Integrating factors

Solve the initial value problem

t y ' +2 y=t 2−t + 1

With y ( 0 )=1 and t >0

We first arrange to

2 1
y ' + y=t−1+
t t

With a solution of

− 2 /t dt −2 1
μ ( t ) =e ∫ ¿ t =t 2
μ (t)

We multiply this term to the RHS/y

d 1d 2
( y )=t−1+ ( t y )=t3−t 2 +t ∫ d ( t 2 y ) =∫ t 3 −t 2 +tt 2 y= 1 t 4 − 1 t3 + 1 t 2+ C
dt t dt dt 4 3 2
1 1 1 C
y= t 2− t + + 2
4 3 2 t

1
And using the initial condition we find C=
12

1 1 1 1
y= t 2− t + +
4 3 2 12t 2