THE SECURITY FOR LIBRARY

Mr. Bibhuti bhusan Pattanaik (Asst. Librarian),

I.T.S - IM Library, Greater Noida,
Email: bibhu15july@yahoo.co.in
Ms. Babita Pattanaik (Lecturer), North Orissa
University, Baripada
Email: babitapattanaik@rediffmail.com
Presentation Outline
To Educate and Inform You
1. About RFID system
2. How does RFID works
3. Why RFID
4. Agenda & Concern
5. Implementation
6. Benefit
7. Conclusion
 1. About RFID system
 Brief History
 What is RFID system
 RFID Architecture & Key Components
 Standards
 Key Agenda & Concern for Library
 Brief History
RFID (Radio Frequency Identifier) an Auto-ID data collection
system surveillance, using RF waves for Identifying, Tracking
and doing Management of material flow.

Basic concept behind RFID is same as “Mirror-Sunlight-

Reflection theory ”
Invented and used from (Early 1940’s)
Commercial Operation begun from 1960’s …

In 1970s developers, inventors, companies, academic

institution and government sectors were actively worked on
RFID
Most common application were tracked person and objects, identified
goods in supply chain, reusable container, high value tools, security,
controlling access to building, networks, payment systems and other
assets.
 What is RFID system
An AUTO-ID based System
RFID is an acronym A method for controlling inventory
for radio frequency
identification. Automatically identify objects
Briefly the RF
stand for “radio-
frequency” and ID Saving Time and Money
means “identifier” Non-Line-Sight Communication
that allows an item,
for instance a
library book, to be Minimize Work Stress of Staff
identified,
accessed, stored, Offering Self Check out/in
reprogrammed and
communicated by Gathering statistics on used Items
using radio waves
Improve Customer Services And
Easily Prevent Theft
 RFID Architecture
As depicted in figure.1 the whole operation are worked under
three key phases.
 Firstly items-tag are
scanned by reader; Backend
Database
 Secondly in backend
transmitted data coming
through antenna (RF-
wave) are being recognized
Tags Reader Application
by RFID-based system PC.
It acts as a middleware Gateway

communication gateway
among items, reader and Scanned
system database;
Database
 And at the end it filters User
out and store data in Interface
RFID-databases for Fig.1. A General Overview of RFID
checking the data fault and Architecture
relevant operation.
 TAGS Key Components
 READER
 SELF CHECK-OUT/IN
 INVENTORY READER
BOOK DROP READER
MIDDLEWARE (PC)
SECURITY GATE
LABEL PRINTER
 SORTER
Paper thin 2X2inch TAGS
in size.

Read-only or
Read/writable
Storage capacity
of 2KB data that
contain 96bits
serial number.
Tags come in many
flavors: passive, battery
assisted, active, different
frequencies, various anti-
collision technologies,
printed/wire wounded
antenna etc.
TAG-TYPES FOR LIBRARY
ITEMS
Type: Contact less Read/Write
Operating 13.56 MHz. (HF-High Frequency).
Frequency:
Capacity: 512 bit up to 10Kbits
Common Usage: Ticketing, Library Management, anti-counterfeiting
Standard Electronic label application, Electronic Article Surveillance
Deployment:
Tested Read Maximum 10cm  Read, and Write 5cm Detection (The
Range: distance may vary depend upon the environment)
Multi-Detection: Yes
Max read 30 labels/sec
quantity:
Size: 82mm x 49mm
Material: Opaque matt paper 79
Color: White
Weight: 0.5g
Compliance: ICODE, SLI
Regulatory ISO 15693
Specifications:
Operating Waterproof and dustproof
Specifications:
READER
 A device that is used to
interrogate an Tag.
 Basic components are
 A scanning Antenna
 A transceiver with a
decoder to interpret data
 helps in personalize &
read data.
SELF CHECK-OUT/IN
 Dual Function(rfid & barcode)
 Store information about item.
 Performance statistics
 Multiple items can be checked
out at a time
 Easier to Use.
INVENTORY READER
A compact and light weight
hand held device
 Comfortable to use
 High storage capacity
 Multi Functional (such as
shelving, sorting, searching,
weeding and reading)
 Enhanced Security.
BOOK DROP READER
Self Checks-in
books when
patrons drop
them in book-
drop …..
 MIDDLE WARE

 Provide reader connectivity to other systems on the

network.
Translate data and transmit to its other application
SECURITY GATE

 Verify that all books

leaving the library have been
checked out.
 Detect Theft and
 Prevent unauthorized
removal of material
 Standard
RFID STANDARD USED FOR LIBRARY:
 Standard : ISO-15693
 Frequency: 13.56 MHZ
 Dimension : 400mm X 200mm X 120mm
 Housing : Metal
 Data Interface: RS 232
 Protocol : SIP and/or API (presently using
STX/ETX communication protocol)
 Indicator : Tag Data LED and Power LED
 Voltage : 230 Volt
 Certification : CE and Radio Approval
 Frequency: 13.56 MHZ
 Key feature of 13.56Mhz is
 Tags are less expensive due to their
limited coil required.
 Read range about 1-2feet.
 Some tags are anti collision
 collects, uses, stores and broadcast data
 Controlled all conveyor setting
 Key Agenda & Concern for
AGENDA Library
 Material security
 Financial Liabilities
 Personal Comfort and
Safety
 Privacy and CONCERN
 To Increase productivity
 Problem patrons
 Improve customer services
 Maintain current staff level
Material Security:
 Use of Hardware and AGENDA
Software
 Reader Range Personal Safety:
 Read Quality
 Staff stress
 Data Integrity
 Frequency PRIVACY & SECURITY: Theft detection


 Tracking Individuals  Privacy

 Inappropriate use of
personal data
 Theft of Information
 Ownership and Legal issue
 Inadequate Encryption Problem Patrons:
 Block the RF-Wave
 Database hacked
 Items with Odd shape &
Financial Liabilities: metal component
 One Time Implementation costs  Doc.like pamphlet, sheet

 System maintenance & Licensing music, magazine etc.

 Staff & Patron
 Security system costs
interaction
 Tags cost
 Increase productivity
 More accurate shelving
CONCERN  Time saving, speedy
 Provide security and
material controls
Improve customer services  More opportunity for
 Materials more readily
enhanced services
available  Durability, longevity and
 Less time wasted in line to
Insurance
check out/ check in
 Fewer items remain charged
to accounts
 Improved privacy since staff
never sees what’s being
checked out Maintain current staff level
 Repetitive Stress
 Reduce handling of item with
RFID
How does RFID works

PC

Time Up-to-date
DATA FLOW

RFID-READER RFID-TAG

RF COUPLING
Energy

PERSONALIZER (Application Device)

Fig.1. Items personalized model for RFID system

 Why RFID

I. Barcode Vs RFID
II. Inventory Management
III. Economic Facts
IV. Customer Satisfaction
Barcode Vs RFID
 Inventory Management
 Read/Write
- Ability to add information directly to tags enables each unique
asset to carry its own unique history
 Non-contact Reads
- Ability to read tags at a distance, under a variety of
environmental conditions, without physical manipulation of the
asset
 Fast Read

- Ability to simultaneously read large numbers (1000-1750

tags/sec) of items
 Automation
- Requires less human intervention
 Authenticity
- Each RFID chip is unique and can not be replicated
Increase Security
Economic Facts
 Security of material is automatic without staff
intervention.
 Automatic items check out/ check in and sorting can be COST FACTORS
accomplished with LMS circulation software, therefore
eliminating extra processing time of staff and make it Implementation cost
economically viable.
Cost Avoidance • Cost of RFID tags
 Currently Missing Items statistics • Reader
 Replacement cost
 Selection, classification, processing, cost of searching, • Hand held device
notification etc. is improved one
 Existing Material Management system • software interface
 Staff cost (manual way to do house keeping job)
• Others
 Eliminates the time consuming process of barcode
scanning and reading.
On going system Cost
 High speed Inventorying
High Reliability • System maintenance
 The RFID readers are highly reliable, almost 100%
detection rate. • Security system cost
 Multiple items can be checked out/ checked in at a time.
• Work station maintenance
 Make library staff free from the risk of repetitive stress
injuries. • Technical staff
Longevity
 RFID tags last longer than barcodes
 Customer Satisfaction
 Materials control,
 Security,
 High speed Inventorying,
 Faster Check-out/-in,
 Longevity of Tags,
 Reduce staff stress,
 Prevent Theft,
 Searching, notifying and
 Gathering statistics on items become easy.
---------- It Made Sense!!
 Implementation
Start
Why you want
Begin with
RFID?
your goals.
Identify Where RFID will deliver value
to your Library and its
Customers.
Plan

Implementation
Ready your organization for
change.
 Benefit
 Better Collection Management
 Shelves rectification and Verification
 Improved Productivity and Services
 Wireless inventory management
 Faster Checked Out/In
 Prevent Theft
 Quick Searching, Weeding & inventory audit
 Cost Avoidance
 Eliminate Manual Labor Cost.
 Improve automation process
 Reduce Repetitive Stress Injury
 Conclusion
RFID technology is taking off in libraries at an increasingly
rapid pace. Though there are few libraries employing this
technology today, but due to its customizable feature and
continuing improvement the library communities are
beginning to get involved in its development. It is easy to
envision that, the RFID tags contents will increase in power,
prices are expected to decline and tag will dramatically
improve its efficiency, security and accuracy. Also major
concerns need to be addressed for successfully implementing
this technology. So that it will change our personal and work
lives in library and adorns the conventional library
management with a new idea and usher for a bright future.

RFID IS A SUPPORTING TECHNOLOGY--- NOT A COMPETING !!

3M-LIBRARY SYSTEM
THANK “YOU”