PRESENTED BY:-

SACHIN SINGHAL
SWAPNIL GUPTA
SACHIN JAIN
RASHMI YADAV
SANDEEP YADAV
SUNIL SINGH
SAMPLING TECHNIQUES
(a) Choose the cluster grouping for your sampling
frame

(b) Number each of the clusters with a unique

number. The first cluster is numbered 0, the second
1, and so on

(c) select your cluster sample using some form of

random sampling
1. Divide Population
Companies (Clusters)
into Clusters
If Managers are Elements
then Companies are
Clusters
2. Randomly Select Clusters
3. Survey All or a Random
Sample of Elements in Sample
Cluster
Appropriate when

you can’t obtain a list of the members of the

population

have little knowledge of pop characteristics

Pop is scattered over large geographic area

ADVANTAGES

1. It eliminates the need for a complete list of all

units in the population;

2. It ensures that selected population units will be

closer together, thus enumeration costs for personal
interviews will be reduced, and field work will be
simplified.
DISADVANTAGES

In general, cluster sampling is less accurate than SRS

because the sample obtained does not cover the
population as evenly as in the case of SRS.
Principle:
consecutive sampling
example :
sampling unit = household
 1st stage: draw neighborhoods
 2nd stage: draw buildings
 3rd stage: draw households
Multiple
stage
sampling
The reasons for adopting such a design may
be reducing costs, for example, when
interviewers are assigned to persons located
in a restricted area, or reducing the sample
error.

Multi-stage sampling is sometimes used

when no general sample frame exists or
impossible to form a list of all the units in the
target population
May result increase in cost due to high size
of clusters and the sample.

Sampling error is questionable if size of

cluster having high percentage of samples.