#give#instructions#and#assist#in#
evaluation#of#their#teaching#and#students#learning#(Clarke#&#Pittaway,#pg.#118,#2014).#The#
sample#of#year#9#science#lesson#plan#will#be#used#to#show#the#effectiveness#of#using#the#
factors#to#prepare#for#the#lesson#plan.#
#
To#begin#to#planning#units#of#work#and#lessons,#teachers#need#to#be#aware#and#familiarised#
with#the#Australian#curriculum.#The#Australian#curriculum#is#conducted#and#processed#by#the#
Australian#Curriculum,#Assessment#ad#Reporting#Authority#(ACARA).#The#curriculum#is#the#
what,#how#and#when#to#teach#the#set#of#outcomes#required#for#students#to#demonstrate#
(Clarke#&#Pittaway,#pg.#90,#2014).#The#curriculum#is#set#of#content#which#the#syllabus#is#
diverging#off#of#in#much#more#detailed#outcomes.#It#is#mandatory#to#teach#the#syllabus#that#
is#applied#in#the#state#the#school#located.#Board#of#Studies,#Teaching#and#Educational#
Standards#(BOSTES)#are#the#producers#of#the#syllabus#in#New#South#Wales,#whilst#
incorporating#the#Australian#curriculum#in#it.##
#
A#Syllabus#is#defined#by#dictionary.com#is#an#outline#or#other#brief#statement#of#the#main#
points#of#a#discourse,#the#subjects#of#a#course#of#lectures,#the#contents#of#a#curriculum,#etc.#
(dictionary.com).#This#is#mandatory#and#essential#on#the#teacher#to#incorporate#the#syllabus#
content#into#the#lesson#plan.#The#syllabus#is#necessary#for#what#knowledge#needs#to#be#
taught#to#students#in#the#classrooms.#Its#a#framework,#containing#subject#and#topics,#stages#
of#where#a#student#should#be#and#outcomes#students#should#demonstrate.#This#is#essential#
for#teachers#to#plan#their#lessons#on#which#topics#need#more#attentiveness#than#other#topics#
by#referring#to#the#syllabus.#Thus#teachers#must#use#the#syllabus#to#guide#them#on#what#
should#be#taught#and#what#outcomes#the#students#should#gain#in#the#classroom.#
#
In#Australian#classrooms#its#become#more#apparent#that#race,#ethnicity,#sexual#orientation#
and#gender#diversity#is#on#the#rise.#Specifically,#diversity#in#race#and#ethnicity,#thus#essential#
for#teachers#to#be#able#to#incorporate#different#teaching#styles.#Teachers#should#be#able#to#
cater#students#with#English#speaking#and#non]English#speaking#backgrounds.#As#Allard#
mention#there#are#many#teachers#who#consider#students#with#a#non]English#speaking#
background#being#educationally#at#risk#(Allard,#2012).#Teachers#should#consider#various#
and#effective#ways#to#incorporate#in#the#lesson#plan#to#cater#all#students.#The#lesson#plan#is#
not#just#to#include#the#teaching#content#required#by#the#syllabus,#but#suggestions#of#
different#teaching#styles#and#activities.#After#the#teacher#decides#on#the#content#thats#to#be#

taught#in#the#lesson#plan,#they#can#include#activities#to#cater#for#the#diversity#in#the#
classroom.#The#teaching#content#does#not#need#to#be#presented#in#the#traditional#matter#of#
aural#and#visual#teachings.#Activities#can#contribute#in#helping#the#teachers#to#incorporate#
the#diverse#learning#needs#in#the#lesson#plan.#This#can#make#the#learning#experience#more#
appealing#and#beneficial#to#students.#This#is#also#beneficial#for#teachers,#since#students#
become#more#creative#and#have#better#understanding#of#the#content.#Therefore,#teachers#
need#to#consider#the#diverse#learning#needs#of#all#students#in#the#classroom#in#their#lesson#
plan#to#produce#effective#teaching.#
Using#formative#assessment#data#are#investigative#in#nature,#and#give#the#teachers#
information#of#the#students#intelligence#and#instructional#strategies#to#particular#students#
situation#that#is#required#to#help#create#lesson#plan#(Odden,#2011).#The#collection#of#data#of#
students#assessments#help#to#propose#which#level#the#student,#teacher#and#school#are#on.#
This#information#can#help#teachers#prepare#lessons#based#on#the#level#of#students#
achievements,#thus#giving#the#teacher#a#baseline#to#work#on.#This#can#contribute#to#allow#
teachers#to#create#lessons#plans#to#improve#and#build#on#the#students#level.#Assessment#
data#also#helps#teachers#to#consider#students#skill#development.#Assessments#and#
examinations#are#preformed#to#mark,#to#check#progress,#check#academic#levels#and#great#
assets#for#effective#teaching.#This#will#help#teachers#to#know#which#topics#or#units#that#
students#are#struggling#with#or#advancing#in.#Creating#a#lesson#plan#without#any#background#
information#can#make#the#lesson#useless#and#boring#resulting#in#the#student#being#
unmotivated.#Concluding#with#importance#of#assessment#data#to#help#teachers#create#
lessons#plans#with#background#information#to#improve#the#students#learning.#
#
The#National#Professional#Teaching#Standards#structured#by#AITSL,#is#essential#for#teachers#
to#work#along#the#side#of#the#Standards#throughout#their#careers.#Theses#standards#to#
permit#and#the#necessity#teachers#to#identify#capabilities,#development#potential,#achieve#
professional#objectives#and#achieving#knowledge.#Theses#standards#allow#school#and#
communities#to#witness#quality#education#and#effective#learning.#They#also#impact#teachers#
to#ensure#that#their#planning,#quality#of#lessons#and#effective#teaching#are#kept#in#check.#
plan#for#and#implement#effective#teaching#and#learning#as#Standard#3#emphasises#the#
importance#of#planning#and#teaching#effectively#is#a#must#(AITSL,#2011).#Therefore,#teachers#
must#follow#the#standards#of#planning#lessons#with#effective#teachings#and#effective#learning#
for#the#students.#
#
The#science#lesson#plan#for#year#7#is#a#great#example#of#a#lesson#plan#incorporating#the#
factors#involving#the#syllabus,#diverse#students#learning#needs,#previous#assessment#data#
and#National#Professional#Standards#for#teachers.#The#lesson#plan#aim#is#to#for#students#to#
learn#different#types#of#separation#techniques.#It#corresponds#to#Australian#curriculum#
learning#objective,#Separating#techniques#(ACARA,2015).#The#lesson#plan#displays#the#
leaning#outcomes#from#the#science#syllabus#stages#from#3]6.#Students#will#Know#what#a#
mixture#is#(level3/4),#understand#different#separation#techniques#(level#5),#and#Be#able#
to#apply#different#separation#techniques#to#different#examples#of#mixtures#(level#6)#
(ACARA,#2015).#It#also#discusses#the#assessment#of#objectives#which#also#clarifies#that#the#
objectives#will#be#met.#Therefore,#this#lesson#plan#organised#by#a#teacher#has#to#tried#to#
incorporated#the#appropriate#outcomes#found#in#the#NSW#syllabus#and#Australian#
Curriculum.##
#

The#lesson#plan#also#indicates#that#are#different#activities#and#worksheets#to#cater#for#the#
diverse#learning#needs#of#students.#The#lesson#plan#has#activities#for#visual#learners,#
extension#work#for#the#gifted#and#talented,#carousel#activities#for#VAK#learners,#has#
worksheets#with#question#with#more#prompts#for#the#low#ability#learners#and#worksheets#
has#less#prompts#and#extension#questions#for#the#high#ability#students.#This#allows#both#
knowledge#and#skills#of#the#lesson#is#understood#and#compatible#for#both#low#ability#and#
high#ability#performing#students.#This#approach#has#standards]based#reform#is#a#
movement#that#that#emphasise#that#all#students#should#have#the#right#to#reach#the#same#
academic#goals#and#standards#required.#Voltz#suggest#that#this#reforms#help#promotes#
association#between#teachers#in#general#teaching,#special#need#education,#ESL#and#bilingual#
education#(Voltz,#2010).#This#reform#helps#teachers#to#share#and#be#accountable#for#all#
students,#including#students#learning#disabilities#and#student#that#come#from#non]English#
speaking#background.#Also#integrated#in#the#plan#is#a#whole#column#just#for#monitoring#and#
assessment#to#help#and#improve#effective#teaching#by#continually#observing#what#will#be#
assessed#by#the#teacher#and#how.#This#contributes#to#the#diverse#students#learning#needs.#
Again#clearly#this#lesson#plan#attempts#to#apply#the#diverse#students#needs.##
#
#There#evidence#of#formal#collection#of#assessment#data#in#the#lesson#plan.#but#the#lesson#
plan#has#incorporated#for#each#activity#a#few#minutes#to#is#allocated#to#observe#what#the#
students#background#knowledge#is#and#also#discuss#pervious#knowledge#required#before#
stating#a#task.#Also#suggest#to#test#prior#knowledge#of#separating#techniques,#suggesting#
students#to#use#gained#knowledge#to#think#about#the#solubilities#of#mixtures.#the#teacher#
recommends#for#a#few#minutes#to#have#an#open#discussion#of#specific#subject#language#or#
key#words#to#help#the#teacher#on#which#activities#to#consider#for#students#at#different#levels.#
Plenaries#are#provided#in#the#plan#for#teachers#to#observe#if#students#have#learnt#the#topic#
and#if#students#have#made#progress.#Therefore,#this#lesson#plan#does#not#clearly#indicate#
that#assessment#data#collection#has#been#made#to#achieve#the#background#information#of#
students.#However#indicate#activities#based#on#observing#students#previous#knowledge#so#
teacher#can#make#decision#on#which#task#are#appropriate#for#the#students#level.#
#
This#lesson#plan#demonstrates#the#teacher#is#aware#and#knows#the#content#that#is#required#
for#student#to#learn#in#the#topic.#This#comes#under#the#National#Professional#standards;#
Professional#Knowledge#(AITSL,#2011).#Students#learning,#has#been#clearly#planned#out,#
activities#well#researched,#structured,#managed,#uses#and#provides#recourses,#supports#
students#previous#knowledge#and#builds#on#students#knowledge#which#fall#under#the#
Standard,#professional#practice#(AITSL,#2011).#In#the#lesson#plan,#there#activities#that#involve#
open#class#discussions,#visual#demonstrations#done#by#teachers#and#engagement#between#
teacher#and#students.#This#also#fall#under#the#Nation#Professional#Standard,#Professional#
Engagement#(AITSL,#2011).#Thus,#indicating#that#this#lesson#plan#does#consider#the#National#
Professional#Standards#Standard#for#Teachers#
#
The#lesson#plan#is#well#organised,#managed,#presented#and#structured#overall#for#students#
to#gain#effective#learning#of#the#topic#required.#This#lesson#plan#sample#I#will#be#considering#
for#my#future#planning#lessons,#to#help#me#as#a#future#teacher#to#provide#effective#learning#
for#my#students.#I#personally#would#add#my#own#style#of#teaching.#The#lesson#plan#can#be#
modified#and#incorporate#more#technology.#In#the#lesson#plan#there#are#PowerPoint#slide#
for#visual#learner.#However,#I#would#recommend#a#video#shown#of#demonstration#of#

different#separating#techniques#and#then#allow#students#to#perform#the#techniques#
themselves,#especially#for#the#physical#learners.#As#indicated#in#the#article,#LEARNING#STYLE#
(AUDITORY,#VISUAL#&#KINESTHETIC)#&#DYSLEXICS#that#all#children#are#physical#learners#
from#babies#to#adulthood#(Turner,#2011).#I#also#would#allocate#time#for#the#class#discussion,#
in#the#lesson#plan#the#teacher#indicate#to#have#class#discussion#to#observe#previous#
knowledge#but#no#specific#time#is#suggested.#Having#a#class#discussion#will#not#only#allow#me#
to#know#what#stage#student#they#have#achieved#but#also#allows#students#to#refresh#memory,#
critically#think#and#engagement#between#fellow#students.#
#
In#conclusion#effective#teaching#is#not#only#focus#on#the#style#of#teaching#and#motivation.#
However,#to#be#an#affective#teacher,#planning#a#lesson#is#essential#for#students#to#gain#the#
most#effective#learning#possible.#The#lesson#plan#must#include#the#Syllabus#to#ensure#all#
students#are#being#taught#the#required#content.#Teachers#should#adapt#their#teaching#styles#
to#the#diverse#students#needs.#Every#class#have#unique#individuals#and#do#not#learn#in#the#
same#matter.#There#are#aural,#visual#and#physical#learners#and#teachers#should#be#able#to#
cater#for#all#students.#Before#proceeding#to#complete#a#lesson#plan,#teachers#should#observe#
the#assessment#data#collection#of#the#class.#This#allows#the#teacher#to#have#knowledge#on#
which#stage#the#class#or#students#requiring#more#attention.#Finally,#teachers#should#work#
along#side#of#the#National#Professional#Standards#whilst#in#their#teaching#careers.#This#
ensures#that#all#students#are#achieving#quality#knowledge#and#effective#learning.#All#teachers#
are#responsible#for#what,#when#and#how#they#teach#their#students.#As#teachers#we#should#
aim#for#affective#learning.#Planning#a#lesson#is#essential#for#effective#learning#and#the#four#
factors#will#ensure#this#outcome.#
#
#
#

Reference#
Australian Curriculum Assessment and Reporting Authority. (2015). The Australian curriculum
(ACARA): civics and citizenship, economics and business, geography and history.
Australian Institue for Teaching and School Leadership. (2011). Australian Professional
Standards for Teachers, published by the Australian Institute for Teaching and School
Leadership (AITSL). In M. Cavanagh & A. Prescott (Ed.). Your professional experience
handbook: a guide for preservice teachers. NSW, Australia: Pearson Australia.
#
Board#of#Studies,#Teaching#and#Educational#Standards#NSW.#(2012).#NSW$Syllabuses$for$the$
Australian$curriculum.$NSW#Government.#(BOSTES)>#Retrieved#18#March#from#
<http://syllabus.bos.nsw.edu.au/about/>

The#definition#of#syllabus.#(n.d.).#Retrieved#March#20,#2016,#from#
http://www.dictionary.com/browse/syllabus#
Clarke,#M.,#&#Pittaway,#S.#(2014).#Marshs$becoming$a$teacher$(6th#ed.).#NSW,#Australia:#Pearson#
Australia.#

Sim,#C,#Freiberg,#J,#White,#S,#Allard,#A,#Le#Cornu,#R#&#Carter,#B#2012,#Using$Professional$
Standards:$Assessing$work$integrated$learning$in$initial$teacher$education#[online#resource],#

Australian#Teaching#and#Learning#Council,#Melbourne,#Retrieved#at#
www.teacherevidence.net##
#
Odden,#A.#(2011).#Strategic$management$of$human$capital$in$education:$Improving$
instructional$practice$and$student$learning$in$schools.#New#York,#NY:#Routledge.#
#
Voltz,#D.#L.,#Sims,#M.#J.,#&#Nelson,#B.#P.#(2010).#Connecting$teachers,$students,$and$standards:$
Strategies$for$success$in$diverse$and$inclusive$classrooms.#Alexandria,#VA:#ASCD.#
#
Turner,#J.#(2011,#October).#LEARNING#STYLE#(AUDITORY,#VISUAL#&#KINESTHETIC)#&#
DYSLEXICS.#Retrieved#March#24,#2016,#from#
http://www.dyslexiavictoriaonline.com/learning]style]auditory]visual]kinesthetic]dyslexics/#