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Total Quality Management: TQM: Origins, Evolution & Key Elements
Total Quality Management: TQM: Origins, Evolution & Key Elements
TQM
Suppliers, Production,
materials & assembly, Distribution Consumers
equipment inspection
Test of processes,
machines, methods, cost
Deming’s Chain Reaction
Improve Quality
Provide jobs and Cost decreases because
more jobs of less rework, fewer
mistakes, fewer delays,
snags, better use of
Stay in business machine time and
materials
Productivity improves
Capture the market with
better quality and lower price
The Deming Cycle or PDCA Cycle
PLAN
Plan a change to the process. Predict the
effect this change will have and plan how
the effects will be measured
ACT DO
Adopt the change as a Implement the change on
permanent modification a small scale and measure
to the process, or the effects
abandon it.
CHECK
Study the results to
learn what effect the
change had, if any.
W. Edwards Deming’s 14 Points
1) Create constancy of purpose towards improvement
of product and services.
2) Adopt the new philosophy. We can no longer live
with commonly accepted levels of delays, mistakes,
defective workmanship.
3) Cease dependence on mass inspection. Require,
instead, statistical evidence that quality is built in.
4) End the practice of awarding business on the basis of
price tag.
W. Edwards Deming’s 14 Points
2 types of costs:
Unavoidable Costs: preventing defects (inspection,
sampling, sorting, QC)
Avoidable Costs: defects and product failures
(scrapped materials, labour for re-work, complaint
processing, losses from unhappy customers
Costs
Total
Unavoidable
Costs
costs
Avoidable
costs
Learning
Process Improvement
Quality Improvement
companies
.
THE CASE FOR QUALITY
5 Growing evidence that growth in market
share comes from sustained quality.
6 Cost advantages
•Flight to nowhere
•One size fits all
•Substituting TQM for leadership
•Inside - Out indicators
•Mandatory religion
•Quality kept as a separate activity
•Teaching to the test
PQP
ADCO
PQP
Designer
PQP Suppliers
construction quality plans
contractor
Preparation of a project quality plan
AEM/PE/HE
Confirm project objectives
Audits QA/SCE/PE
PE
Close-out
CONTENTS OF TYPICAL PROJECT QUALITY PLAN
2.INTRODUCTION
2.1 Background
2.2 Project Scope
2.3 Project Objectives & Constraints
2.4 QA Standards (Consider putting in Document purpose)
CONTENTS OF TYPICAL PROJECT QUALITY PLAN
3. EXECUTION STRATEGY
8. QUALITY IMPROVEMENT
Timing