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  • Hadd or Huddud and Tazir Crimes PDF

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    This document discusses hadd or huddud crimes and tazir crimes under Islamic law. It defines huddud crimes as serious offenses with fixed punishments that are mentioned in the Quran, including theft, adultery, drinking alcohol and apostasy. The punishments for huddud crimes include capital punishment, amputation, and flogging. Tazir crimes refer to offenses with discretionary punishments set by judges, for crimes that are not assigned huddud punishments in the Quran or hadith.

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    This document discusses hadd or huddud crimes and tazir crimes under Islamic law. It defines huddud crimes as serious offenses with fixed punishments that are mentioned in the Quran, including theft, adultery, drinking alcohol and apostasy. The punishments for huddud crimes include capital punishment, amputation, and flogging. Tazir crimes refer to offenses with discretionary punishments set by judges, for crimes that are not assigned huddud punishments in the Quran or hadith.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    334 views2 pages

    Hadd or Huddud and Tazir Crimes PDF

    Uploaded by

    Anjum Ta
    This document discusses hadd or huddud crimes and tazir crimes under Islamic law. It defines huddud crimes as serious offenses with fixed punishments that are mentioned in the Quran, including theft, adultery, drinking alcohol and apostasy. The punishments for huddud crimes include capital punishment, amputation, and flogging. Tazir crimes refer to offenses with discretionary punishments set by judges, for crimes that are not assigned huddud punishments in the Quran or hadith.

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    HADDORHUDDUDANDTAZIRCRIMES

    PRINT(/HADDORHUDDUDANDTAZIRCRIMES?TMPL=COMPONENT&PRINT=1&PAGE=)

    WHATAREHUDDUDCRIMES?

    Hudud(alsotransliteratedhadud,hudoodsingularhadd,liter
    almeaning"limit",or"restriction")isthewordoftenusedinIslamicliteraturefortheboundsofacceptable
    behaviourandthepunishmentsforseriouscrimes.InIslamiclaworSharia,hududusuallyreferstothe
    classofpunishmentsthatarefixedforcertaincrimesthatareconsideredtobe"claimsofGod."They
    includetheft,fornication,consumptionofalcohol,andapostasy.

    Hududoffensesaredefinedas"claimsofGod,"andthereforethesovereignwasheldtohavea
    responsibilitytopunishthem.Allotheroffensesweredefinedas"claimsof[His]servants,"and
    responsibilityforprosecutionrestedonthevictim.Thisincludesmurder,whichwastreatedasaprivate
    disputebetweenthemurdererandthevictim'sheirs.Theheirshadtherighttocompensationandto
    demandexecutionofthemurderer(seeqisas),buttheycouldalsochoosetoforgive.
    Theft(sariqa,)
    Highwayrobbery(qat'altariq,)
    Illegalsexualintercourse(zina')
    Falseaccusationofzina'(qadhf,)[3]
    Drinkingalcohol(sharbalkhamr)(Unlikethefirstfouroffenceslistedabove,notalljuristsconsider
    drinkingalcoholtobeahududoffense.)[4]
    Apostasy(ridda,)includesblasphemy.(Unlikethefirstfouroffenseslistedabove,notalljurists
    considerapostasytobeahududoffense.[citationneeded])

    WHATAREPUNISHMENTSFORHUDDUDCRIMES?
    ThepunishmentsvaryaccordingtothestatusoftheoffenderMuslimsgenerallyreceiveharsher
    punishmentsthannonMuslims,freepeoplereceiveharsherpunishmentsthanslaves,andinthecaseof
    zina',marriedpeoplereceiveharsherpunishmentsthanunmarried.
    Inbrief,thepunishmentsinclude:
    Capitalpunishmentsbysword/crucifixion(forhighwayrobberywithhomicide),bystoning(forzina'
    whentheoffendersaremature,marriedMuslims)
    Amputationofhandsorfeet(fortheftandhighwayrobberywithouthomicide)
    Floggingwithavaryingnumberofstrokes(fordrinking,zina'whentheoffendersareunmarriedornot
    Muslims,andfalseaccusationsofzina')

    WHATARETAZIRCRIMES?
    InIslamicLaw,tazir(orta'zir,Arabic)referstopunishment,usuallycorporal,thatcanbeadministeredat
    thediscretionofthejudge,asopposedtothehudud(singular:hadd),thepunishmentsforcertain
    offensesthatarefixedbytheQur'anorHadith.Traditionally,ta'zirpunishmentscouldbeappliedto
    offensesforwhichnopunishmentisspecifiedintheQur'an.Theycouldalsobeappliedtohaddoffenses
    insituationswherethestandardsofproofrequiredforhududpunishmentscouldnotbemet.

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