Appendix

Appendix of Conversion Factors

To Convert From

To

Multiply

Force
kilograms
kilograms
pounds
pounds
newtons
newtons

pounds
newtons
kilograms
newtons
kilograms
pounds

2.2046
9.807
0.4536
4.448
0.1020
0.2248

force
force

Force per unit urea

psi
psi
Kg/cm2
kg/cm 2
MN/m 2
MN/m 2

force
force

MPa (MN/m2)
kg/cm 2
MPa (MN/m2)
psi
psi
kg/cm 2

0.006895
0.0703
0.09807
14.2233
145.0
10.1968

By

Basic Dental Materials

List of American National Standards Institute/American Dental Association
Specifications on Dental Materials, Instruments, and Equipment

Number

420

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35*
3 6*
37
38
3 9*
4 0*

Title

Date of specification or latest

revision, addendum
or reaffirmation

Alloy for dental amalgam

Gypsum-bonded
casting
investment
for dental gold alloy
Dental impression compound
Dental inlay casting wax
Dental casting gold alloy
Dental mercury
Dental wrought gold wire alloy
Dental zinc phosphate cement
Dental silicate cement
Denture rubber (obsolete)
Dental agar impression material
Denture base polymers
Denture cold-curing repair resin
Dental base metal casting alloy
Synthetic resin teeth
Dental impression pastezinc oxide-eugenol type
Denture base temporary relining resin
Dental alginate impression material
Elastomeric dental impression materials
Dental duplicating material
Zinc silico-phosphate cement
Intraoral dental radiographic film
Dental excavating burs
Dental baseplate wax
Dental gypsum products
Dental X-ray equipment
Direct filling resins
Endodontic files and reamers
Hand
instruments
Zinc oxide-eugenol restorative materials
Exposure time designation for timers of dental
X-ray machines
Orthodontic wires
Dental
terminology
Dental aspirating syringes
High speed air-driven handpieces
Diamond rotary instruments
Dental abrasive powders
Porcelain-alloy
systems
Pit and fissure sealants
Dental
implants

1985
1987
1987
1989
1988
1987
1989
1987
1986

1987
1987
1987
1989
1985
1989
1990
1989
1982
1989
1987
1972
1984
1991
1989
1991
1989
1988
1987
1990

1989
1990
1987

1986
1991

Contd...

Appendix

Number
40 A
4 0B
41
4 2*
43
44
4 5*
46
47
48
4 9*
50
51
52
5 3*
54
55
56
57
58
5 9*
60
61
6 2*
63
64
65
66
6 7*
6 8*
69
70*
71*
72
73*
74*
75*
76
77*

Title

Date of specification or latest

revision, addendum
or reaffirmation

Unalloyed titanium for dental implants

Cast
cobalt-chromium-molybdenum
alloys for dental implants
Recommended standard practices for
biological evaluation of dental materials
Phosphate-bonded
investments
Mechanical
amalgamators
Dental electrosurgical equipment
Porcelain teeth
Dental chairs
Dental units
Ultraviolet activator and disclosing lights
Analgesic
equipment
Casting machines (deleted)
Gas furnaces (deleted)
Uranium content in dental porcelain
and porcelain teeth
Crown and bridge resins
Dental needles
Dispensers of mercury and alloy
for dental amalgam
Dental floss (deleted)
Endodontic filling materials
Root canal files, type H (Hedstrm)
Portable steam autoclave sterilizers
Jet injectors (deleted)
Zinc polycarboxylate cement
Dental abrasive pastes
Rasps and barbed broaches
Dental explorers
Low-speed
handpieces
Glass ionomer cements
Ligament injection syringes
Aspirating syringes not operating on the
harpoon
mechanism
Dental ceramic
Dental X-ray protective aprons and
accessory devices
Root canalfilling condensers and spreaders
Endodontic
spreaders
Dental absorbent points
Dental stools
Resilient denture liners
Non-sterile latex gloves for dentistry
Stiffness of tufted area of toothbrushes

1989

1986
1986

1985
1989
1989

421

1986
1985

1989
1988

1986

1989
1986
1989
1989

1991

1991

Contd...

Basic Dental Materials

Number
7 8*
7 9*
80
8 1*

422

8 2*
8 3*
8 4*
8 5*
8 6*
8 7*
8 8*
8 9*
9 0*

Date of specification or latest

revision, addendum
or reaffirmation

Title

Dental obturating points

Dental vacuum pumps
Color stability test procedure
Magnets and keepers used for intraoral and
extraoral retainers for prosthetic restorations
Combined
reversible/irreversible
hydrocolloid
impression
materials
Indicator
pastes
Panoramic X-ray equipment
Prophy angles
Interligamentary
and
perio-syringes
Impression
trays
Dental brazing alloys
Dental operating lights
Rubber dams

*Specifications

still

under

development

1989