Que3) Define planning .Explain the strategic and tactical planning .

How
will you apply them in a hospital setup?

Ans. PLANNING IS THE MOST BASIC FUNCTION OF MANAGEMENT .IN

FACT it is the beginning of process of management. Management is
seeking of goals and achieving them. This requires prior arrangement of
charting out the objectives and deciding as to how to allocate the
resources and identifying the people who will perform the jobs.This entire
process is known as planning. As such it is must before all other
managerial function.

STATEGIC PLANNING :
It means deciding the major goals of the organization and the policies to
achieve them.
It is done at the top level of management
It is mostly a long term view
It based on broad perspectives and long term forecasts about technology ,
environment , more uncertain

TACTILE PLANNING :
It means about utilizing the available resource to achieve the strategic
goals eg. In the view of increasing proportions of HIV / AIDS , the hospital
may decide to start a special cell / wing to provide preventive and curative
treatment for this dreaded disease .
It is done at lower level of management
It is mosly short term view
It is based on minute and detailed perspectives and also on past
performances and experience thereof , lesser uncertainity.

To apply them in hospital I will take the following steps :

1) Setting goals / objectives :
2) Establishing planning premises :
• Internal and external premises : the premises which are
within the organization are internal premises eg. Sales
forecast , policies of the organization, capital to be invested
etc. the premises which are outside the organization are
external premises eg. Business environment ,
technological changes , political stability.
• Tangible and intangible premises : former is measured
quantitatively while the latter are being qualitatively.
• Controllable and non controllable premises : resources ,
policies strategies etc. are controllable premises and
strikes , wars , natural calamities are uncontrollable
premises .
3) deciding the planning period :
 planning period depends on policies pf the organization and
nature of the objectives to be achieved . short range may be for a period of
1 year and long range can be for a period of 5 – 10 years.
• Lead time in developing and commercial launching of the
product : once everything is being carried out , suitable
permissions are obtained , the company may go in for
commercial production.
• Pay back period : time required to recover capital
investment in machinery.
4) alternative course of action : since planning is choosing among
the alternatives , the organization has to strech and examine
alternative course of action.
5) Evaluating / selecting a course of action : we have to screen ,
evaluate and select the best course from these alternatives
6) Developing derivative plans : once the course of action is
finalized , plans are drawn / formulated to derive it
7) Measuring and controlling progress : this is the process of
monitoring .any mid way correction , if necessary , are carried out
to ensure the success of planning.