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Introduction
Asynchronous generation is typically applied where the cost or complexity of using synchronous
machines cannot be justified and individual generator capacity is usually small in comparison with
the distribution supply capacity. Generators are driven by some form of prime mover such as steam
turbine, water turbine or wind turbine.
Because of the limited freedom in choosing the point of connection to a distribution feeder,
generation can be a challenge to integrate into a system in such a way that system voltage, loading,
voltage stability and fault level constraints are met for all possible system conditions.
Feeder power flow directions and magnitudes change with load changes and generator output
levels throughout the day. The impact of voltage changes is particularly significant if the generation
is connected some distance from the point of supply for the feeder.
2
a system fault causing a disturbance
on the system will result in a change
0 on the operating point of an induction
generator along the curve.
Synchronous speed
-2 Generators are selected with terminal
voltages appropriate to their size.
Wind driven machines do not
normally exceed 3 MW. If the
-4 generator operates at low voltage, it
-.6 -.4 -.2 0 .2 .4 .6
is likely to be connected to a low
Per Unit Slip
voltage sub-network via low voltage
Figure 1: Torque vs Slip
switchgear, or through a step-up
transformer to a high voltage feeder.
One of the major benefits of induction generators is the flexibility of where they can be placed and
freedom from the need to control them. The machines can be treated like negative induction motor
load for the purposes of visualization. Larger induction generators may be dispatchable but, if used
in a cogeneration scheme, the surplus energy available after the process needs are satisfied
constrains the electrical output.