5 ©————_Revolutonaries of Indian Today, being the Martyr's day, Brinda’s school was going to show the film. “The Legend of Bhagat Singh.’ Entering the class the teacher spoke few lines : “Sarfaroshi ki tamanna, ab hamare dil mein hai, dekhna hai jor kitna bajue katil mein hai.” After saying these lines, she talked about the revolutionaries of India. ‘There have been many known-unknown martyrs in the freedom struggle of India until attainment of Swaraj. After the revolt of 1857, there were many individuals and groups who took up the weapons and fought for freedom against British empire. Their stories are still remembered by people all over the country. Those youngsters who took up weapons to save the country with bravery are known as the revolutionaries of India. Their activities were revolutionary. All types of people; literate, illiterate, kings, even the common man took part in this revolution. Their aim was to uproot the British empire. The initiative of this revolution was taken up in Maharastra by Vasudev Balwant Fadke. He became a martyr, He also carried out many revolutionary activities. ‘Know about any one revolutionary activity of the present and write a short note on it.‘Chingarl alist es ane roe at Tab tak hain mein jaan, ago mata rahe ‘Tera ho jikra ya tert hi justjoo rahe. - Ramprasad Bismil 5.1 Torch of revolution ‘Vasudev Balwant Fadke : ‘Vasudev Balwant Fadke was the pioneer to start revolution in India. He ‘was working in Pune. Owing to the injustice caused by the British government, he left the job. He took a vow of not applying Tilak on forehead and not to cat get his hair till he did not free India from the clutches of the Britisher. He had made a secret troupe of men equipped with weapon in the whole country. Their aim was (o protest against the British government. British government announced a prize of Rs. 4000/- to atrest Vasudev Fadke Balwant Fadke. Vasudev provided training regarding attacks on British camps to rob the government treasury and to use guns, The British government was shocked with his revolutionary activity. It was ordered by the government to arrest him at any cost. For your knowledge Vasudey Fadke was arrested while he was sleep at 3:00 pm from a village in Hyderabad district. He was put into jail but he fled jumping over the wall. He was caught after a run of 25 Jams, He was treated cruelly in the jail. He died in prison at Aden in February 1883 A.D. Vir Savarkar : ‘Vinayak Damodar Sawarkar was born on 28* May 1883 in Bhagur village of Nasik district in Maharashtra. He had revolutionary ideas since childhood. He established an institution named — ‘Mitra Mela’ which was later known as “Abhinav Bharat,’ The main objective of this institution was to free India from. the British rule with the help of weapons and through revolt. For the first time, Vir Sawarkar lit fire to foreign clothes. He acquired scholarship from the institute of Shivaji Krishna Verma and went to London for further studies. Vir Sawarkar wrote a booken titled '1857 : India’s first freedomsraggle' I eyes honned before it could he published. ‘The pletnd need in tha nmmiler of a Brileh officlal swan credence encia case wes filed omhim ina court. As aresulthe got life imprisonment It was called ‘"Kalapani’ punishment and be was scot to juil in Andaman. Oving to poor health, he wos kept hidden ‘Inga us prisoner. Vir Sewarker died on 26° February, 1966, Khnifram Boss : Kadiram Bose was bom on 3¥ Decomber 1889 in Mohuh village of ‘Medaipur dismict in Bengal. He Inst his parents in childhood only end was under the care of a teacher named Satyen Babu who gave him lessons on revolution. He participaicd in Non cooperation movement and lit forcign dothes, Khudiram Bosc used to dive in the river Ganga and set fhe ahips which cartied salt upside down. In this way be broke the unjust laws an salt. On 30-April 1908, Khmdiram Bose and Preful Chaki threw a bomb on the: $4 Kbotiram Bore bore cat of judge Kingsfurd. They wanted to kill him. Far your keowiedge When Priful Chalc was sumounded by the police, he shot himaclf with « volver. Khodicam | seat humig to death, > Had you been there doring the freedom atmggle, what contribution would you have: made ? Ramprased Biamil ; Ramprased Biemil waa bom in Shahjelumpor in the state of Uttar Pradesh ju 1897 ALD. Ha took charge of Tighting all the faceign clothes during the ‘Noa cooperation movement, He played x vital mols in robbing and attucking ‘When his writings were published, it became a motivating force for the Dera diver pe barat (apelsha) se mazar karte hain ‘Ehns rabo able yatan, hum to efor karte bain. BismilAshfaq Ullah Khan : Ashfaq Ullah Khan set an exmple of Hindu-Muslim unity. Ramprasad Bismil was his childhood friend. He was fond of sports. He was an expert in ‘horse riding and shooting. He had prevented the attack on Arya Samaj temple in Shahjahanpur. He was involved in the plan of robbing the Kakori train. He aarzoo nahin hal, hal aarzoo to yeh, | de koi jarasi khake vatan kafan mein, ~ Ashfaq Ullah Khan Chandra Shekhar Azad : His real name was Chandra Shekhar Sitaram Tiwari. He was born on 23% July, 1906 in Bhavra village of Jhabua district in Madhya Pradesh. His preleminary’ education was completed in Kashi, He was a national list since childhood. Chandra Shekhar participated in the Non cooperation movement. He was arrested. When he was arrested by a British police officer, his wrist was so thin that the ‘handcuffs’ were too big for him. In court when he was asked his name, he answered ‘Azad.’ He told that his father’s name is ‘freedom’ and residence ae is ‘prison,’ After that he became famous as ‘Azad.’ He also participated in robbery of the Kakori train. At least forty revolutionaries were caught all over India. Azad freed himself, Prize money was announced by the British government to catch him, Azad took a vow, “I will never be caught alive by the British government.” On 27 February 1931 A.D. As Azad satin Alfred Park of Allahabad, Suddenly, he was surrounded by British police officials.Azad confronted the team of police officials alone. Later, he shot himself with a pistol. The police officials were so scared of Azad that even after his death they shot two-three bullets into his body and after confirmation, they went close to his dead body. For your knowledge ‘The train carrying the government treasure was going from Saharanpur to Lucknow on 9# August 1925. On the way, at Kakori station the train was robbed off its treasury by revolutionaries. Their main goal was to collect money for weapons and other revolutionary activities.If you have seen any memorial of any revolutionary or if you know something about them, collect more information. Bhagat Singh was bom on 25* September, 1907 in Banga village of Layalpur district in Punjab. He was an active participant in lighting foreign clothes during Non cooperation movement, He came in touch with Shukhdev, Bhagwat Charan and Yashpal during his studies at Lahore National College. He ‘got a good backing for his revotutionary ideas. Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar| Dutt threw a bomb in the Legislative Assembly on 8° April 1928. ‘The main objective bebind throwing a bomb was to awaken the deaf 5.8 Bhagat Singh British government, They could have escaped after throwing the bomb but they stood there and shouted slogans like~ Ingalab Zindabad ! Samrajyavad ka naash ho !! Duniya ke Mazdoor ek ho 11! ‘Various pamphilets were distributed carrying revolutionary messages, they fired shots in the ait and then surrendered themselves peacefully. Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and Rajguru killed British officer Sondars to take revenge for the murder of Lala Lajpat Rai. The three of them were hung till death as per the of judgment given. They were hung on 23 March. ft rit) mer! milttise bhi khushboo - ¢ - vatan nayongl. — Bhagat Singh — Af Bhagat Singh would not have been ung, what would have been his contribution in India's freedom struggle ?Shyanji Krushna Verma : The initiator of revolutionary activities abroad Sri Shyamji Krushna ‘Verma was born on 4% October 1857 in Mandvi village of Kutch. He became graduate from Cambridge University. With the objective of attaining Swaraj,| he established ‘Indian Home Rule Society’ in London on 18" February 1905. Its office was his house and it was given the name of ‘Indian House.” For the propagation of his institution, he started a magazine entitled ‘Indian Sociologist.” ‘Shyamji Kirshna Verma got various companions like Vinayak Sawarkar, ‘Hardayal, Madanlal Dhingra, Sardar Singh Rana and Madam Cama to run his 5-9 Street Krishna revolutionary activities. He arranged scholarship for Indians. In 1909 A.D. at London, Madanlal Dhingra shot dead William Wyali near Trafalgar Square. So, Dhingra was hung to death, Feeling unsafe in London Shyamji Krishna Verma went to Paris. After some time he went to Switzerland. He died in 1930 A.D. For your knowledge Great national leader Shyamji Krishna Verma’s and his wife Bhanumati's, ashes were brought to India on 4% October 2003 at Mandvi (Kutch) and were busied there with great respect. A procession was counducted all over Gujarat. ‘Madam Cama ; Madam Cama was bom on 24 September, 1861 in Mumbai. She stayed in London from 1902 to 1907 A.D. In 1905 A.D. Shyamji Krishna Verma established Indian Home Rule Society, She was present in the 2® International Socialist Conference held in Stuat- guard of Germany in 1907 A.D. In this conference, she unfurled the tricolor flag by raising the slogan of ‘Vande Mataram’ from all Indians.For your knowledge The flag unfurled by Madam Cama had eight lotus flowers which stood for 8 provinces. The ‘Sun and the Moon had been displayed as Hindu-Muslim Unity. Make a list of ladies who actively took part in Indian freedom movements. Exercises : Q.1 Answer the following questions. (1) What was the vow taken by Vasudev Fadke ? (2) Why was Khudiram Bose hung to death ? (3) Which book was written by Vir Sawarkar ? (4) How did Chandra Shekhar come to be known as ‘Azad’ ? (5) Who threw a bomb in the legislative assembly ? (6) What activities were done by Shyamji Krishna Verma abroad ? Q.2 Identify me (1) Lused to upset the ships carrying salt. (2) established an institution — ‘Mitramela.’ (3) I prevented the attack on ‘Arya Samaj’ temple (4) It's my vow that 'T will never be caught alive’ (5) I established ‘Indian Home Rule Society’ Q3 Write short note on the following (1) Vir Savarkar (2) Vir Bhagat Singh (3) Chandra Shekhar Azad (4) Shyamji Krishna Verma