Auth Guidelines Signing 05

Expressway Authority Guidelines
for Preparation of Signing

and Pavement Marking Plans
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Expressway Authority Guidelines for Preparation
of Signing and Pavement Marking Plans
Instructions for Use
The Expressway Authority Guidelines for Preparation of Signing and Pavement
Marking Plans is being provided in a digital format to enhance customer use. The file
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Expressway Authority Guidelines for
Preparation of Signing and Pavement Marking Plans
(July 2005)
Expressway Authority Guidelines for July 2005
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Chapter 1 Introduction........................................................................................... 1-1
Chapter 2 Standards............................................................................................... 2-1
Chapter 3 Submittals ............................................................................................. 3-1

A. General Criteria............................................................................ 3-1
B. Submittal Checklists .................................................................... 3-2
Chapter 4 Guide Signing ....................................................................................... 4-1

B. Horizontal and Vertical Clearance............................................... 4-6
C. Overhead Guide Sign Lighting .................................................... 4-8
D. Issues Related to Structural Design ............................................. 4-9
E. Panel Design ................................................................................ 4-12
Chapter 5 Sign Panel and Sign Structural Shop Drawings.................................... 5-1
Chapter 6 Standard Signing................................................................................... 6-1

B. Route Markers.............................................................................. 6-4
C. Exit Gore Signs ............................................................................ 6-6
D. Structural Issues ........................................................................... 6-6
Chapter 7 Pavement Markings .............................................................................. 7-1

B. Specific Criteria ........................................................................... 7-3
Chapter 8 Tabulation Sheets.................................................................................. 8-1

A. General Requirements.................................................................. 8-1
i
Page
Chapter 9 General Notes and Pay Item Notes for Signing and
Pavement Marking Plans ...................................................................... 9-1
Chapter 10 Plan View Sheets .................................................................................. 10-1

A. General Requirements.................................................................. 10-1
B. Additional Guide and Standard Signing Requirements ............... 10-3
C. Additional Pavement Marking Requirements.............................. 10-4
Chapter 11 Guide Sign Worksheets......................................................................... 11-1
Chapter 12 Guide Sign Cross Sections.................................................................... 12-1
Chapter 13 Toll Plaza Signing................................................................................. 13-1

A. Introduction.................................................................................. 13-1
B. General Signing Criteria .............................................................. 13-2
C. Signing for Conventional Toll Plazas .......................................... 13-3
D. Signing for Express (Open Road) Toll Plazas ............................. 13-3
E. Ramp Toll Plaza Signing Criteria ................................................ 13-4
F. Canopy Signing for Mainline and Ramp Toll Plazas .................. 13-5
G. Island Signing for Mainline and Ramp Toll Plazas ..................... 13-6
Chapter 14 Toll Plaza Pavement Markings ............................................................. 14-1

A. Introduction.................................................................................. 14-1
B. General Criteria............................................................................ 14-1
C. Conventional Mainline Toll Plaza Pavement Markings .............. 14-2
D. Express (Open Road) Toll Plaza Pavement Markings................. 14-5
E. Ramp Toll Plaza Pavement Markings.......................................... 14-6
Appendices
Appendix A - Conceptual Details and Examples ............................................... A-1
ii
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
The material contained herein is intended to guide Section Engineer Consultants in the
preparation of Signing and Pavement Marking Plans for the Orlando-Orange County Expressway
Authority. It is the Section Engineer's responsibility to ensure plans are designed and prepared
in accordance with all applicable standards. Plans shall be in English units of measurement.It is
the Section Engineer's responsibility to ensure plans are designed and prepared in accordance
with all applicable standards. Plans shall be in English units of measurement.
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CHAPTER 2
STANDARDS
The following Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT), American Association of State

Highway and Transportation Offices (AASHTO) and Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
manuals are to be utilized in preparation of referenced plans. The most current edition and
subsequent revisions (English) of each specified manual shall be used with the exception of the
AASHTO Specifications for Structural Supports.
1. FDOT Design Standards (FDOT Standard Index) including Structures Standards

including Structures Standards
2. FDOT Plans Preparation Manual and Structures Design Guidelines
3. FDOT Traffic Engineering Manual
4. AASHTO Green Book
5. FHWA Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD)
6. FDOT Basis of Estimates Manual
7. FHWA Standard Highway Signs (SHS)
8. AASHTO Standard Specifications for Structural Supports for Highway Signs,
Luminaries and Traffic Signal Supports, 1994.
9. Applicable FDOT design memoranda and design bulletins
10. AASHTO Guidelines for the Selection of Supplemental Guide Signs for Traffic
Generators Adjacent to Freeways
11. FDOT CADD Production Handbook
12. FDOT Bicycle Planning and Design Handbook
If new manuals or updates to these manuals become available during design they shall be utilized
as appropriate.
Conceptual details and examples included with this document are intended to aid the Section
Engineer in certain design issues specific to the Authority. In order to maintain systemwide
consistency, applicable conceptual details are available for download in Microstation format. It
is the Section Engineer’s responsibility to review and revise the appropriate conceptual
details to meet project specific needs and include in plans. The Section Engineer will be
fully responsible for information shown on these detail sheets and for review and approval
of subsequent shop drawings.
In cases where the Authority standards, as specified in this document, differ from either Federal
or State Signing and Pavement Marking standards, the Authority Guidelines shall take precedent.
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CHAPTER 3
SUBMITTALS
A. General Criteria
Signing and Pavement Marking Plans shall be submitted at the 60%, 90% and 100% levels. A
roll plot showing preliminary pavement markings as well as major guide sign locations shall be
submitted at the 30% level. In addition, a roll plot shall be provided showing all proposed
signing and pavement markings at the 60% and 90% levels. The submittal shall also address all
previous review comments. A written response to each review comment is required within two
(2) weeks of the review.
The level of design required in each submittal plans set shall conform to standard FDOT
requirements. In addition, the Section Engineer shall provide written documentation, when
applicable, of the following:
1. Verification at the 60% level that a field review of the proposed sign locations has
occurred and that appropriate sight distance will be provided at all installations.
2. Conflicts with existing and/or proposed light poles, drainage structures, etc., have
been identified and proposed action noted at the 60% submittal.
3. Design related and/or economic constraints that prevent placement of overhead

sign supports to accommodate ultimate geometry when applicable shall be
documented for approval by the Authority at the 60% submittal.
4. Signing and pavement marking criteria established by the governing agencies for
roadways contained in the plans which are not within the Authority’s jurisdiction
at the 60% submittal.
5. Structural design should not begin until overhead sign locations and associated
sign panels have been set.
6. Verification at the 90% submittal that existing sign structures or existing bridges
can accommodate proposed signing.
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Structural calculations for sign trusses (full span, cantilever, bridge) along with multi-post
calculations for ground mounted signs shall be signed and sealed by a Professional Engineer
licensed in the state of Florida and are to be submitted to the FDOT, District 5, for all sign
structures on facilities under that agency’s jurisdiction. This should be a separate package, and
in addition to, the signed and sealed calculations necessary for the "Final" submittal and labeled
"For Submittal To FDOT".
B. Submittal Checklists
The following checklists are provided as an aid to the Section Engineers in verifying that each
phase submittal meets minimum requirements. Submittals may be rejected in their entirety if:
a. All minimum submittal requirements are not satisfied.

b. All minimum scale values, as specified throughout this document, are not
satisfied (i.e., 1"= 50'intersection detail on 11" x 17" sheet).
c. Font size does not meet minimum standard.
d. Multiple errors indicate Authority Guidelines and preferences have not
been applied to design.
1. 60% plans shall include the following:
a. Key Sheet with Index of Sheets.

b. Tabulation sheets with pay item numbers. Quantities not required.
c. General notes.
d. Pay Item notes.
e. Project layout (when applicable).
f. Plan view sheets containing:
• Geometric information common to roadway construction plans and
signing/pavement marking plans, i.e., station ties for begin/end tapers,
station equations, begin/end baseline stations, etc.
• Proposed and/or existing (to remain) walls with labels identifying
type.
• Key map when applicable.
• Existing signing with proposed disposition.
• Proposed guide signing with structure number, sign number and
station location.
• Proposed standard signing with national code, size and station
location.
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• Proposed pavement markings, including RPMs, with lane widths,

callouts and key station ties.
• Proposed delineators with labels, spacing and station to station limits
of application.
• Preliminary roadway lighting symbols, including existing to remain.
g. Guide sign worksheets with all panels fully designed.
a. 60% comments incorporated.

b. Completed key sheet.
c. Completed Tabulation sheets.
d. Completed Pay Item notes.
e. Completed General notes.
f. Completed plan view sheets with:
• Signing pay item numbers.
• All station ties for pavement markings and any other information
necessary for installation.
• Final roadway lighting symbols.
g. Completed guide sign worksheets.
h. Guide sign cross-sections.
i. Special details required for project.
j. Sign structure designs, calculations and drawings.
k. Sign structure borings.
a. 90% comments incorporated.

b. All plan sheets finalized.
c. All sign structure designs and drawings finalized.
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CHAPTER 4
GUIDE SIGNING
A Conceptual Guide Sign Plan (CSP), prepared by the Authority’s General Engineering
Consultant (GEC), will be provided to the Section Engineers. Approximate sign placement and
sign copy, as shown on the plan, will have been prepared in accordance with basic requirements
of the MUTCD and are consistent with the Authority’s requirements.
It will be the Section Engineer'

s responsibility to review the CSP and prepare detailed plans
according to the specified manuals as well as criteria specific to the Authority contained within
this document.
It is important that the Section Engineer understand the CSP will have been created using
conceptual roadway geometrics. It is the Section Engineer’s responsibility to complete
revisions necessary to accommodate the actual roadway geometry and related elements of
design.
A. General Criteria
The criteria contained in this section applies to both overhead and multi-post guide signs.
1. Close coordination between roadway lighting and guide sign locations shall be
required. Unless constrained by other roadway design elements, signs shall be
placed in advance of the nearest light pole (as viewed in the direction facing the
sign) in order to provide optimum visibility.
2. Final locations of guide signs near the project limits shall be coordinated with the
adjacent Section Engineer(s). This coordination will be necessary to ensure:
a. Correct placement of supplemental guide signing.
b. Correct distance calculations for advanced guide signing.
c. Adequate spacing between guide signing and standard signing.
3. Due to the timing of adjacent contracts, it will be the responsibility of the Section
Engineers to develop and coordinate interim signing and pavement marking plans
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when needed. Installing and covering permanent overhead or ground mounted

sign panels shall not be allowed without the approval of the Authority prior to
installation.
4. On existing facilities, some panels, which do not otherwise require adjustment,

may need to be overlaid in order to meet current Authority sign panel sheeting
standards. Decisions to overlay or replace existing panels will be made on a case-
by-case basis by the Authority and the Section Engineer.
5. The usage of arrows and "EXIT ONLY" messages within the sign copy shall
conform to actual laneage.
6. Care shall be taken that overhead panels are positioned over the lane(s) to which
they apply. The Construction Engineer (CEI) shall approve location(s) along
each truss prior to installation.
7. When signing for a two-lane exit ramp, both down arrows (advance) and upward
slanting arrows (exit direction) shall be positioned over the center one-third of
each applicable lane.
8. If a panel contains a single arrow placed at the bottom of the panel, the arrow
shall be positioned over the center one-third of each applicable lane.
9. Panels containing NEXT RIGHT or NEXT LEFT are considered lane specificc
signs and shall be centered over the applicable lane..
10. Overhead cantilever signs that are not lane specific (1 mile, ½ mile, interchange
sequence, etc.) are to be located over the roadway in the following order of
preference:
a. Centered over the roadway.
b. The right edge of the panel aligned with the outside edge of travel.
c. The left edge of the panel aligned with the skip traffic stripe for the
outside travel lane.
Option c. should be used only when it becomes necessary to reduce the overall
cantilever length.
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11. The placement of sign panels and the design of structures shall accommodate
future panels, as necessary.
12. When applicable, overhead sign structures should be located (along baseline)
such that they can either (a) be used in initial as well as ultimate roadway
configuration or (b) will not require relocation when ultimate roadway is
constructed. Any condition that will result in the removal and/or relocation of an
"initial" truss with "ultimate" construction shall be documented for the file and
approved by the Authority at the 60% submittal.
13. All exit direction signs along the Authority’s facilities shall be mounted overhead
and shall be located at the theoretical gore unless other roadway features (i.e.
drainage structure, roadway lighting, etc.) require an adjustment to the preferred
location.
14. Advance guide signs shall be mounted overhead. Locations shall meet all
required sight distance criteria. Any deviation from the CSP shall be documented
for the file and approved by the Authority prior to the 60% submittal. A
minimum of two overhead advance guide signs in each approach are required at
all interchanges unless directed otherwise by the Authority. Multi-post ground
mounted assemblies shall not be used for advance guide signs without prior
approval by the Authority.
15. Mileage distances shall be measured from the advanced guide sign location to the
exit direction sign.
16. Destinations to Cities: The Section Engineer whose project includes the
interchange serving the signed City, shall be responsible for determining the
appropriate control information for mileage calculations and informing adjacent
Section Engineers.
17. Destinations to Major Roadways: The Section Engineer shall be responsible for
providing the appropriate control information for mileage calculations for their
section of roadway and informing the adjacent Section Engineers.
18. If a future overhead sign structure will be impacted by initial construction (walls,
embankment, etc.), the Section Engineer shall make accommodations for the
future sign. This may require the foundation or other future sign elements be
constructed with the initial project. If electrical service is being provided within
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the limits of a future sign, appropriate conduits and cabling shall be provided to
serve the future signs, including bridge mounted panels.
19. Crossroad directional signs with the street name, the direction (North/South or
East/West) and the route designation when applicable shall be required at exit
ramp terminals. The format should remain uniform throughout a proposed
system or should follow the existing format if revising signing on an existing
system. Standard dual route marker assemblies shall be used in the absence of a
street name for all numbered routes. The format shall be per the following
example:
20. Destination signs shall be installed at the direction of the Authority, or in

accordance with the CSP. Signs shall be designed per the MUTCD. The
destinations and associated arrows shall be horizontally offset a sufficient
distance to clearly associate the destination with the correct arrow. See the
following example:
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21. Signing for crossroad street names for roadways not interchanging with the
Authority’s facility shall be provided. Locations for these signs shall be as
follows:
a. Crossroad over toll road: Mount panels on the bridge girder for view by
toll road traffic.
b. Toll road over crossroad: Install multi-post assemblies in the median

behind bridge approach guardrail depending on existing or proposed
landscaping. If median installation is prevented by landscaping or other
design related elements, install the multi-post assembly on the right side of
the travel way.
22. If practical and economical, multiple guide signs for both directions of travel
should be placed on the same overhead structure.
23. On new truss assemblies, and where possible on modifications to existing

assemblies, all panels facing the same direction of travel shall be designed with
the same panel height (not including Exit Number panels).
24. The main panels on overhead structures are to be designed with an overall height
sufficient to completely cover the structural cross member as viewed in the
direction of travel. The overall height shall also be sufficient to completely cover
the hanger extensions necessary for installation (3" top and bottom, 6" total), i.e.
no portion of the cross member or hangers shall be visible above or below the
main panel. The overall height of the panel shall not include any auxiliary panels
such as Exit Number, "All Traffic", "Expressway Ends", etc.
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25. Where possible, multi-post and overhead sign supports should be placed behind
existing guardrail or proposed guardrail when guardrail is warranted for other
roadside conditions. The Section Engineer is responsible for determining the
proper length of advancement for guardrail in accordance with Index 400 for all
situations. Details, if necessary, for shoulder re-work to add guardrail are the
responsibility of the Section Engineer.
26. Existing structures that do not meet current clear zone criteria are to be noted by
memorandum prior to 60% submittal. Decisions to adjust or replace these
structures will be made on a case-by-case basis by the Section Engineer and the
Authority.
27. .New overhead structures with median supports shall not be permitted unless
indicated in the CSP or approved by the Authority prior to the 60% submittal.
B. Horizontal and Vertical Clearance
1. Horizontal clear zones for overhead and multi-post signs shall conform to Index
700 and Chapter 2.11, Volume I of the Plans Preparation Manual or subsequent
updates. Horizontal clearances are measured to the front of the support for
overhead structure and to the near edge of the panel for multi-post assemblies.
Clear zones for overhead and multi-post shall be measured from:
a. Near edge of travel lane.
b. 4'minimum from the face of guardrail.
c. 4'from face of barrier curb when posted speed is 40 or less; per FDOT
PPM Table 2.11.10 when posted speed is 45 or greater.
d. Face of barrier wall.
2. The minimum preferred clear zone for use on a ramp is 18' . If the criteria in
Index 700 or Chapter 2.11, Volume I of the Plans Preparation Manual specifies a
lower minimum value, the Section Engineer shall use 18'unless constrained by
other design elements. Proposed deviations from the minimum preferred clear
zone must be approved by the Authority prior to 60% submittal.
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3. The horizontal clearances for overhead and multi-post sign assemblies located
behind barrier walls, sound walls or retaining walls shall be such that the footings
shall not interfere with each other.
4. Vertical and horizontal clearances for truss supports shall accommodate ultimate
geometry when applicable.
5. The vertical clearance for multi-post ground mount signs shall be measured from
the near edge of the travel lane to the bottom of the panel.
6. All overhead signs shall have a minimum of 17' -6" vertical clearance to the
bottom of the luminaire for initial or future panels, whichever is lowest. If
proposed signs are not to have lighting at the time of construction, the vertical
clearance shall be to the bottom of a future luminaire to allow maximum
flexibility for future unknown changes. When future panel(s) are shown on the
cross sections or if initial panels are not to have lighting at time of construction,
add the note to each applicable sheet: "Vertical clearance measured to bottom of
future luminaire."
7. The vertical clearance for multi-line Dynamic Message Signs (DMS) shall be 19'
-
-6" or in accordance with the most current FDOT criteria.
8. The vertical clearance for single line DMS / static panel combinations used in tolll
plaza approach signing shall be 19' -6" or in accordance with the most currentt
FDOT criteria. The vertical clearance shall be measured to the bottom of thee
DMS box rather than the luminaires.
9. The vertical clearance for all full span trusses along the mainline and ramps shall
be measured from the highest point of the entire roadway width including
shoulders (i.e., northbound and southbound) or the highest point of future
widening (i.e., northbound and southbound). Add a note to the applicable cross
sections: "Vertical clearance based on future widening elevation." Show an
approximate future elevation at the highest point, rounded to the nearest tenth.
10. The vertical clearance for all cantilevers along the mainline and ramps shall be
measured from the highest point of the roadway, including shoulders, facing the
sign (i.e., northbound or southbound). If typical section(s) indicate future
widening to the inside and/or outside, the vertical and horizontal clearances
beshall be set such that the cantilever will not require relocation when the ultimate
4-7
roadway is constructed. Add a note “Vertical clearance based on future widening

elevation” and show an approximate future elevation at the highest point, rounded
to the nearest tenth. In addition, show an approximate elevation, rounded to the
nearest tenth, at the future edge of pavement (EOP) along with applicable notes.
11. The Section Engineer shall be responsible for ensuring that the minimum vertical
clearance is maintained when either of the following occurs on an existing
structure:
a. Proposed panel(s) installation
b. Existing panel(s) shift
c. Proposed luminaire(s) installation
A survey will be required by a Florida Registered Land Surveyor and a cross

section added to the plans when the existing structure falls either within or outside
of the limits of roadway construction. Cross section shall include all dimensions
necessary to enable the contractor to properly install proposed panels or shift
existing panels. Vertical clearance shall be shown.
12. When existing overhead signs are to remain within the limits of proposed
roadway widening, it shall be the Section Engineer’s responsibility to verify
horizontal clearance(s) to the uprights meet minimum standards. This data shall
be included in the plans. If necessary, modifications may be required, i.e.,
extending existing guardrail, modifying post spacing within guardrail, etc.
Coordination will be required with the roadway engineer.
C. Overhead Guide Sign Lighting
1. All overhead guide signs including bridge mounted panels shall be lighted
whenever possible. The Section Engineer is responsible for coordinating
electrical service to new installations and for any luminaire adjustments required
when existing structures are used.
2. If proposed overhead sign structures, including bridge-mounted panels areare

moree than ½ mile from a power source, 3M Diamond Grade Sheeting or the
Authority’s approved equal shall be used. Solar panels may be required at the
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direction of the Authority. Coordination between the panel designer and the
lighting designer is required.
3. Top lighting of overhead sign panels shall not be allowed on structures within the
Authority’s jurisdiction. If lighting design program(s) indicate top and bottom
luminaires are necessary to achieve the required foot candles, the sign panel shall
be redesigned using 3M Diamond Grade Sheeting with bottom luminaires only.
Coordination between the panel designer and the lighting designer is required.
4. The Section Engineer shall field verify all sources of existing power for
illuminated signs. "As-Built" or "Record" drawings may be used for reference
only.
5. The voltage drop calculations for illumination of lighted signs shall be based on
the "worst case" scenario.
6. Lighting plans shall address adjustment/replacement of existing luminaires as

necessary.
7. Signs will be illuminated with 175-watt mercury vapor Deluxe White Lamps.
The number of luminaires at each lighted sign will depend on the lighting
calculations and will vary based on the height and width of each panel. See
FDOT Index 17505 for spacing and mounting details. The Table in FDOT Index
17505 may have to be modified or revised based on the number of luminaires
required by the lighting calculations.
8. Illumination for each sign shall be 25-30 foot candles (300 lux) average initial
with an average-to-minimum uniformity ratio of 3:1 or less and a maximum-to-
minimum uniformity ratio of 6:1 or less.
9. Luminaires shall be gray or silver. NoNo exceptions shall be allowedd.
D. Issues Related to Structural Design
Overhead and multi-post sign structures are to be designed in accordance with AASHTO and
FDOT design standards. Structural design should not begin until overhead sign locations and
associated sign panels have been set. The items contained in this section are to be applied in
addition to the conventional standards.
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1. The Section Engineer shall provide verification that existing bridges and sign
structures can safely accommodate proposed signs and lighting. File
documentation signed by a Registered Florida Structural Engineer shall be
included with the 90% plans submittal.
2. Box truss designs shall only be allowed within the Authority’s jurisdiction under
the following special conditions.
a. Toll plaza related static/single line DMS combination panels ffacing both
directions of travel are colocated on the same structure..
b. Multi-line DMS (walk-in) boxes facing both directions of travel (initial orr
future) are colocated on the same structure..
c. As directed by the Authority at specific locations..
For all structures that do not meet the above three special conditions, tri-cord
designs shall be used. A note reading “Alternative designs shall not be allowed”
shall be included in the Cantilever Sign Structure Notes as well as the Span Sign
Structure Notes. If a design exception is required, the Section Engineer shall
submit a request in writing to the Authority for approval prior to the 90%
submittal. Note: The tri-chord design requirement and associated notes apply to
multi-line (walk-in) and single line DMS panels when facing only one direction of
travel.
3. Box truss designs, used only when meeting the above special conditions, shall be
designed having one single monotube upright at each end of the truss. Dual
uprights with cross bracing for each support shall not be allowed. If a design
exception is required, the Section Engineer shall submit a request in writing to the
Authority for approval prior to the 90% submittal.
4. Box truss designs, used only when meeting the above special conditions, may be
designed either by the Section Engineer or the Contractor as determined by the
Authority. If the Contractor is to generate box truss design(s), the plans shall
clearly state that such design(s) shall incorporate the Authority’s over design
criteria for future needs. The Authority’s GEC shall be provided with the
Contractor’s proposed design parameters prior to beginning design. In addition,
the Contractor shall submit design(s) and calculations to the Engineer of Recordd
(EOR) as well as to the Authority’s GEC for revieww.
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5. All ground mount sign supports (including column sized) are the responsibility of
the Section Engineer. The most current version of the FDOT Multi-Post Sign
Program shall be used for support design. A hard copy of the output file shall be
included in project calculations documentation.
6. Column size and estimated average length information shall be included in the
plans for all multi-post signs (not just large guide signs). This information may
be shown in a tabular format.
7. The attachment method and hardware for bridge mounted sign panels, (i.e.,
crossroad street name signs), and the Authority’s logo panels shall be specified in
the plans by General Note(s) or Pay Item Note(s).
8. All overhead sign structures shall be designed such that the main panel(s), initial
and future, is vertically centered on the horizontal member of either the full spann
truss or the cantilever. Auxiliary or "detachable" panels (exit number, "Hospital",
"All Traffic", etc.) are not to be included in the overall height of the main panel
for center justification. When using an existing structure for proposed panel(s),
center justification may not be applicable. Existing structures will require review
on a per case basis.
9. Sign structures that will be used in more than one project phase and will have
various panels and messages shall be designed to accommodate the "worst case"
configuration scenario. The Section Engineer, in accordance with the latest
edition of the FDOT Structures Design Guidelines and the Plans Preparation
Manual, shall provide structural designs. As such, it will be necessary for the
Section Engineer to clearly identify on the sign structure cross section what panel
sizes the structure shall ultimately accommodate as well as the panels required at
initial and/or interim installation.
10. Drilled shafts are preferred for cantilever sign structures.
11. Drilled shaft lengths must be adjusted for embankment slopes steeperr than 4:1, as
determined by the Geotechnical Engineer. The use of wings should be avoided if
torsional resistance can be obtained through the use of larger diameter shafts. The
maximum shaft diameter should not exceed 6' -0". The factor of safety for torsion
may be 1.0.
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12. Whenever new structures are added to the system, a design wind speed of 90
MPH with a 30% gust factor shall be used in the design. In accordance with thee
Authority’s sign structure design policy, the structures shall be designed inn
accordance with the latest FDOT Structures manual and the followingg
requirements:
a. Increase sign panel area for design by 20%
b. Design for bottom justification overhang at 50% of the truss depth.
Cantilever arm lengths shall be determined based on initial sign configuration.

Initial panel shall be positioned to match the end of the cantilever arm for
aesthetics. Panel position requirement shall be clearly identified in the plans and
documented in design calculations.
13. All special mountings required, including single post assemblies, are the
responsibility of the Section Engineer and shall be detailed in the plans.
14. Structural designs, including bridge-mounted assemblies, shall be included in the

Signing and Pavement Marking Plans.
15. Sign structures supporting single direction multi-line (walk-in) or single line DMS
panels shall be designed such that the DMS is installed on the front vertical plane
of the truss tri-chord. The Section Engineer shall verify the design dead load
weight for each type of DMS with the Authority’s GEC prior to beginning
designs.
E. Panel Design
Guide sign panel designs shall adhere to the criteria contained in the MUTCD and the Standard
Highway Signs Manual, which includes the new Standard Alphabets for Highway Signs. Further
clarification of the material in these publications as well as additional requirements specific to
the Authority’s preferences are listed in this section.
Guide sign panels shall not be designed using a computerized program, CADD or otherwise,
unless the program ACCURATELY conforms to criteria in the FHWA Standard Highway Signss
Manual or the MUTCD. "TRANSOFT GuidSIGN" is the only software currently approved for
use. Panel layouts shall not be in coordinates. If the Section Engineer wishes to use aa
computer program, other than "TRANSOFT GuidSIGN", sample panel designs shall be
4-12
submitted for approval prior to the 60% plans. An example of the preferred worksheet format is
included in Appendix A. However, the Section Engineer may use his/her standard format
provided it has been submitted and approved prior to 60% plans submittal.
Until such time as GuidSIGN incorporates the new standard alphabets, i.e., the “bounding boox”
method of determining copy length contained in the Standard Highway Signs manual, Secttion
Engineers may continue using the current version of GuiidSIGN.
The guide sign panel designs shall adhere to the following Authority criteria:
1. Multiple panels on an overhead structure shall be designed having the same

hheight when:
a. Panels face the same direction of travel..
b. After using standard design criteria, the difference in panel heights is 244
inches or less.
2. All non-illuminated overhead signs shall be fabricated using 3M Diamond Grade

Reflective Sheeting or the Authority’s approved equal. Illuminated overhead
static panels and multi-post guide signs shall be fabricated using 3M High
Intensity Grade Reflective Sheeting or the Authority’s approved equal.
3. Regardless of lighting requirements, if a proposed sign panel height is equal to or

greater than fifteen (15) feet, the panel is to be designed using 3M Diamond
Grade Reflective Sheeting.
4. Since the use of Diamond Grade Sheeting increases panel brightness, 3M

Company requires the following design criteria be used for all white copy on
green, blue or brown background:
a. Spacing between letters and/or numerals shall be increased by 15%.

Horizontal spacing is not increased between words in lines of copy.
b. A note indicating an additional 15% inter-letter spacing shall be added to

each panel detail designed using Diamond Grade Sheeting.
5. Letter copy with upper/lower case combination on guide signs shall conform to
Series E (Modified) text sizes as found in the FHWA Standard Highway Signs
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Manual. Letter copy in all capitals shall conform to Series E. Horizontal and
vertical margin spacing shall be shown. All copy lengths, margins and vertical
spacing shall be to the nearest tenth of an inch.
6. For development of mainline Guide Signs, Section 2E - "Guide Signs - Freeways

and Expressways”, of the MUTCD shall be used. Copy sizes shall be per Table
2E-3 and Table 2E-4 with two exceptions:
a. 16"/12", Series EM, shall be the largest size used for "Name of Place,
Street or Highway" regardless of interchange classification. The 20"/15",
Series E(M), copy size shall only be used on diagrammatic signs withh
prior approval from the Authority.
b. 13.3"/10", Series EM, shall be used for the "Place Name" or "Word" on
Interchange Sequence (overhead) as well as Distance/Destination (multi-
post) signs. Mileage distances shall consist of 13.3" whole numbers and
10" numerals in fractions.
7. Overhead copy sizes shall adhere to criteria in Table 2E-3 and Table 2E-4 of the
MUTCD, along the mainline and higher speed multi-lane cross streets. Copy size
may be reduced on overhead signs on ramps with the smallest allowable size
being 13.3"/10" EM subject to the approval of the Authority prior to panel design.
Copy size should be reduced on overhead signs along remaining cross streets with
the smallest allowable size being 13.3"/10" EM.
8. Action message word(s) shall be upper case 12"E on overhead signs along thee
mainline and higher speed multi-lane cross streets. Copy shall be reduced too
10"E if the destination has been reduced too 13.3"/10" EM.
9. PAY TOLL.XX copy on overhead guide signs along the mainline shalll be 12"E.
10. Variations of “NO REENTRY” and “LAST EXIT BEFORE” shall be 10"E.
11. When overhead copy size has been reduced to 13.3"/10" EM, a cardinal direction
word accompanying a route shield shall be a combination of 12"/10" E letters.
The first letter shall be 12" and the remaining letters shall be 10".
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12. For cross road directional ground mounted assemblies, copy size for the street
name shall be 8"/6" EM. Copy size for the cardinal directions shall be 8"E and
the arrow size shall be 12" x 8".
13. Horizontal or side margins (“Edge Spacing” in the MUTCD) should equal the
upper case letter height PLUS the border width. For example, using 16"/12" EM
and a 2" border width, the ideal side margins would be 18". Side margins can be
slightly adjusted if necessary to achieve a total panel width in an even six-inch
increment.
14. Vertical or top and bottom margins (“Edge Spacing” in the MUTCD) should
equal the average letter height of the adjacent line of copy PLUS the border width
whenever possible. For example, using 12"/10" E for the top line of copy with a
2" border the adjacent vertical margin would be 13" (11"+2"). Using 16"/12" EM
for the bottom line of copy with a 2" border the adjacent vertical margin would be
16" (14"+2"). Top and bottom margins can be slightly adjusted if necessary to
achieve a total panel height in an even six-inch increment. However, the designer
should use caution when decreasing the bottom margin to minimize interference
with the luminaires.
15. The space between a route shield and a cardinal direction word shall be equal to
the height of the first letter of the cardinal direction.
16. Inter-word spacing (the horizontal space between words in a single line of copy)
shall equal 1.5 times the upper case letter height. For example, using 13.3"/10"
EM the inter-word spacing would be 20" (rounded value). Exceptions to this
criterion may be made if the destination or street name is unusually long such that
it becomes necessary to reduce the total panel or overlay length. However, such
exceptions shall be approved by the Authority prior to panel design. Note: This
inter-word spacing criteria does not apply to cross road street name panels.
17. Interline spacing (the vertical space between lines of copy) should be 0.75 times
the average of the upper case letter heights in the adjacent lines of copy. For
example, the vertical space between one line of copy in 16"/12" EM and another
in 12" E would be 10.5" or (0.75*(16"+12")/2)). Interline line spacing may be
slightly adjusted to achieve a total panel height in an even six-inch increment.
18. The border width of Exit Number panels shall match that of the main panel to
which it is attached. The corner radii shall be 4".
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19. Fraction layout shall follow the criteria listed below:
a. The numerals in a fraction are generally 10" E. However, exceptions are

occasionally made with the approval of the Authority prior to panel
design.
b. The total width of the fractions containing the numeral one (1), i.e., ¼
shall be 2 times the height of the numerals within the fraction. Forr
example, using 10" E numerals, the total width will be 20.0". When
usingg 10" EM numerals, the width shall be 2.2 times the numeral height
orr 22.0"0 inches.
c. The total width of fractions without a numeral one (1), i.e. ¾, shall be
equal to 2.5 times the height of the numerals within the fraction. For
example, using 10" E or 10" EM numerals, the total width will be 25.0"..
d. The total height of a fraction shall be 1.5 times the height of the numerals
within the fraction. For example, using 10" E numerals, the total fraction
height will be 15".
20. The space between a whole number and a fraction shall be 0.75 times the height
of the whole number. The space between a fraction or whole number and the
adjacent word shall be 1.5 times the letter height of word.
21. When designing interchange sequence or distance/destination panels the mileage

numerals and fractions are to be vertically centered about the widest numeral and
the widest fraction. This will likely require adjustments to the normal horizontal
spacing. For example, for a sign reading:
Destination X 1½
Destination Y 2¾
The distance 2 ¾ has a greater copy width than 1 ½ and will therefore be the
control. Use the following steps to lay out the distances:
Step 1: Use standard horizontal spacing for the 2 ¾.

Step 2: Center the ½ over the ¾ fraction.
Step 3: Center the numeral 1 over the numeral 2.
4-16
This will likely result in a greater than normal space between the 1 and the ½.
Also, the side margins adjacent to each fraction will not be the same.
22. When route shields are used on an interchange sequence panel, the size shall bee
reduced from the "overhead" standard criteria to the next smallest size shown inn
the SHS. For example, a 36" x 36" two-digit U.S. route shield would be reducedd
to 24" x 24".
23. It shall be the responsibility of the Section Engineer to verify with the governing
agency if a destination or street name is hyphenated. Hyphens are not to be used
otherwise. If a hyphen is required, the horizontal spacing should adhere to the
following:
a. The length of the hyphen should be equal to 0.75 times the upper case
letter height for that line of copy.
b. The total space between the adjacent letters should be equal to 2.0 times
the upper case letter height. The hyphen shall be centered within this
space.
c. These criteria may be adjusted slightly if necessary with the approval of

the Authority.
24. When the CSP indicates a diagonal is required in the copy, i.e., Tampa/Daytonaa
Beach, the horizontal spacing should adhere to the following criteria..
a. Width of the rectangle formed by the diagonal is 1.1 times the upper case
e letter height.
b. Height of the rectangle formed by the diagonal is 1.5 times the upper case
e letter height.
c. The space between the diagonal and adjacent word is equal to the lower r
case letter height.
For example, using Tampa/Daytona Beach in 13.3'/ 10" copy size, the space
fromm “a” to the diagonal is 10", the width of the rectangle formed by the
rectangle iss 14.6" and the space from the diagonal to “D” is 10" for a total of
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34.6" between wordsbetween words including the diagonal. Note that overall
total using this criterion will exceed the total produced by the GuidSIGN program
as well as the revised alphabet spacing in the Standard Highway Signs.
25. All panels having more than one color of background sheeting shall have a
horizontal and/or vertical divisional line separating the adjacent colors. The
divisional line shall equal the width of the panel border and the color shall match
that of the border around the secondary background. For example, if a panel l
contains black EXIT ONLY copy on yellow background, the divisional line shall
be blackck.
26. The airport symbol shall be a minimum of a 30" x 30" black airplane centered
within a 34" x 34" square white background. The airport symbol shall not have a
border. These sizes may only be adjusted with the approval of the Authority prior
to panel design. The white background shall be used in determining the
overall panel size and shall be shown in the vertical and horizontalal
dimensions on the worksheet detail. A standard format I-5 sign panel shall
onlyy be used in single and multi-post route marker assemblies..
27. Crossroad street name panels (for roadways not interchanging with the
Authority’s facility) shall be designed with white copy and border on a green
background. The copy shall be 8"/6" EM and the total panel height shall be 24".
The border shall be 1" and the corner radii shall be 3". Inter-word spacing shall
be 8" (not 12").
28. Toll route shields on overhead panels shall be 48" x 60" on the mainline and on
Interchanging Interstate or Toll Roads. Shields shall be 36" x 48" on other
crossroad overhead approach signing.
29. When the plans call for slanted arrows, the Authority’s preference is 45 degrees.
The size of the slanted arrow is relative to the size of the destination copy and
shall follow the criteria specified in the Standard Highway Signs Manual. The
maximum arrow length shall be used unless overall panel size is a design
constraint.
30. Abbreviations are not generally allowed other than Rd, St, Blvd, etc. However,
abbreviations may become necessary in order to reduce overall panel width. All
non-standard abbreviations shall be approved by the Authority prior to
panel design.
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31. Periods shall not be used after common abbreviates such as Rd, St, Blvd, etc..
Periods shall be used in toll rates and are occasionally used for special
conditions.. All special condition use of periods shall be approved by the
Authority priorr to panel design. When used, the criteria for periods is as
followss:
a. The diameter of periods is relative to the adjacent copy. Use aa 2.4"

diameter period with 16"/12"EM, 13.3"/10"EM and 12"E copy. Use aa
1.9" diameter period with 10.7"/8"EM and 10"E copy..
b. The space between a letter or number and a following period shall be

equal to the diameter of the period. Exception: for letters F, P, T, V, W
and Y the period should be aligned tangent to the widest part of the letter..
32. If an apostrophe is included within a word, the total space (including the
apostrophe) between the letters on either side of the apostrophe shall equal the
upper case letter height for that line of copy. For example, if the word
International has been abbreviated to Int’l using 16"/12"EM letters, the space
between the “t” and the “l” will be 16". Note that overall space using this criteria
will exceed the overall space produced by the GuidSIGN program as well as the
revised alphabet spacing in the Standard Highway Signs.
33. The size and series of the word “TO” shall be relative to other elements within the
guide sign. General criteria are as follows:
a. When used in conjunction with a route shield and cardinal direction, the
series shall match the cardinal direction and the size shall match the
smaller letters. For example, a line of copy reading “TO / route shield /
EAST” where EAST is in 15"/12"E, the word “TO” shall be 12"E.
b. When used in conjunction with a destination in upper / lower case letters,,

the word “To” shall be in upper / lower case letters matching thee
destination. For example, a line of copy reading “To Orlando Int’ll
Airport” where Orlando Int’l Airport is in 16"/12"EM, the word “Too”
shall be in 16"/12"EM..
c. When used in conjunction with a route shield (no cardinal direction), the
word “TO” should be 12"E minimum.
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34. County route shields (FTP-18-04) shall be centered within a yellow rectangular
background. The shield and yellow background shall conform to the criteria in
Index 17355 when used on an advanced and exit direction guide signss.
35. When county route shields are used on interchange sequence signs, the shield and
yellow background are sized as follows:
a. For 2 and 3 digit route numbers, the shield shall be 31" x 30" on a 34" x
34" background.
b. For 4 digit route numbers, the shield shall be 37 ¾" x 36" on a 41" x 41"
background.
36. The dimensions of the yellow background for county route shields shall be
used in determining the overall panel size and shall be shown in the vertical
and horizontal spacing on the worksheet detail.
37. When used on a ground mounted guide sign, the County route shield and yellow
background shall be sized appropriately with respect to the destination copy.
38. It is the Section Engineer’s responsibility to request available existing panel shop
drawings for use in the design of full or partial overlays. If the existing panel
shop drawing is not available, it shall be the Section Engineer' s responsibility to
determine the actual panel size. The design of partial overlays shall:
a. Completely cover all existing copy to be revised by the overlay.
b. Not cover any existing copy or border, which is to remain visible.
c. Correctly align the proposed copy with the remaining visible existing
copy.
39. Diagrammatic signs may be used at the direction of the Authority. The Section
Engineer shall adhere to criteria in the MUTCD and the Standard Highway Signs
Manual with the exception of lane line widths and arrow head sizes, which shall
be modified as directed by the Authority’s GEC.
4-20
40. A guide sign worksheet shall be included in the plans for all full and partial
overlays. For a partial overlay, the guide sign panel design shall consist of
enough information such that the Contractor can properly install the proposed
copy relative to the remaining existing copy as well as the overall panel width and
height.
4-21
CHAPTER 5
SIGN PANEL AND SIGN STRUCTURAL SHOP DRAWINGS
A. Shop drawings are required for all overhead as well as single and multi-post mounted
sign panels (including full and partial overlays) and sign structures within the project
limits. The Engineer of Record (EOR) shall be responsible for the review of standard
regulatory and warning signs with respect to the elements specific to the Authority’s
design requirements, (i.e. sheeting, color, size, etc.). Guide sign panels and structures
shall be reviewed in accordance with established procedures.
B. One copy of each sign panel shop drawing submittal shall be transmitted to the
Authority’s GEC for a concurrent oversight review. The EOR shall not return the
shop drawing submittal to the CEI prior to receiving and incorporating the
AAuthority’s GEC review comments.
C. One copy of each sign panel photograph shall be transmitted to the Authority’s GEC for a
concurrent oversight review. The EOR shall not provide comments to the CEI prior to
receiving and incorporating the Authority’s GEC review comments..
D. Calculations for 3M Scotch Brand Very High Bond Acrylic Foam Tape (VHB) or thee
AAuthority’s approved equal shall be included as part of each shop drawing submittal for
single and multi-post mounted panels. The EOR shall be responsible for the review and
approval of all VHB calculations related to structural support, (i.e. attachment of the sign
panel to the wind beam(s)). The quantity of VHB indicated for each panel must meet the
minimum requirements as specified in the Special Provisions. Review of VHB
calculations for splice plate application will not be required. The EOR shall also review
the Fabricator' s standard attachment details, generally included in the shop drawing
submittal, for use of VHB tape.
E. The stenciled information on the back of all sign panels installed and maintained by the
Authority shall read "OOCEA" rather than "FDOT". It is the responsibility of the EOR
to revise shop drawings accordingly. For panel overlays, information pertaining to the
overlay shall be placed on the back of the existing panel in the vicinity of the existing
information. The original stencil or decal shall remain visible.
F. The Authority’s GEC shall be given a copy of all stamped and approved sign panel and
sign structural shop drawings including all calculations for overhead structures as well as
5-1
multi-post ground mounted assemblies. Approved shop drawing package shall also
include VHB calculations for all single and multi-post ground mounted sign assemblies..
G. The EOR for the signing and pavement marking plans shall be responsible for the review
and approval of all toll plaza related sign panels, including the conceptual details
provided in the Guidelines when included in the plans.
H. If the Contractor submits signing and/or pavement marking materials other than those
specified in the plans, EOR shall not approve alternative materials without first providing
the Authority’s GEC with samples and receiving approval for use from the Authority.
5-2
CHAPTER 6
STANDARD SIGNING
A. General Criteria
In addition to standard criteria in the manuals listed in Chapter 2, signing plans shall also adhere
to criteria specific to the Authority. It is the responsibility of the Section Engineer to determinee
and follow the criteria of the governing agency for signing along intersecting roadways. If
standards have not been established for intersecting roadways, the Section Engineer shall apply
the criteria established by the Authority as follows:
1. Close coordination between roadway lighting and standard sign locations shall be
required. Unless constrained by other roadway design elements, signs shall be
2. Horizontal and vertical clearances shall adhere to clear zone requirements for the
classification of roadway. FDOT Index 700, FDOT Index 17302 and Chapter
2.11, Volume 1 of the FDOT Plans Preparation Manual.
3. Warning signs shall be located using the distance requirements in Table 2C-4 of
the MUTCD, Section 2C.05. Exceptions may be made subject to the approval of
the Authority.
4. All regulatory and warning signs along the mainline and ramps shall be sized in
accordance with "Freeway" or “Oversized” criteria as found in Tables 2B-1 and
2C-2 of the MUTCD or the largest size in the FHWA Standard Highway Signs
Manual, whichever is greater.
5. Standard signing proposed along intersecting roadways shall adhere to the criteria
of the governing agency for that facility. If the governing agency has no
established criteria, signs installed by the Authority on an intersecting roadway
should be sized per the following:
a. On multi-lane roadways with higher speeds use the "Standard",

"Expressway" or "Special" criteria, whichever is greater, as found in the
6-1
FHWA Standard Highway Signs Manual. In some cases, right-of-way

constraints will dictate the maximum allowable panel size.
b. On low speed dual lane roadways use the "Standard" criteria as found in
the FHWA Standard Highway Signs Manual.
6. All regulatory signs shall be fabricated using 3M Company Diamond Grade VIPP
Reflective Sheeting or the Authority’s approved equal.
7. Standard sign W3-5 shall be used when reduced speed ahead signing is required.
8. Warning signs for lane drop, lane ends, curves, reduced speed ahead and
pedestrian crossing shall be fabricated using 3M Company Fluorescent Yellow
Diamond Grade VIP Reflective Sheeting or the Authority’s approved equal. All
other yellow warning signs shall be fabricated using 3M Company Yellow
Diamond Grade VIP Reflective Sheeting or the Authority’s approved equal.
9. Close coordination between roadway lighting and sign locations shall be

required.. Unless constrained by other roadway design elements, signs shall be
10. Final locations of signs near the project limits shall be coordinated and agreed
upon with the adjacent Section Engineers. This is particularly important with
respect to standard signing which can easily become "overlapped" between
projects.
11. Signing shall not be placed within the paved gore or paved shoulder areas.
12. The following regulatory signage shall be included on all plans:
a. R5-10b, "Pedestrians and Bicycles Prohibited" (interchange entrance

ramps near terminus at cross street).
b. R8-7, "Emergency Stopping Only" (along mainline).
13. FTP-43-04, “DIAL FHP (*347)” shall be included along the mainline when
applicable. General guidelines for locating the FTP-43-04, "DIAL FHP (*347)"
signs are:
6-2
a. After crossing county lines.
b. Downstream of major arterials and/or major decision points.
c. Downstream of freeway to freeway interchanges.
Note that there is a decreased need for these signs in urban areas where motorists
have easier telephone access.
14. Placement of guide signs may require adjustment of regulatory signing locations
(proposed and/or existing) due to visibility and appropriate spacing requirements.
15. Post-interchange signing (speed limit, route markers and, when appropriate,
distance signs) shall be required on all new Authority facilities and adjusted or
replaced as necessary on existing roadways in accordance with MUTCD, Section
2E.35.
16. All exit ramps from the mainline shall include "Do Not Enter", "One Way" and
"Wrong Way" signs on both sides of the ramp. Left and Right turn prohibition
signs shall be used only when the geometry and channelization do not prohibit
such a maneuver from the crossroad. See the MUTCD, Section 2E.50, Wrong
Way Traffic Control at Interchange Ramps.
17. Dual installations of R2-1 (Speed Limit) and W3-5 (Reduced Speed Ahead) signn
assemblies shall be required when there are more than two lanes of travel in a
single direction.
18. Milepost Markers shall be located on the right side of the roadway (in the
direction of travel). Median mounted milepost markers are only allowed as
directed by the Authority.
19. With the exception of single lane entrance ramps, merge signing is required in
accordance with FDOT Index 17346, sheet 5 of 13, for all lane drop
configurations. In many cases, the roadway geometry does not allow for proper
spacing of the necessary signs. A minimum of two sign assemblies, W4-2 and
W9-1, shall be required.
6-3
20. On two-lane entrance ramps, lane drop signing shall be required for the second
ramp lane merge into mainline traffic.
21. If a lane drop occurs downstream (in the direction of travel) of an intersection,
every effort shall be made to avoid locating merge signing in advance of the
intersection.
22. Begin/End system signs shall be located at the jurisdictional boundary when an
Authority facility meets a "Freeway" type facility governed by another agency.
See the conceptual details in Appendix A.
23. Signs of dissimilar shape shall not be mounted back to back. For example, a Stop
sign shall not be mounted back to back on the same post behind a Do Not Enter
sign.
24. Exit Warning Speed (W13-2) and Ramp Warning Speed (W13-3) signs are to be
used on exit ramps except when the ramp has the same design speed as the
mainline. The W13-2 sign shall be used when the design speed at the exit gore is
50 mph. The W13-3 sign shall be used on ramps when the design speed at the
exit gore is less than 50 mph.
25. A special curve warning sign shall be installed on all loop-ramps. The
recommended speed limit shall be included within the main body of the panel,
i.e., no advisory speed plaque. The Section Engineer shall determine the
appropriate speed, review and revise the conceptual detail in Appendix A andd
include in plans.
26. Installing and covering permanent standard sign panels shall not be allowed
without the approval of the Authority prior to installation.
27. Signs W11-2 and W16-7p shall be specified at all crosswalks traversing free flow
right turn lanes at ramp/cross street intersections.
B. Route Markers
In addition to standard criteria in the manuals listed in Chapter 2, route marker assemblies shall
also adhere to the following:
6-4
1. Mainline Post-interchange Route Confirmation Markers shall be single post--

mmounted assemblies. The toll shield shall be 48" x 60". The configuration of
mainline Post-interchange Route Confirmation Markers shall conform to the
conceptual detail in Appendix A. The Section Engineer shall review and revise
the conceptual detail and include in plans. Note that structural engineering
tasks are required. Pay item number 700-40-5, Single-Post Route Confirmation
Marker (Special), shall be used.
2. Toll shields for Route Markers along interchanging approach roadways shall
conform to the following sizes:
a. Major crossroads: 36"x 48".
b. Minor crossroads: 24"x 30".
3. On existing facilities, some portions of the existing route marker assemblies may
be used with the following stipulations. The Section Engineer shall verify:
a. Compatibility of size and color with new shields.
b. Existing physical condition for continued use.
c. And if existing post(s) will meet current design criteria for proposed
assembly arrangement.
4. The configuration of Junction assemblies on interchanging crossroads shall

conform to the conceptual detail in Appendix A.
5. There are five Authority logos shown in the conceptual details in Appendix A.
They shall be used as follows:
a. Logo (L-1), Mainline Post - Interchange Route Marker.
b. Logo (L-2), Bridge mounted (Crossroads) and Crossroad Junction

Assembly with 36" x 48" toll shield.
c. Logo (L-3), Crossroad Junction Assembly with 24" x 30" toll shield..
6-5
d. Logo (L-4), Begin/End System signs.
e. Logo (L-5), Toll Plaza parking lot signs.
6. All panels on a route marker assembly positioned above the route shield (toll or
otherwise) shall be the same width as the route shield, (i.e. TO, JCT, NORTH,
SOUTH, EAST, WEST, etc.) When the size requirements do not match
standards, special details shall be included in the Guide Sign Worksheets. The
special design auxiliary panels shall be designated using an "X" or "XX" after the
standard code. Conceptual details in tabular format are included in Appendix A.
The Section Engineer shall review and revise as necessary. Only those auxiliary
panels specific to the project are to be shown in the plans.
7. Panels positioned below the route shield (toll or otherwise) shall remain standard,
(i.e., M6-1, M6-2, M6-3, etc.) unless directed otherwise.
8. Panels on a route marker assembly shall be "pictured" on the plan view sheets in
the same configuration as they are to be installed on the post(s).
C. Exit Gore Signs
1. Exit gore signs shall be E5-1a as detailed in the SHS with the following
exception:
The Authority prefers special panel designs to be used at loop ramps.

Conceptual details of signs E5-1ab and E5-1ac are in Appendix A. It is
the Section Engineer’s responsibility to review and revise as necessary
such that panels are project specific.
2. All exit gore panels, regardless of exit number, shall be 6'x 5'and shall be
mounted on a single post per FDOT criteria.
D. Structural Issues
1. Section Engineer shall prepare special details for signs requiring installation on
barrier walls, noise walls, etc. Special details shall be included in the Signing and
Pavement Marking plans.
6-6
2. Section Engineer shall provide required structural design and details for single
post mounted route markers as identified on conceptual detail Sheet 7 in
Appendix A.
6-7
CHAPTER 7
PAVEMENT MARKINGS
Pavement Marking Plans shall be prepared in accordance with the applicable conceptual details
in Appendix A, the most current FDOT Plans Preparation Manual, the FDOT Standard Index and
the latest edition of the MUTCD. The criteria contained in this chapter will apply to Mainline as
well as Interchanging Crossroads.
A. General Criteria
1. Close coordination between roadway construction plans and pavement marking

plans shall be required. Proposed pavement markings shall extend through the
entire limits of construction. This is particularly important when construction
plans contain a combination of new roadway construction, widening and/or
milling and resurfacing activities.
2. Resurfacing is the preferred method for obliterating existing pavement markings

when necessary. Where resurfacing is not practical, water blasting or grinding
should be considered. Method of pavement marking removal shall be approved
by the Authority.
3. Final locations of pavement markings near the roadway construction project limits
shall be coordinated and agreed upon with the adjacent Section Engineers.
4. When a toll plaza is included within the roadway construction limits but is under a
separate contract, the Authority will advise each Section Engineer which plaza
specific markings are to be included in each plan set.
5. The Authority prefers to use specific pavement marking materials, RPMs, and
delineators (both roadside and surface mounted) that vary from the FDOT
standards (see Chapter 10, General Notes for Signing and Pavement Marking
Plans). The Authority’s GEC will provide all Special Provisions as needed.
6. Test applications of additional and/or alternate pavement marking, delineator

and/or RPM materials may also be included within the project limits.
7-1
7. The Section Engineer is responsible for researching and adhering to any pavement
marking criteria of other agencies when pavement markings are proposed on
facilities over which the Authority does not have jurisdiction (i.e. interchanging
roadways). A copy of said criteria shall be provided to the Authority’s GEC prior
to the 90% submittal..
8. Turning Vehicle Templates or a computerized equal for the geometric design

vehicle shall be used at all intersections to:
a. Verify that stop bars are properly placed relative to turning movements.
b. Check all left and right turn movements for conflicts with physical
features such as median noses, traffic separators and curb returns.
c. Establish the correct location and radii for dotted guide lines between dual
turning movements.
If adjustments to the roadway features or to the stop bar locations are necessary,
the Section Engineer is responsible for coordination between the Pavement
Marking, Roadway and Traffic Signal disciplines.
9. Consideration should be given to using a temporary pavement marking material

and temporary RPMs for the following conditions.
a. Overlapping limits of construction between separate projects. The "last"

project under construction should include the removal of the temporary
pavement markings and installation of the "final" pavement marking
design and materials through the overlapped areas.
b. Projects with staged construction, which require restriping within 12

months.
However, documentation addressing the durability and warranty for the specified
temporary materials shall be provided to the Authority for approval prior to
inclusion in the plans. Temporary pavement marking materials shall be specified
for no longer than 12 months maximum.
7-2
B. Specific Criteria
Pavement Marking Plans shall also adhere to the following criteria specific to the Authority.
However, the Section Engineer is reminded that any criteria contained in this chapter relative to
intersecting crossroad striping shall not take precedence over established criteria of the
governing agency for the crossroad.
1. 3M Company Stamark Preformed Patterned Retroreflective Pavement Marking

Tape, Series 380I is to be specified for all solid lane lines, edge lines, skip
striping, E-PASS ONLY 35 MPH pavement messages and gore markings on
asphalt and concrete pavement on facilities within the Authority’s jurisdiction.
2. Use the following pay item numbers for PPRT material::
711-3P: Pavement Messages (PPRT) (EPASS ONLY) EA

711-31-9P: Skip Traffic Stripe (PPRT), 9" Contrast GM
711-33-9P: Skip Traffic Stripe (PPRT), 9" Contrast LF
711-33-12P: Skip Traffic Stripe (PPRT), 12" White (3'-12'
) LF
*711-35-aaaP: Solid Traffic Stripe (PPRT), White LF
*711-36-aaaP: Solid Traffic Stripe (PPRT), Yellow LF
*711-37-aaaP: Solid Traffic Stripe (PPRT), White NM
*711-38-aaaP: Solid Traffic Stripe (PPRT), Yellow NM
711-39-9P: Solid Traffic Stripe (PPRT), 9" Contrast NM
711-40-9P: Solid Traffic Stripe (PPRT), 9" Contrast LF
*Code aaa to match criteria in the FDOT Basis of Estimates Manual.
3. Stop bars, crosswalks, standard pavement messages and directional arrows shall
be thermoplastic.
4. 9" Contrast (3M Company Stamark PPRT Series 380I, white and black material)
shall be specified for all solid lane lines, skip striping and white edge of pavement
lines within the Authority’s jurisdiction.
5. Wrong Way pavement arrows shall not be interspaced with lane use directional
arrows at ramp terminals. Wrong Way arrows shall be positioned, when
appropriate, in advance (in the direction of travel) of the lane, use directional
arrow farthest from the stop bar.
7-3
6. Raised Pavement Markers (RPMs) shall be installed along the entire length of the
project in accordance with the FDOT Standard Index with the following
exception:
a. RPMs at 40' on center (OC) shall continue through the begin/end

acceleration and deceleration lane edge line tapers along the crossroads at
ramp terminals.
7. The use of RPMs along designated bike lanes shall adhere to the policy of the
applicable governing agency.
8. RPMs are not to be placed along roadways with barrier type curb and gutter.
9. RPMs shall be placed through exit ramp recovery area striping.
10. Roadside delineators shall be installed on all interchange ramps in accordance

with the following criteria and FDOT Index 17345:
At Mainline ramp termini:
a. For Normal Tapered Exit and Exit Only Ramps: 40'OC from the
Beginning of the Transition (Taper) to the physical gore or to the PC if
applicable. 300'OC to the crossroad termini.
b. For Normal Tapered Entrance Ramps: 40'OC from the PC if applicable

to the End of the Transition (Taper). 300'OC to the crossroad termini.
c. For Normal Tapered Entrance Ramps with Added (Auxiliary) Lane: 300'
OC from the crossroad termini to the physical gore or the PC if applicable.
40'OC from the physical gore or the PC if applicable to the theoretical
gore.
d. For Parallel Entrance and Exit Ramps: 40'OC from the Begin/End of the
Transition (Taper) to the point of full width acceleration/deceleration lane.
300'OC through the full length of the acceleration/deceleration lane. 40'
OC from the theoretical gore to the physical gore or the PC if applicable.
300'OC from the physical gore or the PC if applicable to the crossroad
terminus.
7-4
When the ramp geometry consists of a very long curve or a series of curves, the
PC point referenced in the above criterion shall mean 200'from the physical gore
(on the ramp).
At Crossroad ramp termini:
a. For Tapered Exit Ramps: 40'OC from the beginning of the Return or
Curb Return to the end of the Transition (Taper).
b. For Tapered Entrance Ramps: 40' OC from the Beginning of the

Transition (Taper) through the limits of the Return or Curb Return.
c. For Parallel Entrance and Exit Ramps: 40'OC from the Begin/End of the
Transition (Taper) to the point of full width acceleration/deceleration lane.
300'OC through the full length of the acceleration/deceleration lane. 40'
OC through the limits of the Return or Curb Return.
When the Return or Curb Return radius is small, the 40'OC spacing shall extend
to a point 100'up ramp from the PC/PT.
Delineator placement along Loop Ramps shall follow the above criterion at the
ramp termini. Single amber delineators shall be installed for the full length of the
ramp in accordance with FDOT Index 17345.
11. When a through lane (auxiliary or mainline) becomes an exit only lane, RPMs and
delineators shall begin (in direction of travel) adjacent to the beginning of the 12"
solid white stripe.
12. In order to maintain historical pricing data for surface mounted delineators, use
the following pay item number:
705-71A: Surface Mounted Delineator (Flexible) (Flexstake) EA
13. Lane line striping in parallel acceleration and deceleration lanes shall adhere to
the criteria in FDOT Index 17345, sheet 3 of 4 with the following clarifications
(See Appendix A):
a. 8" solid white for one fourth the length of the full width
acceleration/deceleration lane as measured from the theoretical gore.
7-5
b. 9" contrast skip stripe from end of 8" solid white to 300'in advance of
taper (subject to adjustment by the Authority on a per case basis.)
14. When designing pavement markings for a "lane drop", the minimum length of the
skip striping should not exceed 1/4 of the distance from the W4-2 sign location to
the beginning of the pavement or striping taper (see MUTCD, Figure 3B-12,
Section 3B.09). A minimum of 2 sets of Merge Arrows and Pavement Messages
shall be shown. A Merge arrow and pavement message shall not be located
beyond (in the direction of travel) the beginning of the pavement or striping taper,
(i.e. in a location having less than the full merging lane width).
15. The length of solid lane lines for through movements approaching a stop bar shall
be a minimum of 200'whenever possible.
16. Solid left turn lane lines shall begin in accordance to the criteria in FDOT Index
17346, 8 of 13, for stop conditions with or without stop control. Solid right turn
lane lines shall begin in accordance to the criteria in FDOT Index 17346, 8 of 13,
when under stop control, free flow or yield conditions.
17. Crosswalks shall be installed only at signalized intersections and intersections

within school zones. An engineering study should be performed prior to
proposing crosswalks at other locations. All crosswalks installed within the
Authority’s jurisdiction shall be special emphasis. If crosswalks are proposed on
facilities outside the Authority’s jurisdiction, it is the responsibility of the Section
Engineer to verify the preferred type, i.e., standard or special emphasis, with the
governing agency.
18. The following types of pavement markings shall not extend through crosswalk
areas: channelization islands, striped median extensions, 18" diagonals and edge
lines delineating "striped out" areas of pavement, etc. Crosswalk markings take
priority.
19. Dotted guide lines shall be provided at all intersections with dual left turn lanes
and for single left turns on heavily skewed angles. Dotted guide lines may also be
provided for through movements on heavily skewed angles.
7-6
20. Specific pavement marking treatments have been developed by the Authority for
use on auxiliary lanes, lane drops and two lane exits. Each application is
illustrated in Appendix A.
21. Gore striping (18") shall not extend into the paved gore or paved shoulder areas.
7-7
CHAPTER 8
TABULATION SHEETS
A. General Requirements
Tabulation sheets shall be prepared in accordance with the most current FDOT Plans Preparation
Manual. In addition, the Tabulation Sheets shall adhere to the following:
1. The national code and size shall not be listed for single and multi-post assembly
components to be paid under item numbers 700-40-XXA or 700-41-XAA. This
information shall be shown only on the Plan View Sheets.
2. Unique structure numbers, OT-X, OC-X, GM-X or BM-X, shall be shown in the
applicable pay item description, including 700-41-XAA.
3. The sign panel numbers associated with each unique structure number are not
required.
4. The pay item descriptions for signing shall follow the Basis of Estimates protocol
with the exception of adding the structure number. For example, 700-40-1 shall
read Sign Single Post (Less than 12); 700-44-054 shall read Sign Lighted
Overhead Truss (81-100) (301-400) OT-X.
5. The minimum font size allowed on tabulation sheets shall meet the “desired”
English criteria for B-size plans (11" x 17") as specified in the FDOT Cadd P
Production Handbook.
8-1
CHAPTER 9
GENERAL NOTES AND PAY ITEM NOTES

FOR SIGNING AND PAVEMENT MARKING PLANS
There are numerous general notes and pay item notes specifically for use in plans developed for
the Authority (see Appendix A). All notes are not applicable to all projects. The Section
Engineer shall only include those notes that are appropriate and/or add additional notes as
necessary to meet project specific requirements. Unless directed otherwise, for those notes not
used, the Section Engineer shall keep the number the same and revise the note to read, “Not
Used.” General Notes may be shown on a separate sheet or included on the Tabulation of
Quantities sheet provided all notes remain clearly legible.
Some general notes contain directions to the Section Engineer in parentheses. The Section
Engineer shall delete this portion of the note.
The minimum font size allowed on General Notes sheets shall meet the “desired” English criteria
for B-size plans (11" x 17") as specified in the FDOT Cadd Production Handbook.
9-1
CHAPTER 10
PLAN VIEW SHEETS
A. General Requirements
The plan view sheets shall be prepared in accordance with the most current FDOT Plans
Preparation Manual. In addition, the plans shall adhere to the following:
1. Plan sheets may be "stacked" and shown at a scale no smaller than 1" = 100' (11"
x 17") only if the roadway geometry is relatively simple and the signing and
pavement marking information will not appear cluttered. Otherwise, signing and
pavement marking plan sheets shall match the scale used for the roadway plan
sheets.
2. Existing topography, roadway, shoulders, guardrail, curb and gutter, etc. that will
no longer be in place one roadway construction is completed shall not be shown.
Sawcut lines through widening areas shall not be shown.
3. Intersection details shall be at a scale large enough to show the level of detail
necessary for proper installation. The minimum allowable scale for plan sheets
containing intersection details shall be 1" = 50' (11" x 17"). Plans submitted
without prior approval by the Authority’s GEC of intersection details at a scale
smaller than the allowable minimum will be rejected and will require a
resubmittal.
4. Plan sheets for cross streets shall not be inserted between plan sheets for the
mainline. The standard practice is for plan sheets to be in the following order:
mainline, ramps then cross streets.
5. The same portion of roadway should not be shown on more than one plan sheet if
possible. However, if the same portion of roadway appears on multiple plan
sheets, the signing and pavement markings shall be labeled and dimensioned on
one plan sheet only.
6. Match lines with a station and sheet reference shall be shown on each sheet.
10-1
7. The minimum font size allowed on plan view sheets shall meet the “desired”
English criteria for B-size plans (11" x 17") as specified in the FDOT Cadd
Production Handbook.
8. Plans containing an interchange with an intersecting roadway should show a "key

map" on each plan sheet. Plans containing a system to system interchange and/or
containing more than one interchange with an intersecting roadway shall show a
"key map" on each plan sheet.
9. Proposed and/or existing (to remain) roadway light pole symbols shall be shown.
Pole symbols are to be "screened" or lightened in some manner so as not to
interfere with signing or pavement marking information.
10. Station ties for physical features common to construction plans and signing and
pavement marking plans shall be shown and shall match between both plan sets.
The following geometric data is of particular importance to signing and pavement
marking design and shall be shown on each applicable plan sheet.
a. Begin and End edge of pavement and median tapers.
b. Begin and End ramp baselines.
c. Baseline to Baseline intersection equations.
d. Baseline station equations.
11. All baselines and roadways shall be labeled.
12. The centerline of toll plazas shall be shown and labeled. The centerline station
shall match the Toll Plaza Construction Plans.
13. All existing guide signs and standard signs shall be shown on the plan sheets
along with the proposed disposition (i.e. remove, relocate, etc.).
14. All station ties for signing and pavement markings shall be rounded to the nearest
half-foot.
15. A "picture" of each sign panel for guide signing and standard signing shall be
shown oriented to face the traffic for which the sign is intended. Each "picture"
10-2
shall be shown on the correct side of the roadway. If a standard sign assembly is
comprised of multiple panels, the "pictures" are to be arranged matching the
desired installation configuration.
16. Any buried or overhead utilities that potentially conflict with sign structures
(multi-post and overhead mounted) shall be shown and labeled only in the vicinity
of the sign structure. Utilities shall not be shown through the entire limits of the
signing and pavement marking project. The Authority’s Fiber Optic Network
shall be shown on all signing and pavement marking sheets throughout the project
limits.
B. Additional Guide and Standard Signing Requirements
1. A unique panel number shall be assigned to each special design panel. In

addition, a single unique structure number shall be assigned to each sign
assembly. The Authority prefers the following method of sign labeling:
a. Overhead Truss (OT-XX).
b. Overhead Cantilever (OC-XX).
c. Ground Mount (GM-XX).
d. Bridge Mount (BM-XX).
All sign panels shall be assigned a unique number 100, 101, 102, etc. For
example, one full span truss with three panels would have a structure number of
OT-XX with panels 100, 101, and 102.
2. The following information shall be shown in the vicinity of each overhead and
multi-post guide sign assembly:
a. Sign panel number(s).
b. Unique structure number.
c. Pay item number.
d. Station location.
10-3
3. The plan view sheets shall show the following information for all standard sign
assemblies, single and multi-post:
a. Size of each component panel.
b. Standard code or special design designation of each component panel.
c. Station location.
d. Pay item number.
C. Additional Pavement Marking Requirements
The pavement marking requirements specified below apply to roadway and toll plaza striping
plans:
1. All pavement markings shall be labeled on each plan view sheet with the following
information:
a. Color and width.
b. Spacing when applicable.
c. Station to station limits..
2. The following RPM information shall be shown on the plan view sheets:
a. Color and Type: Both may be specified by abbreviations such as YY,

MDW, WR, etcct., provided a legend is included in the plans.
b. Spacing.
c. Station to station limits.
3. Roadside as well as surface mounted delineators shall be labeled on each

applicable plan view sheet with the following information:
a. Color and Type: Both may be specified by abbreviations, such as

SWPMD, provided a legend is included in the plans.
10-4
b. Spacing.
c. Station to station limits.
4. If crosswalks or stop bars appear more than once per sheet, a typical (TYP) label
may be used.
5. A station tie and offset when applicable is required at the beginning of each lane
line and at each point where a lane line is changed from one striping type to
another, (i.e. a skip stripe lane line becomes a solid lane line).
6. A station tie and offset when applicable is required at all stripe line break points,
(i.e. lane lines through intersections, edge lines at crossroads, etc.).
7. A station tie and offset when applicable is required at all lane line begin and end
taper points.
8. Radii labels are required for all dotted guide lines.
9. Sufficient information shall be provided for all channelization islands to enable

proper installation. Radii, station ties, offsets and lane width dimensions shall be
shown for all sides of the island. If a radius is too large to be practical for field
application, sufficient dimensions shall be provided to ensure the lane width
remains uniform.
10. All lane widths shall be dimensioned. Total pavement width in lieu of individual
lane widths shall not be shown. Lane width dimensions shall be shown at each
end of the plan sheet, at the beginning of each stripe line and at all stripe line
break points.
11. A typical spacing for 18" white and yellow diagonal striping and painted gore
striping shall be shown at each location.
12. When multiple types of pavement marking materials are to be used on a single
plan sheet, the limits of application of each type of material shall be clearly
defined on each applicable sheet.
10-5
CHAPTER 11
GUIDE SIGN WORKSHEETS
A. The preferred format for Guide Sign Worksheets is four (4) panels per sheet. Total word
lengths rather than individual letter spacing should be shown. In addition, route shields
and directional or lane assignment arrows should be shown in the horizontal copy spacing
on the same line as the associated word copy. Route shields, arrows and any other
special symbols should not be sized and located using X and Y dimensions.
B. The minimum font size allowed on worksheets shall meet the “desired” English criteria
for B-size plans (11" x 17") as specified in the FDOT Cadd Production Handbook.
C. Each line of copy shall appear on the same line in the horizontal copy spacing portion of
the panel layout design regardless of ANY computer program default format. No
exceptions to this criteria shall be allowed.
D. The horizontal and vertical dimensions used when the panel contains a slanted arrow are
the dimensions of the square or rectangular "area" required for the arrow. The actual size
of the arrow from tip to tail (length) and barb to barb (width) shall be noted. For
example, using a 45 degree arrow in conjunction with 16"/12" EM destination copy, both
the horizontal and vertical dimensions used in the panel layout will be 27.5". However,
the actual length of the arrow is 35" and the width is 22.25". A note shall be added to
each applicable panel detail “Arrow size: 35" x 22.25", 45º”.
E. The size of slanted arrows is relative to the size of the copy on the panel. The Section
Engineer shall specify the appropriate size as found in the Standard Highway Signs
Manual.
F. All special design arrows shall be fully detailed for correct fabrication.
G. The following note shall appear on each sheet: Width - horizontal spacing dimensions
are in inches. End dimensions include border width and margin.
H. Panel numbers shall be listed in the title block of each sheet.
11-1
I. If a panel contains a horizontal or vertical divisional line separating two background

colors, the divisional line shall be shown separately (i.e., not combined with the space
above, below or on each side) in the vertical and horizontal copy spacing.
J. Each copy series shall be labeled on each panel design. This information may either
appear in the horizontal or vertical copy spacing or noted in the sign graphic area.
K. The overall height and width of fractions shall be shown in the vertical dimensions and
horizontal copy spacing.
L. The following notes shall appear on each applicable panel detail. It is the responsibility
of the Section Engineer to include the appropriate dimensions.
1. Black 30" x 30" airplane symbol shall be centered within 34" x 34" white
background. Airport symbol shall not have a border and background shall have
square corners.
2. Panel has been designed to accommodate future copy.
3. Horizontal spacing between white letters on green and/or blue background has
been increased by 15%.
4. Diameter of the period shall be XX.X" minimum.
5. Vertical and horizontal dimensions shown for FTP-18-04 are the size of the
yellow rectangular background. The FTP-18-04 shield shall be XX" x XX".
6. Using "Int'l" in 16"/12" EM as an example: The space between the "t" and "l"
shall equal 16 inches including the apostrophe.
7. Whole numbers and fractions shall be vertically centered about the widest of
each. (Section Engineer: This note applies to interchange sequence and
distance signs.)
8. Length of hyphen to be XX".
11-2
CHAPTER 12
GUIDE SIGN CROSS SECTIONS
See Appendix A for examples of typical cross sections for both full span trusses and cantilever
sign structures. The following is a list of the Authority’s specific criteria for use in developing
guide sign cross sections. The term “controlling element” as it relates to horizontal clearance
from a roadway is defined as the edge of travel, the face of guardrail, the face of barrier wall or
the face of curb (barrier type only.)
A. Cross sections for multi-post ground mounted guide signs are optional unless required
due to unusual roadway design characteristics. However, the offset from the edge of
travel and support design data (i.e., column size and estimated average length) is required
for ALL multi-post signs including crossroad street name signs and route marker
assemblies. Required information should be included on the worksheet detail for special
design panels depending on the sheet format. A typical section detail with tabular data
specific to each sign may also be used for all multi-post assemblies included in the plans.
B. Cross sections shall be required for all overhead sign structures.
C. The scale shall be 1" = 10'vertically and 1" = 20'horizontally (11" x 17"). Any proposed
variation from the preferred scale shall be approved prior to cross section sheet
production.
D. The minimum font size allowed on cross section sheets shall meet the “desired” Englishh
criteria for B-size plans (11" x 17") as specified in the FDOT Cadd Production
Handbook.
E. Cross sections for overhead structures shall be drawn to accurately depict center
justification about the cross member of both the initial and future main panel(s) (i.e.,
exclusive of auxiliary panels). A single line shall be shown representing the centerline of
the truss with the label “C/L Truss & C/L Panel(s) XX”. The Section Engineer is to
include the correct panel number(s).
F. Two lines shall be shown representing the diameter of the upright. The line closest to the
roadway element that controls the horizontal offset shall be labeled Front of Support.
12-1
G. When the upright is located between the mainline and a ramp, frontage road, etc., the
horizontal clearance shall be shown to the front of the support from the mainline and to
the back of support from the other facility. The horizontal clearances shall be measured
from the controlling element of roadway.
H. Cross sections shall be plotted in accordance with the following:
1. Cantilever structures: in the direction facing the panel(s).
2. Span structures with static panel(s) over both directions of travel: in the direction
of stationing.
3. Span structures with static panel(s) over one direction of travel: in direction
facing the panel(s)
4. Span structures with DMS components: in direction facing DMS regardless of

stationing.
I. The roadway portion of the cross section for all full span structures shall be fully
dimensioned. However, individual shoulder widths need not be specified. For example,
the total width of a median may be shown from edge of travel to edge of travel. The
dimension shown from each Front of Support shall be to the element controlling the
horizontal clearance. All dimensions shall be in feet and inches. No exceptions shall
be allowed.
J. For full span structures, the truss shall be fully dimensioned from Front to Front of
support, including all sign panels and all spaces between panels. No exceptions shall be
allowed.
K. For full span structures, the total roadway and truss dimensions from Front to Front of
supports shall be equal.
L. The only roadway dimension to be shown for a cantilever structure shall be the
dimension from the Front of Support to the element controlling the horizontal clearance..
The plans shall not show any other means of horizontally locating the structure other than
from the element controlling the clearance.
M. For cantilever structures, the distance from the Front of Support to the near edge of panel
shall be shown.
12-2
N. If the sign structure is located within an area where the travel lanes cannot be clearly
determined by the overall roadway width dimension (i.e., through lane shifts, pavement
marking tapers, striped gores, etc.), the location of the travel lane(s) shall be shown. This
is particularly important when the guide signing is lane specific.
O. All sign panels, including auxiliary panels, shall be fully dimensioned.
P. Additional information shall be required as follows:
1. All underground utilities, existing and proposed/relocated (Fiber Optic Network

plans and Utility Adjustment plans shall be used).
2. Overhead utilities that may impact construction.
3. Right-of-way and fence locations if within the vicinity of the sign panel or
support (very important on crossroads).
4. Guardrail.
5. Barrier and/or Sound walls.
Q. If the sign assembly is located between two roadway facilities (i.e., mainline and ramp,
mainline and frontage road, ramp and frontage road, etc.) clear zone distances shall be
shown for both facilities. A dimension shall be shown from the Front and the Back of the
Support to the element controlling the horizontal clearance for each roadway.
R. The Section Engineer shall clearly identify on the sign structure cross section what panel
sizes the truss shall ultimately accommodate as well as the panels required at initial
and/or interim installation(s).
S. The unique structure number(s) shall be shown in each title block.
T. A note shall be added to each cross section for span structures containing toll plaza
related DMS sign components reading as follows: The DMS sign shall be mounted to the
front vertical plane of the truss tri-chord. Note does not apply and shall not be added
when the truss contains a DMS in both directions of travel.
12-3
U. The elevation shall be provided at the point on the roadway from which the vertical
clearance is measured. If the vertical clearance is based on future widening, an
approximate elevation shall be shown to the nearest tenth of a foot.
V. A graphic representation of each sign panel shall be shown on the cross section sheet. If
there is more than one cross section per sheet, the graphic shall be located near the
structure on which the sign will be mounted. The graphic shall be drawn in the direction
facing the panel and the corresponding sign number shall be shown near the graphic.
12-4
CHAPTER 13
TOLL PLAZA SIGNING
A. Introduction
Signing criteria has been developed to accommodate the varying operations at mainline and
ramp toll plazas. Mainline plaza types include conventional and express (or Open Road) toll
plazas. Ramp plazas may be one or two lanes and typically include a manned or ACM lane to
the left and a dedicated E-PASS lane to the right.
A conventional mainline toll plaza typically includes manual lanes, automatic coin machines
(ACM) lanes and dedicated E-PASS lanes. If the toll is $1.00 or greater there will not be any
ACM lanes. In a conventional plaza all vehicles pass through the canopy structure with signs on
the approach face of the canopy identifying the type of toll collection lane.
An express or open road toll plaza is designed such that the E-PASS lanes in both directions of
travel continue as an uninterrupted through movement along the mainline while the cash
customers are diverted to a canopied toll plaza for each direction of travel.
The Authority has developed basic standards for approach, departure, canopy and island signing
for both types of mainline plazas as well as for ramp plazas. The roadway configuration,
geometry, the plaza operation (i.e., if conventional, physical location of dedicated E-PASS lanes,
etc.) and the proximity of entrance and/or exit ramps are major factors in determining the
appropriate signing and pavement marking plan. Generic signing and pavement marking
standards for each type of toll plaza are included in Appendix A.
Approach signing for mainline and ramp toll plazas will be included in the overall Roadway CSP
prepared by the GEC. As with all roadway guide signing, the Section Engineer will be
responsible for adjusting the locations of overhead structures based on the final roadway design.
Standard toll plaza related panel designs have been developed for use throughout the Authority’s
system. Conceptual details are included in Appendix A for review, revision as necessary and
insertion into the plans. Only panels specific to the project are to be included in the plans.
Conceptual details for new panel design(s) relative to toll plazas will be provided by the GEC to
the Section Engineer.
13-1
If the CSP specifies a panel that is slightly different from a detail in Appendix A, the Section
Engineer may use the applicable panel size shown in these details for the structural design (does
not apply to DMS). The Section Engineer shall confirm that the selected panels are appropriate
prior to beginning design activities.
B. General Signing Criteria
The following criteria is a listing of common elements the Authority has developed in an effort
to make mainline toll plaza signing as consistent as possible throughout the system. It is the
Section Engineer’s responsibility to adapt these criteria to project specific needs. However, any
adjustment to the basic signing standards shall first be approved by the Authority.
1. All major advance signing for mainline toll facilities shall be mounted overhead.
2. When the toll amount is one dollar or greater, the dollar symbol ($) shall be used
only on the one mile advance sign. Any other sign displaying the toll amount(s)
shall not contain the dollar symbol ($).
3. Merge warning signs shall be specified for traffic departing the toll plaza.
4. A route confirmation marker and a speed limit sign shall be specified for traffic
departing a mainline toll plaza. The locations for both assemblies shall generally
follow "Post Interchange Signing" criteria as stated in the MUTCD. The signs
should be located using the point at which all merge movements have been
completed.
5. There are various multi-post toll plaza specific signs that the Authority has
installed at some but not all of the existing toll facilities, i.e. E-PASS Left Lane,
Toll Violator information, Prepaid Toll information, etc. The Authority will
determine the need for these particular signs on a per case basis.
6. The Authority will determine if the existing mainline toll plaza parking lot signs
are to be replaced on a per case basis. If replacement is required, the Section
Engineer shall include all necessary details in the Roadway Signing and Pavement
Marking Plans.
7. EXACT COINS signs shall not be specified in plans when the toll amount is one
dollar ($1.00) or more.
13-2
C. Signing for Conventional Toll Plazas
Unless directed otherwise, the Section Engineer shall apply the following criteria to conventional
toll plazas.
1. Proposed structure locations approaching a conventional toll plaza shall be

measured from the centerline of the toll plaza.
2. The major overhead advance signs for a conventional toll plaza are as follows:
a. TOLL PLAZA 1 MILE CARS 2 – AXLE $X.XX. (Note: The dollar

symbol ($) is not to be used when the toll amount is less than one dollar.)
b. E-PASS ONLY, CHANGE / RECEIPTS and EXACT COINS at ½ mile

(three panels on a single assembly).
c. TOLL PLAZA REDUCE SPEED located between 900 and 1000 feet.
3. Required ground mounted signing shall be located per the following criteria:
a. TOLL SCHEDULE, multi-post located between 150 feet and 300 feet.
b. EXACT COINS .XX, multi-post located between 600 feet and 800 feet.
c. WIDE LOAD KEEP RIGHT, single post between the EXACT COINS
and the TOLL SCHEDULE assemblies.
4. Overhead and/or ground mounted EXACT COINS signs shall not be used if the
toll rate is $1.00 or greater.
D. Signing for Express (Open Road) Toll Plazas
1. Proposed advance structure locations shall be measured from the centerline of the
toll plaza.
2. Diagrammatic sign panels at the ½ mile and theoretical gore locations for the
advance toll plaza signage are configured as shown in Appendix A and as listed
below. Conceptual designs for the diagrammatic panels are provided with thiss
13-3
document. However, it is the Section Engineer’s responsibility to review and

revise as necessary prior to including the plans.
3. The major overhead advance signs for an express (open road) toll plaza are as
follows:
a. PREPAID TOLLS ONLY E-PASS KEEP LEFT and TOLL PLAZA 1

MILE.
b. PREPAID TOLLS ONLY E-PASS with Dynamic Message Sign (DMS)

and diagrammatic at ½ mile.
c. PREPAID TOLLS ONLY E-PASS with DMS and diagrammatic at the

theoretical gore separating the E-PASS express lanes from the cash toll
plaza lanes.
d. STOP AHEAD PAY TOLL located 500'to 700'from the centerline of the
toll plaza adjacent to cash lanes.
4. A multi-post ground mounted TOLL SCHEDULE sign is required for the cash
toll plaza. The preferred location is 150'to 300'from the centerline of the plaza.
5. A single post ground mounted WIDE LOAD KEEP RIGHT sign is required for
the cash toll plaza. The location varies but should generally be 150'to 200'
beyond (in direction of travel) the STOP AHEAD PAY TOLL overhead
assembly.
6. Special DO NOT STOP signs shall be mounted in the median between the
express E-PASS lanes and the plaza lanes. Two single post assemblies are
required in each direction of travel. The locations vary; however, in general the
primary assembly shall be located just in advance of the toll gantry. The
secondary assembly should be placed 400'to 500'from the primary assembly,
depending on other roadway elements.
E. Ramp Toll Plaza Signing Criteria
As with mainline toll plazas, the Authority has developed standard approach signing for ramp
toll facilities in an effort to make ramp plaza signing uniform throughout the system. The
following criteria illustrate the common elements. It is the Section Engineer’s responsibility to
13-4
adapt these criteria to project specific needs. However, any adjustment to the basic signing
standards shall first be approved by the Authority. A generic signing plan for two lane exit and
entrance ramps with a dedicated E-PASS lane is included in Appendix A.
1. All entrance ramps shall have either one or two multi-post assemblies reading
RAMP TOLL ALL VEHICLES .XX. Sign(s) shall be installed near the ramp
terminus with the cross street.
2. Single and dual lane entrance and exit ramps may require a single post mounted
REDUCE SPEED sign depending on the distance from the ramp terminus to the
toll plaza. Dual installations are required on multi-lane ramps when applicable.
3. A PAY TOLL auxiliary panel shall be included on the REDUCE SPEED

assembly when the ramp remains a single lane through the toll plaza. The PAY
TOLL panel shall not be included on ramps with a dedicated E-PASS lane.
4. The following multi-post signs shall be used on multi-lane entrance and exit
ramps only when the sight distance to canopy or truss mounted signs is limited,
i.e., loop ramp, overpassing bridge, etc. and only as directed by the Authority:
a. E-PASS ONLY KEEP RIGHT
b. CASH LANE .XX KEEP LEFT
These assemblies shall be located opposite each other, i.e., adjacent to the
applicable lanes, and in advance of (in direction of travel) the roadway feature
impacting sight distance.
5. Multi-lane ramp toll plazas with a dedicated E-PASS lane shall require merge
signing (W4-2) for traffic departing the plaza. Two single W4-2 (right lane drop)
or two sets of W4-2 (left lane drop) assemblies are to be specified when possible.
F. Canopy Signing for Mainline and Ramp Toll Plazas
The Authority uses a combination of canopy signing that consists of static (fixed) panels and
changeable message signs (CMS) on mainline and ramp facilities depending on the plaza lane
configuration and/or toll collection operation. At mainline toll plazas, the static signs and CMS
will be mounted to the canopy fascia. However, at ramp toll facilities, the signing will be
mounted on a sign truss. Canopy signing is generally included as part of the Toll Plaza plans.
13-5
However, the Authority may direct that the canopy signing be included in the Roadway Signing
and Pavement Marking plans. In either case, the Authority will determine the type(s) of panels
to be installed at each plaza and will advise the Section Engineer accordingly.
A CARS ONLY supplementary panel shall only be used in conjunction with the EXACT COINS
static panel. It is to be mounted below the canopy fascia. The top of the panel is to be
approximately two (2) inches from the bottom of the canopy fascia and a minimum of 15'
-10"
from the roadway. The Section Engineer shall include mounting details in the plans.
All canopy signs, regardless of type or mounting location, will be 12' -0" x 5'-0". The CARS
ONLY supplementary panel will be 9' -6" x 1'-6". Conceptual designs for all applicable panels
are provided with this document. However, it is the Section Engineer’s responsibility to review
and revise as necessary prior to including the panels.
G. Island Signing for Mainline and Ramp Toll Plazas
There are three (3) standard signs installed on the barrier islands within a toll plaza. In addition,
there is one (1) standard sign installed on the same post as the traffic signal and the electronic toll
indicator. Each panel listed below shall be installed as viewed in the direction of travel. A
generic detail showing the location of island signs is included in Appendix A.
1. WATCH FOR PEDESTRIANS mounted flush on the gator head (face) of all
islands regardless of toll collection operation.
2. PAY TOLL mounted flush on the gator head (face) of barrier islands for cash lane
operations. Sign shall be mounted above the WATCH FOR PEDESTRIANS
panel.
3. STAY IN VEHICLE mounted either on the manned booth (MB) above each coin
basket or on the automatic coin machine (ACM) when the island does not have a
booth.
4. WAIT FOR GREEN mounted on the same post with the traffic signal and the
electronic toll indicator. The WAIT FOR GREEN sign shall not be installed on
islands for dedicated E-PASS lane operation
There are additional panels installed on the barrier islands depending on the overall design of the
toll plaza. The need for these particular signs will be determined by the Authority on a per case
basis.
13-6
1. A toll attendant warning sign (Sign TA-1 located in Appendix A) for use by toll
attendants when crossing from one island to another. These panels are placed at
strategic locations throughout the plaza for optimum visibility by the attendants.
They are generally mounted flush to the islands and/or inside the stairwell when
applicable. Sign TA-1 shall also be specified as a single post mounted assembly
located in the vicinity of the crossing from the Administration Building to the
nearest island. The sign shall be oriented such that it is clearly visible by the
pedestrian yet does not obstruct the pedestrian’s view of oncoming traffic.
2. DO NOT STOP PROCEED AHEAD (Sign 504 located in Appendix A) is used at

all full time dedicated E-PASS lanes in an effort to prevent customers from
stopping or making an unsafe maneuver. The panels are generally single post
assemblies mounted to the top of the barrier island or slab. In some cases they are
mounted directly to the side of a booth in place of a coin basket.
As with canopy signing, toll island signing is generally included in the Toll Plaza plans.
However, occasionally this signing activity is incorporated into the Roadway Signing and
Pavement Marking plans. In either case, conceptual designs for all applicable panels are
provided with this document. However, it is the Section Engineer’s responsibility to review and
revise as necessary prior to including the plans.
13-7
CHAPTER 14
TOLL PLAZA PAVEMENT MARKINGS
A. Introduction
In order to help guide the toll plaza customer into the proper lane, it is essential that pavement
markings in and around toll facilities be designed as uniformly as possible throughout the
system. Typical pavement marking "footprints" or standards are included in Appendix A.
However, roadway pavement markings on the approach to and the departure from a toll facility
will vary slightly from plaza to plaza. The type and the size of the plaza, the roadway geometry,
the plaza operation and the proximity of entrance and/or exit ramps are all major factors in
determining the most effective variation of the typical "footprint" to use at a particular toll
facility. The Section Engineer is responsible for adapting the appropriate "footprint" to project
specific needs. However, all proposed adjustments to the basic standards are subject to approval
by the Authority.
In addition, the conceptual Toll Plaza Pavement Marking Details, shown in Appendix A, are
intended to aid the Section Engineer in design issues specific to the Authority’s toll facilities.
All conceptual details may not be applicable to all toll plazas. Applicable conceptual details
shall be reviewed and revised as necessary by the Section Engineer and prior to including in the
construction plans.
Toll Plaza pavement marking plans are typically included in the Roadway Signing and Pavement
Marking Plans unless directed otherwise by the Authority or the Authority’s GEC.
B. General Criteria
The criteria contained in this Chapter will apply to mainline as well as ramp toll plaza pavement
markings.
1. When toll plaza striping is divided between the roadway and the toll plaza
construction plans, the limits of the striping shall be clearly defined in each set of
plans. Coordination between the Section Engineers for both projects shall be
required. When striped gores extend beyond the plaza concrete deck, the stripedd
gore shall not be divided by the two Section Engineers. Typically, the Plaza
Section Engineer includes the entire length of the gore within their project limits.
14-1
2. The Authority will determine if the existing mainline toll plaza parking lot is to be
re-striped on a per case basis. If re-striping is required, the Section Engineer shall
include all necessary information in the Roadway Signing and Pavement Marking
Plans. All mainline parking lot striping material shall be thermoplastic.
3. The dedicated E-PASS lane shall be clearly striped as the through movement in
the departure direction from conventional non-reversible mainline toll plazas and
applicable ramp facilities. If the plaza is to operate with reversible lanes, the
dedicated E-PASS lane(s) shall be the primary through movement whenever
possible.
4. When all or part of the toll plaza pavement markings are included in the roadway
striping plans, the roadway plans shall use the same island letter designation (i.e.,
A, B, C, etc.) and the same lane number designation (i.e., Lane 12, 13, 14, etc.) as
used in the toll plaza plans. If the pavement marking plan is for an existing plaza,
the Authority’s GEC will provide the required island and lane designations.
5. E-PASS ONLY 35 MPH pavement messages shall only be installed in non-

reversible dedicated E-PASS lanes.
6. All RPMs are to be placed "inboard" of the associated lane or edge line (i.e. away
from traffic) through the limits of the concrete plaza deck.
7. RPMs along 12" solid lane lines shall be placed in double rows and specified as
such in the plans.
8. Striped gores for cash transaction lanes (mainline and ramp) shall be a total of 30'
in length and shall consist of 8" edge lines and 18" chevrons spaced at 9'on center
with Bi-Directional White/Red (WR) RPMs. Striped gores shall begin even withh
the end of the impact attenuator.
9. RPMs are not to be placed within plaza walkway areas.
C. Conventional Mainline Toll Plaza Pavement Markings
1. The skip striping approaching cash transaction lanes (Exact Coins or

Change/Receipts) shall begin/end approximately 300'from the theoretical gore of
the island pavement markings. Length may vary due to geometric constraints or
toll plaza operation (non-reversible or reversible). Each toll island should have a
14-2
defined approach lane (skip lane line) whenever possible. If not possible to
provide one lane per island, as many defined lanes as practical shall be provided.
2. The skip striping departing cash transaction lanes (Exact Coins or

Change/Receipts) shall begin/end approximately 200'from the end of the island.
Length may vary due to geometric constraints or toll plaza operation (non-
reversible or reversible). Minimal striping will be required due to merging traffic
conditions. Merge pavement arrows and messages shall be provided.
3. Pavement markings shall be used to reduce the total width of dedicated E-PASS
lanes to 10 feet from the end of the striped gore taper, in the direction approaching
the plaza, to the beginning of the taper in the departure gore. Striping (12" and
6") shall be offset from the islands and attenuators on both sides of the dedicated
E-PASS lanes to achieve the desired lane width. Offsets will vary dependent on
actual plaza geometry and shall be specified in the plans by station/offset on the
plan view or in a separate detail.
4. The length of approach striping for a dedicated E-PASS lane through a non-
reversible plaza should be as follows (in direction of travel):
a. 250 to 300 feet of 12" White 3'

-12'skip, with WR RPMs spaced at 15'on
center.
b. 100 to 150 feet of 12" Solid White with a double row of WR RPMs spaced
at 10'on center.
c. 100 feet of 12" White gore striping, as measured from the end of the
traffic attenuator, with 18" White chevrons and 48" flexible surface
mounted delineators both spaced at 9'on center. The taper from the gore
point to the full width gore shall be one half of the total length of the gore
striping.
5. The departure striping for a dedicated E-PASS lane through a non-reversible

plaza should be as follows (in direction of travel):
a. 100 feet of 12" White gore striping, as measured from the end of the
traffic attenuator, with 18" White chevrons and 48" flexible surface
mounted delineators both spaced at 9'on center.
14-3
b. 100 feet of 12" Solid White with a double row of WR RPMs and 48"
flexible delineators, both spaced at 10'on center.
6. Approach and departure striping for dedicated E-PASS lanes in toll facilities with
reversible lane operations will be a variation of the criteria as stated above.
However, all lengths specified may be considerably shorter to allow adequate
transition lengths and in some cases the 12" skip striping may be omitted. The
chevrons in the gores for islands servicing reversible lanes shall be oriented in
accordance with the predominant movement through the lanes. RPMs along
reversible lanes shall be bi-directional white..
7. At non-reversible plazas, 48" flexible surface mounted delineators shall be

specified along the 12" solid white approach and departure lane lines and within
the striped gore areas of dedicated E-PASS lanes. 48" flexible surface mounted
delineators shall also be specified in the painted median approaching and
departing the plaza. Two delineators shall be placed between each 18" diagonal
stripe in painted medians. Delineator color (white or yellow) shall match that of
the associated pavement markings. For plazas with reversible lane operation, the
applicability of flexible surface mounted delineators shall be determined on a per
case basis.
8. Reflective sheeting shall be applied to all 48" flexible surface mounted

delineators. Within non-reversible plazas, reflective sheeting shall be applied
facing traffic and color shall match associated pavement markings. Yellow
delineators within painted median areas shall have yellow reflective sheeting on
both sides. Within reversible plazas, delineators shall have reflective white
sheeting applied to both sides. Reflective sheeting requirements shall be specified
on plans or in General Notes..
9. Pavement messages for dedicated E-PASS lanes in non-reversible mainline plazas

shall be as follows:
a. A minimum of three sets required per lane. The first two sets shall read
“E-PASS ONLY”. The last set (nearest the plaza) shall read “E-PASS
ONLY 35 MPH”.
b. Spacing shall be approximately 150'as measured from the top of one set
to the bottom of the next set. The first "E-PASS ONLY" pavement
message shall begin even with the beginning of the special E-PASS
14-4
dedicated lane striping and the last set nearest the plaza shall end near the
beginning of the island gore (in direction of travel).
c. When the total length of the dedicated E-PASS lane is less than desirable,
two sets of messages may be used, one “E-PASS ONLY” and one “E-
PASS ONLY 35 MPH”.
10. In non-reversible plazas, striping around islands that separate opposing directions
of travel shall be yellow. In plazas with reversible lane operation, striping around
all islands shall be white regardless of the direction of travel.
11. The paved median area of a non-reversible plaza is striped using 6" double yellow
with 18" yellow diagonals, the spacing of the 18" diagonals shall be as follows (in
the direction of travel):
a. 20'OC from the roadway median to the beginning of the 12" solid lane
line.
b. 10'OC from the beginning of the 12" solid white lane line through the
limits of the approach traffic attenuator.
c. 10'OC from the beginning of the departure traffic attenuator through the
limits of the 12" solid lane line.
d. 20'OC from the end of the 12" solid lane line to the roadway median.
D. Express (Open Road) Toll Plaza Pavement Markings
An example of typical pavement markings for express lane toll plazas is included in Appendix A.
Key elements to be included in plans are as follows:
1. A solid lane line shall separate each of the E-PASS express lanes. The line shall
be 9" Contrast Black/White with a double row of WR RPMs, 40'C/C. Solid lane
line(s) shall begin 300'in advance of the overhead toll collection equipment (in
direction of travel) and end at the overhead equipment. See Appendix A.
2. The skip striping approaching cash lanes at an express toll plaza shall begin/end
approximately 300'from the theoretical gore of the island pavement markings.
14-5
Length may vary depending on actual geometry. Each toll island should have a
defined approach lane (skip lane line). See Appendix A.
3. There shall be only one defined lane departing the cash lanes at an express plaza
(typically the left most toll lane). The skip stripe shall begin/end approximately
200'from the end of the inside toll island, i.e., the island closest to the express
lanes. Merge pavement arrows and messages shall be provided for the remaining
lanes. In addition, right side (in direction of travel) merge striping (8"/18") may
be required depending on actual geometry. See Appendix A.
E. Ramp Toll Plaza Pavement Markings
Pavement markings for single lane ramp plazas shall follow the applicable items noted in this
chapter, under Section B, General Criteria.
The right lane of a multi-lane ramp plaza will be dedicated E-PASS. A wide range of variables
influence ramp geometry as well as the plaza location along the ramp. The following criteria
will apply in most cases; however, it is the Section Engineer’s responsibility to adjust the
pavement marking criteria to suit project specific needs.
1. Gore striping shall be 30'minimum but may be longer if space permits.
2. Special E-PASS striping is to begin approximately 150'in advance of the gore.

The first 75'(in the direction of travel) shall be 12" white 3'
-12'skip striping with
WR RPMs, 15'OC. From the end of the skip striping to the beginning of the gore
shall be 50'of 12" solid white with WR RPMs, 20'OC, double row..
3. A minimum of two "E-PASS ONLY" pavement message sets is desirable. The

minimum spacing is 50'as measured from the top of one set to the bottom of the
next. The "35 MPH" pavement message shall not be used.
4. The dedicated E-PASS lane shall be clearly marked as the through movement in
the departure direction. A minimum of two sets of merge pavement messages and
arrows are to be shown for the cash transaction lane. If space allows for skip
striping, it shall begin at the end of the barrier island. Skip striping shall not
extend to taper.
14-6
Appendix A
Conceptual Signing
and
Pavement Marking Details
OOCEA Guidelines for July 2005
APPENDIX A
Conceptual Details and Examples Sheet Number
Signing & Pavement Marking General Notes ....................................................... 1, 2

Pay Item Notes ...................................................................................................... 2
Typical Approach Signing for Mainline Toll Plaza .............................................. 3, 4
Typical Two-Lane Ramp Advance Plaza Signing ................................................ 5
Toll Plaza Island Signing and Ramp Pavement Marking...................................... 6-8
Special Design Route Marker Assemblies ........................................................... 9
Minor Crossroad Junction Assembly .................................................................... 10
Bridge Mounted Logo Installation ........................................................................ 11
Toll Route Shield (TM)......................................................................................... 12
Guide Sign Worksheet – Special Design Auxiliary Panels for Route Markers .... 13
Authority Logos L-1 thru L-5 ............................................................................... 14
Special Curve Warning Signs – Signs W1-11A, W1–15A ................................... 15
Special Exit Gore Signs – Signs E5–lab, E5–lac .................................................. 16
Guide Sign Worksheet – Roadway Guide Signs................................................... 17, 18
Guide Sign Worksheet – Toll Plaza Approach Signs ........................................... 19 - 31
Guide Sign Worksheet – CMS Canopy Sign ....................................................... 32
Guide Sign Worksheet – Static Canopy Signs ..................................................... 33
Guide Sign Worksheet – Toll Plaza Island Signs.................................................. 34, 35
Guide Sign Worksheet – Toll Plaza Parking Lot Signs ........................................ 36, 37
Sign Cross Sections – Cantilever .......................................................................... 38
Sign Cross Sections – Span Truss ......................................................................... 39
Roadway Special Pavement Marking Areas ......................................................... 40 - 42
Delineator Spacing Along Parallel Accel/Decel Lanes......................................... 43
Typical Pavement Markings Conventional Mainline Plaza .................................. 44
Typical Pavement Markings and Delineator Spacing Express Toll Plazas........... 45
Toll Plaza Special Pavement Marking Areas ........................................................ 46, 47
Toll Attendant Signing and Pavement Warning Symbol ...................................... 48
Line Of Sight For Use On Mainline...................................................................... 49
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Expressway Authority Guidelines

for Preparation of Signing

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For more information regarding OOCEA, visit on-line at

Preparation of Signing and Pavement Marking Plans

Chapter 1 Introduction........................................................................................... 1-1

Chapter 2 Standards............................................................................................... 2-1

Chapter 3 Submittals ............................................................................................. 3-1

Chapter 4 Guide Signing ....................................................................................... 4-1

Chapter 5 Sign Panel and Sign Structural Shop Drawings.................................... 5-1

Chapter 6 Standard Signing................................................................................... 6-1

Chapter 7 Pavement Markings .............................................................................. 7-1

Chapter 8 Tabulation Sheets.................................................................................. 8-1

Chapter 10 Plan View Sheets .................................................................................. 10-1

Chapter 11 Guide Sign Worksheets......................................................................... 11-1

Chapter 12 Guide Sign Cross Sections.................................................................... 12-1

Chapter 13 Toll Plaza Signing................................................................................. 13-1

Chapter 14 Toll Plaza Pavement Markings ............................................................. 14-1

Appendix A - Conceptual Details and Examples ............................................... A-1

The following Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT), American Association of State

1. FDOT Design Standards (FDOT Standard Index) including Structures Standards

3. Design related and/or economic constraints that prevent placement of overhead

a. All minimum submittal requirements are not satisfied.

1. 60% plans shall include the following:

a. Key Sheet with Index of Sheets.

• Proposed pavement markings, including RPMs, with lane widths,

2. 90% plans shall include the following:

a. 60% comments incorporated.

3. 100% plans shall include the following:

a. 90% comments incorporated.

It will be the Section Engineer'

a. Correct placement of supplemental guide signing.

b. Correct distance calculations for advanced guide signing.

c. Adequate spacing between guide signing and standard signing.

when needed. Installing and covering permanent overhead or ground mounted

4. On existing facilities, some panels, which do not otherwise require adjustment,

a. Centered over the roadway.

20. Destination signs shall be installed at the direction of the Authority, or in

b. Toll road over crossroad: Install multi-post assemblies in the median

23. On new truss assemblies, and where possible on modifications to existing

B. Horizontal and Vertical Clearance

a. Near edge of travel lane.

b. 4'minimum from the face of guardrail.

d. Face of barrier wall.

roadway is constructed. Add a note “Vertical clearance based on future widening

a. Proposed panel(s) installation

b. Existing panel(s) shift

c. Proposed luminaire(s) installation

A survey will be required by a Florida Registered Land Surveyor and a cross

C. Overhead Guide Sign Lighting

2. If proposed overhead sign structures, including bridge-mounted panels areare

6. Lighting plans shall address adjustment/replacement of existing luminaires as

9. Luminaires shall be gray or silver. NoNo exceptions shall be allowedd.

D. Issues Related to Structural Design

c. As directed by the Authority at specific locations..

10. Drilled shafts are preferred for cantilever sign structures.

a. Increase sign panel area for design by 20%

b. Design for bottom justification overhang at 50% of the truss depth.

Cantilever arm lengths shall be determined based on initial sign configuration.

14. Structural designs, including bridge-mounted assemblies, shall be included in the