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The main objective of ocular medication delivery is to maximize the amount of medication that reaches
the ocular site of action in sufficient concentration to produce a beneficial therapeutic effect.

Natural barriers of absorption that diminish the efficacy of ocular medication include the following:

1. Limited size of the conjunctival sac.

2. Corneal membrane barriers.
3. Blood-ocular barriers.
4. Tearing, blinking, and drainage.

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 Topical anesthetics ± Proparacaine hydrochloride and tetracaine hyrdochloride

 Gyedriatics ± this is used for the main objective mydriasis, the pupil dilation.
 Cycloplegic agents ± reduces IOP
 |nti-inffective medication ± it includes, anti-biotics , antifungal (ampothericin), and anti viral
agents (|cyclovir)
£. Corticosteroids ± are commonly used as anti -inflammatory conditions of the eyelids, conjunctiva,
cornea, anterior chamber, lens and uvea.
6. NS|IDS
7. |nti-allergy medications ± ocular hypersensitivity reactions is the main concern of this
medication.
8. Eye irrigants and medications ± are used to cleanse the external lids hygiene, to irrigate the
external corneal surface to regain normal PH.

Nursing Ganagement

The objectives in administering ocular medications are to ensure proper administration to

maximize by therapeutic effects and to ensure the safety of the patient by monitoring for systemic and
local side effects.

|bsorption of eye drops by the nasolacrimal duct is undesirable because of the potential systemic
side effects of ocular medication. To diminish systemic absorption and minimize the side effects, it is
important to include the puncta.

Before the administration of ocular medications, the nurse warns the patient that blurred vision,
stinging, and a burning sensation are symptoms that ordinarily occur after instillation and are temporarily.