KOLOID AND ITS PROPERTIES

By :
Ika Farida Yuliana ( 093194007 )
Noor Fathi Maratusholihah (093194022)
Yudit Yulianinda (093194005 )
Definition
• Colloid is a “ metastable” mixture system ( as
though in stable condition, but it will separate
after a certain time)
• Colloid different with the solution stable
• Generally, there are 2 substance in colloid :
- Dispersed substance  dissolved substance in
colloid
- Disperser substance  solvent in colloid
Colloids based on its dispersed and disperser phase :
Dispersed Phase Disperser Name Example

Gas Gas Not colloid, gas mix homogenously

Gas Liquid Foam Wave, soap

Gas Solid Compact foam Foam bed
Liquid Gas Liquid aerosol Fog, hair spray

Liquid Liquid Emulsion Milk, mayonnaise

Liquid Solid Gel Butter

Solid Gas Compact aerosol Spot

Solid Liquid Sol Tint , paint

Solid Solid Compact solid Sand , glass
Colloid Properties
Adsorption
Tyndall eff Brown mot
ect ion

Coagulation Liofil and

Colloid cha Liofob
rge

Emulation Stability Purification

1. Tyndall effect
• Tyndall effect is light dispersal by colloid
solution, an instance where the way of light
in colloid can be seen because colloid
particle can scatter light to all direction.
• Example: sunshine that scattered colloid
particle at sky, up to blue colored sky in the
day time and pink in the evening; dust in
room will be seen if there incident ray
passes gap.
• True solution (left picture) is illuminated with light,
not scatter light,
• Colloid system (right picture)  light scattered.
2.Brownian Motion
• Particles movement can has random like in
hydrogen and gas, or only vibrate in place like in
solid substance.
• Collision go on from all direction . Because particle
size enough little, so collision that inclined uneven.
• So that found a collision resultant that causes
particle movement direction change so that happen
movement zigzag or Brownian movement.
# Brownian motion factor :
• Smaller the size of particle, faster the Brownian
motion difficult to be seen
• Higher temperature , faster Brownian motion
3. Adsorption
• Adsorption is absorption of substance or ion on
colloid surface. character adsorption used in
course of:
1. cana sugar purifying.
2. norit.
3. water depurating.

• Example: colloid between diarrhea medicine and

liquid in intestines that will absorb diarrhea
cause germ.
• colloid Fe(oh)3 will adsorb H+ so that will be
to contain +.

• colloid As2S3 adsorb OH- ion in solution so that

will contain -
4. Colloid Charge
• Have same type of charge  give stability to
system
• Determined by ion charge absorbed by colloid
surface
• Can move in electric field
• example: factory chimney set metal plate that
contain electricity as a mean to crumpling the
dust.
5. Coagulation
• Coagulation colloid is colloid clotting because
electrolyte the load contrary to.
• example: dirt in water that crumpling by alum so
that water is clear.
• factors that causes coagulation:
• temperature change.
• informer.
• increasing ion with big load (example: alum).
• positive colloid mixing and negative colloid.
6. Liofil and liofob colloid
• Happen in sol condition
• Liofil ( like water )  adsorb the liquid , so it
forms cover around the colloid
- Dispersed phase’s affinity > disperser media
- Example : starch sol, jelly , glue
• Liofob ( dislike water )  not adsorb the
liquid
- dispersed phase’s affinity < disperser media
- Example : Sulfur sol , golden sol
7.Emulasion
• Emulasion is liquid colloid in liquid medium. so
that solution kolid stable, into colloid usually
added emulsifier, that is substance penyetabil so
that stable colloid.
• example: milk is underwater fat emulsion with
kasein as emulsifier.
8.Colloid stability
a. many colloids that must be defended in the form of
colloid to its use.
• example: ice-cream, ink, paint.
• for that be used colloid other that can form layer at
around colloid. colloid other this called patron
colloid.
• example: gelatine in sol fe(oh)3.
b. for colloid shaped emulsion can be used emulgator
that is substance that can interested in second liquid
that form emulsion
• example: detergent soap as emulgator from oil
emulsion and water.
9. Purification of Colloids
• By cleaning the disturbing ions  dialysis
• It will be faster if the electric current is added 
electro dialysis
Thank You