Accio

Latin for to summon. Summoning charm, used to make objects fly straight to the spell caster.

Aguamenti
Causes a jet of water to come from the end of the caster's wand. The speed of the jet is
controllable: Harry used it to refill a small goblet in the Horcrux cave, whilst a short while
later, he and Hagrid used it to douse the flames on Hagrid's Hut when it was on fire.

Alohomora
From Hawaiian Aloha which means hello/farewell and Latin mora which means obstacle. This
spell is used to open a locked door or window. While it will not unlock all magically sealed
doors, it works well against "Colloportus."

Anapneo
Greek for "breathe". Clears the airways of the person who the spell is cast upon, allowing
them to breathe properly. Horace Slughorn cast this on Marcus Belby when he accidentally
swallowed a large mouthful of pheasant.

Anti-Cheating Spell
A spell that teachers at Hogwarts use on quills or exams to prevent cheating.

Anti-Disapparation Jinx
When cast on a person, it prevents them from Disapparating. Dumbledore used this jinx to
bind the Death Eaters in the Death Chamber at the Ministry of Magic.

Anti-Intruder Jinx
Repels intruders. These were cast on the Hogwarts walls for the 1996-97 school year to
protect the students following the return of Voldemort.

Aparecium
Appareo is Latin for appear or "to become visible". Used to reveal invisible ink.

Apparate
Appareo is Latin for to become visible. This spell allows the spell caster to appear instantly in a
given place. It is used in conjunction with Disapparate. The caster must Disapparate from one
location in order to Apparate in another.

Avada Kedavra
A corruption of "abracadabra" which was used as a Healing Spell to drive disease from the
patient's body in the Middle Ages. Its likely source is either the Arabic "abra kadabra" (may
the things be destroyed), or the Aramaic "abhadda kedhabhra" (disappear with these words).
The Killing Curse. It requires a strong bit of magic behind it; the incantation alone is not
enough for the spell to work. When cast effectively, Avada Kedavra kills instantaneously,
producing a blinding flash of green light but leaving no mark on the victim's body. There is no
way to block or counter the Killing Curse, and the only people ever to survive it are Harry
Potter and Tom Riddle. Avada Kedavra is one of the three Unforgivable Curses and its use
against another human being is punishable by a life sentence in Azkaban.

Avis
Latin for bird. Conjures a flock of birds.

Backfiring Jinx
Effect unknown, but the casting of such a jinx in Elephant and Castle (a district of London)
was serious enough to require the Magical Law Enforcement Squad to be called out.
Babbling Curse
Causes the victim to babble nonsense. Lockhart once cured someone of this curse on his
travels. Or not.

Banishing Charm
The opposite of Accio, causes an object to fly away from the caster.

Bat-Bogey Hex
Maybe the effects of this are best left to the imagination. Causes bogies to grow, become bat-
like, and attack the victim. Ginny casts this spell on Draco Malfoy in Order of the Phoenix.

Blasting Charm
A charm used to good effect by Alberta Toothill in the 1430 All-England Duelling Competition,
where she used it to defeat the favourite, Samson Wiblin.

Bubblehead Charm
Used to create a bubble of air around the caster's head. Often used to allow the caster to
breathe underwater.

Cheering Charm
Not much is known about these, but it's safe to assume that they make people happy.

Colloportus
From the Latin "colligere," meaning "bind together" and "portus," meaning door. This spell is
used to magically seal doors, but is not particularly effective. It can easy be countered with
Alohomora, which will open any door sealed with Colloportus.

Colour-Change Charm
Causes an object to change colour. This spell also works on organic matter, as Harry was
meant to cast it on a rat during his Charms OWL in order to turn it orange. Unfortunately he
got the incantation mixed up with the Growth Charm and it ended up the size of a badger
before he could stop it.

Colour Flash Charm

Possibly a variant of the Colour-Change Charm, this is used to make the item it is cast on flash
different colours. It was used by Hermione on a "Potter for President" banner the Gryffindors
had made for Harry's first Quidditch match in his first year to make it more eye-catching.

Concealment Charm
Used to conceal something so that it cannot be seen.

ConfundusCharm
"Confundo" is Latin for "to confuse". Used to confuse an object or person, to make them
believe what the spell caster wants them to.

Conjunctivitis Curse
Conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the conjunctiva (mucous membrane that lines the surface
of the eyelid and the exposed surface of the eyeball), and is taken from the Latin
"conjunctus," meaning "joined together."This curse is aimed at the eyes of the victim and
causes the eyelids to crust together so that the victim cannot see. In addition to loss of sight,
it seems to cause pain to the victim as well.

Conjuring Spells
These are a type of spells taught in NEWT-level Transfiguration classes. They are not strictly
Transfiguration-based, however, in that they are used to conjure items into existence from
nowhere. These spells are used repeatedly by skilled wizards in the books, for example where
Dumbledore conjures mead for himself and the Dursleys when he goes to pick Harry up before
Harry's 6th year, where Flitwick is conjuring Christmas decorations from his wand to decorate
the school, and where Mr Ollivander creates smoke rings and a fountain of wine during the
Weighing of the Wands.

Crucio
Latin for "to torture".The Cruciatus Curse. This inflicts severe physical pain on whomever it is
cast upon. To effectively use the Cruciatus Curse, the witch or wizard casting the spell must
have the genuine desire to cause pain. When effectively used, the curse is excruciating and
has the ability to drive victims insane. As such, it is one of the three Unforgivable Curses. The
use of this spell against another human being is punishable by a life sentence in Azkaban.

Curse Alleviation Charm

When Katie Bell was injured by the cursed necklace from Malfoy, Professor Snape did
everything that he could to prevent a rapid spread of the curse. The magic he performed is
unknown, and so it is included here simply as a Curse Alleviation Charm.

Curse of the Bogies

Professor Quirrell told his class about this curse, although its exact effect is unknown.
Something to do with bogies, no doubt.

Cushioning Charm
Creates an invisible cushioned area. It is primarily used in broomstick manufacture to make
the brooms more comfortable to sit on.

Daydream Charm
This gives the spell caster a highly-realistic 30 minute daydream, according to its inventors
Fred and George Weasley. Daydream Charms can be found for sale in Weasleys' Wizard
Wheezes.

Deletrius
"Delete" means "to erase". Used to erase spell images conjured by Priori Incantem.

Densaugeo
From the Latin "dens," meaning "tooth," and "augeo," meaning "increase, enlarge."Enlarges
the teeth of the victim.

Diffindo
Latin for "to split". A spell that rips an object in half or causes things to separate. It is likely to
be the same spell as the Severing Charm. See also "Severing Charm".

Disapparate
From the Latin "disparitio" meaning "disappearance," or "dispareo" meaning "to vanish." This
spell allows the caster to disappear instantly from any given place with a soft popping sound,
or alternatively a loud cracking noise. The sound made seems to be different from one spell
caster to the next. It is used in conjunction with Apparate. The caster must Disapparate from
one location before he or she can Apparate in another.

Disillusion
Literal meaning is to remove an illusion. Generally used to indicate unhappiness with a used to
hide something. Typically used to hide magical objects and occurrences from Muggles.
Dissendium
This is possibly a path-revealing spell. It was used to open a secret passage to Hogsmeade.

Drought Charm
Dries up a limited amount of water. Harry decided he probably wouldn't be able to use it to
dry up the entire Hogwarts lake.

Engorgio
"Engorge" means "to fill to excess".The Engorgement Charm. Causes the target to enlarge.
See also "Enlargement Charm".

Enlargement Charm
Similar to an Engorgement Charm (Engorgio), this causes an object to swell in size. The
Weasley twins put an Enlargement Charm on a copy of The Quibbler which contained Harry's
interview, so it may be that the Engorgement Charm works only on organic matter (ie animal
or vegetable), whilst the Enlargement Charm works on other objects.

Ennervate
Revives someone, especially someone who has had Stupefy cast on them.

Entrail-Expelling Curse
Invented by Urquhart Rackharrow, 1612-1697. Effect unknown, but presumably involves
expelling entrails.

Entrancing Enchantment
Entrances the person the spell is cast upon.

Episkey
From the Greek "episkeyi" meaning "repair". A healing spell. Tonks used to it repair Harry's
nose when it was broken by Malfoy on the Hogwarts Express. It may also work on bones, and
may therefore have been the spell Lockhart was attempting to cast when he accidentally
removed all the bones from Harry's arm.

Evanesco
Latin for "to vanish".This spell is used to make an object vanish. It is assumed this spell works
only on objects, and not on people. Note that this spell actually makes the object disappear
rather than just turn invisible. An Invisibility Spell is required to have this effect. Evanesco is
also known as the Vanishing Spell.

Expecto Patronum
"Patronus" is Latin for "protector".The Patronus Charm. When literally translated, the phrase
"Expecto Patronum" means, "I expect a guardian." The Patronus Charm is highly advanced
magic, beyond Ordinary Wizarding Level. It is used to ward off both dementors and Lethifolds
and probably works against other creatures as well. To conjure a Patronus, the spell caster
must speak the incantation ("Expecto Patronum") while concentrating hard on an extremely
happy thought or memory. When the charm is cast successfully, the spell caster's wand emits
a Patronus; a stream of silvery vapor that takes on the shape of an animal. The type of animal
the Patronus assumes depends entirely upon the witch or wizard who conjures it, reflecting
certain traits of the caster's personality. The Patronus is the embodiment of the caster's happy
memories and acts as a shield, protecting the witch or wizard.

Expelliarmus
Latin for "to expel a weapon".This spell is used to disarm an opponent. Although a simple
spell, it causes the victim's wand to fly out of his or her hand, depriving its victim of his or her
primary weapon and means of defense. When used by many people on a single target in
tandem, the spell is powerful enough to knock the target off of his or her feet, as was
demonstrated on Severus Snape in Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban.

Extinguishing Spell
Puts out fires. This was used by the keepers of the dragons used in the Triwizard Tournament.

Featherweight Charm
This charm is used to make something lightweight so that it can be carried more easily.

Ferula
Conjures a splint and bandages.

Fidelius Charm
"Fidelis" is Latin for "faithful friends".This is a complex charm that allows someone or
something to be hidden away, often times in plain sight, for an indefinite period of time. The
location of the hidden people or items is a secret known only to one person, the Secret-
Keeper, and the information is stored within their very soul. The Secret-Keeper is the only one
with the power to divulge the secret. The information remains undisclosed until said time
when the Secret-Keeper decides to reveal it; not even those who have been told the secret
information can reveal what they know. However, the Secret-Keeper does not have to directly
speak with someone to tell him or her the secret, the information can be disclosed in a letter
as long as the Secret-Keeper is the one who wrote it.

Finite
From the Latin "finis," meaning "end." Similarly to Finite Incantatem, this removes spell
effects. It may be that Finite stops a single spell whilst Finite Incantatem stops all current
spells. Remus Lupin cast this spell on Neville Longbottom in the Department of Mysteries to
remove the effects of a Tarantallegra curse.

Finite Incantatem
From the Latin "finis," meaning "end." Removes the effects of any spells currently cast.

Fire Charm
When Harry and Dumbledore were attacked by Inferi in the Horcrux cave, Dumbledore created
a ring of crimson and gold fire to protect them. This may be simple a Dumbledore-powered
version of Flagrate or Incendio, or it may be a separate fire creation charm.

Flagrate
"Flagrantia" is Latin for "burning". Makes the spell-caster able to draw lines of fire with their
wand.

Flame Freezing Charm

Charm used by Medieval witches to remove the effects of the fire when they were burned at
the stake. It is a good idea at this point to scream a bit and pretend to be burning.

Flying Charm
Different to Wingardium Leviosa, which merely makes objects float in the air, the Flying
Charm allows them to be maneuvered by the user and turns them into genuinely controllable
flying items. The Flying Charm is used on broomsticks (as confirmed by Draco Malfoy when he
was criticising Ron's broom in 1995 - "why would anyone put a Flying Charm on a mouldy old
log like that?" being the words he chose), and also presumably Flying Carpets. It is clear that
Flying Charms can be cast only on objects rather than animals or people, as it is well known
that no spell yet exists that allows a wizard to fly unaided.
Freezing Charm
Used by Hermione to immobilise Cornish Pixies in Professor Lockhart's first Defence Against
the Dark Arts lesson, following Lockhart's pathetic attempt to deal with them himself. Freezing
Charms are also effective in disabling Muggle burglar alarms.

Fur Charm
When Ginny was upset about the spate of Petrifications at school during her first year, Fred
and George embarked on an ill-conceived campaign to cheer her up. One thing that they did
was to cover themselves in fur and jump out at her from behind statues. Far from cheering
her up, however, it merely caused her to have nightmares.

Furnunculus
Makes the victim's body break out in boils. When used in conjunction with the Jelly-Legs Jinx it
causes tentacles to sprout all over the victim's face.

Gripping Charm
Allows a person to grip an object more effectively. This was invented in 1875 and is primarily
used in Quidditch to allow the Chasers to handle the Quaffle one-handed whilst still keeping a
grip on their brooms.

Growth Charm
Similar to the Enlargement Charm and the Engorgement Charm, this spell causes the target to
increase in size. The precise differences between these three enchantments are unknown.
Harry got confused during his Charms OWL and cast a Growth Charm on a rat he was meant
to be turning orange. It had grown to the size of a badger before he could stop it.

Hair Growth Jinx

A spell cast on Alicia Spinnet by Miles Bletchley before the Gryffindor vs Slytherin Quidditch
match in 1995. It caused her eyebrows to grow so fast they obscured her vision.

Hair Loss Curse

Makes the victim lose their hair. Covered by Professor Vindictus Viridian in his book on curses
and counter-curses.

Hair-Thickening Charm
Causes hair to thicken. During the build-up to the Gryffindor vs Slytherin Quidditch match in
1995, Alicia Spinnet was hit from behind by a curse from Miles Bletchley that caused her
eyebrows to grow so fast they obscured her vision. Professor Snape refused to believe this and
stated that she must have attempted a Hair-Thickening Charm on herself.

Hex Deflection
It is unclear whether this is a spell or a branch of magic (such as Occlumency). Either way, it
is used to block or deflect magic cast as you.

Hives Hex
Causes the victims face to erupt in hives. Hives are raised lumps on the skin, usually caused
by an allergic reaction.

Homorphus Charm
From "Homo" meaning "man" and "morphus" meaning "transform". Used to force a werewolf
to revert to human form. Lockhart claimed to have used this against the Wagga Wagga
Werewolf. He didn't, of course, but it is likely that it is a real spell.
Horcrux Creation Spell
After committing the act of murder, the Horcrux Creation Spell is used to encase the torn
portion of the killer's soul into an object or creature. This is exceptionally advanced and evil
magic, and even Horace Slughorn did not know any details at all of this spell when the young
Tom Riddle asked him about it.

Horn Tongue Hex

Turns the tongue to horn. Harry found this hex in a book when he was trying to work out how
to defeat a dragon in the first task of the Triwizard Tournament. He decided not to use it as it
would just give the dragon an extra weapon.

Horton-Keitch Braking Charm

Patented by Basil Horton and Randolph Keitch, this charm aids broomsticks in slowing down in
a controlled manner. It is used on broomsticks made by the Comet company.

Hot Air Charm

Causes hot air to stream out of the end of the caster's wand. This is similar to Relashio, but in
the case of the Hot Air Charm, no sparks are released. A complicated wand movement is
required to cast this spell but no incantation. Hermione used it to dry her robes in winter
1995, and also to create a path through the snow.

Hover Charm
Makes an item hover in the air. Famously used by Dobby on Aunt Petunia's pudding.

Hurling Hex
Professor Flitwick thought that Harry's new Firebolt broomstick - a gift from Sirius Black -
might be jinxed with this hex. It is likely that it causes the rider to be thrown off the
broomstick.

Immobulus
"Immobilise" means to prevent an object moving. The name of this spell comes from the films
rather than the books but is included here as it is very likely to be the "clever Freezing Charm"
used by Hermione to immobilise Cornish Pixies in Professor Lockhart's first Defence Against
the Dark Arts lesson. See also "Freezing Charm".

Impedimenta
"Impedimentum" is Latin for "a hindrance". Use to stop or slow down a person or creature (as
opposed to an object).

Imperio
From the Latin "impero," meaning "to give orders, rule, hold sway," or "imperium," meaning
"power to command, rule, control." The Imperius Curse. This is used to control the actions of
another person, leaving that person at the mercy of the spell caster. The experience of being
under the curse is described as a fantastic sense of release, until the victim starts to fight
back. The curse can be fought and its hold broken, but many witches and wizards are unable
to do so. Because of its very dangerous implications, the Imperius Curse is one of the three
Unforgivable Curses. Use of this curse against another human being is punishable by a life
sentence in Azkaban.

Imperturbable Charm
Impeturbable means "not able to be disturbed". Creates a barrier which sounds, objects and
people cannot cross.
Impervius
Impervious means "incapable of being affected". Used to make an object resistant to water.

Incantation Free Magic

Whilst the vast majority of spells have a notional verbal component, any spell can in fact be
cast without speaking by a sufficiently talented wizard. It appears that it is the power of the
mind and the body which causes the spell to take effect, and the incantation is merely a
vehicle used to help create the necessary mental and physical conditions for the magic to be
successful. The more advanced the magic, the more difficult it is to cast without its verbal
component, and even Voldemort can be found using the incantation for spells such as Avada
Kedavra. Non-verbal magic is taught in the sixth year and above at Hogwarts.

Incarcerous
"Incarcerate" means to shut in. Summons ropes which then bind the victim.

Incendio
"Incendo" is Latin for "set fire to". Creates fire.

Intruder Charm
The wizarding equivalent of a burglar alarm. It makes an audible signal when the area covered
by the charm is entered by somebody or something.

Invisibility Spell
Fred and George Weasley used this spell to good effect in their range of Headless Hats.
Hermione was particularly impressed that they'd managed to make the range of invisibility go
beyond the charmed object. This spell is different to Evanesco in that Evanesco actually
causes the item to cease to exist rather than simply making it invisible.

Inanimatus Conjurus
From the Latin "inanimus", meaning "inanimate", and the word "conjurus", a derivative of
"conjure"A spell mentioned in passing as homework in Harry's fifth year. The effect is
unknown, but presumably involves conjuring inanimate objects. Professor McGonagall said at
another point that Conjuring Spells were NEWT level magic, and so this is probably a
simplified version.

Instant Scalping Hex

Removes the hair from the victim – instantly. Harry consulted the book "Basic Hexes for the
Busy and Vexed" in preparation for the Triwizard tournament and found this spell but
discarded it due to the fact that dragons have no hair.

Jelly-Legs Jinx
Makes the victim's legs shake uncontrollably.

Knee-Reversal Jinx
When the ball from an early Quidditch game landed in Gertie Keddle's cabbage patch, she was
not impressed, and hexed the man who came to fetch it. The Knee-Reversal Jinx was the spell
she used, which had the expected effect on his knees.

Knitting Charm
This charm enchants knitting needles. Hermione bewitched knitting needles to knit house-elf
hats all by themselves for the SPEW cause.
Langlock
Glues the victim's tongue to the top of their mouth. Harry got this spell from the Half-Blood
Prince and used it twice on Argus Filch and again on Peeves.

Leek Hex
Causes leeks to grow out of the ears. In the build-up to the Gryffindor vs Slytherin Quidditch
match in 1994, a nasty incident occurred in which a Gryffindor 4th-year and a Slytherin 6th-
year ended up in the hospital wing with leeks sprouting from their ears.

Legilimens
From the Latin root "lego," meaning "to gather, collect, pass through, read.
"This is a practice very similar to Muggle mind-reading, except the Legilimens actually
explores another's mind and sees the memories stored there. A skilled Legilimens can target
the memories that are most hurtful, causing the most pain or fear and use that knowledge to
manipulate the person whose mind they have entered. Occlumency is the defence of the mind
against such an attack.

Levicorpus
From "levo", which is Latin for "to raise" and "corpus", which is Latin for "body". Dangles the
victim by their ankle in mid-air. It looks as though an invisible hook is holding the person up.
Harry cast this on Ron to find out what it did, and many years before, it was cast by James
Potter on Severus Snape. This is ironic, as it was Snape that invented the spell.

Liberacorpus
From "libaro", which is Latin for "to set free" and "corpus", which is Latin for "body". The
counter-spell to Levicorpus. It releases someone from being dangled upside-down so that they
crash to the floor.

Locomotion Charm
Parvati and Lavender were practicing this spell in preparation for their OWLs, making their
pencil cases race across the table. It is likely to be the same spell as Locomotor XXXX, shown
below.

Locomotor Mortis
The Leg-Locker Curse. Causes the victim's legs to lock together. The incantation for this spell
is of a similar form to the "Locomotor" spell but doesn't seem to sit very happily with it,
considering the very different effects.

Locomotor XXXX
"Loco" is Latin for "place". "Moto" is Latin for "to move". Causes an object to travel floating in
the air. The incantation used is Locomotor XXXX, where XXXX is the object that the caster
wishes to enchant.

Lumos
"Lumen" is Latin for light. "Luminosus" is Latin for "bright". Produces light from the end of the
caster's wand.

Memory Creation Charm

Quite different from the Memory Charm "Obliviate", this spell actually creates false memories
in the victim. It is an exceptionally complex piece of magic and so rare that the authorities do
not even consider that it might have been done when they obtain confessions from criminals.
This was certainly true in the case of Morfin Gaunt, who had a memory of killing the Riddle
family placed in his mind by Voldemort and was sentenced to life in Azkaban.
Mobili-XXXXX
"Mobilis" is Latin for "moveable". When XXXXX is replaced by an object, the object is forced to
move.

Morsmordre
From the Latin "Mors", meaning "death"" and the French "mordre", meaning ""to bite"". Hence
the literal meaning is "to bite death", which is consistent with the name of the Death Eaters,
who cast the the Dark Mark. This spell was cast for the first time in 13 years by Barty Crouch
Jnr at the Quidditch World Cup. It was also cast at Hogwarts when the Death Eaters, aided by
Draco Malfoy, infiltrated the school.

Muffliato
From the English word "muffle". Fills the ears of anyone near the spell caster with an
unidentifiable buzzing. Harry got this spell from the Half-Blood Prince and usually used it to
hold conversations in class without being detected.

Muggle-Repelling Charm
Used to keep Muggles away from things that wizards would prefer them not to see. No harm is
done to the Muggles in question.

Nox
Latin for "darkness".
This spell counters "Lumos" by extinguishing the light "Lumos" creates.

Obliteration Charm
"Obliterate" means to wipe out, leaving no trace.
This was used by Hermione to wipe out tracks in the snow. It may be able to remove other
marks as well.

Obliviate
"Oblivio" is Latin for "forgetfulness".
The Memory Charm. This spell erases sections of the memory of the victim as chosen by the
spell caster. It can wipe out the entire memory if the caster so chooses. The Memory Charm
deprives victims of essential knowledge, giving them amnesia-like symptoms that may be
incurable.

Occlumency
From the Latin "occlude," meaning "to close, shut up, close off.
"This is the defense of the mind against external attack. Occlumency is the only way to protect
one's mind from someone using Legilimency.

Orchideous
Named after the orchid, a type of flower. Creates flowers from the caster's wand.

Oppugno
Latin for "to attack". Causes something to attack a target chosen by the spell caster.
Hermiones used it to cause a small flock of conjured birds to attack Ron, and so it has been
confirmed that it works on living creatures. It may work on objects as well.

Permanent Sticking Charm

Charm used to attach one thing to another. Permanently.

Pepper Breath Hex

Harry found this spell in "Basic Hexes for the Busy and Vexed" when he was researching ways
to fight a dragon during the first task of the Triwizard Tournament. The effect is unknown, but
presumably gives the target person or creature hot or fiery breath. Harry decided not to use it
against the dragon, as it would just increase its firepower.

Peskipiksi Pesternomi
Used by Lockhart to attempt to get rid of Cornish Pixies. It had no effect, probably due to the
fact that he'd just made it up.

Petrificus Totalus
An adaptation of "totally petrify". Renders the victim temporarily unable to move.

Placement Charm
Used to remotely position an object. Presumably similar to object moving spells such as
Locomotor, except that the Placement Charm allows for accurate positioning of the target
object.

Point Me
The Four-Point Spell. This spell causes the spell caster's wand to act as a compass. By holding
the wand in open palm and saying the incantation ("Point Me"), the wand automatically points
North.

Portus
"Porta" is Latin for "gate".
This spell is used to turn an object into a Portkey. Portkeys are used to transport people from
one location to another almost instantly. A Portkey requires direct physical contact in order for
it to work properly. The use of Portkeys is closely monitored by the Office of Magical
Transportation.

Possession
This involves magically inhabiting or taking over the body of another person or creature.
Whilst Voldemort was hiding out in the forests of Albania, he took to possessing small
creatures – mainly snakes – to give himself a temporary physical form. He is also in the habit
of possessing Nagini, and possessed Harry during the battle at the Department of Mysteries as
well. Harry suffered extreme pain during possession, but this is likely to be due to his own
unique links with Voldemort, as Nagini showed no signs of pain when she was possessed.

Prior Incantato
From the Latin "priori prius," meaning "former, prior" and an adaptation of the English word
"incantation."
The Reverse Spell Effect. When cast, this spell causes a wand to create an echo or ghostly
image of the last spells it performed in reverse chronological order. A similar effect is known to
occur when two wands sharing a magical core taken from the same animal (not just another
animal from the same species) engage in battle. Brother wands cannot fight each other.
Instead, the wands lock together, connected by magical energy. One of the wands will
eventually force the other into a Reverse Spell Effect, which when it happens in this manner, is
referred to as Priori Incantatem.

Protean Charm
A spell which links the appearance of several items. When one item is changed, the others
change in the same way.

Protego
Latin for "protect".
The Shield Charm. This creates a magical shield to deflect minor to moderate spells and jinxes
cast by others. It is not advanced magic, as Harry managed to cast a very effective Shield
Charm against Severus Snape whilst practicing Occlumency during his fifth year, but none-
the-less a large number of adult witches and wizards are not proficient at it. The Weasley
twins have taken advantage of this situation by marketing a range of Shield clothing which
carries the charm and repels magic as though the wearer had cast it themselves.

Pus Hex
This spell was cast by Morfin Gaunt on Bob Ogden, when he went to visit the Gaunts as a
representative of the Magical Law Enforcement Squad in connection with Morfin's attack on
Tom Riddle Snr around 1925. It caused his nose to erupt into a cascade of pus, which could
only be stopped through magical means.

Quietus
Adaptation of "quiet".
This spell negates the effects of the Sonorus Spell, making a magically magnified voice return
to its normal state.

Reducio
Adaptation of "reduce".
This spell causes an object shrink. It also negates the effects of the Engorgio Spell, returning
any magically enlarged item back to its original size.

Reducto
This spell is used to blast solid object into pieces. It does not work on anything that is not
solid.

Refilling Charm
Causes a container to refill with whatever liquid it was originally holding. Harry cast this on
Slughorn's wine bottles when he was getting drunk with Hagrid after Aragog's funeral.

Relashio
This spell creates heat from the end of the wand. Normally sparks burst from the wand tip as
a result of this spell, but if the wand is underwater, the spell produces jets of boiling water
instead. When cast with enough vigour, this spell can be powerful to knock somebody off their
feet if it is cast at them.

Rennervate
This may be a spell that revives an unconscious person. The incantation is, however, curiously
close to the known spell Ennervate which has similar effects, and so when Harry attempted to
cast this on Professor Dumbledore in the Horcrux Cave, he may simply have been mis-casting
Ennervate in the heat of the moment.

Reparo
Latin for "to restore". Mends the target object.

Repelling Spell
Repels an Spells were used during early Quidditch matches to prevent the Snidget leaving the
playing area.

Restoring Spell
Used to make someone in their animagus state return to their normal form. Sirius and Remus
used this spell against Pettigrew in the Shrieking Shack to make him revert to human form.
The spell creates two flashes of bright light, after which the target animagus is transformed,
with the effect looking like a speeded-up animation.
Revelaspell
Invented by Scarpin, this is used to identify the ingredients of a potion.

Rictusempra
From the Latin "rideo risi risum," meaning "to laugh at, laugh."
The Tickling Charm. Causes uncontrollable laughter in the victim.

Riddikulus
Adaptation of "ridiculous".
Causes an item, creature or person to take on a humorous appearance of the spell caster's
choosing. Particularly useful against Boggarts, who are destroyed by laughter.

Scourgify
From the English word "scour", meaning "to clean".
Used to clean an item. This spell was used by Tonks to clean Hedwig's cage when she help
Harry pack before going to Grimmauld Place. James Potter also used it on Snape when he was
bullying him.

Scouring Charm
Probably the same spell as Scourgify, although this is never stated explicitly. Hermione tried
to teach this charm to Neville to clean his fingernails with, after Snape made him disembowel
a barrelful of horned toads in detention.

Sectumsempra
From the Latin "sectio", which means "to cut", and "semper", which means "always". Causes
deep wounds to be immediately cut into the victim, as though they were being slashed with an
invisible sword. Harry used it against Malfoy, not knowing what it did and was shocked at its
effect. He used it again against the Inferi in the Horcrux cave, with little effect. This spell was
invented by Severus Snape whilst he was a student at Hogwarts.

Serpensortia
From "serpent", a snake.
Creates a snake from the caster's wand.

Severing Charm
Cuts one thing from another. This is usually intended for use on items, but does work on living
matter as well, as it is known that Crups living in Muggle-inhabited neighbourhoods are
required to have their forked tails removed with a Severing Charm. If used on humans, this
charm would provide a handy means for Dark Wizards to kill people, creating a powerful
alternative to Avada Kedavra and has the advantage of not being Unforgiveable.

Shock Spell
A medicinal spell which treats the patient for shock.
A witch who wrote in to The Quibber following Harry's interview suggested he try a course of
Shock Spells in order to restore his sanity.

Side-Along-Apparition
"Appareo" is Latin for "appear" or "to become visible".When Apparating, it is possible for a
qualified wizard to Apparate someone else as part of the process in addition to themselves.
This technique is known as Side-Along-Apparition. The passenger being carried must grip
tightly on to the Apparator in order to ensure that they are transported correctly.

Silencio
From "silent".
This charm forces any person, creature, or object it is cast upon to fall silent, unable to make
any audible noise.

Slug Curse
Causes the victim to burp slugs.

Sonorus
Latin for "loud".
Projects the voice of the spell caster, making it very loud.

Spark Charm
Causes sparks to be emitted from the end of the caster's wand. This may be the same spell as
Relashio.

Specialis Revelio
"Specialis" is Latin for "special", and "revelo" is Latin for "to unveil". Causes an item to reveal
anything that has been hidden by magical means. Hermione used it to make sure there was
nothing untoward hidden in the Half-Blood Prince's copy of Advanced Potion-Making.

Stealth Sensoring Spell

Rather like a Secrecy Sensor, this spell detects illicit behaviour and alerts the caster. Professor
Umbridge had cast this spell on her office door when Harry broke in to contact Sirius using her
fireplace.

Stinging Hex
Produces a painful red weal on the victim's body.

Stretching Jinx
Causes something to stretch. Molly Weasley thought Harry and Ron looked like they'd had
Stretching Jinxes placed on them due to their rapid increase in height. Therefore the Jinx may
work on organic matter as well as objects, but Molly may have just been flippant.

Stupefy
"Stupefy" means "to dull the senses".
It may also derive from the Latin "stupefactus," meaning "stunned." This spell produces a bolt
of red light and stuns whoever it is cast upon, knocking the victim unconscious. A single
Stunning Spell is not strong enough to do any lasting damage to a victim, but multiple
stunners cast on one target can cause serious harm, as was done to Professor McGonagall
in Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix. The spell "Ennervate" can undo the effects of the
Stunning Spell and bring victims back to consciousness.

Substantive Charm
Effect unknown. Seamus revised this spell for his Charms OWL exam.

Switching Spells
These are a class of spells which change items from one thing into another. This is the major
branch of Transfiguration. It is not clear whether there are a number of related spells for
different types of switching or whether it is all done with a single spell, as no details of this are
given.

Talon-Clipping Charm
Harry found this charm in a book about dragon care when he was researching ways to defeat
a dragon for the first task of the Triwizard Tournament. He decided it wouldn't help him much.
Tarantallegra
The Tarantella is a fast Italian dance. Causes the victim's legs to dance uncontrollably.

Tergeo
Latin for "to wipe, scour or clean". Spell used to clean something. It may be restricted to
cleaning liquids; otherwise it would be no different from Scourgify. Hermione used it to clean
the blood from Harry's face after his nose had been broken.

Thief's Curse
Effect unknown. Dumbledore ordered that every copy of Quidditch Through the Ages sold to
Muggles was enchanted with this curse to prevent them reading it without buying it.

Toenail Growth
Charm Causes the victim's toenails to grow alarmingly fast.

Tongue-Tying
Curse Effect unknown, but probably something to do with by Professor Vindictus Viridian in his
book on curses and counter-curses.

Transforming Spells
A close relative of Switching Spells, this class of charm is used to change living creatures (as
opposed to items) from one thing into another. This is the other major branch of
Transfiguration. It is not clear whether there are a number of related spells for different types
of transformation.

Transmogrifian Torture
Lockhart thought that this had been used to kill Mrs Norris when she was found frozen rigid in
1992.
It hadn't of course - perhaps because no such curse actually exists. IN fact, Mrs Norris was not
dead at all and had been petrified by a basilisk.

Trip Jinx
Causes the victim to trip over.

Twitchy Ears Curse

Makes the ears of the victim twitch uncontrollably. Harry suffered a bad case of Twitchy Ears
after a particularly rigorous DADA lesson on hex deflection from Moody/Crouch.

Unbreakable Charm
Makes an item unbreakable.

Unbreakable Vow
This spell creates a magical treaty between two people. The two participating parties must link
their right hands in order for the spell to be cast. A third person, known as the Bonder, is also
required to witness the pact and magically seal it. The tip of the Bonder's wand must be
placed on the linked hands, and the terms of the treaty are made. As this is done, flame
issues from the wand and winds itself around the hands of the participants. At this point the
Unbreakable Vow is made, and if the terms of it are broken by one of the participants, they
will die. It is likely that no other spell can counteract the effects of the Vow once it is made.

Unplottable Charm
Used to make a location unplottable. This is a security measure effective against both Muggles
and wizards/witches, which is used to make it impossible to plot the charmed building or
location on a map.

Vanishing Spell
See "Evanesco".

Waddiwasi
Causes an item to fly at high speed where the spell caster wants it to. This is likely to be a
single variant of a general XXXXX-wasi spell which can be cast on any item. The XXXXX in this
case was chewing gum, which is the "waddi" part.

Wandless Magic
Traditionally, magic requires a wand to be used, although this is not always the case. There
are frequent examples of wandless magic throughout the books, and so it seems reasonable to
assume that whilst the wand is a useful (and often vital) channel for magical power, gifted
wizards can successfully cast spells without it when necessary. The more advanced the magic,
the more difficult it is to cast without a wand, however, and there have been no examples of
advanced spells being cast wandlessly. Severus Snape used a wandless Accio to summon the
ropes that he'd just used to tie up Remus Lupin to his hand in the Shrieking Shack in Prisoner
of Azkaban, whilst Harry's early life was littered with wandless magic such as his removal of
the glass in the reptile house at the zoo. In addition to this, house-elves never use a wand for
their magic.

Wingardium Leviosa
Taken in part from the Latin root "levo," meaning "to raise, lift up."
This spell causes an object to levitate. Once levitating, the object can be manipulated in midair
by the spell caster.

Wound Healing Spell

Heals wounds and causes the skin to knit back together. Professor Snape used this charm on
Draco Malfoy after Harry had attacked him using Sectumsempra