b

FRENCH MOROCCO
Combat
3U
The central area north of Marrakech and extending from the
Atlas mountains to the coastal area, is flat and well- supplied with
roads. It is excellent country for mechanized warfare.

f. Climate. As most of French Morocco faces 'the.. Atlantic-, its

climate is conditioned "by 'the Atlantic "breezes and cool Canaries cur­
rent. The cool, damp, south and southwest breezes from the Atlantic
counterbalance the extreme heat that comes from the Sahara..
The majority of the country is protected by the Atlas moun­ --
"the Siroco"
--
tains against the summer heat but the summer wind from the desert
passes the mountain barrier and brings great heat
with it during its season. This desert wind varies in different lo­
calities. For example: at Mogador, it is felt only during two or
three months and then only blows for half a day at a time; at Saf i
and at Agadir, north and souijh of Mogador, the Siroco blows at times
for several weeks continuously, and results in very hot summers at
those places. Maximum day temperatures in July and August are (average)
82° F. at Casablanca and 72° F, at Mogador.
Heavy dews, produced by the moisture in the Atlantic air in
contact with the cool Canaries current, are common along the west
coast of French Morocco and inland to the mountains. These dews'
render the nights excessively cool.
In general, along. the coast the seasonal variations of
temperature are small and the annual average is low. At Casablanca.,
the January average is 55° F. and the August average is 75° 5Vf at
Mogador the January average is 6l° F. and the August average is 71° -3?.
In the interior of the country, the conditions are quite different.
Daily variations are high> and the range between winter and summer
averages is considerable. Fes, for example, is from 50° to- 55° F.
warmer than Tangier. Marrakech, although nearly 1,500 feet above
sea level, often has a temperature in the shade in August of 10^° F.
Winter temperatures inland are lower than those on the, coast,
just as summer temperatures are higher. The Siroco is felt more in­
land than on the coast and its effects reach even as far north as Fes.
In the higher mountain regions, temperatures below freezing persist
for several months in the winter.
The. transition, from summer to winter is more marked in the

North than in the South, and occurs between September 15 and October 15.

The change from winter to summer takes place between April 1 and May 15.

- During the winter months, atmospheric depressions moving in

an easterly and southeasterly direction from the neighborhood of the

Azores affect Morocco, causing westerly winds to disturb the normal

northeasterly breezes. The first of these depressions is normally 1

felt in late September and the last in early April. Except during
the passage of these depressions, winds are normally from the North
or Northwest during the day and from Northeast or East during 'the
night .'-..;. . .'\u25a0

.
When weather conditions are settled, the amount of cloud over
the coast is about three-tenths in September and four-tenths to m^mmW^ l^^
a? <d9l& W^ki J? %T^ fry!.'
\u25a0*\u25a0 ™ w&
r

FRENCH MOROCCO

I
Combat

35

five-tenths in October; height of clouds from 2,000 to 3,000 feet.

There Is a fair amount of rain in the North in winter, rain falling
in small amounts about one day in three from the end of October to
the middle of May, and in appreciable quantity on about four days a
month.

Average Cloud Rainfall Poor

Month •
Temp. F. (in tenths) (in inches) .(days)
Visibility

January 56 k 3 (6 days) 2
April 61 lt-l/2 1 in North 2
0 in South
July 72 2 in North 0 6
5 in South
October 67 h 2 In North 1^
(5 days)
1 in South

.Fpg or poor visibility is not uncommon off the coast during

summer and 'autumn and is usually associated with southwesterly winds.
With further regard to rainfall, the year can be divided,
for convenience, into thirds. The first third of the year (January
x

to April) is the period of greatest rainfall when over \u25a0\u25a0\u25a0l9-3

A inches
are registered in certain areas. The larger of. these areas is
bounded by aline following the northern foothills of the Rif
(Spanish \u25a0Morocco)- but -excluding -the coast, to the eastern limit of
the range, then south to Taza and then through Ouezzane to the coast
at Larache. The second area is the vicinity of Azrou, principally
to the southwest of that town. There is little rain (with one excep­
tion) during the second third of the year (May to August) and the
average for the whole country for that period is less than four inches.
The exception is the high and middle Atlas ranges, with an off- shoot
Including Fes, where four to ten inches fall during these months. In
the last third of the year (September to December) the heaviest fall
is in the Culmes area where l^-j/k to 19-3 A inches fall during the
period. The only rain that falls all year In the Anti-Atlas range
falls in this last third of the year and with the exception of the
desert region, the whole country has four Inches or more at this time.

g* Diseases,

JT) Malaria. Malaria is nearly universal and is the princi

pal disease. Malaria accounts for an average of j8 percent of the

patients in hospitals, government hospitals and dispensaries alone
dealing with over 10,000 cases per year-. The disease has a tendency
to be more common in the South than in the North. Although it is
commonly associated with low countries there is record, of indigenous
malaria (benign tertian) at an elevation of over 6,000 feet in the
high Atlas Mountains.
i\
FRENCH MOROCCO
Combat
56
The lower part of the valley of the Sebou River is
highly malarious. The Sebou and its tributaries wander through a
flat, alluvial plain with an area of 2,900 sqiiare miles. They have
many alternative channels, their mouths are blocked often "by dimes,
especially near the coast, and the vast plain is full of large marches
which furnish ideal "breeding places for malaria- carrying mosquitoes.
The reclaiming of. this great area was begun as far back as 1935 by
the French, but it is a large and difficult problem to solve and its
solution is far from achieved. A survey of cases in this area shows
many grave clinical forms of malaria, the most common being the malig­
nant tertian, but there is no record of blackwater fever. Some cases
of cerebral malaria have been found among Europeans. •'\u25a0
\u25a0

In the cases of southern Morocco and in the southern

frontier, districts of Kiffa and Kaedi, malaria is abundant and grave,
the spleen rates being from h^> to yo percent.
The malaria season is summer and autumn. The peak of
the benign tertian type is about midsummer; the peak of the malignant
tertian type is several months later.
(2) Plague. Plague was abundant and. epidemic in Northwest
Africa until about 1820. Severe outbreaks had occurred at Fes,
Marrakech, and elsewhere. The disease then disappeared and was not
observed again until 1909. Since then it has been recorded nearly
every year and from almost every part of Northwest Africa, being quite
frequent in the ports (Casablanca, Rabat, Sale, etc.). In addition,
however, there have been epidemics in country districts (plains and
'
hills) and in the arid south.
In the ports the brown rat
j.
- -
and the black rat are both
present, and the disease is communicated there by the rat fleas. The
human flea is a real scourge in Morocco and some French authorities
believe that the plague is spread so widely over the country by this
flea, though Professor Buxton appears to attribute it to the rat flea
'
carried by wild rats instead.
It was reported by an American Vice-Constil on tour
through Marrakech, that there was considerable Bubonic Plague in the

(5) . Typhus .
city during the summer of 19^1.
There have been great epidemics of typhus in
all parts of the country. It is most abundant in coastal towns but
has attacked inland towns (e.g,^ Marrakech) as .well as rural popula­
tions, both villagers and nomads. The typhus season is winter and
spring.
1
The French have given much study to the control of the
disease and they employ two principal methods: specially designed
motor trucks with apparatus by means of which garments are fumigated
with HCN go about the country; country- wide inoculation campaigns,
with much publicity, are: launched periodically. The French medical
authorities are. well pleased with the results of the inoculation and
claim that it checks an epidemic. The natives appear to be very
enthusiastic about being inoculated and vaccinated against anything.
 "
%
j

FRENCH MOROCCO

Combat

37

(^) Relapsing Fever . The two types of this fever, the

epidemic, (louse-carried) and the sporadic (tick-carried) "both occur.
There have not, however, been serious' outbreaks of this disease for
some years. The sporadic type might develop, as it did in Palestine
during the war of 191^-18, if troops were to sleep in -caves or earth
shelters'. .
(5) Other .Diseases. Visceral leishmaniasis is rare but it
is widely distributed. Dermal leishmaniasis is not common but is wide­
spread. The sand, flies which carry these, diseases are numerous and.
of many varieties.
There are no records of yellow fever but the yellow
fever mosquito- (Aedes aegypti) is widely spread not only in ports and
coast towns but in the interior (e.g., Marrakech).
Eruptive Fever. Common to Mediterranean countries, is
common also in Morocco in the summer months.
Urinary schistosomiasis. Is very abundant in certain
spots, usually in the vicinity of slow-moving rivers or large marshes.
There are foci of the disease at Karia ben Aouda, at Souk el Arba
(Sebou Valley), and in the Kiffa district (southern frontier) .
From 500 to 600 cases of guinea worm are treated annually.
The hookworm is found only in mines and is absent in
the rest of the country.
Syphilis is fairly prevalent.
(6) Pests. The domestic mosquito, along with his more
dangerous brethren, is present in Morocco, and there are many species
of black fly.
There are four species of scorpions: two yellow ones
which are found away from houses and are not dangerous; two black ones
found in houses, under rocks, in cracks in masonry walls, etc. These
have a venomous sting from which many children and a few adults die
each'yisar. Persons are stung by these venomous insects while sleeping
on the floor, leaning against walls, etc. The Pasteur Institute,
with headquarters at Algiers, has an antidote for. the scorpion sting.
A small mite which attacks the skin and causes serious
eruptions, inhabits barleyvand straw. Men who handle forage must be
on the lookout for this pest.
There is a large grayf ly which deposits maggots in
wounds and cuts on men and animals. The maggots destroy tissues with
great rapidity and cause the spread of sepsis, with resultant serious
injury. Free irrigation with chloroform water destroys the maggots
and is far more efficacious in this instance than swabbing with
alcohol or iodine.
Military hospital records show the following rates of
disease among military personnel over a period of years: .
Malaria, 13 to 67 per 1,000,

Ameebic dysentery, 6 to 12 per 1,000,

Bacillary dysentery, O.k to 0.6 per 1,000.

 FRENCH MOROCCO

Combat

38

Because of lack of soap, poverty and poor sanitary

conditions in Spain, there is a great deal of typ&tas prevalent. Most
certainly this will "be carried into the Spanish Zone of Morocco, and
some of it.willno doubt get over into the northern portion of the
French Zone and may spread southward. Recently, (January 2^,19^2)
a serious typhus epidemic was reported in Bou Arfa in the extreme
eastern central part of French Morocco.
Mention has already been made of the epidemic of
Bubonic plague in the Tar oudant -Marrakech area.

V. CIVILIANS

16. Government of Morocco.

Allof Morocco, of which the French and Spanish zones are part,
is an absolute Monarchy in.principal, under the rule of the hereditary
Sultan. The Sultan resides in the French zone, normally at Rabat, "but
occasionally at one or another of his traditional capitals, Fes, Meknes
or Marrakech. Under the terms of the convention of Fes of 1912 con­
cluded between the French and the father of. the present Sultan, the
French zone is a protectorate of France and the Resident General
(representing France) serves as Governor of the zone and Foreign
Minister to the Sultan.
The ancient administrative organization (the "Makhzen") is retained
insofar as the government of the natives is concerned. :The Sultan is
represented at Fes, Marrakech and Tiznit by his brothers or half-brothers
who bear the title of "Khalifa" and who act as his deputies in all
religious matters. Since practically the whole of a Mussulman's life
is governed by his religion, this means that the Khalifas are, in
©ffect in their localities, the supreme rulers for all practical
purposes.
Under the Sultan there are various "Viziers", headed by the
Grand Vizier, who is Minister of the Interior. Under the "Viziers"
\u25a0

there are "Pashas" and "Caids" lesser local luminaries in the adminis­
trative and judicial, especially the judicial, firmaments. The Sultan
holds weekly meetings of'his- "Viziers" and the Council of Viziers has
as its liaison with the Resident General (French) a French Counsellor
who is charged with Sherif ien affairs under the Resident General. At
the present time the Resident General is under the Secretariate
General of French Northwest Africa in Algiers . The French Zone is
divided into administrative regions, each with its chief, who may be
a civilian or an Army officer, but is now usually the latter. Each
region is subdivided into a certain number of administrative districts
administered' by officers of the Service dcs Affaires Indigenes or
political controllers as the political situation demands.
The head of each city government is charged with the direction of \u25a0

all the technical services of the city administration and is charged

also with the supervision of the native authorities. The Pasha, or
 p 1

...tl
FRENCH MOROCCO

Combat

39

ancient chief of the city, representing the "Makhzen" (native govern­

ment) is aided by one or more Khalifas and "by a prevost of the merchants
and craftsmen. The Head of the city government (French) and the Pasha
are assisted "by the Municipal Council composed of French and natives
with equal authority and responsibility.
Among the tribes, the chief of Native Affairs is represented by
the Caids, each of whom has authority in the rural districts. In each
city quarter and in each country village there is a council of natives
which, under the Caid, is the political agency of the tribe as well as
the source of regulations governing marriage, business transactions,
repudiations, etc.
With regard to his personal status, the European is suibject to ,
the regulations laid down by the office of the Resident General and
applied by the French courts. For the acquisition of property, he
is bound by the Koranic law applied by the Caids in agreement with
regulations promulgated by the Resident General. Native affairs,
disputes, etc., are adjudged by native agencies, usually by the Caid
sitting as judge. *

17. Civilian Morale and: Attitude.

a.Native.
(l) Morale. Native sympathies and morale differ according
to locality. At Casablanca, they are afraid of the Germans and inclined
to bow to their will. The same seems to be true at Fedala and other
nearby ports along the coast.
At Rabat, they are influenced by the deference shown the
Armistice Commission by the French officers.
At Fes and Meknes, the natives are more warlike and are
still devoted to the French.
As regards the Berbers, it is important to remember
that money will buy their loyalty. The Germans have tried to use these

people as sources of Information and would have been quite successful

but for the efforts of the French authorities, who impose heavy penal­
ties on natives when they .catch them associating with Germans.

(2) Attitude. The natives (Arab and Berber) respect power

more than anything else on earth. The decisive defeat of the French
made a profound impression on them.
The Germans promised the natives much and now have been
unable to fulfilltheir promises. The natives have observed this.
<
They have also observed Americans riding about the country with
American flags flying on their cars. Even the small amount of supplies
we have been able to send them under the Plan for Economic Assistance
has had a very good effect.
The Glaoui, Ruler of Marrakech, who- once was very
pro-British, has lost confidence in them and inasmuch as many of his

investments are in America he feels quite friendly to the United States.

He has stated that he would put 20,000 Partisan troops at our disposal

if we come to Morocco with a respectable force.

 FRENCH: MOROCCO

Combat

ko

The general feeling is that America is their only logical

means of assistance, and. the only country they could trust to assist
them. It is thought that an American occupation of Morocco would be
welcomed "by the natives.

b. White's..
(l) Morale and Attitude The white population can "be divided
into three groups :

(a)Those who are actively against the Germans;

(t>)
Those who have accepted the defeatist attitude and
through apathy are inclined to lean towards doing nothing. (This seems
to "be the attitude of the majority.)
(c) Those who are all-out collaborationists and out
spoken in their admiration of the Germans. (This group is largely com­
posed of small and large "business operators and property owners.)

The second group are the most important as they are "by
far the majority. Their .attitude changes with the military success or
failure of the Allies. They are afraid cf the English and the
de Gaullists, but if the Americans appeared on the scene with sufficient
means to defend them against the Axis, it is thought they would welcome
them. v . , •
.

c * Conclusion. If America were able, "by positive propaganda and

politics, to gain an appeal from Morocco for help, they might secure
an unopposed landing on arrival.
If, without a prior appeal for assistance, we were to arrive
on the scene alone, without any English or de Gaullists support, with
an overwhelming supply of arms, food and men, we would it#et little
opposition and find the great majority cooperative.

18. German Armistice Commission.

a# Personnel. At times there have "been as many as UOO Germans

attached to the Commission in Morocco. It is thought that there are
about 150 at present (January, 19^+2).
Over a.nd a"bove the Commission, there are thought to "be many
German Foreign Legionnaires who have he en released at the request of
the Commission and are still in Morocco.
There has also "been some infiltration of German tourists
"but not. in any great numbers as yet.

"b* Organization.
The German control commission in Morocco
(Kontrol Inspection Africa) has "been in existence since the end of
19^0. The headquarters for '
all North Africa are at Casablanca. There
are subdivisions In Fedala, Marrakech and Meknes. There are also'
liaison commissions in Or an, Algiers, and Tunis.
 . \u25a0
« 1 I \u25a0\u25a0

Combat
kl
The Control Commission is thought to consist of the
following divisions:

(l) The Army Division. This has its headquarters in Fedala

at the Hotel Minamar, and. has subdivisions in Meknes and Marrakech.
In Fedala, itself, it has two other sub-commissions, one for war
material and one for weapons and equipment.
(2) The Control Division of Armaments and Mineral Oil.
This group have their headquarters in the Villa Mirador in Anfa.
(3) The Air Control Commission is in Fedala.
(h) The Marine Control Commission in Anfa. This consists
of ai officer and, four sailors.
(5) The News Division. This is located in the Villa Dar
Beida in Anfa.

These are the various divisions in outline. , In addition,

there is the motor transport service, with chauffeurs for the German
Commission and at least thirty automobiles in Morocco.
There was at one time a large amount of aviation person­
nel, consisting of pilots, wireless operators, mechanics and ground
crews. However, it has been so reduced of late that there are now
few pilots available. ,
(6.) Aside from the Control Commission there are various
diplomatic officers belonging to the foreign office who are not sub­
ordinate to the Control Commission. They are concerned with the
repatriation of the former German Foreign Legionnaires, with economic
questions, and with espionage in- every field. ,

c. Activities .
(l) Army Mission. This group has been most concerned with
strengthening Morocco to resist any American or English occupation.
They are interested in airdrome sites and make inspections of the
defense set-up. On the whole they have attended to business and have
not interf erred.
(2) German Foreign Office Group. This group has been the
cause of the most friction with French arid natives. They have made
repeated efforts to get to the natives and cause trouble and their
continued espionage activities, using Berbers has proved annoying to
the French. . , .
(3) Attitude. They usually wear civilian clothes and
are the bovl!; of politeness. However, at one time (October 19^1)
they donned their uniforms and side arms to show the French who were
the real masters .
d. Attitude of Moroccans towards Germans.
(1). Native. The' Germans have failed to reach the natives
due to the efforts of the French to prevent their doing, so. Their
ineptmss at dealing with colonial people and the failure of their
promises to materialize has been their undoing. It must be remembered
7.
that the native is basically a materialist.
 FRENCH MORC
MOROCCO

Combat

I*2

(2) Whites. With the exception of a few ultra-collaboration­

ists the white population keep clear of them. People quite often get
up and leave restaurants when they make their appearance and several,
women have had ; their heads shaved and been exiled for associating with
them. The Army has threatened to discipline any officer seen with
them, and the navy., collaborationist as it tends to "be, permits no
interference "by the Commission.

c. Conclusions. Their presence in Morocco does not constitute

any great danger. They are } very strictly watched by the French
authorities arid care is taken that they do not exceed their official
functions.
The French have successfully resisted their efforts to
establish relations with the natives.
America's effort in sending supplies arid . the 'frequent travel
of our officials about the country has done much to counteract their
influence. The Germans have several times protested these activities.

VI. OIL

19 • Storage Facilities Available in French Morocco .

TOWN
- OWNER NO. OF CAPACITY
TANKS U.S. BBLS REMARKS

Casablanca Shell 2 6,285 White products.

Roches Noire 7 98,685 Black products.
Military 23,885 Benzine and aviation
spirit.
Rabat Shell 6 2,90^ Benzine, kerosene, and
gas oil.
Safi Shell 5 9,7*42 White products. .
Fedala Shell 7 105,600 White products.
Shell 1 12,571 Gas oil.
Shell 2 16,971 Bitumen..
SVOC-CIMAR 66,188 Benzine,
SVOC-CIMAR 18,291 Kerosene
SVOC-CTMAR 18,291 Gas oil.
C.M.C lU,k^7 Benzine.
C..M.C IV15? Gas oil.
S.F.I.S 10,685 Benzine.
S.F.I.S Ikyk'ij Aviation spirit.
S.F.I.S 5,971 Gas oil. ,
S.M.P.P. 10/559 Benzine.
S.M.P.P. h,OQ^ Gas oil.
Port Lyautey Shell 7 25,1^2 White products.
Shell 1 1,257 Gas oil-
SVOC-CIMAR 3,39^ Benzine.
 FRENCH MOROCCO

Combat

hi
NO. OF CAPACITY
TOWN OWNER TAMS U.S. BBLS. REMARKS

Port Lyautey SVOC-CIMAR •

817 Ablation -spirit.
C.M.C. 21,685
Benzine.
.C.M.C. 3*991
Kerosene.
S.P.I.S. 29,19k
Benzine.
Mazagan Shell 5 1,571
Benzine,
'
kerosene, gas
oil.
Oujda Shell 5 3,356
Benzine, kerosene, gas
oil.
Petit Jean Shell 1 31^
Benzine, kerosene > gas
oil.
Taza Shell . k 1,257
Benzine, kerosene, gas
oil.
Marrakech Shell 3 9^2
Benzine, kerosene, gas
oil.
Fes Shell 6 2,903
Benzine, kerosene, gas
oil.
Meknes Shell k 1,257
Benzine, kerosene, gas
oil.
Various inland 3,959
Aviation spirit.
installations 28,285
Benzine.
in French Morocco 2,07^ Kerosene.
3,17^ Gas oil.
TOTAL FBENCH MOROCCO;
Coastal 530,985
Inland 52,001

Total French Zone 582,986

20. Oil Transportation Available

a.Allof the oil companies in French Morocco have "been organized

in a "Group" "by the French Residency. Alloil companies "by law have
to belong to this group. The otgect is, of course, to pool all the
resources and equipment in Morocco.
The following is a list of the trucks and trailers, excluding
Army and Navy equipment, available in French Morocco.

SUMMARY

(l) Shell Oil Company of Morocco: 30 trucks (18 platform

type and 12 tank) .
Total capacity of l8platform
trucks, 30,780 gallons. Total capacity tank trucks
16,8^2 gallons. Total all trucks Shell Company
k"] 622
} gallons. Above was situation as of February
1941.
 FRENCH MOROCCO

Combat

kk

(2) Compagnie Morocalne dcs - Car ."burants : 30 trucks in Morocco

as of February 10,19^1. Total "base capacity 3^,307
gallons; total maximum capacity 36 > $37 gallons * Five
of these are tank trucks. There are seven trailers..
(3) Soclete Francaise de Distribution dcs Petroles Au Moroc:
Eight trucks (two tank trucks) with total capacity
9,432 gallons as of March 31> 19^1. .
Ik) Sbc. Morocaine dcs Produits dv Petrole: Three trucks,
total capacity 8,976 gallons as of July 31y 19^1.
(5) Socony-Va^uaam Oil Company:
-
C.I.M.A.R.
S.V.O.C.
-Ik trucks.
37 trucks, three tractor trucks, four
trailers, four semi -trailers. Some of these
trucks were in bad condition when this report
(July 19^1) was written. The supply situation
"being what it is, it is doubtful whether or not
the above figures are correct. They are probably
too high.
The makes of trucks of all these companies include: Berhits,
Renault s, Fords, Internationals, Fargos, Chevrolet s, Saurers, Baldwins,
,
General Motors, Whites, Chenard and Walkers DeSotos> Reos, Citroens,
Diamonds, Panhards, Rochets, Latils, Manchesters, Rochet-Sclineiders,
'
:
and Fiats. ';\u25a0; ;" .
\u25a0
\u25a0

\u0084

, •

b. In addition to the motor transportation, the "Groupi". has as

of February 19^-1, 92 railroad tank cars of from hr kQS gallons to :

5,280 gallons capacity each. They also control the ship TEMARE
(Socony Vacuum), capacity 1,3^? tons (538 tons in bulk-,, 808 tons in
containers); and the MELUSINE (Shell Oil) capacity Uo^- tons in bulk
only. These two ships are used mainly for the coastwise delivery of
fuels from. Casablanca to the smaller shallow draft ports. .
The "Group" sometimes charters for oil shipments French
vessels of.the Companie Auxihare de Navigation: the S.S. SHEEEREZADE
and seagoing vessels of other lines.
 FRENCH MOROCCO

Combat

kk

(2) Compagnie Morocaine dcs Carburajits

: 30 trucks in Morocco
as of February 10,19^1. Total "base capacity 3^,307
gallons; total maxim-urn capacity 36,037 gallons. Five
of these are tank trucks. There are seven trailers.,
(3) Societe Francaise de Distribution dcs Petroles Au Moroc:
Eight trucks (two" tank trucks) with total capacity

.
9,^32 gallons as of March 31,\ 1941.
(k) Soc Morocaine dcs Prodult s dv Petr ole : Three trucks
total capacity .8,976 gallons as of July 31> 19^1.
\u25a0

,
-
(5) So cony- Vacuum Oil Qcmpaiay:
C.I.M.A.JR.
S.V Q.C. #
-
1^- trucks.
37 trucks 9 three tractor trucks, four
trailers > four semi -trailers. Some of these
trucks were in "bad condition when this report
(July. l9^l) was written. The supply situation
"being what it is, it is doubtful whether or not
the a"bove figures are correct. They are pro"ba"bly
too high.
The makes of trucks of all these companies include: Berhits,
Renaults, Fords, Internationals, Fargos, Chevrolets, Saurers, Baldwins^
General Motors, Whites, Chenard and Walkers, DeSotos, Reos, Citroens,
Disjnonds, Panhards, Rochets, Latils, Manchester s, Rochet-Sclineiders, )
and Fiats . .

"b. In addition to the motor transportation, the "Group" has as

of February 19^-1, 92 railroad tank cars of from gallons to
5,280 gallons capacity each. They also control the ship TEMARE
(Socony Vacuum)^ capacity 1,3^7 tons (538 tons in "bulk, 808 tons in
containers); and the MELUSIKE (Shell. Oil) capacity tons in hulk
only. These two. ships are used mainly for the coastwise delivery of
fuels from CasalDlanca. to the smaller, shallow draft ports.
The "Group" sometimes charters for oil shipments French
vessels of the Companie Auxihare de Navigation: the S.S. SHEHEREZADE
and seagoing vessels of other lines. '\u25a0\u25a0\u25a0. \u25a0\u25a0'
 FRENCH MOROCCO

Combat

SOCIETE SHELL DU MABOC, S.A. ||| iff| Mftf%11*11^1%

CAPACITY
CENTRE MAZE (GALLONS)

Casablanca
n
Panhard In Bulk 1214. k

tt
In Bulk 1320.0

Saurer Platform 1323.0

it tt
In Bulk 792. 0

n tt
Platform 1029.0

it tt
In Bulk 792.0

tt it
Platform V&%0

tt

tt
tt
tt
Platform 1617.0.

In Bulk 1320.0

tt
Chevrolet
In Bulk 1320.0

tt
Saurer
In Bulk
tt \u25a0
Chevrolet Platform
it tt
Platform 882.0

« Internat ional In Bulk 1320.0

it
Diamond . Platform 1293.6

it ;
International In Btil& 1584.0

tt
Berliet In Bulk 2112.0
tt
International Platform 1911.0
tt
Chevrolet . Platform 882.0

n
Dodge Platform 1U70.0

Fedala Saurer
tt it

tt
In Bulk. 2112.0
tt
In Bulk I^7B.k
Ra"bat Dodge Platform lVro.q

Port Lyautey Saurer Platform 1523.0

tt n
Citroen Platform 1764.0

Pet itjean Saurer Platform 1323.0

Meknes Internat ional Platform 1323.0

tt
Fes Platform 1323.0

Taza
Oujda
tt
Diamond

Chevrolet

it
Platform
Platform
Platform
.
1293.6

1029 0

1029.0

Marrakeeh Saurer Platform 1323. Q

Safi .. Diamond Platform 1

1293.6

Ateliers Citroen Platform 1617.0

Ateliers Saurer Platform 1029.0

Ateliers Saurer Platform 1029.0

ii-7,622 Gallons
Total Tank 16, 842. Gallons

Total Platform
- 30,380 Gallons

 FRENCH -MOROCCO.

Combat

COMPAGNIE MAROCAINE PES CARBURANTS I

IrJPI"'J|*w
%^| 25a0. IP11
"*.!\ui
..
f
TKUGK..SITUATION- AS OF FEBRUARY -10, lsW"^*1
'."-.TYPE CAPACITY.
- '
:\
TOWN REMARKS MAKE OF WAGON BASE MAXIMUM
(GALLONS) . V,
Casablanca G*P.M. Rochet Petroleum ; 588 \u25a0\u25a0;.,. 6U6.8

Berliet Platform ¥(6k + 1852.2 +

"\u25a0:\u25a0\u25a0\u25a0 tf
with trailer 882 882

" Renault Tank . .. 1188.0 1188.0

" ;
Reserve Fafgo Platform 735.0 iSk.k
" In Service Chevrolet Platform 588.0 676.2
Reserve Rochet Platform 1176.0 126k, %
M If
Citroen Tank 660,0 660.0
tt ti

M ||'
Berliet Tank ISBWV 158^.1+
Internat i
onal Mixed 1188.0 1188.0
" Mri.,o
Not
" Available Rochet Platform 1176.0 126U.2
tl. '»

ft U
Internat i
U
onal Platform 1176.0 126k. 2
" «»
International Platform 1176.0 1523.0
H
International Platform' Ij6k \u2666.. XjSk \u25a0\u26 6
»t H It
with trailer 1176 1176
" Rochet PetroleTom 588.0 6^6.8
,If If
Renault Mixed 792.0 792.0
'Fedala
- G.P.M. Rochet Platform
176. k
1176.0
176.il­
126V2
Ra"bat
"
" Internat ional Platform 1176.0 1323.0
Port Lyaut ey G.P.M.,
Reserve Rochet Tank 1056.0 1056.0
- Reserve " Saurer Platform 2058.0 2058.0
"\u25a0'. \u25a0 Inter nat i
onal Platform 1617.0 1705.2

Meknes G.P.M. Rochet Platform

1176.0 126^.2
" Reserve Chevrolet Platform 882.0 970.2

Reserve Inter nat i

onal Platform 1176.0 1264.2

Fes
" G.P.M. Ford
Platform 1176.0 1523.0
\u25a0 Reserve Rochet Tank 1056.0 1056,0

Oujda G.P.M.
" Chevrolet Platform 882.0 970.2

Mazagan
" Rochet Platform 1176.0 1264.2
Agadir . Chevrolet Platform 882.0 970.2

TOTALS 5^,507 56,057

(The cities listed are present assignments of trucks.)
 AftM^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^K^^^^gj^^tf|^^^H^u^
FRENCH MOROCCO

Combat

hi

SOCIETE FRANCAISE DE DlSTRlBUTlJr|||lf|| m

DES PETROLES AU.MABOC \u25a0^\u25a0"'4l| ltt^|i
LIST OF TRUCKS AS OF MARCH 31, 19^1
CAPACITY PRESENT
TOW MAKE TYPE OF WAGON (GALLONS) DISPOSITION

Casablanca Berliet Covered Platform iVfO.O Reserve

Rochet-Schneider Platform 882.0 Service
it

tt
Saurer . Tank 1581+.0 G.P.M.
Manchester Tank . 792.0 Service
tt
Fiat Covered Platform 882.0 G.P.M.
11
Renault Covered Platform 1176.0 G.P.M.
Oued-Zem Panhard Covered Platform IV/0.0 G.P.M.
Meknes International Covered Platform H76.0 G.P.M.

fQTAL $,2+32 Gallons

SOCONY -VACUUM OIL COMPANY, INCORPORATED

Direction Generale pour le Maroc ,

TRUCK SITUATION AS OF JULY 51, 19^1

C. I.M. A. R.
MAKE YEAR BODY WORK FUEL* ASSIGNMENT

Berliet" 1927 Bulk 2,6^-0 Gals-. Gas Supplying Provost Marshal (PM)
at Fedala.
Renault
Renault
1929
1929
Oil truck.
Oil truck. Gas On "blocks
-
Gas Listed for condemnation.
"bad condition.
Ford
Renault
1930
1931
Small cab.
Oil truck. Gas On "blocks
-
Ale. Maintenance of pumps.
"bad condition.
International 1938 Platform "with rack. -
Ale. On duty for Provost Marshal, Fes
Fargo 1938 Bulk 1,58^ Gals. Gas On "blocks new. -
Chevrolet
International
1938
1938
Platform with rack.
Platform with rack.
Gas On "blocks
Gas ' On "blocks
new.
new.
-
International 1938 Platform with rack. Gas To be repaired and put on
blocks.
Saurer 1928 Platform with rack. Ale. On duty PM, Casablanca.
Saurer 1929 Platform with rack. Gas Listed for condemnation.
International 1937 Platform with rack. Gas To be repaired" and put on
blocks.
International 1937 Platform with rack. Ale. On duty PM, Meknes

(* Ale.
-
Alcohol.)
 FRENCH MOROCCO

Combat

hQ

SOCONY-VACUUM OIL COMPANY, INCORPORATED

Direction Generale pour le Maroc §fa h^m &»
mTCK SITUATION,AS OF JULY 31* AOPlflfi^,
MAKE YEAR BODY WORK FUEL ASSIGNMENT
Baldwin
Berliet
1930
i9sB
Tractor normal gage
Platform with rack.
Gas
Gas In reserve
-
Moving water tanks.
bad condition.
Saurer 1929 Platform with rack. $ie. On duty PM, Rabat.
Saurer 1929 Platform with rack. Gas On duty PM, Pet itJean.
Saurer 1929 Platform with rack. -
Gas Being condemned.
Renault
Saurer
Ford
1929
1929
1929
Oil truck.
Platform with rack.
Small cab.
Gas On blocks

Ale. Warehouse service

.-
bad condition.
Ale.On duty PM, Rabat
bad

Renault 1929 Oil truck. Gas On blocks

-
condition.
bad condition
(to be examined).
Saurer
C.M.C.
Saurer
*
1929 Platform with rack.
1929 Platform with rack.
1930 Bulk 1320 Gals. Ale On. duty
. . .,
Ale. On duty PM, Dued-Zem.
Gas On duty S V•. 0 C
Bulk PM,
Tangier .
Casablanca.
Saurer 1930 Platform with rack.
JPlatform -­
Ale. On duty PM, Casablanca.
Trailer
Trailer
1930 with rack.
1930 Bulk 1320 Gals.
-­ On duty PM, Casablanca.
On duty PM, Casablanca.
White 1932 Platform with rack. Ale. On duty PM, Casablanca.
Ford 1931* Small cab. Ges Serving the workshops .
Trailer 193^ Platform with rack. On duty PM, Petit jean.
International 193^ Oil truck. Gas On blocks (to be repaired).
International 193^ Oil truck. Gas General repair.
Ford 1954 Small cab. Ale. Lub oil (Mr. Pujol).
Chevrolet 1935 Closed car. Gas Transport of night recon.
personnel.
International 1936 Platform with rack. Ale. On duty PM, Mechra-Bel
Ksiri.
International 1936 Platform with rack. Gas Being inspected, to be put

International 1937 Platform with rack. .on blocks.

Ale On duty PM, Meknes .
. -­
Internat ional 1937 Tractor. . Ale. On duty PM, Casablanca.
Semi -trailer 1937 Platform with rack. On duty PM, Casablanca.
Semi -trailer 1937 Mixed 500 liters + On blocks, good condition.
International 1937 Platform with rack. Ale. On duty PM, Fes.
International 1937 Platform with rack. Gas Reserve truck, good

International
Semi -trailer
1937. Tractor.
1937 Platform with rack,
-­ condition.
Gas On blocks, good condition.
On blocks, good condition.
Renault 1930 Platform with rack. Gas On duty EM, bad condition.
Chenard & Walker 1928 . Tractor. Gas Moving water cisterns.
 FBENCH MOROCCO

Combat

Ford 1938 Platform with rack. Gas blocks, good, as new

On
De Soto 1938 Platform with rack. Gas "blocks, good as new
On
Fargo 1938 Platform with rack. Gas "blocks, good condition
On
Fargo 1938 Platform with rack. Gas "blocks, good as new
On
Reo 1938 Platform with rack. Ga.s duty at Gibraltar.
On
De Soto . 1938 Platform with rack. Gas duty PM, Marrakech
On
International 1939 Tractor. Gas "blocks, good condi"
On condition
Semi -trailer 1959 Bulk 3960 Gals. "blocks, good condition.;
On
Ford 1932 Platform with rack. Ale. Shipping and delivery of
oils S.V.OoC
Fargo 1939 Platform with rack. Gas On "blocks, good as new
De Soto 1939 Platform with rack. Gas On blocks, good as new
De Soto

Ford
1939 Platform with rack.
1931 Platform with rack.
"blocks .
Gas To be repaired, put on

Ale. On duty PM, Settat

Trailer 1931 Bulk 1320 Gals. On "blocks, good condition

SOCIETE MAROCAIHE DES PRODUITS DU PETROLE

LIST OF TRUCKS AS OF AUGUST 31. 19^1

MAKE TYPE IOF WAGON CAPACITY

-Fargo
" "
Tank 3960.0 Gallons "
" 3^32.0 ' "
Latil 158U.0
TOTAL 8,976 Gallons
 FRENCH MOROCCO

Combat

50

VII. CONCLUSIONS.

The military force in French Morocco is so illequipped, that

I would have small chance of standing off a German invasion from :
ianish Morocco for very long. The Army knows this and wishes to pre­
pnt trouble with Germany at all costs. The army does not want to
ight the United States or Britain "but will certainly fight the latter
f they try an invasion and the French are ordered to fight "by Vichy.

2. It will take a strong force to occupy Morocco "by landing, for

the French will fight unless they are sure the occupying force is
strong enough to protect them from the Germans.

J. The great majority of the people are apathetic and those that
areri/t have no organization or leader.

k. The natives will he loyal to the strongest force in Morocco

5- If the United States should arrive in'Morocco with a strong

force and mnch equipment, with no English or Free French in accompani­
ment and with food and supplies for distribution and sale to the popu­

.
lace, they' would, meet with less opposition than in company with those
whom the local French do not trust

6. It is of vital importance to the Allies that this area "be, not

occupied "by German troops.