Professional Documents
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March Fas1 2016 Errata
March Fas1 2016 Errata
OfficialUpdates,Corrections,andClarifications
March31,2016
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CATEGORIESOFUPDATES
MajorCorrections
Factualerrorsthatcouldinterferewithcomprehension
MinorCorrections
Lesssignificanterrorsthatmaycauseconfusion
Clarifications
Thetextisaccurate,butcouldbewrittenmoreclearly
Minorformattingissues(misalignments,indents,etc)thatmayconfuse
MAJORCORRECTIONS
Page
FactName
Revision
203
Vaccination
Replace"MMRistheonlyliveattenuatedvaccinegiventopersonswith
HIV."with"MMRandvaricellaarelivevaccinesthatcanbegivento
patientswithHIVwhohaveCD4>200."
268
Resistance,
pressure,flow
Remove"Removaloforgansinparallelarrangement(eg,nephrectomy)
TPRandCO."fromthethirdcolumn.
375
Misoprostol
FromtheCLINICALUSErow,remove"maintenanceofaPDA."The
drugofchoiceforthisindicationisalprostadil.
384
Coagulation
cascade
components
Intheflowchartfor"Procoagulation,"replace"glutamyltransferase"with
"glutamylcarboxylase."
390
Macrocytic(MCV
>100fL)anemia
DiamondBlackfanshouldbelistedunderNonmegaloblasticanemia,not
Megaloblasticanemia.
405
Directthrombin
inhibitors
IntheADVERSEEFFECTSrow,tranexamicacidisanantifibrinolytic
agent,notfibrinolyticasthetextstates.
455
Neuro
transmitters
Serotoninlevelsaredecreased()inParkinsondisease,notincreased().
478
Cranialnerve
andvessel
pathways
TheimageshouldshowcranialnerveV1travelingthroughthesuperior
orbitalfissure,nottheforamenrotundum.Notethatthisiscorrectlystated
intheaccompanyingtable.
593
Ovarian
neoplasms
(continued)
UnderImmatureteratoma,replace"Commonlydiagnosedafter
menopause."with"Commonlydiagnosedbeforeage20."
606
Congenitallung
malformations
InthePulmonaryhypoplasiarow,delete"usuallyinvolvingrightlung"from
theendofthefirstsentence.
MINORCORRECTIONS
Page
FactName
Revision
60
Ciliastructure
Replace"Resultsinmaleandfemaleinfertilitydueto"with"Resultsin
maleandfemalefertilitydueto"
145
Ectoparasites
IntheScabies(Sarcoptesscabiei)row,replace"transmissionthrough
fomites."with"transmissionthroughskintoskincontact(mostcommon)
orviafomites."
204
Hypersensitivity
types
IntheTypeIIrow,removePerniciousanemiafromthebulletedlistinthe
thirdcolumn(itisbetterclassifiedasatypeIVhypersensitivityreaction).
216
Apoptosis
IntheExtrinsic(deathreceptor)pathwayrow,firstbullet,replace"or
TNFbindingtoTNF)"with"orTNFbindingtoitsreceptor)."
315
Thyroid
hormones(T3/T4)
Pleasenotethattheorganificationofiodinetothyroglobulinandthe
subsequentcouplingreactionwiththyroidperoxidasetoT3/T4andMIT/DIT
occurpriortoendocytosisfromthefollicularlumenintothethyroid
follicularepithelialcell.
352
Bile
Inthethirdbullet,replace(bodysonlymeansofeliminatingcholesterol)
with(bodysprimarymeansofeliminatingcholesterol).
367
Hepatic
encephalopathy
UnderTreatment,replace"(NH4+producinggutbacteria)."with"(NH3
producinggutbacteria)."
416
Kneeexam
IntheimageforAbnormalpassiveabduction,replace"Externalrotation"
with"Abduction(valgus)force."IntheimageforAbnormalpassive
adduction,replace"Internalrotation"with"Adduction(varus)force."
430
Osteoarthritis
andrheumatoid
arthritis
Inthediagramforrheumatoidarthritis,the"Pannusformation"labelshould
bepulledbackslightlytoindicatethedarkerblueareabetweenthelight
bluejointcapsule/synovialliningandthebone.
471
Idiopathic
intracranial
hypertension
(pseudotumor
cerebri)
Replace"opticnervefenestrationsurgery)."with"opticnervesheath
fenestrationsurgery).
504
Parkinson
diseasedrugs
Intheimageofdopaminemetabolism,withinthePRESYNAPTIC
TERMINALFROMTHESUBSTANTIANIGRAbracket,notethatCOMT
convertsdopamineinto3methoxytyramine(3MT),not3Omethyldopa
(3OMD).Theconversionofdopamineto3OMDviaCOMTonlyoccursin
theperiphery.
562
Earlyfetal
development
IntheEarlyembryonicdevelopmentimage,replacethelabel2oocyte
(1N1C)with2oocyte(1N2C).
571
Genital
embryology
Inthelowerimage,replacethelabelMesonephrickidneywith
Metanephrickidney.
619
Restrictivelung
diseases
InthebulletedlistofInterstitiallungdiseases,deleteGoodpasture
syndrome.
CLARIFICATIONS
Page
FactName
Revision
70
Modesof
inheritance
IntheXlinkeddominantrow,remove"Rettsyndrome"fromthelistof
examples.WhilethisconditiondoesbehaveinanXlinkeddominant
fashion,itisalmostalwayssporadic,andaffectedindividualstendnotto
reproduce.
133
Rickettsial
diseasesand
vectorborne
illnesses
IntheQfeverrow,replace"Mostcommoncauseofculture
endocarditis."with"Commoncauseofcultureendocarditis."
160
Common
diseasesof
HIVpositive
adults
NotethatwhileinfectionwithCryptosporidiumsppcanoccurwitha
CD4+cellcountof500/mm3orbelow,diseaseismuchmorelikelyto
arisewhentheCD4+cellcountisbelow100/mm3.
238
UrinepHand
drugelimination
ForTCAs,notethatammoniumchlorideadministrationonlyservesto
increaseurinaryexcretionofthedrugviaurineacidification,whichis
rarelydoneclinically,butisthemainteachingpointofthisfact.Themore
commonlyseentreatmentofTCAoverdosewithsodiumbicarbonatehas
adifferentmechanism,namelypromotingtheunbindingofTCAsfrom
sodiumchannelstoreducetheirtoxiceffects.Insummary,bothmaybe
usedasantidotes.Eachantidotesimplyactsdifferently,andsodium
bicarbonateismuchmorecommonlyused.
291
Cardio
myopathies
IntheHypertrophiccardiomyopathyrow,replace"(commonlyamyosin
heavychainmutation)."with(mostcommonlyduetomutationsingenes
encodingsarcomericproteins,suchasmyosinbindingproteinCand
myosinheavychain).
339
Pancreasand
spleen
embryology
InAnnularpancreas,replaceandnonbiliousvomiting.withand
vomiting.
385
Thrombogenesis
Inthefifthparagraph,replaceFailureofagglutinationwithFailureof
aggregation.
391
Normocytic,
normochromic
anemia
Notethatspherocytes,whiletheycanbeseeninmanyformsof
extravascularhemolysis,aremoststronglyassociatedwithhereditary
spherocytosisandautoimmunehemolyticanemias.
407
Cilostazol,
dipyridamole
IntheMECHANISMrow,replacePhosphodiesteraseIIIinhibitorwith
Phosphodiesteraseinhibitorsasthesedrugsactondifferent
phosphodiesterasesubtypes.
471
Idiopathic
intracranial
hypertension
(pseudotumor
cerebri)
Addobesitytothelistofriskfactorsinthefirstparagraph.
487
Hornersyndrome NotethataPancoasttumorisbetterclassifiedasafindingoutsideofthe
spinalcordittypicallycausesaHornersyndromebycompromisingthe
stellateganglionfoundalongside,butnotwithin,thespinalcord.
498
Glaucomadrugs
Intheagonistsrow,notethatepinephrineactson1receptorsand
decreasesaqueoushumorproductionviavasoconstriction,whereas
brimonidinedirectlydecreasesproductionvia2receptors.
515
Majordepressive
disorder
Delete"usuallylasting612months."fromtheendofthefirstsentence
inthesecondcolumn.
517
Specificphobia
ForAgoraphobia,deleteMAOinhibitorsfromtheTreatmentlist.
522
Psychoactive
drugintoxication
andwithdrawal
IntheOpioidsrow,undertheINTOXICATIONcolumn,deletenaltrexone
fromtheTreatmentlist.
607
Neonatal
respiratory
distress
syndrome
IntheComplicationsparagraph,deletemetabolicacidosis.
621
Sleepapnea
IntheObesityhypoventilationsyndromerow,delete(respiratoryrate).
625
Pancoasttumor
(superiorsulcus
tumor)
Inthesecondbullet,replace"Superiorcervicalganglion"with"Stellate
ganglion."