Appendix 3

TABLE OF NORMAL
VALUES

Normal values for adults based on those obtained from Biochemistry (cont’d)
major teaching hospitals. These reference ranges can vary, Alkaline phosphatase 30–100 U/L
depending on the assay used in particular laboratories Alpha-1-antitrypsin 2–4 g/L
Haematology Alpha-fetoprotein <10 kU/L
Basophil granulocytes 0.01–0.1 × 109/L Amylase <220 U/L
Eosinophil granulocytes 0.04–0.4 × 109/L Angiotensin-converting 5.5–28 IU/L
enzyme
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate 0–10 mm/h
(ESR) Aspartate aminotransferase 5–40 U/L
(AST)
Haemoglobin (male) 13–18 g/dL
Bicarbonate 23–31 mmol/L
Haemoglobin (female) 11.5–16.5 g/dL
Bilirubin <18 μmol/L
Leukocytes 4.3–10.8 × 109/L
Calcium 2.2–2.67 mmol/L (8.5–10.5
Mean corpuscular 1.7–2.0 fmol
mg/dL)
haemoglobin (MCH)
Chloride 100–106 mmol/L (100–106
Mean corpuscular 32–36 g/dL
mEq/L)
haemoglobin
Cholinesterase 7–9 U/mL
concentration (MCHC)
Copper 12–25 μmol/L (100–200 μg/
Mean corpuscular volume 76–96 fL
dL)
(MCV)
Complement (total haemolytic) 150–250 U/mL
Monocytes 0.2–0.8 × 109/L
Creatinine 0.06–0.12 mmol/L (0.6–1.5
Neutrophil granulocytes 3.5–7.5 × 109/L
mg/dL)
Packed cell volume (PCV) 42–63 mL/dL
Creatinine kinase (CPK) <195 U/L
(male)
Ferritin 5.8–120 nmol/L (15–250
Packed cell volume (PCV) 36–45 mL/dL
mmol/L μg/L)
(female)
Gamma glutamyl transferase 10–40 U/L
Plasma volume 45 ± 5 mL/kg
(gGT)
Haematology
Glucose 3–5.8 mmol/L
Platelet count 150–400 × 109/L
Glycosylated haemoglobin 3.8–6.4%
Red cell folate > 160 μg/L (HbA1c)
Reticulocyte count 0.5–2.5% of red cells Hydroxybutyric 40–125 U/L
Serum B12 160–925 ng/L dehydrogenase (HBD)
Serum folate 5–63 nmol/L (3–20 μg/L) Iron 10–30 μmol/L
Total blood volume (male) 75 ± 10 mL/kg Iron binding capacity (total) 42–80 μmol/L (250–410 μg/
Total blood volume (female) 70 ± 10 mL/kg dL)
Coagulation Lactate dehydrogenase <150 U/L
Bleeding time (Ivy method) 2.5–9 min Lead 1.8 μmol/L
Partial thromboplastin time 30–40 seconds Magnesium 0.7–1.1 mmol/L
(PTTK) Osmolality 275–295 mosmol/kg
Prothrombin time 12–15 seconds Phosphate 0.8–1.4 mmol/L
Biochemistry Potassium 3.5–5.0 mmol/L
Acid phosphatase (phostatic) <0.8 U/L Protein (total) 61–84 g/L
Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) <30 U/L Sodium 135–146 mmol/L
Albumin 36–47 g/L Urate 0.2–0.5 mmol/L

TABBNER’S NURSING CARE 5E; FUNNELL, KOUTOUKIDIS, LAWRENCE. © ELSEVIER AUSTRALIA 2009
Biochemistry (cont’d) Lipids and lipoproteins
Urea 3–8 mmol/L Cholesterol <5.5 mmol/L
Vitamin A 0.5–2.1 μmol/L (0.15–0.6 μg/ Triglyceride <2.0 mmol/L
mL) Lipoproteins HDL (male) 0.90–1.80 mmol/L
Vitamin D (25-hydroxy) 19.4–137 nmol/L (8–55 ng/ Lipoproteins HDL (female) 0.90–2.10 mmol/L
mL)
Lipids (total) 4.0–10 g/L (400–1000 mg/dL)
Vitamin D (1,25-dihydroxy) 62–155 pmol/L (26–65
Urine
pg/mL)
Total quantity in 24 h 1000–1500 mL
Zinc 10–18 μmol/L
Specific gravity 1.010–1.025
Blood gases
pH 4–8
Arterial PCO2 4.8–6.1 kPA (36–46 mm Hg)
Urine: average solids excreted
Arterial PO2 10–13.3 kPa (75–100 mm
in 24 h
Hg); for every year over 60,
add 0.13 kPa Calcium <7.5 mmol
+
Arterial [H ] 35–45 nmol/L Copper <1.1 μmol
Arterial pH 7.35–7.45 Creatinine 8–16 mmol
Cerebrospinal fluid 5-Hydroxyindole acetic acid <40 μmol
Pressure (adult) 50–200 mm water 4-Hydroxy-3- <40 μmol
methoxymandelic acid
Cells 0–5 lymphocytes/mm3
Hydroxyproline 0.08–0.25 mmol
Glucose 2.5–5.6 mmol/L
Lead 0.14–0.40 μmol
Protein 100–400 mg/L
Magnesium 3.3–5.0 mmol
Faeces (normal fat content)
Oestriol varies widely during pregnancy
daily output on normal diet <7 g (μmol)
fat (as stearic acid) 11–18 mmol/24 h Phosphate 15–50 mmol
Protein (quantitative) <0.15 g
Urea 300–600 mmol

TABBNER’S NURSING CARE 5E; FUNNELL, KOUTOUKIDIS, LAWRENCE. © ELSEVIER AUSTRALIA 2009