Code No:R05 -401

JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY,

HYDERABAD
IV - B. Pharmacy I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2009

PHARMACEUTICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY

Answer any FIVE questions.

All questions carry equal marks.

I. a) Define the term immunity? - Write in detail about the types of immunities.
b) How toxins can be converted to Toxoids?
2. What is hybridoma technology? How it is useful for the generation of
humanized monoclonal antibodies.
3. Describe the technology and production of activase.
4. Write about the Isolation, improvement and maintenance of microbial strains.
5. Write a note on:
a) Factors influencing rate of mutations
b) Solid state fermentation.
6. What is Immobilization? Write the methods of Enzyme Immobilization add a
note on kinetics of Immobilized Enzymes.
7. Give the pharmaceutical applications of the following Enzymes.
a) Streptokiflase and streptodomase.
b) Proteases.
C) Hyaluroflidase
d) Penicillina5
8.a) Describe the pharmaceutical applications of human thrombin.
How is it prepared?
b) Explain the pharmaceutical applications of dried human serum. How is it
prepared?

Code No: NR-412

JAWAHARJAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY,
IIYDERABAD
IV - B. Pharmacy I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2009

BIO-PHARMACEUTICS & PHARMACOKINETICS

Answer any FIVE questions.

CREATED BY SATROHRAJ aka Rohit

 All questions carry equal marks.

1. a)What are the different pharmacokinetic parameters to be considered in

designing a dosage regimen?
b) Define and explain such pharmacokinetic parameters.
2.a) What is dissolution? Explain various theories of dissolution
b) Discuss the parameters that influence rate of dissolution of drug.
3. Explain the structure and mode of penetration of drug through following
barriers.
i) Simple capillary endothelial barrier
ii) Cell membrane barrier
iii) Blood cerebrospinal fluid barrier
iv) Placental barrier.
4.a) What type of changes are observed normally in body constituents in several
Physiological and pathologic conditions? How do they affect drug binding?
Explain.
b) What are the different factors related to protein and other binding
components that influence protein drug binding? Explain.
5. a) How do you determine Ka by method of residuals?
b) What are the applications and limitations of method of residuals?
c) The above method works best when difference between Ka and KE is large
Explain.
6. a) What do you mean by inter subject variability? What are the causes of inter
subject variability? Explain?
b) How do you adjust the dose based on total body clearance and elimuafion
rate constant and
7. a) How do you determine the bio availability of a drug product Using plasma
data.
b) What do you understand by the term absolute and relative bioavailability.
c) What is bioavailable fraction? How do you express?
8. a) Hosi do you correlate invitro drug dissolution with in bio availability?
b) Describe about dissolution rate test apparatus and its significance
Code No: NR-413
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
HYDERABAD
IV B. Pharmacy I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2009

PHARMACY ADMINISTR&TION

Answer any Five questions

All questions carry equal marks

CREATED BY SATROHRAJ aka Rohit

1. a) What is Decision making? Write about the characteristics of Decision
Making and explain the steps in Decision making.
b) Brief note on Merits and Demerits of Formal and Informal Communication.
2. Discuss the most frequency encountering operating problems in
pharmaceutical production?
3. a) Write about workman safety and safety programme.
b) Write short notes on accidents in Pharmaceutical Industries and its preventive
measures.
4. Define distribution. Write about channels of distribution and explain in detail
about factors affecting channels of distribution
5.a) Give a detailed note on overview of Indian pharmaceutical Industry.
b) Achievements of Indian Pharmaceutical Industry.
6. a) Describe the export policy of life saving drugs.
b) Write a short note on insurance.
7. Short Notes on the following Pharmaceutical Associations.
a) Pharmaexil
b) OPPI
c) IDMA
d) IPGA
8. a) What is Drug store? Explain about methods of classification of various
items in drug store.
b) Write about Drug store management. How the drugs are arranged in drug
store?

Code No: NR-414

JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
HYDERABAD
IV B. Pharmacy I Semester Regular Examinations, January 2010

PHARMACOLOGY-Ill

Answer any Five questions

All questions carry equal marks

1. Discuss in detail about the pharmacology of Proton pump inhibitors.

2. What are Penicillins? Write the mechanism of action, general toxicities and
CREATED BY SATROHRAJ aka Rohit
therapeutic uses of Penicillins.

3. Write the mechanism of action and therapeutic uses and toxicities of

Chioramphenicol.

4. Define Antitubercular drugs. Explain in detail about any two second line
antitubercular drugs.

5.a) What are antiviral drugs ? Classify them

b) Write the mechanism of action, adverse effects, therapeutic uses and
pharmacokinetics of Acyclovir

6. Explain in detail about the antimetabolites used to treat cancer.

7. Explain the symptoms, mechanism and treatment of:

a) Barbiturate poisoning
b) Atropine poisoning.

8. Explain in detail about the different bioassay methods.

JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY II

YDERABAD
IV B. Pharmacy 1 Semester Regular Examinations, November 2009

MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY-II

Answer any Five questions

All questions carry equal marks

1 .a) What is meant by receptor? List the different types of receptors and
explain their biological role.
b)Explain the bio-sigmficance of ionization of molecules with respect its
bioactivity.
2. a) Write the types of biotransformation.
b) Delne the terms: ‘enzyme induction’ and ‘enzyme inhibition’.
c) List the enzymes involved in the drug inhibition highlighting their

CREATED BY SATROHRAJ aka Rohit

significance.
3. a) Give a note on MAO inhibitors.
b) Outline the synthesis, MOA and therapeutic uses of doxepine and sertraline.
4. Outline the synthesis, MOA, SAR and uses of following
a) Ketamine.
b) Halothane.
5. a) Outline the biosynthesis, storage and release of catecholamimes.
b) Give the synthetic protocol and mechanism of following:
i) Salbutamol.
ii) Amphetamine.
6. a) Give a comprehensive account on clinical importance of cholinomimetjcs.
b) Explain the bio-signiflcance of neurochemical transmission.
7.a) Describe the SAR of a1 antagonists.
b) Describe the SAR of quinazoline /3 antagonists.
8.a) Muscarinic antagonists are contraindicated in patients with glaucoma.
Explain.
b) Give the synthesis, mode of action and uses of anticholinergic drug
containing tricyclic ring system.

Code No:NR-412-Bp
IV. B.Pharmacy I Semester Supplementary Examinations May 2009

BIOPHARMACEUTICS AND PHARMACOKINETICS

Answer any FIVE questions

All questions carry equal marks

1. Explain the role of Biopharmaceutics in formulation development and

in drug therapy. [16]

2. Describe the stiucture and physiology of cell membrane. Describe

about pre systemic metabolism or first pass effect. [16]

3. a. What is the mechanism of distribution of drug

b. What are the various factors effecting drug distribution. [8+8]

4.a. When is drug binding irreversible

b. What is the therapeutic implication in such irreversible binding. (8+8)

CREATED BY SATROHRAJ aka Rohit

5. Give an account on:
a. First order Absorption rate constant.
b. Biological half-life. [8+8]

6. Enumerate the various Pharmacokinetic Drug Interactions and its significance

in Combination Therapy with suitable examples. (16)

7. a. What are the objective of Bioavailability studies.

b. Explain with significance the parameters used in Bioavailability
determination by plasma level studies. (6+10]

8. a. Enumerate the Bioavailability and Bioequivalence.

b. Evaluate testing protocols with suitable examples. [16]

Code No: NR-414-Bp

IV II. Pharmacy I Semester Supplementary Examinations, May 2009

PHARMACOLOGY-llI
Time: 3hours Max. Marks:S0

1. Write short notes on:

a) Digestants b) Mucolytics c) Anti Secretary agents d) Protectives.
2. Give an account of Cephalosporins:
a) First generation. b) Second generation. c) Third generation. d) Fourth
generation. (4+4+4+4)

3. Write notes on: a) Kanamycin. b) Gentamycin. c) Neomycin. (5+5+6)

4. Write short notes on: a)Clofazimine. b) Suiphones. c) Dapsone. [5+5+6]

5. Write the pharmacology and adverse reaction of

a) Idoxuridine b) Adenosine arabinoside. c) Acyclovir d) Granciclovir.
[4+4+4+4]

6. Add a note on antimalignant antibiotics? Write notes on Vmca

CREATED BY SATROHRAJ aka Rohit
alkaloids. [16]

7. Write note on the following immunosupprents

a) Tacrolimus b) Thalidomide
c) muramanab-CD3 d) Mycophenolatemofetil. (4+4+4+4)

8. Write the pharmacology and adverse reaction of systemically acting

antifungal agents? [16]

Code No: NR-415-Bp

1V.B. Pharmacy I Semester Supplementary Examinations, May 2009

MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY

1. Give an account on the following:

a) Factors affecting bioactivity
b) Computer aided Drug Design.
c) QSAR. (5+5+6)

2. a) How the drug action is stimulated by the enzymes?

b) What is the role of conjugated reactions in the drug metabolism? [8+8]

3. a) Write about the structure activity relationship of barbiturates. How

Phenobarbital is synthesized?
b) Give the synthesis and uses for carbazepine and imipramine. [8+8]

4. a) Give the synthesis and uses of Benzocaine and Lidocaine

b) Give the synthesis and uses of Halothane and Ketaminc. [8+8]

5. Give the structure, chemical name, uses and describe the synthesis of any one
compound/drug.
a)Amphetamifle. b) Salbutamol. c) Dopamine. [16]

6. Discuss the following, categorized in synthetic cholinergic blocking agents:

a) Aminoalcohol esters b) Aminoalcohol ethers
CREATED BY SATROHRAJ aka Rohit
c) Aminoalcohols d) Aminoamides. [4+4+4+4]

7. Discuss the SAR, MOA and uses of the following drugs:

a) Atenolol b) Labetelol. [8±8]

8. Name an anticholinergic drug, which finds its application as an adjunct in

treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcer, Discuss the chemistry of the drug
chosen. LI 6]

Code No: OR-32 p OR

III B.Pharmacy II Semester Supplementary Ezaminations,
Aug/Sep-2008.
PHARMACEtJTIC CHEMISTRY - VI (Medicinal Chemistry)

I .a) What are the advantages and limitations of QSAR?

b) Explain the importance of isomerism. With the help of few examples. in drug
action.

2.a) Discuss drug — receptor interaction. What is transduction mechanism?

b) Write about CADD and molecular modelling.

3.a.) Explain the classification of drugs on the basis of their therapeutic actions.
b) Write about the mechanism of action of prostaglandins.

4.a) Describe the synthetic procedures of any two important adrenergic drugs?
b) Give their mode of action, structure activity relationships and uses.

5 Define antihistamines. Explain their mode of action, structure activity

relationships and uses.

6. Write notes on
a) Eicosanoids
b) Neuromuscular blocking agents.

7. Classify analgesic and antipyretic drugs, with suitable examples. Discuss their
mechanism of action. Write the synthesis of any two agents of this class.

8. Write the structure and therapeutic uses of the following drugs:

a) Atropine b) Ephedrine HCI

CREATED BY SATROHRAJ aka Rohit

c) Chlorpheniramine d) Paracetamol
e) Papaverine Hcl f) Propranolol HCI g) Oxvtocjn.

Code No: OR-323/Bp

III B. Pharmacy II Semester Supplementary Examinations,
Aug/Sep-2008.
PHARMACEUTICS - VII (Biopharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics)
Time:3 hours Max. Marks: 70

1.a) Define Bio-pharmaceutics & Pharmacokinetics and give the importance in

formulation development.
b) Define Absorption. Differentiate active and passive transport of drugs.

2.a) Give the importance of particle size, Dissolution rate and pK., on
absorption of drugs.
b) Explain the mechanism of absorption of following compounds.
i) Insulin ii) Vitamin B12.

3.a) What are the factors which effect protein binding and give its clinical
significance.
b) A drug when administered at a dose of 50mg showed an initial concentration
of 0.5mg/ml. Given the half life of the drug 1 .5hr, what is the total clearance of
the drug?

4.a) Write in detail about compartment modelling.

b) What is Mean Residence Time”. Give its significance.

5.a) Mention Various PH-kinetic parameters that can be assessed following oral
administration of a drug.
b) Define absorption rate constant. Discuss the methods to determine absorption
rate constant and its significance.

6. Discuss the significance of Non-linear pharmacokinetjcs with reference to

one compartment model after IV administration and explain the detection of
Non-linearity.

7. What is clinical pharmacokinetics. Discuss the dosage adjustment in patients

with and without Renal & Heptic failure.

8.a) Define Absolute and Relative Bioavailability.

b) Discuss in detail the Bioavailability study protocol.

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 Code No: 11P41 I
IV B. Pharmacy
PHARMACEUTICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
1. Define and classify immunity. Describe the different immunological
reactions? [16]

2. What are monoclonal antibodies 7 Describe the method by which they are
produced. Give their applications? (16)
3. (a) How do you optimize fermentation parametes?
(b) How do you produce low volume and high value products employing r-
DNA technology? [8+8]
4 Write notes on
(a) Bioproducts and Bioprocess
(b) Solid state fermentation
(c) Aerobic fermentation
(d) Primary and Secondary metabolism.

5. Describe in detail about chemically induced mutation with suitable examples.

6. (a) What is glowing culture process? Explain the salient features of growing,
culture process.
(b) Write notes on resting cells and immobilized cells. (10+6)

7. How do you Classify proteases? Give a detail account of any three important
categories. (16)

8. (a) Write the preparation and uses of concentrated human red blood
corpuscles.
(b) What is dread human plasma? Write the advantages of dried human plasma
over whole blood. [8-8]

Code No: BP412

IV B.Pharmacy I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2008
BIOPHARMACEUTICS AND PHARMACOKINETICS

CREATED BY SATROHRAJ aka Rohit

1. Discuss the role of pharmacokinetics in designing a dosage form. (16)

2. Give an account of various mechanisms of drug absorption across cell

membrane. (16)

3. Write an essay on distribution of drugs in central neivoua system. (16)

4. (a) When is drug binding irreversible

(b) What is the therapeutic implication in such irreversible binding. (8+8)

5. Write a note on:

(a) compartment models.
(b) michaclis-menten equation.

6. (a) Describe the scope of clinical pharmacokinctics with suitable examples

(b) Explain how to adjust the dose in patient with and without Hepatic failure
[8+8]

7. Define Bioavailability. Explain various measurements of Bioavailability. (16)

8. What is Bioequivalence? Give design of simple dose bioequivalence study

with suitable examples.(16)

Code No: 13P413

IV B.Pharmacy I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2008
PHARMACY ADMINISTRATION

1. (a) Define Cooperative society. What are its features?

(b) Write a brief note on Consumers’ cooperative societies. [8+8]

2. Write short notes on

CREATED BY SATROHRAJ aka Rohit

(a) EOQ
(b) VED
(c) Quality Control
(d) Plant layout. (4+4+4+4)

3. Define Air pollution List the nature of air pollution and its adverse effects on
environment. (16)

4. (a) Define Foreign Tade. Write the procedure for export of goods.
(b) What are the advantages and limitations of international trade? (8+8)

5. Explain the special provisions regarding the location of pharmaceutical

industry? (16)

6. Write about the export and import of drugs and pharmaceuticals in India?
[16J

7. Mention the panel and board of members of Pharmaceutical Experts

Association (PEXA). (16)

8. Explain in detail about the Structure or layout of a drug store? (16)

CREATED BY SATROHRAJ aka Rohit