Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Prepared
By :
1
Power Line Carrier Communication System
LT
Power Line
(50Hz)
C
C
RF carrier
(40-500kHz)
PAX
RT
U
PLCC
TERMINAL Transmission
(AB-ETL41) line 2
PLCC
Technology
PLCC system uses the same High Voltage transmission line connecting two
sub-stations for telecommunication purpose too.
PLCC is used in all power utilities as a primary communication service to transmit
speech, telemetry and protection tripping commands. This is economic and
reliable for inter grid message transfer as well as low bit rate RTU signals.
The voice/data are mixed with radio frequency carrier (40-500kHz), amplified to a
level of 10-80W RF power and injected in to high voltage power line using a
suitable coupling capacitor. The power line as a rigid long conductor parallel to
ground, guides the carrier waves to travel along the transmission line. Point to
point communication takes place between two SSB transceivers at both ends.
3
Line diagram
Sub- display
Station bay- To other S/S
1
Line Isolator
Circuit Breaker
Bus Bar
#1
Bus Bar
#2
Single Line
digm 4
H.V Line
Line Trap
Coupling
capacitor
Components
PLCC LMU
terminal
Coaxial
cable
PLCC Terminal = Translates voice and data into High Frequency Carrier. Output Power =10 to 80W
LMU = Line Matching Unit = For impedance matching between line and coaxial cable, includes high
voltage protection devices like drainage coil(20mH), lightening arrestor(500V) and an earth switch.
Coupling Capacitor = Couples high frequency carrier with Power Line ( 4000 to10000pF)
Line Trap = Do not allow the transmitted HF carrier to enter inside the sub-station. (L = 0.5 to 2mH)
With out Line trap HF carrier get by-passed to some other line on the same bus bar and may leak
to ground ( a earth switch inside the yard provided for each bay is kept closed during maintenance)
5
Coupling Scheme
Behind Front
Line To
Trap
remote
Coupling substatio
The PLC
Capacitor
signal is
n
routed to
Line H.V Line
•Transformer Matching
(s) Unit
•BusBar
The PLC
signal is
not
Coaxial
absorbed
by the
Local substation
substation
PLC terminal
6
Line trap
function = PLC signal Blocking
HV Line
Power
energy
PLC
Signal
Substatio
n
7
Line Trap
Components
Corona ring
Liftinglug
Terminal
Main coil
Tuning device
Pedestal
Protective device
Tie rod
8
Line Trap is a parallel LC
circuit
Inductance
of
main Coil
Lightning Series
Arrester resistance
Tuning
Capacitor
9
Line Traps Mounting
Options
10
CVT : CAPACITIVE VOLTAGE
TRANSFORMER
11
LMU
function
Line Trap
LMU = impedance matching Transformer
+ high voltage Protection
Coupling
To prevent dangerous potential on the Capacitor
s/s
PLCC connection
To match PLCC set & transmission Line LMU PLC
Coaxial
Matching + Protection
LMU
12
Modular Coupling
Device
ABB make MCD-80
13
Elements of Coupling Device
• Drain coil for draining of HV leakage currents to earth.
•Lightning arrester at the line terminals of coupling device for
transients protection
• Transformer for impedance matching and galvanic isolation between
line and PLCC terminal.
• Earth switch for grounding of line terminals during maintenance.
• High-pass or band-pass filter elements for efficient matching.
• connectivity to equipment room through coaxial cable.
14
LMU functional blocks
Substation HV -line
Line
trap
Coupling
capacitor
Tx
ABB
MCD 80 or Coax cable Rx
PLC
Cabinet
15
HF Coupling modes LT
LT
Cc LT
Cc Cc
PLC LMU
Cc Cc
Phase-to-Ground
LMDU LMU
Inter circuit
PLC
Phase-to-Phase
16
Function of PLCC
terminal
IF
Module
Cabine
s
t 18
Multiplexing speech & data in 4 kHz
raster
Speech 3.4 kHz
Programmable
speech bandwidth
Speech 3.4 kHz
tele protection
(4 trip commands)
0.3 2.0 3.6 4.0 kHz
plus
Speed
Tele metering
300 Bd
(FSK modem) Center frequency
120 Hz steps
1200 Bd
19
ABB PLCC terminal ETL- 41
System data -- complies to IEC 495
Operating mode : Single side band Suppressed carrier
Frequency range: 40 to 500kHz (programmable in 4 kHz Steps)
AF Bandwidth: 4 kHz (Speech band=300 – 3400 Hz)
Transmitter RF output power : 40W ( +46 dBm)
Spurious suppression > 60 dB
Pilot channel : 3780 + 30 Hz
Receiver RF sensitivity : - 24 dBm
Receiver Selectivity : 70dB ( 300Hz from band
limit)
Receiver Image rejection > 80 dB
Receiver IF rejection > 80 dB
20
Installation
LT
LT
cc cc
C
FAX
ETL ETL
FAX
M M
21
Effect of bad weather on PLCC
communication
Losses increase for all inclement weather conditions
22
RF
Noise
RF noise in HV line two mains effects
Other variations are possible due to the construction, altitude and age of the
line
23
Corona
Noise
Voltage Correction
(kV) (dB)
Bad weather Noise
33 - 14
132 -4
220 0
400 +4
500 +5
24
PLCC test instrument: Selective Level
Meter
25
PLCC test instrument : Selective Level
Oscillator
26
THANK YOU ALL
27