Swine influenza virus

H1N1
 The letters refer to two proteins
(Hemagglutinin and
Neuraminidase) on the surface of
the virus.
The numbers refer to slight variations
in the form of each protein. The
variations are important, because
our immune system hones in on
those proteins to attack the virus.
you can’t get swine flu from eating
cooked pork, and the disease is
now passing from human to
human.
But the virus’s genetic signature
does suggest that it originated in
pigs
H1N1 is the physiological manifestation of
infection with the Swine Influenza Virus
(SIV),a subtype of the Common Influenza
Virus.
Unlike avian flu, but like normal seasonal
flu, H1N1 flu spreads efficiently from
person-to-person

Via……
DROPLET
 Respiratory Precautions
 Provide surgical masks to al patients
 Provide instructions with the proper use and disposal of
masks
 Hand Hygiene
 Place patients in a private room or a cubicle for
evaluation
 Designate an area in waiting rooms where patients
with respiratory symptoms can be segregated (ideally
by at least 3 feet) from other patients who do not have
respiratory symptoms
If no barriers are present, instruct registration and
triage staff to remain at least 3 feet from
unmasked patients and to consider wearing
surgical masks during respiratory infection
season.
Continue to use droplet precautions to
manage patients with respiratory
symptoms until it is determined that the
cause of symptoms is not an infectious
agent that requires precautions beyond
standard precautions.
When treating a patient with a suspected case of
swine-origin influenza, the following PPE
should be worn: Fit-tested disposable N95
respirator and eye protection (e.g., goggles; eye
shield), disposable non-sterile gloves, and
gown, when coming into close contact with the
patient.
 When treating a patient that is not a
suspected case of swine-origin influenza
but who has symptoms of acute febrile
respiratory illness, Place a standard
surgical mask on the patient, if tolerated. If
not tolerated, EMS personnel may wear a
standard surgical mask.
Use good respiratory hygiene – use non-
sterile gloves for contact with patient,
patient secretions, or surfaces that may
have been contaminated. Follow hand
hygiene including hand washing or
cleansing with alcohol based hand
disinfectant after contact.
Encourage good patient compartment
vehicle airflow/ ventilation to
reduce the concentration of aerosol
accumulation when possible.
 Swine flu causes all the same symptoms as
seasonal flu, which may include:

1. fever and chills

2. cough
3. sore throat
4. congestion
5. headache
6. body aches
7. fatigue
 However, H1N1 can cause
additional symptoms, including
vomiting and diarrhea, and these
may be more severe than those of
seasonal flu.
 1. vaccination– most important
 2. Anti-viral agents
 Zanamivir (Relenza)
 Oseltamivir (Tamiflu)

**Antiviral treatment is not necessary for people have

uncomplicated, or mild, illness and are not in a high
risk group for severe illness.
 Persons with H1N1 virus infection should be
considered potentially infectious from one day
before to 7 days following illness onset.
Persons who continue to be ill longer than 7 days
after illness onset should be considered
potentially contagious until symptoms have
resolved. Children, especially younger
children, might potentially be contagious for
longer periods.
 The most recommended method to avoid
infection with the H1N1 virus is vaccination,
which is now available.