Summary

Anatidae and shorebird monitoring for the Monitoring Site 1000 project requires international cooperation
as such species migrate on a global scale. In order to grasp their migration trend more accurately, it is
necessary to analyze and share data and information of their habitats among parties not only in Japan but
also abroad. In view of this, the following projects were implemented.

1. Collection and analysis of results from the Asian Waterbird Census, an international framework of
migratory waterbird counts in the Asia-Pacific region, and other census programs

2. Holding an international symposium to grasp the habitat situation, share data and information on
migratory waterbirds and to facilitate international cooperation in Asia

3. Develop an inventory of migratory waterbird sites (monitoring sites) in Japan as a model project for
data and information sharing and communication
1
2


２㧚ᶏᄖߩᷰࠅᕈ᳓㠽࠺࡯࠲ߩ෼㓸࡮ᢛℂ࡮⸃ᨆ

㧝㧕ࠕࠫࠕ᳓㠽࠮ࡦࠨࠬ㧔AWC㧕

㧔㧝㧕࠺࡯࠲ߩ᭎ⷐ

Ԙ AWC㧔Asian Waterbird Census㧕ߣߪ

 ࿖㓙Ḩ࿾଻ోㅪว㧔Wetlands International‫ޔ‬એਅWI㧕߇ታᣉߒߡ޿ࠆࠕࠫࠕ᳓㠽࠮ࡦࠨࠬ㧔Asian Water-
bird Census‫ޔ‬એਅAWC㧕ߪ‫⚂᧦࡞࡯ࠨࡓ࡜ޔ‬Ḩ࿾ߩ⊓㍳ၮḰߩ߁ߜ‫࡞࡯ࠨࡓ࡜ޟ‬ၮḰ6㧔ㅢ⒓̌᳓㠽ߩ1㧑
ၮḰ̍㧕‫ߩޠ‬ၮḰ୯ߣߥࠆ᳓㠽୘૕⟲ផቯ㧔Waterbird Population Estimate㧕ߩ࠺࡯࠲ᩮ᜚ߣߥࠆ⺞ᩏߣߒߡ
WI߇1987ᐕ߆ࠄታᣉߒߡ޿ࠆ਎⇇᳓㠽࠮ࡦࠨࠬ㧔International Waterbird Census㧕ߩࠕࠫࠕ࡮ᄥᐔᵗ࿾ၞߩ
⺞ᩏߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
 ᣣᧄ߆ࠄߪ‫ࡕࠞࡦࠟޔ‬㘃ߩ↢ᕷ⺞ᩏ߿㊀ⷐ↢ᘒ♽⋙ⷞ࿾ၞࡕ࠾࠲࡝ࡦࠣផㅴ੐ᬺ㧔ࡕ࠾࠲࡝ࡦࠣࠨࠗ࠻
1000㧕ߩ࠺࡯࠲ߥߤࠍAWCߦឭଏߒߡ޿ࠆ㧔࿑1-1㧕‫ޕ‬

䊝䊆䉺䊥䊮䉫䉰䉟䊃㪈㪇㪇㪇㩷 䈠䈱ઁ䈱᳓㠽⺞ᩏ㩷
䋨䉲䉩䊶䉼䊄䊥㘃䇮䉧䊮䉦䊝㘃䋩㩷 䉧䊮䉦䊝㘃䈱↢ᕷ⺞ᩏ㩷 䋨䉿䊦㘃䈭䈬䋩㩷

࿑1-1 ᣣᧄߩ᳓㠽㘃⺞ᩏߣAWCߩ㑐ଥ


3


ԙ࠺࡯࠲ߩ࿾ℂ⊛▸࿐
㩷
㩷 㪘㪮㪚䈱䊂䊷䉺䊔䊷䉴䈮䈲䉝䉳䉝ోၞ䈱䊂䊷䉺䈏ᩰ⚊䈘䉏䈩䈇䉎䈏䇮ᧄ੐ᬺ䈪䈲ᣣᧄ䉕ㅢㆊ䈜䉎䉧䊮䉦䊝䈍䉋䈶䉲
䉩䊶䉼䊄䊥㘃䈫㑐ㅪ䈜䉎࿾ၞ䋨᧲䉝䉳䉝䊶䉥䊷䉴䊃䊤䊥䉝࿾ၞ䊐䊤䉟䉡䉢䉟䋩䈫䈚䈩䇮࿑㪈㪄㪉䈱᩶⦡䈱▸࿐䈱䊂䊷䉺䈮䈧䈇
䈩㪮㪠䉋䉍ឭଏ䉕ฃ䈔䈩૶↪䈚䈢䇯㩷

࿑㪈㪄㪉㩷 㪘㪮㪚䊂䊷䉺䊔䊷䉴䈮⸥㍳䈏䈅䉎㪈㪐㪎㪊ᐕએ㒠䈪䇮৻ᐲ䈪䉅䉧䊮䉦䊝㘃䈏⺞ᩏ䈘䉏䈢࿾ὐ䉕䂥䇮䉲䉩䊶䉼䊄䊥㘃
䈏⺞ᩏ䈘䉏䈢࿾ὐ䉕䀼䇮ਔᣇ䈏⸥㍳䈘䉏䈢࿾ὐ䉕䂾䈪⴫䈚䈩䈇䉎䇯㩷


4


Ԛ࠺࡯࠲ߩሽ࿷ߔࠆᦼ㑆㩷
㩷
㩷 㪘㪮㪚䊂䊷䉺䊔䊷䉴䈮䊂䊷䉺䈱䈅䉎期間䈲࿖䈮䉋䉍⇣䈭䉎䈏䇮㪉㪇㪇㪎ᐕ䉁䈪᭎䈰㪉㪇ᐕ೨ᓟ䈱䊂䊷䉺䈏⊓㍳䈘䉏䈩䈇
䉎䇯㩷
䊂䊷䉺⊓㍳䈱䈅䉎㩷 㩷 䊂䊷䉺⊓㍳䈱䈅䉎㩷
࿖䋨࿾ၞ䋩ฬ ࿖䋨࿾ၞ䋩ฬ
৻⇟ฎ䈇ᐕ ৻⇟ฎ䈇ᐕ
㪘㪬㪪㪫㪩㪘㪣㪠㪘 㪈㪐㪎㪊 㩷 㪣㪘㪦 㪈㪐㪏㪐
㪙㪩㪬㪥㪜㪠 㪈㪐㪏㪍 㩷 㪤㪘㪣㪘㪰㪪㪠㪘 㪈㪐㪏㪐
㪫㪟㪘㪠㪣㪘㪥㪛 㪈㪐㪏㪍 㩷 㪭㪠㪜㪫㪥㪘㪤 㪈㪐㪏㪐
㪙㪘㪥㪞㪣㪘㪛㪜㪪㪟 㪈㪐㪏㪎 㩷 㪥㪦㪩㪫㪟㩷㪢㪦㪩㪜㪘 㪈㪐㪐㪇
㪟㪦㪥㪞㩷㪢㪦㪥㪞 㪈㪐㪏㪎 㩷 㪧㪘㪧㪬㪘㩷㪥㪅㪞㪬㪠㪥㪜㪘 㪈㪐㪐㪇
㪤㪰㪘㪥㪤㪘㪩 㪈㪐㪏㪎 㩷 㪧㪟㪠㪣㪠㪧㪧㪠㪥㪜㪪 㪈㪐㪐㪇
㪚㪟㪠㪥㪘 㪈㪐㪏㪏 㩷 㪪㪠㪥㪞㪘㪧㪦㪩㪜 㪈㪐㪐㪇
㪪㪦㪬㪫㪟㩷㪢㪦㪩㪜㪘 㪈㪐㪏㪏 㩷 㪚㪘㪤㪙㪦㪛㪠㪘 㪈㪐㪐㪊
㪫㪘㪠㪮㪘㪥 㪈㪐㪏㪏 㩷 㪩㪬㪪㪪㪠㪘 㪈㪐㪐㪎
㪠㪥㪛㪦㪥㪜㪪㪠㪘 㪈㪐㪏㪐 㩷 㪤㪦㪥㪞㪦㪣㪠㪘 㪉㪇㪇㪇
㪡㪘㪧㪘㪥 㪈㪐㪏㪐 㩷 㪤㪘㪚㪘㪦 㪉㪇㪇㪉
㩷 㩷 㩷 㪫㪠㪤㪦㪩㩷㪣㪜㪪㪫㪜 㪉㪇㪇㪊

⴫1-1 AWC࠺࡯࠲ࡌ࡯ࠬߦ࠺࡯࠲߇⊓㍳ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆᦼ㑆

ԛࠨࠗ࠻ߩ⛮⛯ᕈ

೨㗄ߢ20ᐕ೨ᓟߩᦼ㑆ߩ࠺࡯࠲߇޽ࠆߣㅀߴߚ߇‫ᦼߩߘޔ‬㑆ߩߔߴߡߩᐕߦߔߴߡߩࠨࠗ࠻ߢ⛮⛯⺞ᩏ
߇ⴕࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆࠊߌߢߪߥߊ‫⺞ࠈߒ߻ޔ‬ᩏߐࠇߡ޿ࠆᐕߩᣇ߇ዋߥ޿ߣ⸒ߞߚᣇ߇ࠃ޿‫ޕ‬એਅߩࠣ࡜ࡈߢ
ਥⷐߥ࿖ߢߤߩߊࠄ޿ߩ㗫ᐲߢ⺞ᩏ࠺࡯࠲߇ሽ࿷ߒߡ޿ࠆ߆ࠍ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬
ᣣᧄߩ᳓㠽㘃ߣߩ㑐ଥࠍ⷗ࠆ႐วߦߪ․ߦਛ࿖߿㖧࿖ߣ޿ߞߚห✲ᐲ਄ߩㄭ㓞࿖ߩ࠺࡯࠲߇㊀ⷐߛ߇‫ޔ‬
ਛ࿖ߢߪ㧝࿁ߒ߆⺞ᩏߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿ࠨࠗ࠻߇⚂490ࠞᚲ߽޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ㅪ⛯ߒߡ⺞ᩏ߇⛯޿ߡ޿ࠆ࿾ὐ߇ዋߥ޿‫ޕ‬


25

20

15

䉰䉟䊃ᢙ

10

0
1䌾5 6䌾10 11䌾15 15䌾20 21䌾25 26䌾30 31䌾35
⺞ᩏ࿁ᢙ

࿑1-3 ࠝ࡯ࠬ࠻࡜࡝ࠕߩࠨࠗ࠻ߩ⺞ᩏ࿁ᢙ


5


200 40

180
35

160
30
140

25
120

䉰䉟䊃ᢙ 100 䉰䉟䊃ᢙ 20

80
15

60
10
40

5
20

0 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 19 20
⺞ᩏ࿁ᢙ ⺞ᩏ࿁ᢙ

࿑1-4 ਛ࿖ߩࠨࠗ࠻ߩ⺞ᩏ࿁ᢙ
࿑1-5 㖧࿖ߩࠨࠗ࠻ߩ⺞ᩏ࿁ᢙ

20 100

18 90

16 80

14 70

12 60

䉰䉟䊃ᢙ 10 䉰䉟䊃ᢙ 50

8 40

6 30

4 20

2 10

0 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

⺞ᩏ࿁ᢙ ⺞ᩏ࿁ᢙ

࿑1-8 บḧߩࠨࠗ࠻ߩ⺞ᩏ࿁ᢙ ࿑1-7 ࡈࠖ࡝ࡇࡦߩࠨࠗ࠻ߩ⺞ᩏ࿁


6


60

50

40

䉰䉟䊃ᢙ 30

20

10

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

⺞ᩏ࿁ᢙ

࿑1-6 ᣣᧄߩࠨࠗ࠻ߩ⺞ᩏ࿁ᢙ

ԜAWC࠺࡯࠲ߩᕈᩰߦߟ޿ߡ

AWCߪࠕࠫࠕᄥᐔᵗ࿾ၞߢ᳓㠽ߩᖱႎࠍ৻ర⊛ߦ㓸⚂ߒߡ޿ࠆ໑৻ߩᨒ⚵ߢ޽ࠆ߽ߩߩ‫ޔ‬AWC࠺࡯࠲
ࠍ೑↪ߔࠆߦߪ‫ޔ‬એਅߩὐߢᵈᗧ߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

x ࠺࡯࠲ߩሽ࿷ߒߥ޿ᐕߪ‫ޔ‬᳓㠽߇޿ߥ߆ߞߚߩ߆‫⺞߽ߣࠇߘޔ‬ᩏࠍߒߥ߆ߞߚߩ߆߇ਇ᣿ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
x ᢥ₂⺞ᩏߣ⃻࿾⺞ᩏߩ඙೎߇ઃ߆ߥ޿‫ޕ‬
x ⺞ᩏᣇᴺߦ㑐ߔࠆ⸥ㅀ߇ߥ޿ߚ߼‫ోޔ‬⒳ኻ⽎ߩ⺞ᩏࠍߒߡ޿ࠆߩ߆ุ߆߇ਇ᣿ߢ޽ࠅ‫⃻ޔ‬࿾⺞ᩏߢ
޽ߞߡ߽⸥㍳ߦ⴫ࠇߥ޿⒳߇࠯ࡠߢ޽ࠆߎߣߦߪߥࠄߥ޿‫ޕ‬
x ਄⸥ߩℂ↱߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬หߓฬ⒓ߩࠨࠗ࠻ߢ⛮⛯ߒߡᖱႎ߇޽ߞߡ߽‫⺞ޔ‬ᩏ▸࿐‫⺞ޔ‬ᩏᤨ㑆Ꮺ‫⺞ޔ‬ᩏᣇᴺ
߇หߓ߆ߦߟ޿ߡߪਇ᣿ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
x ࠨࠗ࠻ߩⅣႺᄌൻࠍ⍮ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߥ޿ߚ߼‫࠻ࠗࠨޔ‬୘೎ߩⷐ࿃ߢ୘૕ᢙ߇ᄌൻߒߚߩ߆‫ోޔ‬૕⊛
ߥ୘૕ᢙᄌൻߩ௑ะ߇޽ࠆߩ߆ࠍ್ᢿߢ߈ߥ޿‫ޕ‬
x AWCߦ⊓㍳ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆᣣᧄߩ⺞ᩏ࿾ࠍ⺞ߴߚߣߎࠈ‫ޔ‬㐳ᐕߩ㑆ߦ⇣ߥࠆ࿾ฬߢ⊓㍳ߐࠇߚࠅ‫ޔ‬ᣂⷙ
ߩࠨࠗ࠻߇ฎ޿ࠨࠗ࠻ߦࠝ࡯ࡃ࡯࡜࠶ࡊߒߡ޿ࠆ߽ߩ߇޿ߊߟ߆޽ߞߚ‫ઁޕ‬࿖ߩ੐ᖱߦߟ޿ߡ߽‫ޔ‬
AWC੐ോዪ߇࠴ࠚ࠶ࠢߪߒߡ޿ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬චಽߦୃᱜߢ߈ߡ޿ߥ޿น⢻ᕈ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
x AWCߢ⺞ᩏߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߩߪ⿧౻ᦼߩ⸥㍳ߩߺߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬




7


㧔㧞㧕ਥⷐߥ⒳ߩಽᏓߦߟ޿ߡ

Ԙࠟࡦ㘃࡮ࡂࠢ࠴࡚࠙㘃

 AWC࠺࡯࠲ࡌ࡯ࠬߦ⸥㍳ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ1973ᐕ㨪2007ᐕߩ⸥㍳㧔࿖ߦࠃࠅ⺞ᩏ㐿ᆎᐕߪ⇣ߥࠆ㧕߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄ
ߩࠟࡦࠞࡕ㘃ߩ↢ᕷ⺞ᩏߢ୘૕ᢙߩᄌൻ௑ะࠍ⷗ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆࠟࡦ㘃ߣࡂࠢ࠴࡚࠙㘃ߦߟ޿ߡ‫ᦨޔ‬ᄢ୯
ࠍ⒳೎ߦ᛽಴ߒߡ࿾࿑㧔࿑1-9㨪࿑1-24㧕ߦ␜ߒߚ‫⊕ޔ߅ߥޕ‬ᛮ߈ߩዊߐߥ٤ߪ‫ޔ‬AWCߢ৻ᐲߢ߽ࠟࡦࠞࡕ
㘃߇⸥㍳ߐࠇߚߎߣ߇޽ࠆ࿾ὐࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬
 ᦨㄭ10ᐕ㑆ߣߘࠇએ೨ߣߩ୘૕ᢙࠍᲧセߔࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬ฦ㗄ߩ਄ㇱߦ1997ᐕએ೨ߩಽᏓ࿑ࠍ‫ޔ‬ਅㇱߦ1998ᐕ
㨪2007ᐕߩಽᏓ࿑ࠍ⴫␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫߇࠻ࠗࠨߒߛߚޕ‬ਥߥ↢ᕷ࿾ࠍ✂⟜ߒߡ޿ࠆߣߪ㒢ࠄߥ޿ߎߣ߿‫ޔ‬ฎ޿
⸥㍳ߦߪ⒳ߩ⺋หቯߩน⢻ᕈ߽޽ࠆߚ߼‫ߩࠣࡦࡇ࠶ࡑߩߎޔ‬ᖱႎߛߌ߆ࠄ୘૕ᢙߩᄌൻࠍផ᷹ߔࠆߎߣߪ
㔍ߒ޿‫ޕ‬



8


࿑䋱䋭䋹䌾࿑䋱䋭䋲䋴䋺䉧䊮㘃䊶䊊䉪䉼䊢䉡㘃䈱⿧౻ᦼ䈱ಽᏓ㩷
=1?ࠝࠝࡂࠢ࠴࡚࠙ Cygnus cygnus

1 - 100
101 - 500
501 - 1000
1001 - 1500
1501 - 5000
࿑1-91997ᐕએ೨ 5001 - 7000

1 - 100
101 - 500
501 - 1000
1001 - 1500
1501 - 5000
࿑1-101998㨪2007ᐕ 5001 - 7000

ߎߩ࿾࿑ߦ␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ୘૕ᢙ߿ಽᏓߩ⁁ᴫߪో↢ᕷ࿾ࠍ✂⟜ߒߚ⺞ᩏߢᓧࠄࠇߚ߽ߩߢߪߥ޿ߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᔅߕߒ߽ቢో
ߥಽᏓ⁁ᴫࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ߥ޿႐ว߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

 ࠝࠝࡂࠢ࠴࡚࠙ߩ⿧౻ಽᏓߪ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߩ᧲ർ࿾ᣇ‫ޔ‬㖧
࿖‫ޔ‬ਛ࿖ߩ㤛ᴡᵹၞߦ㓸ਛߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ߣ࡚࠙࠴ࠢࡂࠦޔ‬Ყ
セߔࠆߣ⿧౻࿾߇ർᣇߦ޽ࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬


9


=2?ࠦࡂࠢ࠴࡚࠙ Cygnus columbianus

1 - 200
201 - 1000
1001 - 3000
3001 - 6000

6001 - 10000
࿑1-111997ᐕએ೨ 10001 - 80000

1 - 200
201 - 1000
1001 - 3000
3001 - 6000

6001 - 10000
࿑1-121998㨪2007ᐕ 10001 - 80000

ߎߩ࿾࿑ߦ␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ୘૕ᢙ߿ಽᏓߩ⁁ᴫߪో↢ᕷ࿾ࠍ✂⟜ߒߚ⺞ᩏߢᓧࠄࠇߚ߽ߩߢߪߥ޿ߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᔅߕߒ߽ቢో
ߥಽᏓ⁁ᴫࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ߥ޿႐ว߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

 ࠦࡂࠢ࠴࡚࠙ߩਥⷐߥ⿧౻ಽᏓߪ‫࡚࠴ࠢࡂࠝࠝޔ‬
࠙ࠃࠅ߽ධㇱߦ૏⟎ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߣ߶߷ห✲ᐲߦ
޽ࠆ㖧࿖߿ਛ࿖ർㇱߦߪ⿧౻ᢙ߇ዋߥߊ‫ޔ‬ᄢ㒽ߢߪ
ࠝࠝࡂࠢ࠴࡚࠙ߩ⿧౻࿾ߣᲧߴ‫ࠅࠃޔ‬ධߩ㐳ᳯᵹၞ
ߦᄢ߈ߥ⿧౻࿾߇޽ࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬


10


=3?ࡑࠟࡦ Anser albifrons

1 - 1000
1001 - 3000
3001 - 6000
6001 - 20000

20001 - 60000
࿑1-131997ᐕએ೨ 60000 - 11000

1 - 1000
1001 - 3000
3001 - 6000
6001 - 20000

20001 - 60000

࿑1-141998㨪2007ᐕ 60000 - 11000

ߎߩ࿾࿑ߦ␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ୘૕ᢙ߿ಽᏓߩ⁁ᴫߪో↢ᕷ࿾ࠍ✂⟜ߒߚ⺞ᩏߢᓧࠄࠇߚ߽ߩߢߪߥ޿ߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᔅߕߒ߽ቢో
ߥಽᏓ⁁ᴫࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ߥ޿႐ว߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

 ࠕࠫࠕߢߩࡑࠟࡦߩ⿧౻ಽᏓߪᣣᧄ߆ࠄਛ࿖ߦ߆ߌߡߩ࿾ၞߣߐࠇ
ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬AWCߩ⸥㍳ߢߪ‫ߦ․ޔ‬ᣣᧄ‫ޔ‬㖧࿖‫ߡߒߘޔ‬ਛ࿖ߩ㐳ᳯᵹၞ
ߦᄢ߈ߥ⿧౻࿾߇޽ࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬



11


=4?ࡅࠪࠢࠗ Anser fabalis

1 - 1000
1001 - 2000
2001 - 5000
5001 - 10000

10001 - 20000
࿑1-151997ᐕએ೨ 20000 - 30000

1 - 1000
1001 - 2000
2001 - 5000
5001 - 10000
࿑1-161998㨪2007ᐕ 10001 - 20000
20000 - 30000

ߎߩ࿾࿑ߦ␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ୘૕ᢙ߿ಽᏓߩ⁁ᴫߪో↢ᕷ࿾ࠍ✂⟜ߒߚ⺞ᩏߢᓧࠄࠇߚ߽ߩߢߪߥ޿ߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᔅߕߒ߽ቢో
ߥಽᏓ⁁ᴫࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ߥ޿႐ว߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

 ࡅ߽ࠪࠢࠗࡑࠟࡦߣࠃߊૃߚ⿧౻ಽᏓࠍߒߡ߅
ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄ‫ޔ‬㖧࿖‫ޔ‬ਛ࿖ߩ㐳ᳯᵹၞߦᄢ߈ߥ⿧౻࿾
߇޽ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬


12


=5?ࠦࠢࠟࡦ Branta bernicla

1 - 10
11 - 50
51 - 100
101 - 200

࿑1-171997ᐕએ೨ 201 - 500

501 - 1200

1 - 10
11 - 50
51 - 100
101 - 200

201 - 500
࿑1-181998㨪2007ᐕ 501 - 1200

ߎߩ࿾࿑ߦ␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ୘૕ᢙ߿ಽᏓߩ⁁ᴫߪో↢ᕷ࿾ࠍ✂⟜ߒߚ⺞ᩏߢᓧࠄࠇߚ߽ߩߢߪߥ޿ߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᔅߕߒ߽ቢో
ߥಽᏓ⁁ᴫࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ߥ޿႐ว߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

 ᶏ਄ߢ↢ᵴߔࠆࠦࠢࠟࡦߪ⏕⹺߇㔍ߒ޿ߚ߼‫ߩ⷗⊒ᧂޔ‬
↢ᕷ࿾߇ᄙߊ޽ࠆߣᕁࠊࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬AWCߩ࠺࡯࠲ߦߪਛ࿖ߢ
ߩ⸥㍳߇߶ߣࠎߤߥ޿߇‫੹ޔ‬ᓟ‫⸃ޔ‬᣿߇ㅴ߻ߎߣ߇ᦼᓙߐ
ࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬


13


=6?ࠞ࡝ࠟࡀ Anser erythropus

1 - 10
11 - 500
501 - 1000
1001 - 2000

2001 - 3000
࿑1-191997ᐕએ೨ 3001 - 20000

1 - 10
11 - 500
501 - 1000
1001 - 2000

2001 - 3000
࿑1-201998㨪2007ᐕ 3001 - 20000

ߎߩ࿾࿑ߦ␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ୘૕ᢙ߿ಽᏓߩ⁁ᴫߪో↢ᕷ࿾ࠍ✂⟜ߒߚ⺞ᩏߢᓧࠄࠇߚ߽ߩߢߪߥ޿ߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᔅߕߒ߽ቢో
ߥಽᏓ⁁ᴫࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ߥ޿႐ว߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

 ࠞ࡝ࠟࡀߪ✚୘૕ᢙ߇2000⠀㧔Waterbird Population Esti-

mates -- Fourth Edition Wetlands International2006㧕ߣផቯߐ
ࠇ‫ޔ‬IUCNߩ࡟࠶࠼࡝ࠬ࠻㧔IUCN 2009. IUCN Red List of
Threatened Species. Version 2009.1. 㧕ߦ߽⸥タߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ⛘Ṍ
ෂᗋ⒳ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬1998ᐕ㨪2007ᐕߩ࿾࿑ߢߪ㐳ᳯᵹၞߦ⿧౻࿾
߇⷗ࠄࠇࠆ߇‫ޔ‬2007ᐕߩSHENGJINHUNATURERESERVE
ߢ200⠀߇⸥㍳ߐࠇߚએᄖߪ‫ߩߤޔ‬࿾ၞߢ߽10⠀એਅߩ୘૕
ߒ߆⸥㍳ߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޕ‬
 ৻ᣇ‫ޔ‬1997ᐕએ೨ߩ࿾࿑ߢߪᢙ⊖⠀߆ࠄᢙජ⠀ߩ⿧౻࿾߇
⷗ࠄࠇ‫ᦨޔ‬ᄢᢙߪEASTDONTINGLAKEߢ1997ᐕߦ⸥㍳ߐ
ࠇߚ20000⠀ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬


14


=7?ࠨࠞ࠷࡜ࠟࡦ Anser cygnoides

1 - 100
100 - 500
501 - 1000
1001 - 3000

࿑1-211997ᐕએ೨ 3001 - 6000

6001 - 75000

1 - 100
100 - 500
501 - 1000
1001 - 3000

࿑1-221998㨪2007ᐕ 3001 - 6000

6001 - 75000

ߎߩ࿾࿑ߦ␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ୘૕ᢙ߿ಽᏓߩ⁁ᴫߪో↢ᕷ࿾ࠍ✂⟜ߒߚ⺞ᩏߢᓧࠄࠇߚ߽ߩߢߪߥ޿ߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᔅߕߒ߽ቢో
ߥಽᏓ⁁ᴫࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ߥ޿႐ว߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

 ࠨࠞ࠷࡜ࠟࡦߪਥߣߒߡਛ࿖ධㇱߢ⿧౻ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ᦨޕ‬ᄢ
୘૕ᢙߪ‫ޔ‬1997ᐕએ೨ߣ1998ᐕએ㒠ߢᄢ߈ߥᄌൻߪ⷗ࠄࠇ
ߥ޿‫ޕ‬


15


=8?ࡂࠗࠗࡠࠟࡦ Anser anser

1 - 100
101 - 500
501 - 1000
1001 - 2000

2001 - 5000
࿑1-231997ᐕએ೨ 5001 - 10000

1 - 100
101 - 1000
3001 - 6000
1001 - 2000

࿑1-241998㨪2007ᐕ 2001 - 5000

5001 - 10000

ߎߩ࿾࿑ߦ␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ୘૕ᢙ߿ಽᏓߩ⁁ᴫߪో↢ᕷ࿾ࠍ✂⟜ߒߚ⺞ᩏߢᓧࠄࠇߚ߽ߩߢߪߥ޿ߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᔅߕߒ߽ቢో
ߥಽᏓ⁁ᴫࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ߥ޿႐ว߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

 ࡂࠗࠗࡠࠟࡦߪ࡙࡯࡜ࠪࠕᄢ㒽ߦᐢߊ↢ᕷߔࠆ⒳ߢ޽
ࠅ‫⿧ߩࠕࠫࠕޔ‬౻࿾ߪਛ࿖ධㇱ߆ࠄࠗࡦ࠼ࠪ࠽ർㇱ‫ࡦࠗޔ‬
࠼ർㇱߦ෸߱‫ޕ‬AWC࠺࡯࠲ߢߪਛ࿖ධㇱߩࠨࠗ࠻߇ዋߥ
޿ߚ߼‫ߩߘޔ‬࿾ၞߩ⸥㍳߇ᛮߌߡ޿ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬
 1997ᐕએ೨ߣ1998ᐕએ㒠ߩᦨᄢ୘૕ᢙࠍᲧߴࠆߣ‫ޔ‬㐳ᳯ
ᵹၞߢ5000⠀એ਄ߩᄢ߈ߥ୘૕ᢙ߇⏕⹺ߐࠇߥߊߥߞߡ޿
ࠆ‫ޕ‬


16


ԙࠪࠡ࡮࠴࠼࡝㘃‫ࡔࡕࠞࡠࠣ࠭ޔࠡࠨ࡜ࡋޔࠡࠨ࡜ࡋ࡜࠷ࡠࠢޔࡕࠟࠪࠢ࠷ޔ‬

 AWC࠺࡯࠲ࡌ࡯ࠬߦ⸥㍳ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ1973ᐕ㨪2007ᐕߩ⸥㍳㧔࿖ߦࠃࠅ⺞ᩏ㐿ᆎᐕߪ⇣ߥࠆ㧕߆ࠄ‫⿧ޔ‬౻
ᦼߩࠪࠡ࡮࠴࠼࡝㘃ߦߟ޿ߡ‫ᦨޔ‬ᄢ୯ࠍ⒳೎ߦ᛽಴ߒߡ࿾࿑㧔࿑1-25㨪࿑1-62㧕ߦ␜ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ኻ⽎ߣߒߚ⒳
ߪ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߢᢙߩᄙ޿⒳߽ߒߊߪ‫ޔ‬AWCߦᦨ߽ᄙߊߩࠪࠡ࡮࠴࠼࡝㘃࠺࡯࠲ࠍឭଏߒߡ޿ࠆࠝ࡯ࠬ࠻࡜࡝ࠕ
ߢᢙߩᄙ޿⒳ߣߒߚ‫ޕ‬
 ᦨㄭ10ᐕ㑆ߣߘࠇએ೨ߣߩ୘૕ᢙࠍᲧセߔࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬ฦ㗄ߩᏀߦ1997ᐕએ೨ߩಽᏓ࿑ࠍ‫ޔ‬ฝߦ1998ᐕ㨪
2007ᐕߩಽᏓ࿑ࠍ⴫␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫߇࠻ࠗࠨߒߛߚޕ‬ਥߥ↢ᕷ࿾ࠍ✂⟜ߒߡ޿ࠆߣߪ㒢ࠄߥ޿ߎߣ߿‫ޔ‬ฎ޿⸥
㍳ߦߪ⒳ߩ⺋หቯߩน⢻ᕈ߽޽ࠆߚ߼‫ߩࠣࡦࡇ࠶ࡑߩߎޔ‬ᖱႎߛߌ߆ࠄ୘૕ᢙߩᄌൻࠍផ᷹ߔࠆߎߣߪ㔍
ߒ޿‫ޕ‬
 ߐࠄߦ1998㨪2007ᐕߩ࿾࿑ߦߪ‫࡝࠼࠴࡮ࠡࠪޔ‬㘃ߩᷰࠅߩෳ⠨ߩߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᮡ⼂⺞ᩏ㧔㊄ዻ⿷ベߣࠞ࡜࡯ࡈ
࡜࠶ࠣ㧕ߩ⸥㍳ߢᷰࠅ߇޽ߞߚߎߣ߇್᣿ߒߡ޿ࠆ࿾ὐࠍ᾽⦡ߩ✢ߢ⚿ࠎߢ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᮡ⼂⺞ᩏߩ࠺࡯࠲ߪ‫ޔ‬
㧔⽷㧕ጊ㓏㠽㘃⎇ⓥᚲࡎ࡯ࡓࡍ࡯ࠫ෸߮㠽㘃ࠕ࠻࡜ࠬ㧔2002㧕ࠍ߽ߣߦ૞ᚑߒߚ‫ޕ‬
 ࡕ࠾࠲࡝ࡦࠣࠨࠗ࠻1000ࠪࠡ࡮࠴࠼࡝㘃⺞ᩏߦ߅޿ߡ⺞ᩏࠍታᣉߒߡ޿ࠆ࠷ࠢࠪࠟࡕ‫ࠨ࡜ࡋ࡜࠷ࡠࠢޔ‬
ࠡ‫ߩࡔࡕࠞࡠࠣ࠭ޔࠡࠨ࡜ࡋޔ‬࿑߽૬ߖߡ૞ᚑߒߚ‫ޕ‬


17


࿑䋱䋭䋲䋵䌾࿑䋱䋭䋶䋲䋺䉲䉩䊶䉼䊄䊥㘃䊶䉿䉪䉲䉧䊝䊶䉪䊨䉿䊤䊓䊤䉰䉩䇮䊓䊤䉰䉩䇮䉵䉫䊨䉦䊝䊜䈱⿧
౻ᦼ䈱ಽᏓ㩷
 ࠪࠡ࡮࠴࠼࡝㘃ߩ࿾࿑ߦߟ޿ߡ‫⊕ޔ‬ᛮ߈ߩዊߐߥ٤ߪ‫ޔ‬AWCߢ৻ᐲߢ߽ࠪࠡ࡮࠴࠼࡝㘃߇⸥㍳ߐࠇߚߎ
ߣ߇޽ࠆ࿾ὐࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫⿷ࠣ࠶࡜ࡈߪ✢ߩ⦡᾽ޕ‬ベ෸߮ᮡ⼂⸥㍳߆ࠄᷰࠅ߇޽ࠆߎߣ߇್᣿ߒߡ޿ࠆ࿾
ὐࠍ⴫ߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬㧔⽷㧕ጊ㓏㠽㘃⎇ⓥᚲࡎ࡯ࡓࡍ࡯ࠫ෸߮㠽㘃ࠕ࠻࡜ࠬ㧔2002㧕ࠍ߽ߣߦ૞ᚑߒߚ‫ޕ‬

=1?࠴ࡘ࠙ࠪࡖࠢࠪࠡ Numenius phaeopus 

࿑1-251997ᐕએ೨ ࿑1-261998㨪2007ᐕ

ߎߩ࿾࿑ߦ␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ୘૕ᢙ߿ಽᏓߩ⁁ᴫߪో↢ᕷ࿾ࠍ✂⟜ߒߚ⺞ᩏߢᓧࠄࠇߚ߽ߩߢߪߥ޿ߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᔅߕߒ߽ቢో
ߥಽᏓ⁁ᴫࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ߥ޿႐ว߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

 ࠴ࡘ࠙ࠪࡖࠢࠪࠡߪ਎⇇⊛ߦಽᏓߔࠆ‫ޕ‬AWC
ߩ⸥㍳ߢߪ‫ޔ࡯ࡑࡦࡖࡒޔࡘࠪࠖ࠺࡜ࠣࡦࡃޔ‬
ࡑ࡟࡯ࠪࠕ‫ࡇ࡝ࠖࡈޔࠗ࠲ޔࠕࠪࡀ࠼ࡦࠗޔ‬
ࡦ‫᧲ࠕ࡝࡜࠻ࠬ࡯ࠝޔ‬ㇱ෸߮ർ⷏ㇱߦᄢ߈ߥ⿧
౻࿾߇޽ࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬



18


=2]࠻࠙ࡀࡦ Calidris ruficollis

࿑1-271997ᐕએ೨ ࿑1-281998㨪2007ᐕ

ߎߩ࿾࿑ߦ␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ୘૕ᢙ߿ಽᏓߩ⁁ᴫߪో↢ᕷ࿾ࠍ✂⟜ߒߚ⺞ᩏߢᓧࠄࠇߚ߽ߩߢߪߥ޿ߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᔅߕߒ߽ቢో
ߥಽᏓ⁁ᴫࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ߥ޿႐ว߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

 ࠻࠙ࡀࡦߪ⿧౻ᦼߦਛ࿖ධㇱ‫᧲ޔ‬ධࠕࠫࠕ߆ࠄࠝ࡯
ࠬ࠻࡜࡝ࠕ‫ߩߡߌ߆ߦ࠼ࡦ࡜࡯ࠫ࡯ࡘ࠾ޔ‬࿾ၞߦಽᏓ
ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬AWCߩ⸥㍳ߢߪ‫ޔ‬บḧ‫ࠪ࡯࡟ࡑޔࡦࡇ࡝ࠖࡈޔ‬
ࠕ‫᧲ࠕ࡝࡜࠻ࠬ࡯ࠝޔ‬ㇱ෸߮ർ⷏ㇱߦᄢ߈ߥ⿧౻࿾߇
޽ࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬
 


19


=3]ࡓ࠽ࠣࡠ Pluvialis fulva

࿑1-291997ᐕએ೨ ࿑1-301998㨪2007ᐕ

ߎߩ࿾࿑ߦ␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ୘૕ᢙ߿ಽᏓߩ⁁ᴫߪో↢ᕷ࿾ࠍ✂⟜ߒߚ⺞ᩏߢᓧࠄࠇߚ߽ߩߢߪߥ޿ߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᔅߕߒ߽ቢో
ߥಽᏓ⁁ᴫࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ߥ޿႐ว߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

 ࡓ࠽ࠣࡠߩ⿧౻ᦼߩಽᏓߪਛ࿖‫᧲ޔ࠼ࡦࠗޔ‬ධ
ࠕࠫࠕ߆ࠄࠝ࡯ࠬ࠻࡜࡝ࠕ‫ޔ࠼ࡦ࡜࡯ࠫ࡯ࡘ࠾ޔ‬
ࡂࡢࠗ߿ࡐ࡝ࡀࠪࠕߦ߆ߌߡߩ࿾ၞߢ޽ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬
AWCߩ⸥㍳ߢߪ‫ޔ‬บḧ‫࠲ޔࡘࠪࠖ࠺࡜ࠣࡦࡃޔ‬
ࠗ‫ޔࡦࡇ࡝ࠖࡈޔࠕࠪࡀ࠼ࡦࠗޔࠕࠪ࡯࡟ࡑޔ‬
ࠝ࡯ࠬ࠻࡜࡝ࠕ᧲ㇱߦᄢ߈ߥ⿧౻࿾߇޽ࠆߎߣ߇
ಽ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬
 ᦨㄭ10ᐕ㑆ߢߪࠝ࡯ࠬ࠻࡜࡝ࠕౝ㒽ㇱߢᄢ߈ߥ
⟲ࠇ߇⸥㍳ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬



20


=4]࠳ࠗ࠯ࡦ Pluvialis squatarola

࿑1-31 1997ᐕએ೨ ࿑1-321998㨪2007ᐕ

ߎߩ࿾࿑ߦ␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ୘૕ᢙ߿ಽᏓߩ⁁ᴫߪో↢ᕷ࿾ࠍ✂⟜ߒߚ⺞ᩏߢᓧࠄࠇߚ߽ߩߢߪߥ޿ߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᔅߕߒ߽ቢో
ߥಽᏓ⁁ᴫࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ߥ޿႐ว߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

 ࠳ࠗ࠯ࡦߪ਎⇇⊛ߦಽᏓߔࠆ߇‫ࠬ࡯ࠝ࡮ࠕࠫࠕ᧲ޔ‬
࠻࡜࡝ࠕ࿾ၞ๟ㄝߢߩ⿧౻ᦼߩಽᏓߪࠗࡦ࠼‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄ߆
ࠄࠝ࡯ࠬ࠻࡜࡝ࠕ‫ޔ‬ᄥᐔᵗධ⷏ㇱߦ߆ߌߡߩ࿾ၞߢ޽
ࠆ‫ޕ‬AWCߩ⸥㍳ߢߪ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄ߆ࠄࠝ࡯ࠬ࠻࡜࡝ࠕ߹ߢ⸥
㍳ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬ㆊ෰10ᐕ㑆ߢߪ‫ߦ․ޔ‬ᣣᧄ߿㖧࿖‫ޔ‬
ਛ࿖ߩᴪጯ෸߮ౝ㒽ㇱߢᄢ߈ߥ⟲ࠇ߇⸥㍳ߐࠇߡ޿
ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߢߪ‫ޔ‬20ᐕ೨ߣᲧセߒߡ࠳ࠗ࠯ࡦߩ⸥㍳ߩჇ
ട௑ะ߇␜ໂߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧔ᄤ㊁2006߇‫ޔ‬Ⴧടߩේ࿃ߪ
ࠃߊಽ߆ߞߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޕ‬
 


21


=5]࡚࡚ࠠ࠙ࠫࠪࠡ Arenariainterpres

࿑1-331997ᐕએ೨ ࿑1-341998㨪2007ᐕ

ߎߩ࿾࿑ߦ␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ୘૕ᢙ߿ಽᏓߩ⁁ᴫߪో↢ᕷ࿾ࠍ✂⟜ߒߚ⺞ᩏߢᓧࠄࠇߚ߽ߩߢߪߥ޿ߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᔅߕߒ߽ቢో
ߥಽᏓ⁁ᴫࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ߥ޿႐ว߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

 ࡚࡚ࠠ࠙ࠫࠪࠡߪർᭂᶏᴪጯߢ❥ᱺߒ‫⿧ޔ‬౻ᦼߦ
ߪᾲᏪ߆ࠄධඨ⃿߹ߢ⒖േߔࠆ‫ޕ‬AWCߩ⸥㍳ߢߪ‫ޔ‬
ਛ࿖ධㇱ‫ޔ‬บḧ‫ࠬ࡯ࠝޔࠕࠪ࡯࡟ࡑޔࡦࡇ࡝ࠖࡈޔ‬
࠻࡜࡝ࠕධ᧲ㇱ෸߮ർ⷏ㇱߥߤߦᄢ߈ߥ⿧౻࿾߇޽
ࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬
 


22


=6]ࠠࠕࠪࠪࠡ Heteroscelus brevipes

࿑1-351997ᐕએ೨ ࿑1-361998㨪2007ᐕ

ߎߩ࿾࿑ߦ␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ୘૕ᢙ߿ಽᏓߩ⁁ᴫߪో↢ᕷ࿾ࠍ✂⟜ߒߚ⺞ᩏߢᓧࠄࠇߚ߽ߩߢߪߥ޿ߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᔅߕߒ߽ቢో
ߥಽᏓ⁁ᴫࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ߥ޿႐ว߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

 ࠠࠕࠪࠪࠡߩ⿧౻ᦼߩಽᏓߪਛ࿖ධㇱ‫᧲ޔ‬ධ
ࠕࠫࠕ߆ࠄࠝ࡯ࠬ࠻࡜࡝ࠕ‫࠼ࡦ࡜࡯ࠫ࡯ࡘ࠾ޔ‬
ߦ߆ߌߡߩ࿾ၞߢ޽ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬AWCߩ⸥㍳ߢߪ‫ޔ‬
ࡃࡦࠣ࡜࠺ࠖࠪࡘ‫ޔࠕࠪ࡯࡟ࡑޔ࡯ࡑࡦࡖࡒޔ‬
ࠗࡦ࠼ࡀࠪࠕ‫࡜࠻ࠬ࡯ࠝޔࡦࡇ࡝ࠖࡈޔࠗ࠲ޔ‬
࡝ࠕ᧲ㇱ෸߮ർ⷏ㇱߥߤߦᄢ߈ߥ⿧౻࿾߇޽ࠆ
ߎߣ߇ಽ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬



23


=7]ࠝࠝ࠰࡝ࡂࠪࠪࠡ Limosa lapponica

࿑1-371997ᐕએ೨ ࿑1-381998㨪2007ᐕ

ߎߩ࿾࿑ߦ␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ୘૕ᢙ߿ಽᏓߩ⁁ᴫߪో↢ᕷ࿾ࠍ✂⟜ߒߚ⺞ᩏߢᓧࠄࠇߚ߽ߩߢߪߥ޿ߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᔅߕߒ߽ቢో
ߥಽᏓ⁁ᴫࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ߥ޿႐ว߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

 ࠝࠝ࠰࡝ࡂࠪࠪࠡߩ⿧౻ᦼߩಽᏓߪਥߦ᧲ධ
ࠕࠫࠕ߆ࠄࠝ࡯ࠬ࠻࡜࡝ࠕ‫ࡦ࡜࡯ࠫ࡯ࡘ࠾ޔ‬
࠼‫⻉ࠗࡢࡂޔ‬ፉߢ޽ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬AWCߩ⸥㍳ߢߪ‫ࡑޔ‬
࡟࡯ࠪࠕ‫᧲ࠕ࡝࡜࠻ࠬ࡯ࠝޔ‬ㇱ‫ޔ‬ධ᧲ㇱ෸߮ർ
⷏ㇱߦᄢ߈ߥ⿧౻࿾߇޽ࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬
 


24


=8]ࡒ࡙ࡆࠪࠡ Crocethia alba

࿑1-391997ᐕએ೨ ࿑1-401998㨪2007ᐕ

ߎߩ࿾࿑ߦ␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ୘૕ᢙ߿ಽᏓߩ⁁ᴫߪో↢ᕷ࿾ࠍ✂⟜ߒߚ⺞ᩏߢᓧࠄࠇߚ߽ߩߢߪߥ޿ߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᔅߕߒ߽ቢో
ߥಽᏓ⁁ᴫࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ߥ޿႐ว߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

 ࡒ࡙ࡆࠪࠡߪ਎⇇⊛ߦಽᏓߒ‫⿧ޔ‬౻ᦼߦߪ᷷Ꮺ߆ࠄ
ධඨ⃿߹ߢಽᏓߔࠆ߇‫ޔ‬AWCߩ⸥㍳ߢߪ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄ‫ޔ‬㖧
࿖‫ޔ‬บḧ‫ࠕ࡝࡜࠻ࠬ࡯ࠝޔ‬ධ᧲ㇱ෸߮ർ⷏ㇱߥߤߦᄢ
߈ߥ⿧౻࿾߇޽ࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬



25


=9]ࡔ࠳ࠗ࠴࠼࡝ Charadrius mongolus

࿑1-411997ᐕએ೨
࿑1-421998㨪2007ᐕ

ߎߩ࿾࿑ߦ␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ୘૕ᢙ߿ಽᏓߩ⁁ᴫߪో↢ᕷ࿾ࠍ✂⟜ߒߚ⺞ᩏߢᓧࠄࠇߚ߽ߩߢߪߥ޿ߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᔅߕߒ߽ቢో
ߥಽᏓ⁁ᴫࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ߥ޿႐ว߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

 ࡔ࠳ࠗ࠴࠼࡝ߪ⿧౻ᦼߦਥߦᾲᏪࠕࠫࠕ߆ࠄ
ࡒࠢࡠࡀࠪࠕ‫ߡߌ߆ߦࠕ࡝࡜࠻ࠬ࡯ࠝޔ‬ಽᏓߔ
ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬AWCߩ⸥㍳ߢߪ‫ޔࡘࠪࠖ࠺࡜ࠣࡦࡃޔ‬
ࡒࡖࡦࡑ࡯‫࠲ޔࠕࠪࡀ࠼ࡦࠗޔࠕࠪ࡯࡟ࡑޔ‬
ࠗ‫᧲ࠕ࡝࡜࠻ࠬ࡯ࠝޔࡦࡇ࡝ࠖࡈޔ‬ㇱ෸߮ർ⷏
ㇱߥߤߦᄢ߈ߥ⿧౻࿾߇޽ࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬
 


26


=10]ࠝࡃࠪࠡ Calidris tenuirostris

࿑1-431997ᐕએ೨ ࿑1-441998㨪2007

ߎߩ࿾࿑ߦ␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ୘૕ᢙ߿ಽᏓߩ⁁ᴫߪో↢ᕷ࿾ࠍ✂⟜ߒߚ⺞ᩏߢᓧࠄࠇߚ߽ߩߢߪߥ޿ߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᔅߕߒ߽ቢో
ߥಽᏓ⁁ᴫࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ߥ޿႐ว߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

 ࠝࡃࠪࠡߪ⿧౻ᦼߦਥߦࠗࡦ࠼‫᧲ޔ‬ධࠕࠫࠕ
߆ࠄࠝ࡯ࠬ࠻࡜࡝ࠕߦ߆ߌߡಽᏓߔࠆ߇‫ޔ‬
AWCߩ⸥㍳ߢߪ‫࠻ࠬ࡯ࠝ߿ޔࠕࠪࡀ࠼ࡦࠗޔ‬
࡜࡝ࠕ᧲ㇱ‫᧲ޔ‬ධㇱ෸߮ർ⷏ㇱߦᄢ߈ߥ⿧౻࿾
߇޽ࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬
 


27


=11]ࠕࠝࠕࠪࠪࠡ Tringa nebularia

࿑1-451997ᐕએ೨
࿑1-461998㨪2007ᐕ

ߎߩ࿾࿑ߦ␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ୘૕ᢙ߿ಽᏓߩ⁁ᴫߪో↢ᕷ࿾ࠍ✂⟜ߒߚ⺞ᩏߢᓧࠄࠇߚ߽ߩߢߪߥ޿ߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᔅߕߒ߽ቢో
ߥಽᏓ⁁ᴫࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ߥ޿႐ว߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

 ࠕࠝࠕࠪࠪࠡߪ⿧౻ᦼߦ࿾ਛᶏᴪጯ߆ࠄࠕࡈ࡝ࠞ
ධㇱ‫᧲ޔ࠼ࡦࠗޔ‬ධࠕࠫࠕ߆ࠄࠝ࡯ࠬ࠻࡜࡝ࠕߦ߆
ߌߡಽᏓߔࠆ߇‫ޔ‬AWCߩ⸥㍳ߢߪ‫ޔ‬ਛ࿖ᴪጯㇱ෸߮
ౝ㒽ㇱ‫ࡦࡖࡒޔࡘࠪࠖ࠺࡜ࠣࡦࡃޔࡦࡇ࡝ࠖࡈޔ‬
ࡑ࡯‫ࠕ࡝࡜࠻ࠬ࡯ࠝޔࠕࠪ࡯࡟ࡑޔࠗ࠲ޔ‬ධ᧲ㇱ෸
߮ർ⷏ㇱߥߤߦᄢ߈ߥ⿧౻࿾߇޽ࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬



28


=12]࠰࡝ࡂࠪࠪࠡ Xenus cinereus

࿑1-471997ᐕએ೨
࿑1-481998㨪2007ᐕ

ߎߩ࿾࿑ߦ␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ୘૕ᢙ߿ಽᏓߩ⁁ᴫߪో↢ᕷ࿾ࠍ✂⟜ߒߚ⺞ᩏߢᓧࠄࠇߚ߽ߩߢߪߥ޿ߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᔅߕߒ߽ቢో
ߥಽᏓ⁁ᴫࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ߥ޿႐ว߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

 ࠰࡝ࡂࠪࠪࠡߪ⿧౻ᦼߦਥߦ‫ࡖࠪ࡞ࡍޔ‬ḧ߆ࠄࠕࡈ
࡝ࠞධㇱ‫᧲ޔ࠼ࡦࠗޔ‬ධࠕࠫࠕ߆ࠄࠝ࡯ࠬ࠻࡜࡝ࠕߦ
߆ߌߡಽᏓߔࠆ߇‫ޔ‬AWCߩ⸥㍳ߢߪ‫ࠖ࠺࡜ࠣࡦࡃޔ‬
ࠪࡘ‫ࠕ࡝࡜࠻ࠬ࡯ࠝޔࠕࠪࡀ࠼ࡦࠗޔࠕࠪ࡯࡟ࡑޔ‬ർ
⷏ㇱߥߤߦᄢ߈ߥ⿧౻࿾߇޽ࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬



29


=13]ࡂࡑࠪࠡ Calidris alpina

࿑1-491997ᐕએ೨
࿑1-501998㨪2007ᐕ

ߎߩ࿾࿑ߦ␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ୘૕ᢙ߿ಽᏓߩ⁁ᴫߪో↢ᕷ࿾ࠍ✂⟜ߒߚ⺞ᩏߢᓧࠄࠇߚ߽ߩߢߪߥ޿ߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᔅߕߒ߽ቢో
ߥಽᏓ⁁ᴫࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ߥ޿႐ว߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

 ࡂࡑࠪࠡߪ਎⇇⊛ߦಽᏓߔࠆ߇‫ࠫࠕ᧲ޔ‬
ࠕ࡮ࠝ࡯ࠬ࠻࡜࡝ࠕ࿾ၞߢߪ‫ޔ‬ਥߦᣣᧄ߆ࠄ
ਛ࿖ධㇱߢ⿧౻ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬AWCߩ⸥㍳ߢߪ‫ޔ‬ᣣ
ᧄ‫ޔ‬㖧࿖‫ޔ‬ਛ࿖ᴪጯㇱߦᄢ߈ߥ⿧౻࿾߇޽ࠆ
ߎߣ߇ಽ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬ㄭᐕ‫ޔ‬ਛ࿖ౝ㒽ㇱߦ߽ᄢ߈ߥ
⿧౻࿾߇޽ࠆߎߣ߇᣿ࠄ߆ߦߥߞߡ߈ߡ޿
ࠆ‫ޕ‬



30


=14]ࠪࡠ࠴࠼࡝ Charadrius alexandrinus

࿑1-511997ᐕએ೨
࿑1-521998㨪2007ᐕ

ߎߩ࿾࿑ߦ␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ୘૕ᢙ߿ಽᏓߩ⁁ᴫߪో↢ᕷ࿾ࠍ✂⟜ߒߚ⺞ᩏߢᓧࠄࠇߚ߽ߩߢߪߥ޿ߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᔅߕߒ߽ቢో
ߥಽᏓ⁁ᴫࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ߥ޿႐ว߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

 ࠪࡠ࠴࠼࡝ߪ਎⇇⊛ߦಽᏓߒ‫ࠕࠫࠕ᧲ޔ‬࿾ၞߢ
ߪ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄ‫ޔ‬ਛ࿖‫ޔ‬㖧࿖‫ࠕࠪࡠޔ‬ᴪᶏᎺߢ❥ᱺߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
ർᣇߢ❥ᱺߒߡ޿ࠆ߽ߩߪ౻ᦼߦ᷷Ꮺ߆ࠄᾲᏪၞ߳
⒖േߔࠆ‫ޕ‬AWCߩ⸥㍳ߢߪ‫⷏ޔ‬ᣣᧄ‫ޔ‬ਛ࿖᧲ㇱ࡮ධ
ㇱ࡮ౝ㒽ㇱ‫ߦߤߥࡦࡇ࡝ࠖࡈޔ‬ᄢ߈ߥ⿧౻࿾߇޽ࠆ
ߎߣ߇ಽ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬
 


31


=15]࠷࡞ࠪࠡ Tringa erythropus

࿑1-531997ᐕએ೨
࿑1-541998㨪2007ᐕ

ߎߩ࿾࿑ߦ␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ୘૕ᢙ߿ಽᏓߩ⁁ᴫߪో↢ᕷ࿾ࠍ✂⟜ߒߚ⺞ᩏߢᓧࠄࠇߚ߽ߩߢߪߥ޿ߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᔅߕߒ߽ቢో
ߥಽᏓ⁁ᴫࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ߥ޿႐ว߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

 ࠷࡞ࠪࠡߪ‫ࠕࠪ࡜࡯࡙ޔ‬ᄢ㒽ർㇱߣ๟ㄝߩፉᎩ‫࡜ࠬࠗࠕޔ‬
ࡦ࠼ߥߤߢ❥ᱺߒ‫⿧ޔ‬౻ᦼߦߪ᷷Ꮺ߆ࠄᾲᏪၞߢ⿧౻ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
᧲ࠕࠫࠕ࿾ၞ๟ㄝߢߪ‫⿧ޔ‬౻ᦼߦߪࠗࡦ࠼‫ޔ‬ਛ࿖ධㇱ߆ࠄࠗ
ࡦ࠼ࡀࠪࠕߦ߆ߌߡಽᏓߔࠆ߇‫ޔ‬AWCߩ⸥㍳ߢߪ‫ޔ‬ਛ࿖ౝ
㒽ㇱ߿ਛ࿖ධㇱߦᄢ߈ߥ⿧౻࿾߇޽ࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߢ
ߪㄭᐕ᷆᳓ᕈࠪࠡ࡮࠴࠼࡝㘃ߩ⸥㍳߇ᷫዋߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬ਛ⛮࿾
ߢ޽ࠆᣣᧄߩḨ࿾ⅣႺߩᄌൻߛߌߢߥߊ‫ޔ‬ਛ࿖ౝ㒽ㇱ߿ᴪጯ
ㇱߩⅣႺᡷᄌߩᓇ㗀ࠍฃߌߡ޿ࠆน⢻ᕈ߇⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ߇‫ޔ‬ਛ
࿖ౝ㒽ㇱߩᖱႎߪዋߥ޿ߚ߼‫↢޿ߒ⹦ޔ‬ᕷ⁁ᴫߩ⺞ᩏ߇ᔅⷐ
ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
 


32


=16]࠷ࠢࠪࠟࡕ Tadorna tadorna

࿑1-551997ᐕએ೨ ࿑1-561998㨪2007ᐕ

ߎߩ࿾࿑ߦ␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ୘૕ᢙ߿ಽᏓߩ⁁ᴫߪో↢ᕷ࿾ࠍ✂⟜ߒߚ⺞ᩏߢᓧࠄࠇߚ߽ߩߢߪߥ޿ߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᔅߕߒ߽ቢో
ߥಽᏓ⁁ᴫࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ߥ޿႐ว߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

 ࠷ࠢࠪࠟࡕߪ‫ࠄ߆ࠬ࡝ࠡࠗޔ‬ਛ࿖߹ߢᣥർ඙ߦ᏷ᐢߊ❥
ᱺߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄ߳ߪ౻ᦼߦ㘧᧪ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬AWCߩ࠺࡯࠲ߢ
ߪ‫⷏ޔ‬ᣣᧄ‫ޔ‬㖧࿖‫ޔ‬ਛ࿖ᴪጯ‫ߦߤߥࡘࠪࠖ࠺࡜ࠣࡦࡃޔ‬ᄢ
߈ߥ⿧౻࿾߇޽ࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬


33


=17]ࠢࡠ࠷࡜ࡋ࡜ࠨࠡ Platalea minor

࿑1-571997ᐕએ೨ ࿑1-581998㨪2007ᐕ

ߎߩ࿾࿑ߦ␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ୘૕ᢙ߿ಽᏓߩ⁁ᴫߪో↢ᕷ࿾ࠍ✂⟜ߒߚ⺞ᩏߢᓧࠄࠇߚ߽ߩߢߪߥ޿ߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᔅߕߒ߽ቢో
ߥಽᏓ⁁ᴫࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ߥ޿႐ว߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

 ࠢࡠ࠷࡜ࡋ࡜ࠨࠡߪ᧲ࠕࠫࠕߦಽᏓߒ‫ޔ‬౻ᦼߪ
ࡌ࠻࠽ࡓ‫ޔ‬ਛ࿖ධㇱ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߢ⿧౻ߔࠆ‫࡜࠷ࡠࠢޕ‬
ࡋ࡜ࠨࠡߩ⸥㍳ᢙߪㄭᐕჇട௑ะߦ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬AWCߩ
࠺࡯࠲ߢߪ਻Ꮊ‫ޔ‬ਛ࿖ධㇱᴪጯ‫ޔ‬บḧ‫ࡓ࠽࠻ࡌޔ‬
ߦᄢ߈ߥ⿧౻࿾߇޽ࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬


34


=18]ࡋ࡜ࠨࠡ Platalea leucorodia

࿑1-591997ᐕએ೨ ࿑1-601998㨪2007ᐕ

ߎߩ࿾࿑ߦ␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ୘૕ᢙ߿ಽᏓߩ⁁ᴫߪో↢ᕷ࿾ࠍ✂⟜ߒߚ⺞ᩏߢᓧࠄࠇߚ߽ߩߢߪߥ޿ߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᔅߕߒ߽ቢో
ߥಽᏓ⁁ᴫࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ߥ޿႐ว߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

 ࡋ࡜ࠨࠡߪ‫ࠕࠪ࡜࡯࡙ޔ‬ᄢ㒽ߩ᷷Ꮺၞ߆ࠄࠕࡈ࡝
ࠞᾲᏪၞߦಽᏓߔࠆ‫ࠕࠪࡠޔߪߢࠕࠫࠕ᧲ޕ‬ධㇱ‫ޔ‬
ࠪࡌ࡝ࠕධ⷏ㇱ߆ࠄࡕࡦࠧ࡞ߦ߆ߌߡߩ࿾ၞߢ❥ᱺ
ߔࠆ‫⿧ޕ‬౻ᦼߦߪࠗࡦ࠼‫ޔ࡯ࡑࡦࡖࡒޔ‬ਛ࿖᧲ㇱߢ
⿧౻ߒ‫ޔ‬ዋᢙ߇㖧࿖߿ᣣᧄ‫ޔ‬บḧߢ⸥㍳ߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬
AWCߩ࠺࡯࠲ߢߪ‫ޔ‬ਛ࿖ౝ㒽ㇱߩ㐳ᳯᵹၞߦᄢ߈
ߥ⿧౻࿾߇޽ࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬


35


=19]࠭ࠣࡠࠞࡕࡔ Larus saundersi

࿑1-611997ᐕએ೨ ࿑1-621998㨪2007ᐕ

ߎߩ࿾࿑ߦ␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ୘૕ᢙ߿ಽᏓߩ⁁ᴫߪో↢ᕷ࿾ࠍ✂⟜ߒߚ⺞ᩏߢᓧࠄࠇߚ߽ߩߢߪߥ޿ߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᔅߕߒ߽ቢో
ߥಽᏓ⁁ᴫࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ߥ޿႐ว߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

 ࠭ࠣࡠࠞࡕࡔߪਛ࿖ർ᧲ㇱߢਥߦ❥ᱺߒ‫⿧ޔ‬౻
ᦼߦߪࡠࠪࠕᴪጯ‫ޔ‬㖧࿖‫ޔ‬ਛ࿖‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄ‫ޔ‬บḧߥߤ
ߢ⿧౻ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬AWC࠺࡯࠲ߢߪ‫⷏ޔ‬ᣣᧄ‫ޔ‬㖧࿖‫ޔ‬ਛ
࿖ᴪጯㇱ‫ߦߤߥࡓ࠽࠻ࡌޔ‬ᄢ߈ߥ⿧౻࿾߇޽ࠆߎ
ߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߢߩ⸥㍳ߪㄭᐕჇടߔࠆ௑ะߦ
޽ߞߚ߇‫ᦨޔ‬ㄭߪ቟ቯߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬


36


㧔㧟㧕୘૕ᢙᄌൻߩേะ

Ԙࠟࡦࠞࡕ㘃

 AWCߩోࠨࠗ࠻㧔2408ࠞᚲ㧕ߩ߁ߜ‫⺞ޔ‬ᩏߩోᦼ㑆ࠍㅢߒߡ৻ᐲߢ߽ࠟࡦࠞࡕ㘃߇⸥㍳ߐࠇߚࠨࠗ࠻ߪ
1327ࠞᚲߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
 AWC࠺࡯࠲ߩߥ߆ߢᦨ߽ᄙߊߩࠟࡦࠞࡕ㘃ߩ࠺࡯࠲ࠍឭଏߒߡ޿ࠆߩߪ‫ޔ‬㖧࿖‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄ‫ޔ‬บḧ‫ޔ‬ਛ࿖ߩ㗅
ߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬㖧࿖߇৻⇟ᄙ޿ߩߪ‫ޔ‬1999ᐕ߆ࠄࠬ࠲࡯࠻ߒߚ᳓㠽ߩో࿖⺞ᩏ࠺࡯࠲߇౉ߞߡ޿ࠆߚ߼ߣᕁࠊ
ࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄ߆ࠄ߽‫ࡕࠞࡦࠟޟ‬㘃ߩ↢ᕷ⺞ᩏ‫߇࠲࡯࠺ߩޠ‬ㅍࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬ታ㓙ߦߪᣣᧄߩ⺞ᩏઙᢙ߇ᦨ
ᄢߦߥࠆߪߕߛ߇‫ޔ‬ᒰ⹥⺞ᩏߩ࠺࡯࠲ߪో࿖৻᜝ߒߚ㧝ઙߩ࠺࡯࠲ߣߒߡAWCߦㅍࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆߚ߼ੑ૏ߦ
ߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬
 ᧄ▵ߢߪ‫ࡕࠞࡦࠟޔ‬㘃ߩ↢ᕷ⺞ᩏߢ୘૕ᢙߩᄌൻ௑ะࠍ⷗ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆࠟࡦ㘃ߣࡂࠢ࠴࡚࠙㘃ߦߟ޿
ߡ‫ޔ‬AWC࠺࡯࠲ࡌ࡯ࠬ߆ࠄᣣᧄએᄖߩ࿾ၞߦ߅޿ߡో⺞ᩏᦼ㑆ਛߦ㧡ᐕએ਄ߩ⸥㍳߇޽ࠆࠨࠗ࠻ࠍ᛽಴ߒ
ߡࠣ࡜ࡈࠍ૞ᚑߒ‫ޔ‬୘૕ᢙᄌൻߩ௑ะࠍ⠨ኤߒߚ‫߅ߥޕ‬୘૕ᢙᄌൻߦߟ޿ߡߪࠣ࡜ࡈߩ௑߈߆ࠄᄢ߹߆ߦ
್ቯߒߡ߅ࠅ‫⸘⛔ޔ‬ಣℂߥߤߪⴕߞߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޕ‬



 ࿖䋨࿾ၞ䋩ฬ 䉧䊮䉦䊝䈱䊂䊷䉺ઙᢙ
 㪪㪦㪬㪫㪟㩷㪢㪦㪩㪜㪘 㪈㪈㪏㪊㪈
 㪡㪘㪧㪘㪥 㪎㪎㪌㪐
 㪫㪘㪠㪮㪘㪥 㪊㪍㪈㪍
 㪚㪟㪠㪥㪘 㪊㪌㪈㪋
 㪙㪘㪥㪞㪣㪘㪛㪜㪪㪟 㪈㪐㪉㪌
 㪤㪰㪘㪥㪤㪘㪩 㪈㪇㪏㪎
 㪫㪟㪘㪠㪣㪘㪥㪛 㪎㪉㪊
 㪟㪦㪥㪞㩷㪢㪦㪥㪞 㪋㪇㪉
 㪧㪟㪠㪣㪠㪧㪧㪠㪥㪜㪪 㪈㪐㪇
 㪭㪠㪜㪫㪥㪘㪤 㪈㪏㪉
 㪤㪘㪣㪘㪰㪪㪠㪘 㪈㪎㪎
 㪚㪘㪤㪙㪦㪛㪠㪘 㪈㪇㪋
 㪩㪬㪪㪪㪠㪘 㪍㪐
 㪪㪠㪥㪞㪘㪧㪦㪩㪜 㪌㪋
 㪠㪥㪛㪦㪥㪜㪪㪠㪘 㪋㪍
 㪤㪘㪚㪘㪦 㪊㪍
 㪙㪩㪬㪥㪜㪠 㪉㪏
 㪘㪬㪪㪫㪩㪘㪣㪠㪘 㪈㪐
 㪣㪘㪦 㪈㪏
 㪫㪠㪤㪦㪩㩷㪣㪜㪪㪫㪜 㪈㪇
 㪤㪦㪥㪞㪦㪣㪠㪘 㪍
 㪧㪘㪧㪬㪘㩷㪥㪅㪞㪬㪠㪥㪜㪘 㪋

 ⴫1-2 ฦ࿖ߩࠟࡦࠞࡕ㘃࠺࡯࠲ઙᢙ





̪࠺࡯࠲ઙᢙߪ‫ߢ࠻ࠗࠨࠆ޽ޔ‬㧝⒳ࠍࠞ࠙ࡦ࠻ߔࠆߎߣࠍ㧝ઙߣߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬


 


37


=1?ࠝࠝࡂࠢ࠴࡚࠙

⠀ᢙ ᣣᧄ䈱䉥䉥䊊䉪䉼䊢䉡䈱୘૕ᢙᄌൻ
45000

40000

35000

30000

25000

20000

15000

10000

5000

0
1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006
ᐕ

࿑1-63

 ࠟࡦࠞࡕ㘃ߩ↢ᕷ⺞ᩏߦࠃࠆߣ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߩࠝࠝࡂࠢ࠴࡚࠙ߪ1988ᐕߦ⚂22000⠀ߢ޽ߞߚ୘૕ᢙ߇‫ޔ‬2007ᐕ
ߦߪ⚂36000⠀ߦ߹ߢჇടߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬


38


⠀ᢙ 㖧࿖䈱⺞ᩏ࿾䋨1999ᐕએ㒠䋩
5000

4500

4000

3500
✚୘૕ᢙ

3000
NAKDONG ESTUARY
2500

2000

1500

1000

500

0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

ᐕ

࿑1-64 㧔ࠨࠗ࠻ᢙ߇ᄙᢙߩߚ߼‫ޔ‬࿾ὐߩಠ଀଀ߪ⋭⇛㧕

⠀ᢙ
㖧࿖䈱⺞ᩏ࿾䋨1990ᐕએ೨䈎䉌䈱⛮⛯࿾ὐ䋩
2500

CHEONSUBAY
2000

GEUMRIVER RESERVOIR
(KUM)
1500

JUNAMRESERVOIRS:
(SANGNAM,CH'UNSAN,
1000 DONGP'AN)

NAKDONGESTUARY

500

0
1988 1991 1994 1997 2000 2003 2006
ᐕ

࿑1-65

 AWC࠺࡯࠲ߢߪ‫ߪ࡚࠙࠴ࠢࡂࠝࠝޔ‬ਛ࿖ߦߪ㧡ᐕએ਄ߩ⺞ᩏ⸥㍳߇ߥ޿ߚ߼‫ޔ‬㖧࿖ߩ⸥㍳ߦߟ޿ߡࠣ࡜
ࡈൻࠍⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬㖧࿖ߢߪ᳓㠽⺞ᩏ߇ᆎ߹ߞߚ1999ᐕએ㒠ߦࠨࠗ࠻ᢙ߇Ⴧടߒߡ޿ࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬1999ᐕએ㒠ߩ୘
૕ᢙᄌൻߩࠣ࡜ࡈߣ‫ߡߒߘޔ‬1990ᐕએ೨߆ࠄ⺞ᩏ߇⛯޿ߡ޿ࠆ㧠ࠞᚲߩࠨࠗ࠻ߦߟ޿ߡߩࠣ࡜ࡈࠍ૞ᚑߒ
ߚ‫ޕ‬
 1999ᐕએ㒠ߩ⸥㍳ࠍ⷗ࠆߣ✚୘૕ᢙ߇৻ቯߒߡჇടߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ࠆ‫ߦ․ޕ‬ᄢ߈ߊჇടߒߡ޿ࠆߩ
ߪNAKDONG ESTUARYߢ޽ࠆ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ‫ޔ‬1990ᐕએ೨߆ࠄ⺞ᩏߩ⛯޿ߡ޿ࠆ࿾ὐߩࠣ࡜ࡈߢߪჇᷫ߇߆ߥࠅ
ỗߒߊ‫ޔ‬NAKDONG ESTUARYએᄖߢߪ୘૕ᢙߩჇᷫ௑ะߪߪߞ߈ࠅߒߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޕ‬


39


=2?ࠦࡂࠢ࠴࡚࠙

⠀ᢙ
ᣣᧄ䈱䉮䊊䉪䉼䊢䉡䈱୘૕ᢙᄌൻ
50000

45000

40000

35000

30000

25000

20000

15000

10000

5000

0
1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006
ᐕ

࿑1-66

 ࠟࡦࠞࡕ㘃ߩ↢ᕷ⺞ᩏߦࠃࠆߣ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߩࠦࡂࠢ࠴࡚࠙ߪ1988ᐕߦ⚂14000⠀޽ߞߚ୘૕ᢙ߇‫ޔ‬2007ᐕߦߪ
⚂43000⠀ߦ߹ߢჇടߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬


40


⠀ᢙ ਛ࿖䈱⺞ᩏ࿾
90000

80000

70000
EASTDONGTING LAKENR

60000

50000
POYANGLAKE(including
POYANGHUNNR)
40000

30000
SHENGJINHU NATURE
RESERVE
20000

10000

0
1988 1990 1992 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007
ᐕ

࿑1-67

⠀ᢙ 㖧࿖䈱⺞ᩏ࿾
1600

1400

DAEHOLAKE
1200

1000 GEUMRIVER RESERVOIR

(KUM)

800 JUNAMRESERVOIRS:
(SANGNAM,CH'UNSAN,
DONGP'AN)
600 NAKDONGESTUARY

400 NAKDONGRIVER LOWER

200

0
1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006
ᐕ

࿑1-68

 ਛ࿖ߣ㖧࿖ߦ߅޿ߡࠦࡂࠢ࠴࡚࠙߇5ᐕએ਄⸥㍳ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ࿾ὐߪዋߥ޿߇‫ߪߡ޿ߟߦࠇߎޔ‬㖧࿖ߢߪࠦ
ࡂࠢ࠴࡚࠙߇߶ߣࠎߤ⿧౻ߒߡ޿ߥ޿ߎߣ‫ޔ‬෸߮‫ޔ‬ਛ࿖ߩ⛮⛯ࠨࠗ࠻ߩᢙ߇ዋߥ޿ߎߣ߇ᓇ㗀ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬5
ᐕએ਄ߩ⸥㍳߇޽ࠆࠨࠗ࠻ߩਛߢߪ‫ޔ‬ਛ࿖㐳ᳯᵹၞߩPOYANGLAKE߇ᦨᄢߩ⿧౻࿾ߢ޽ࠅ‫⿧ޔ‬౻ᢙ߇Ⴧ
߃⛯ߌߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇⺒ߺขࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬


41


=3?ࡑࠟࡦ

⠀ᢙ ᣣᧄ䈱䊙䉧䊮䈱୘૕ᢙᄌൻ
120000

100000

80000

60000

40000

20000

0
1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006
ᐕ

࿑1-69

⠀ᢙ ਛ࿖䈱୘૕ᢙᄌൻ
120000

100000 EASTDONGTING LAKENR

80000 POYANGLAKE(including
POYANGHUNNR)

60000 SHENGJINHU NATURE

RESERVE

40000 YELLOWRIVER:HEI GANG

KUO

20000

0
1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006
ᐕ

࿑1-70

 ࠟࡦࠞࡕ㘃ߩ↢ᕷ⺞ᩏߦࠃࠆߣ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߩࡑࠟࡦߪ1988ᐕߦ⚂10000⠀ߢ޽ߞߚ୘૕ᢙ߇‫ޔ‬2007ᐕߦߪ
11000⠀ߦ߹ߢჇടߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬
 ਛ࿖ߢ㧡ᐕએ਄ࡑࠟࡦ߇⺞ᩏߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ࿾ὐߪ㧠ࠞᚲߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޔߒߛߚޕ‬POYANGLAKEએᄖߪ୘૕ᢙ
߇ዋߥ޿߆‫⺞ޔ‬ᩏ㑆㓒߇㕖Ᏹߦ㐿޿ߡ޿ࠆ߆ߩ޿ߕࠇ߆ߢ޽ࠅ‫⚻ޔ‬ᐕᄌൻࠍ⷗ࠆෳ⠨ߦߪߥࠄߥ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬
 POYANGLAKEߩ୘૕ᢙᄌൻߪ㕖Ᏹߦ਄ਅ߇ỗߒ޿߇‫ޔ‬７ࡍ࡯ࠫߢㅀߴߚℂ↱ߦࠃࠅ‫߇ࠇߎޔ‬ታ㓙ߩ୘
૕ᢙࠍ⴫ߒߡ޿ࠆߩ߆ุ߆ߪਇ᣿ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬


42


⠀ᢙ 㖧࿖䈱⺞ᩏ࿾䋨1990એ೨䈎䉌䈱⛮⛯⺞ᩏ࿾䋩
40000

35000

30000

CHEOLWONBASIN
25000

GEUMRIVER RESERVOIR (KUM)

20000
JUNAMRESERVOIRS: (SANGNAM,
15000 CH'UNSAN,DONGP'AN)
NAKDONGESTUARY
10000

5000

0
1988 1991 1994 1997 2000 2003 2006
ᐕ

࿑1-71 㧔ࠨࠗ࠻ᢙ߇ᄙᢙߩߚ߼‫ޔ‬࿾ὐߩಠ଀଀ߪ⋭⇛㧕

⠀ᢙ 㖧࿖䈱⺞ᩏ࿾䋨1999ᐕએ㒠䋩
90000

80000

70000

60000
✚୘૕ᢙ
50000

40000

30000

20000

10000

0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
ᐕ

࿑1-72

 㖧࿖ߢߪ‫ޔ‬᳓㠽⺞ᩏ߇ᆎ߹ߞߚ1999ᐕએ㒠ߦࠨࠗ࠻ᢙ߇Ⴧടߒߡ޿ࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬1999ᐕએ㒠ߩ୘૕ᢙᄌൻߩ
ࠣ࡜ࡈߣ‫ޔ‬1990ᐕએ೨߆ࠄ⺞ᩏ߇⛯޿ߡ޿ࠆ4ࠞᚲߩࠨࠗ࠻ߦߟ޿ߡߩࠣ࡜ࡈࠍ૞ᚑߒߚ‫ޕ‬
 1999ᐕએ㒠ߩ⸥㍳߆ࠄ✚୘૕ᢙ߇቟ቯߒߡჇടߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬Ⴧടߪ‫ޔ‬ᄙᢙߩࠨࠗ࠻ߢ୘
૕ᢙ߇Ⴧടߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣߦࠃࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬㖧࿖ߩᐢ޿▸࿐ߢࡑࠟࡦߩᢙ߇Ⴧ߃ߡ޿ࠆߣᕁࠊࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬
 ৻ᣇ‫ޔ‬1990ᐕએ೨߆ࠄ⺞ᩏߩ⛯޿ߡ޿ࠆ࿾ὐߩࠣ࡜ࡈߢߪჇᷫ߇ỗߒߊ‫ߩߎޔ‬4࿾ὐߛߌߢ୘૕ᢙߩჇᷫ
௑ะࠍ⷗ࠆߎߣߪ㔍ߒ޿‫ޕ‬


43


=4?ࡅࠪࠢࠗ

⠀ᢙ ᣣᧄ䈱䊍䉲䉪䉟䈱୘૕ᢙᄌൻ
16000

14000

12000

10000

8000

6000

4000

2000

0
1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006
ᐕ

࿑1-73

⠀ᢙ ਛ࿖䈱୘૕ᢙᄌൻ
30000
CHONGMING DONGTAN
(EastMudflat)NATURE
RESERVE
25000
EASTDONGTING LAKENR

20000
POYANGLAKE(including
POYANGHUNNR)
15000

SHENGJINHU NATURE
RESERVE
10000

YANCHENG NATURE
5000 RESERVE (COVERWHOLE
YANCHENG SHORE)

YELLOWRIVER:HEI GANG
0 KUO
1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 2002 2004 2006
ᐕ

࿑1-74

 ࠟࡦࠞࡕ㘃ߩ↢ᕷ⺞ᩏߦࠃࠆߣ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߩࡅࠪࠢࠗߪ1988ᐕߦ⚂4000⠀ߢ޽ߞߚ୘૕ᢙ߇‫ޔ‬2007ᐕߦߪ⚂
9000⠀ߦ߹ߢჇടߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬
 ਛ࿖ߢ㧡ᐕએ਄ࡅࠪࠢࠗ߇⺞ᩏߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ࿾ὐߪ㧡ࠞᚲߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޔߜ߁ߩߘޕ‬EAST DONGTING
LAKE‫ޔ‬POYANGLAKE‫ޔ‬SHINGJINHUߢߪ1990ᐕઍᓟඨ߆ࠄⷰኤߐࠇߚ୘૕ᢙ߇Ⴧടߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬


44


⠀ᢙ 㖧࿖䈱⺞ᩏ࿾䋨1990એ೨䈎䉌䈱⛮⛯࿾ὐ䋩
40000

GEUMRIVER RESERVOIR
35000 (KUM)

HANRIVER ESTUARY
30000

JUNAMRESERVOIRS:
25000
(SANGNAM,CH'UNSAN,
DONGP'AN)
20000 NAKDONGESTUARY

15000 UPOMARSH

10000 CHEONSUBAY ว▚

5000

0
1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006
ᐕ

࿑1-75 㧔ࠨࠗ࠻ᢙ߇ᄙᢙߩߚ߼‫ޔ‬࿾ὐߩಠ଀଀ߪ⋭⇛㧕

⠀ᢙ 㖧࿖䈱⺞ᩏ࿾䋨1999ᐕએ㒠䋩
40000

35000

30000

CHOEONSUBAY
25000

20000

15000

10000
HANRIVERESTUARY
5000

0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
ᐕ

࿑1-76

 㖧࿖ߢߪ‫ޔ‬᳓㠽⺞ᩏ߇ᆎ߹ߞߚ1999ᐕએ㒠ߦࠨࠗ࠻ᢙ߇Ⴧടߒߡ޿ࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬1999ᐕએ㒠ߩ୘૕ᢙᄌൻߩ
ࠣ࡜ࡈߣ‫ޔ‬1990ᐕએ೨߆ࠄ⺞ᩏ߇⛯޿ߡ޿ࠆ4ࠞᚲߩࠨࠗ࠻ߦߟ޿ߡߩࠣ࡜ࡈࠍ૞ᚑߒߚ‫ޕ‬
 ਔᣇߩࠣ࡜ࡈߣ߽ᦨ߽୘૕ᢙ߇ᄙ޿ߩߪCHONSUBAYߣHANRIVERESTUARYߢ‫ߩߎޔ‬㧞ࠞᚲߢߩࡅ
ࠪࠢࠗߩჇട߇ో૕ߣߒߡߩ୘૕ᢙჇടߦᓇ㗀ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬

̪CHOENSUBAYߪ‫ޟ‬CHEONSU BAY: BUNAM RESERVOIR‫ޟߣޠ‬CHEONSU BAY: GANWOL
 (KANWOL) RESERVOIR‫ߩޠ‬㧞ࠞᚲߩࠨࠗ࠻ߩ୘૕ᢙࠍว▚ߒߚ‫ޕ‬


45


=5?ࠦࠢࠟࡦ

⠀ᢙ 㖧࿖䈱⺞ᩏ࿾
350

300

250

200
GWANGYANG(KWANGYANG) AND
GALSABAY
150 NAKDONGESTUARY

100

50

0
1988 1993 1995 1998 1999 2001 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
ᐕ

࿑1-77

 㧡ᐕએ਄ߩࠦࠢࠟࡦߩ⸥㍳߇ሽ࿷ߔࠆߩߪ㖧࿖ߩ㧞ࠞᚲߩࠨࠗ࠻ߛߌߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬


46


=6?ࠞ࡝ࠟࡀ

⠀ᢙ ਛ࿖䈱⺞ᩏ࿾
25000
CHONGMING DONGTAN NATURE
RESERVE
DEEPBAYCOMBINED
20000

EASTDONGTING LAKENR

15000 HANNANHU

HENGLINGHUNR

10000
JIAOZHOUBAY

POYANGLAKE(includingPOYANGHU
5000 NNR)
SHENGJINHU NATURE RESERVE

SHIJIUHU NATURE RESERVE

0
1989 1991 1993 1996 1999 2004 2006
ᐕ

࿑1-78

 㧡ᐕએ਄ߩࠞ࡝ࠟࡀߩ⸥㍳߇ሽ࿷ߔࠆߩߪਛ࿖ߩࠨࠗ࠻ߛߌߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬EASTDONGTING
LAKEએᄖߢߪ㕖Ᏹߦ୘૕ᢙ߇ዋߥߊ‫ߩߘޔ‬EASTDONGTING LAKEߢ߽2006ᐕએ㒠ߪ⸥㍳߇ߥ޿‫ޕ‬


47


=7?ࠨࠞ࠷࡜ࠟࡦ

⠀ᢙ ਛ࿖䈱⺞ᩏ࿾
80000

70000 CHONGMING DONGTAN

(EastMudflat)NATURE
RESERVE
60000 EASTDONGTING LAKENR

50000
SHENGJINHU NATURE
RESERVE
40000
YANCHENG NATURE
RESERVE (COVERWHOLE
30000
YANCHENG SHORE)
POYANGLAKE(including
20000 POYANGHUNNR)

10000

0
1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2002 2004 2006
ᐕ

࿑1-79

⠀ᢙ 㖧࿖䈱⺞ᩏ࿾
70

60

50
GEUMRIVER RESERVOIR
(KUM)
40
JUNAMRESERVOIRS:
(SANGNAM,CH'UNSAN,
30 DONGP'AN)
NAKDONGESTUARY
20

10

0
1988 1990 1992 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006
ᐕ

࿑1-80
 ࠨࠞ࠷࡜ࠟࡦߪਛ࿖ߣ㖧࿖ߢ⿧౻⸥㍳߇޽ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬㖧࿖ߢߪ⸥㍳㗫ᐲ߽୘૕ᢙ߽ዋߥߊ‫ޔ‬ਛ࿖߇ਥߥ⿧౻
࿾ߣᕁࠊࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬
 ਛ࿖ߩ⸥㍳࿾ὐߪ㐳ᳯᵹၞߦ㓸ਛߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ߩࠄࠇߘޔ‬ਛߢ߽POYANGLAKEߩⷰኤ⸥㍳߇ᦨ߽ᄙ޿‫ޕ‬


48


=8?ࡂࠗࠗࡠࠟࡦ

⠀ᢙ ਛ࿖䈱⺞ᩏ࿾
12000

10000

EASTDONGTING LAKENR

8000

POYANGLAKE(including
POYANGHUNNR)
6000

YANCHENG NATURE RESERVE

(COVERWHOLEYANCHENG
4000 SHORE)

2000

0
1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1999 2003 2005
ᐕ

࿑1-81

⠀ᢙ
䊚䊞䊮䊙䊷䈱⺞ᩏ࿾
2500

2000

INDAWGYILAKE

1500
IRRAWADDYR:MYITKYINA Ͳ
PAMMATEͲ SINBO

1000

500

0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
ᐕ

࿑1-82

 ࡂࠗࠗࡠࠟࡦߩ⿧౻࿾ߪਛ࿖ධㇱ߆ࠄࠗࡦ࠼ࠪ࠽ർㇱ‫࠼ࡦࠗޔ‬ർㇱߦ෸߱߇‫ޔ‬AWCߢߪߎߩ࿾ၞߩࠨࠗ
࠻߇ዋߥ޿ߚ߼‫ޔ‬㧡ᐕએ਄ߩ⛮⛯ࠨࠗ࠻ߢࡂࠗࠗࡠࠟࡦ߇⏕⹺ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ࿾ὐ߽ਛ࿖ߦ㧟ࠞᚲ‫ࡦࡖࡒޔ‬
ࡑ࡯ߦ㧞ࠞᚲߛߌߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
 ਛ࿖ߩࠨࠗ࠻ߪ⺞ᩏ㑆㓒߇㐳ߊ㐿޿ߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬୘૕ᢙߩᄌേ߽਄ਅ߇ỗߒߊ‫ޔ‬Ⴧᷫ௑ะߪਇ᣿ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
ࡒࡖࡦࡑ࡯ߩ㧞ࠞᚲߩࠨࠗ࠻ߢߪ‫⺞ޔ‬ᩏ߇㐿ᆎߐࠇߚ2000ᐕએ㒠ߪ቟ቯߒߚ୘૕ᢙߢផ⒖ߒߡ޿ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬
2007ᐕߦIRRAWADDY R: MYITKYINA - PAMMATE - SINBOߢ‫ߩߢ߹ࠇߘޔ‬ᐔᐕߩ⚂10୚ߦ޽ߚࠆ1958⠀
߇⸥㍳ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬


49
 
ԙࠪࠡ࡮࠴࠼࡝㘃

AWCߩࠪࠡ࡮࠴࠼࡝㘃ߩ⸥㍳ߦߟ޿ߡ

 ోࠨࠗ࠻㧔2408ࠞᚲ㧕ߩ߁ߜ‫⺞ޔ‬ᩏߩోᦼ㑆ࠍㅢߒߡ৻ᐲߢ߽ࠪࠡ࡮࠴࠼࡝㘃߇⸥㍳ߐࠇߚߩߪ1782ࠞ
ᚲߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬AWC࠺࡯࠲ߩߥ߆ߢᦨ߽ᄙߊߩࠪࠡ࡮࠴࠼࡝㘃࠺࡯࠲ࠍឭଏߒߡ޿ࠆߩߪࠝ࡯ࠬ࠻࡜࡝ࠕ‫ޔ‬บ
ḧ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬
 ᧄ▵ߢߪ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄ෸߮ᣣᧄߢ⷗ࠄࠇࠆ⒳߇ᄙߊ⿧౻ߒߡ޿ࠆࠝ࡯ࠬ࠻࡜࡝ࠕߢAWC࠺࡯࠲ࡌ࡯ࠬߦ⸥㍳ᢙ
ߩᄙ޿11⒳ߦߟ޿ߡ‫ߩࠇߙࠇߘޔ‬࿖ߩో⺞ᩏᦼ㑆ߩඨಽએ਄ߩᐕߦ⺞ᩏ߇ⴕࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆࠨࠗ࠻ࠍ᛽಴ߒߡ
ࠣ࡜ࡈࠍ૞ᚑߒ‫ޔ‬୘૕ᢙᄌൻߩ௑ะࠍ⠨ኤߒߚ‫߅ߥޕ‬୘૕ᢙᄌൻߦߟ޿ߡߪࠣ࡜ࡈߩ௑߈߆ࠄᄢ߹߆ߦ್
ቯߒߡ߅ࠅ‫⸘⛔ޔ‬ಣℂߥߤߪⴕߞߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޕ‬
 ߐࠄߦᣣᧄߩ⸥㍳ߦߟ޿ߡߪࠪࠡ࡮࠴࠼࡝㘃୘૕ᢙᄌേࡕ࠾࠲࡝ࡦࠣߣࡕ࠾࠲࡝ࡦࠣࠨࠗ࠻1000ߩ࠺࡯
࠲ࠍ↪޿ߡ‫ޔ‬ᤐ࡮⑺࡮౻ߘࠇߙࠇߩᤨᦼߩ୘૕ᢙࠍࠣ࡜ࡈൻߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬1974-85ᐕߩ⺞ᩏߣ2000-2003ᐕߩ
⺞ᩏߣࠍᲧセߒߚ⚂20ᐕ㑆ߩ௑ะ㧔ᄤ㊁2006㧕߇ಽ߆ߞߡ޿ࠆ⒳ߦߟ޿ߡߪ‫ߩߘޔ‬௑ะࠍ⸥ㅀߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ ޕ‬

࿖䋨࿾ၞ䋩ฬ 䉲䉩䉼䊄䊥䈱䊂䊷䉺ઙᢙ

㪘㪬㪪㪫㪩㪘㪣㪠㪘 㪈㪇㪎㪎㪍
㪫㪘㪠㪮㪘㪥 㪌㪎㪈㪐
㪡㪘㪧㪘㪥 㪌㪋㪈㪐
㪧㪟㪠㪣㪠㪧㪧㪠㪥㪜㪪 㪊㪐㪐㪏
㪤㪘㪣㪘㪰㪪㪠㪘 㪊㪎㪊㪐
㪙㪘㪥㪞㪣㪘㪛㪜㪪㪟 㪊㪍㪇㪋
㪫㪟㪘㪠㪣㪘㪥㪛 㪉㪍㪋㪌
㪚㪟㪠㪥㪘 㪈㪍㪋㪊
㪤㪰㪘㪥㪤㪘㪩 㪈㪊㪇㪋
㪪㪦㪬㪫㪟㩷㪢㪦㪩㪜㪘 㪈㪇㪐㪍
㪪㪠㪥㪞㪘㪧㪦㪩㪜 㪈㪇㪐㪈
㪠㪥㪛㪦㪥㪜㪪㪠㪘 㪐㪇㪇
㪟㪦㪥㪞㩷㪢㪦㪥㪞 㪌㪐㪇
㪭㪠㪜㪫㪥㪘㪤 㪋㪌㪎
㪙㪩㪬㪥㪜㪠 㪊㪐㪊
㪚㪘㪤㪙㪦㪛㪠㪘 㪉㪎㪐
㪫㪠㪤㪦㪩㩷㪣㪜㪪㪫㪜 㪈㪎㪏
㪣㪘㪦 㪏㪊
㪧㪘㪧㪬㪘㩷㪥㪅㪞㪬㪠㪥㪜㪘 㪏㪉
㪤㪘㪚㪘㪦 㪋㪈

⴫1-3 ฦ࿖ߩࠪࠡ࡮࠴࠼࡝㘃࠺࡯࠲ઙᢙ


50
 
=1?࠴ࡘ࠙ࠪࡖࠢࠪࠡ

160000 12000
c 1400000
a
140000 Japan 1200000 AUSTRALIA
10000
Winte QUEENSLAND
120000 rmax 1000000 CAIRNS
8000 total
100000 TAIWAN AUSTRALIA
Japan 800000
CHINME QUEENSLAND
80000 6000 Spring
NCHINͲ MACKAY
max 600000
MEN
60000 total
(KINME 4000 AUSTRALIA
400000
40000 N) Japan QUEENSLAND
ISLAND Autu MORETONBAY
2000 200000
20000 mn
max AUSTRALIA
0 0 total 0 QUEENSLAND

1977
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
TOWNSVILLE
1977
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006

1977
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
250000
300000
AUSTRALIA b
PHILIPPINES NEWSOUTH
200000 MINDANAO: 250000 WALES
Region11 BOTANYBAY
MALALAG
150000 200000 AUSTRALIA
BAY:
NEWSOUTH
TAGUICONͲ WALES
BALASINON 150000 CLARENCE
100000
ESTUARY
AUSTRALIA
PHILIPPINES 100000
NEWSOUTH
50000 VISAYAS:
WALES
Region6 HUNTER
50000
BRGY. ESTUARY
0 Suay,Himama AUSTRALIA
ylanCity
1977
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006

0 NEWSOUTH
WALES

1977
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
RICHMOND
ESTUARY
450000

400000
b 140000
AUSTRALIA
350000 SINGAPORE 120000 VICTORIACORNER
KHATIB INLET
300000 BONGSU 100000
250000
80000
200000
SINGAPORE 60000
150000
MANDAI
100000 MUDFLAT(SG 40000
MANDAI&SG
50000 PANGSUA 20000
MUDFLATS)
0
0
1977
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006

1977
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
1400000 80000 6000

1200000 70000
5000
60000
1000000
MALAYSIA
50000 4000
SELANGOR
800000 AUSTRALIA
NC 40000
AUSTRALIA
SOUTHERN 3000 TASMANIA
SELANGOR OrieltonLagoon
600000 AUSTRALIA
COAST: 30000 /Sorell/Barilla
GULFST
KAPAR VINCENT 2000 Bay
400000 20000
POWER
STATION 10000 1000
200000

0
0 0
1977
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
1977
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006

1977
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006

900000 250000

800000 AUSTRALIA
200000 NORTHERN
700000 TERRITORY
600000 NorthDarwin
150000
500000
AUSTRALIA
400000
WESTERN 100000
300000 AUSTRALIA
Roebuck
200000 50000
Bay
100000
0 0
1977
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006

1977
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006

࿑1-83

 ࠕࠫࠕ᳓㠽࠮ࡦࠨࠬߦ߅ߌࠆ࠴ࡘ࠙ࠪࡖࠢࠪࠡߩਥߥ⸥㍳‫⺞ࠣ࠶࡜ࡈޕ‬ᩏߢߪ⽕᧲ㇱߣߩ㑆ߢᷰࠅ߇⏕
⹺ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫᧲⽕ޕ‬ㇱ‫৻ߩ࡞࡯ࡐࠟࡦࠪޔ‬ㇱߢჇട௑ะࠍ␜ߔࠨࠗ࠻߇޽ߞߚ㧔࿑ab)‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߢ⸥㍳ߐࠇߚ
✚୘૕ᢙߪ⚂20ᐕ㑆ߩ௑ะߢߪᤐ࡮⑺ߣ߽᦭ᗧߥ௑ะߪߥ޿߇‫ᦨޔ‬ㄭߪᤐ⑺ߦᷫዋ௑ะ߇ߺࠄࠇߚ㧔࿑
c㧕‫ޕ‬




51
 
=2?࠻࠙ࡀࡦ

3500
TAIWAN
CHANGHUA
12000
e 8000
a
HANͲPAO 7000
3000 10000 AUSTRALIA
Japan
TAIWANCHIAYI Winter 6000 QUEENSLAND
AOͲKU
2500 max CAIRNS
8000
total 5000
2000 TAIWANCHIAYI
PUͲTAI(BUDAI)
6000 4000
Japan AUSTRALIA
1500 Spring QUEENSLAND
TAIWAN 3000 MACKAY
CHINMEN
4000 max
CHINͲMEN
1000 (KINMEN) total 2000
ISLAND
TAIWAN
HSINCHUKUͲ 2000
500 LIAO(KANG Japan 1000 AUSTRALIA
NAN)(HSINCHU
COAST) Autumn QUEENSLAND
0
TAIWANILAN
0 max 0 MORETONBAY
CHUͲAN
total

1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008

1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2000
1800
600
b
PHILIPPINES AUSTRALIANEW
1600 VISAYAS: 500 SOUTHWALES
BOTANYBAY
1400 Region7
OLANGO 400
1200 ISLAND AUSTRALIANEW
WILDLIFE SOUTHWALES
1000
SANCTUARY 300 CLARENCE
800 ESTUARY

600 AUSTRALIANEW
PHILIPPINES 200 SOUTHWALES
400 VISAYAS: HUNTERESTUARY
Region8 100
200
CARIGARA AUSTRALIANEW
0 BAY SOUTHWALES
WETLANDS 0
1990

1992

1994

1996

1998

2000

2002

2004

2006

RICHMOND
ESTUARY

1973
1975
1977
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
500

450 30000 AUSTRALIAVICTORIA

BellarinePeninsulaͲ
BlackRocks/Breamlea
400
25000 AUSTRALIAVICTORIA
EAST PORT
350 MALAYSIA PHILLIP/Seafordarea

300 SELANGOR 20000 AUSTRALIAVICTORIA

LakeConnewarrearea
NC
250 SELANGOR AUSTRALIAVICTORIA
15000 Laverton/Altona
200 COAST:
KAPAR AUSTRALIAVICTORIA
150 POWER 10000 MoolapSaltworks

100 STATION AUSTRALIAVICTORIA

SwanBay& MudIslands
5000
50
AUSTRALIAVICTORIA
Werribee/Avalon
0 0
1990

1992

1994

1996

1998

2000

2002

2004

2006

1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
AUSTRALIAVICTORIA
WESTERNPORT BAY

30000
d
AUSTRALIA
35000 4000
AUSTRALIA c
TASMANIACAPE
WESTERN 30000 3500
25000 AUSTRALIA PORTLAND
AUSTRALIA80
SOUTHERN
MILEBEACH
25000 AUSTRALIA 3000
20000 CarpenterRocks AUSTRALIA
AUSTRALIA TASMANIA
2500
WESTERN 20000 MARIONBAY
15000 AUSTRALIA AUSTRALIA
ALBANY 2000
15000 SOUTHERN
AUSTRALIAGULF AUSTRALIA
10000 AUSTRALIA STVINCENT 1500 TASMANIA
WESTERN 10000 OrieltonLagoon/
AUSTRALIA 1000 Sorell/BarillaBay
5000 RoebuckBay AUSTRALIA
5000 AUSTRALIA
SOUTHERN 500
TASMANIA
AUSTRALIA AUSTRALIAPort
0 0 Pipeclay/
WESTERN MacDonnell 0 Calvert's/South
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007

1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007

AUSTRALIA
Arm/Lauderdale
1973
1975
1977
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007

SwanRiver&
Rottnest
Island

࿑1-84

 ࠕࠫࠕ᳓㠽࠮ࡦࠨࠬߦ߅ߌࠆ࠻࠙ࡀࡦߩਥߥ⸥㍳‫⺞ࠣ࠶࡜ࡈޕ‬ᩏߢߪ⽕ධㇱ‫⷏⽕ޔ‬ㇱ‫ޔ‬บḧ‫ޔ‬㖧࿖‫ޔ‬ਛ
࿖ਛㇱ‫ޔ‬ධㇱߥߤߣᣣᧄߩ㑆ߢᷰࠅ߇⏕⹺ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ࠕ࡝࡜࠻ࠬ࡯ࠝޕ‬ධ᧲ㇱ㧔ࡆࠢ࠻࡝ࠕᎺ㧕ߢߪᄐ
㧔ᣣᧄߩ౻㧕ߩࠞ࠙ࡦ࠻ߢ‫ޔ‬1979㨪1999ᐕ㗃ߪᷫዋ‫ޔ‬1999㨪2004ᐕ㗃ߪჇട௑ะ߇␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ
Gosbell
& Clemens 2006)‫ޕ‬
 ⽕ߩ࠾ࡘ࡯ࠨ࠙ࠬ࠙ࠚ࡯࡞࠭‫ߢࠕ࠾ࡑࠬ࠲ޔ‬ᷫዋ௑ะ㧔࿑bc)‫ࠕ࡝࡜࠻ࠬ࡯ࠝ⷏ޔ࠼ࡦ࡜࠭ࡦ࡯ࠗࠢޕ‬Ꮊ
ߢߪᦨㄭߪჇട௑ะ㧔࿑ad)‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߢ⸥㍳ߐࠇߚ✚୘૕ᢙߪ⚂20ᐕ㑆ߩ௑ะߢߪᤐ࡮⑺ߣ߽ᷫዋ௑ะߦ޽ࠆ
߇‫ᦨޔ‬ㄭߪ⑺ߦჇട௑ะ߇ߺࠄࠇߚ‫ޕ‬ᤐߩ⸥㍳୘૕ᢙߪᄌേߒߡ޿ߚ㧔࿑e㧕‫ޕ‬




52
 
=3?ࡓ࠽ࠣࡠ
250 8000 4500

HONGKONGHONG
a 4000 TAIWANCHANGHUA
7000 HANͲPAO
200 KONGDEEPBAY
JapanWintermax
COMBINED(covers 3500 TAIWANCHANGHUA
6000 total
FutianNRinShenzhen) TAͲTUͲHSI(RIVER)
JapanSpringmax 3000
150 5000 total TAIWANCHIAYIAOͲKU
2500
4000
2000 TAIWANCHIAYIPUͲTAI
100 (BUDAI)
3000
1500
TAIWANCHINMEN
2000 1000 CHINͲMEN(KINMEN)
50
ISLAND
TAIWANHSINCHUKUͲ
1000 500
LIAO(KANGNAN)
0 (HSINCHUCOAST)
0 0 TAIWANILANCHUͲAN

1973
1976
1979
1982
1985
1988
1991
1994
1997
2000
2003
2006

1973
1975
1977
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
1200 3000 600
PHILIPPINES
BANGLADESH MINDANAO:Region10
1000 2500 CHITTAGONG 500
ALUBIJIDWETLAND
MOULAVIRCHAR

800 MALAYSIAPENANG 2000 400 PHILIPPINES

BATUMAUNG(BATU BANGLADESH MINDANAO:Region10
UBAN/FREETRADE CHITTAGONGNIJUM BONIFACIOWETLAND
600 ZONE) 1500 DWEEP(Kamala& 300
OsmanChar) PHILIPPINES
200 MINDANAO:Region10
400 1000
OPOLWETLANDAREA
(BRGY.IGPITAND
500 100 BARRAOPOL)
200 PHILIPPINESVISAYAS:
Region6BRGY.
Suay,HimamaylanCity
0 0 0
1973
1976
1979
1982
1985
1988
1991
1994
1997
2000
2003
2006

1800 SINGAPORE 250 2500

CHANGICOAST
1600 (TANAHMERAH)
200 BRUNEI 2000
1400 BELAITSERIA AUSTRALIA
SINGAPOREKHATIB
BONGSU WETLAND: QUEENSLAND
1200 SUNGAI CAIRNS
150 SERIA 1500
1000 ESTUARY AUSTRALIA
SINGAPORE QUEENSLAND
800 LORONGHALUS MACKAY
100 1000
(SUNGEI
600 SERANGOON AUSTRALIA
ESTUARY) QUEENSLAND
400 SINGAPORE
MANDAIMUDFLAT 50 500 MORETONBAY

200 (SGMANDAI&SG
PANGSUA
0 MUDFLATS) 0 0
SINGAPORE
1973
1975
1977
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007

1973
1976
1979
1982
1985
1988
1991
1994
1997
2000
2003
2006
PUNGGOL
GRASSLANDS
(SUNGAI
PUNGGOL)
400 350 900

350 800
300
700
300 AUSTRALIANEWSOUTH
250 WALESBOTANYBAY
600
250 INDONESIABALI AUSTRALIASOUTHERN
GILIMANUKBAY 200 AUSTRALIACarpenter AUSTRALIANEWSOUTH
500
Rocks WALESCLARENCE
200 INDONESIABALI ESTUARY
SUWUNGINTERIOR 150 AUSTRALIASOUTHERN 400
AUSTRALIANEWSOUTH
150 AUSTRALIACOORONG
WALESHUNTER
300
100 ESTUARY
100 AUSTRALIASOUTHERN AUSTRALIANEWSOUTH
AUSTRALIAGULFST 200
WALESPARRAMATTA
50 VINCENT ESTUARY
50 100
AUSTRALIASOUTHERN AUSTRALIANEWSOUTH
0 AUSTRALIAPort 0 WALESRICHMOND
0
MacDonnell ESTUARY
1973
1976
1979
1982
1985
1988
1991
1994
1997
2000
2003
2006

1973
1976
1979
1982
1985
1988
1991
1994
1997
2000
2003
2006
1973
1976
1979
1982
1985
1988
1991
1994
1997
2000
2003
2006

AUSTRALIANEWSOUTH
WALESTUGGERAHLAKE

60 450 300

400
50 250
350 AUSTRALIATASMANIA
AUSTRALIA
CAPEPORTLAND
40 WESTERN
300 200
AUSTRALIA
ALBANY AUSTRALIAVICTORIA
250 AUSTRALIATASMANIA LakeConnewarre area
30 OrieltonLagoon/Sorell 150
200 /BarillaBay AUSTRALIAVICTORIA
Laverton/Altona
20 150 AUSTRALIATASMANIA 100
ROBBINSPASSAGE AUSTRALIAVICTORIA
/BoullangerBay MoolapSaltworks
100
10 50 AUSTRALIAVICTORIA
50 SwanBay&Mud Islands
0 0 0 AUSTRALIAVICTORIA
1973
1975
1977
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007

Werribee/Avalon
1973
1976
1979
1982
1985
1988
1991
1994
1997
2000
2003
2006

1973
1976
1979
1982
1985
1988
1991
1994
1997
2000
2003
2006

AUSTRALIAVICTORIA
WESTERNPORTBAY

࿑1-85

 ࠕࠫࠕ᳓㠽࠮ࡦࠨࠬߦ߅ߌࠆࡓ࠽ࠣࡠߩਥߥ⸥㍳‫⺞ࠣ࠶࡜ࡈޕ‬ᩏߢߪࠨࠗࡄࡦߣᣣᧄߩ㑆ߢᷰࠅ߇⏕⹺
ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫⽕ޕ‬ർ᧲ㇱߢߪჇട௑ะ‫ޔ‬ධ᧲ㇱߢߪᷫዋ௑ะࠍ৻ㇱ߇␜ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߢߪ‫⚂ޔ‬20ᐕ㑆ߩ௑ะߢ
ߪᤐߣ⑺ߦᷫዋ௑ะ߇޽ߞߚ‫ᦨޕ‬ㄭߪᄌേߒߡ޿ࠆ
࿑a)‫ޕ‬




53
 
=4]࠳ࠗ࠯ࡦ
4000
SOUTHKOREA
BUSAN
4500

4000
c 1200

TAIWAN
3500 NAKDONG
ESTUARY Japan 1000 CHANGHUAHANͲ
3000 SOUTHKOREA 3500 Winter
CHUNGNAM PAO
JANGHANG maxtotal
3000 800
2500 RESERVOIR
(Estuary)
SOUTHKOREA
Japan TAIWAN
2500 CHANGHUATAͲ
2000
CHUNGNAM Springmax 600
YUBUISLAND
2000 total TUͲHSI(RIVER)
1500 SOUTHKOREA
GYEONGGI 1500 Japan 400
NAMYANGBAY Autumn
TAIWANCHIAYI
1000 AOͲKU
1000 maxtotal
SOUTHKOREA 200
500 JEONBUK
500
DONGJIN
(TONGJIN)RIVER
0 ESTUARY
0 0 TAIWANCHIAYI
SOUTHKOREA
JEONBUK PUͲTAI(BUDAI)
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007

1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
MANGYUNG
RIVERESTUARY

800 250

700 AUSTRALIA
HONG QUEENSLAND
200
600 KONG MORETONBAY
HONG
500 KONG 150
DEEP
400 BAY
COMBIN 100
300
ED
200 (covers
Futian 50
100 NRin
Shenzhe
0 n) 0
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007

1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
700
b 1200
a
600
AUSTRALIA
1000
VICTORIA
500 CORNERINLET
800
400 MALAYSIA
SELANGOR
600
300 NC
SELANGOR
COAST: AUSTRALIA
200 400
VICTORIA
KAPAR
SwanBay&
100 POWER
200 MudIslands
STATION
0
0
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007

1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
350 1000 300
900 AUSTRALIA
300 SOUTHERN
800 250
AUSTRALIA AUSTRALIA
250 AUSTRALIA 700 GULFST TASMANIA
NORTHERN VINCENT 200
600 AUSTRALIA ROBBINS
200 TERRITORY SOUTHERN PASSAGE
North 500 /BoullangerBay
AUSTRALIA 150
150 Darwin 400 StreakyBay
300 100
100
200
50
50 100
0
0
0
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
19……
19……
19……
19……
19……
19……
19……
19……
19……
19……
19……
20……
20……
20……
20……

1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007

1200

AUSTRALIA
1000 WESTERN
AUSTRALIA
800 ALBANY

600 AUSTRALIA
WESTERN
AUSTRALIA
400 RoebuckBay

200
AUSTRALIA
WESTERN
0 AUSTRALIA
SwanRiver
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007

&Rottnest
Island

࿑1-86

 ࠕࠫࠕ᳓㠽࠮ࡦࠨࠬߦ߅ߌࠆ࠳ࠗ࠯ࡦߩਥߥ⸥㍳‫⺞ࠣ࠶࡜ࡈޕ‬ᩏߢߪ⽕ධㇱ‫⷏⽕ޔ‬ㇱ‫ޔ‬ਛ࿖ർㇱ‫ࠪࡠޔ‬
ࠕ࡮࠴ࡘࠦ࠻ඨፉ‫᧲⽕ޔ‬ㇱߣߩ㑆ߢᷰࠅ߇⏕⹺ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫⽕ޕ‬ධㇱߩࡆࠢ࠻࡝ࠕߢᷫዋ௑ะ㧔࿑a㧕‫ࡑޔ‬
࡟࡯ࠪࠕߢჇട௑ะࠍ␜ߔࠨࠗ࠻߇޽ߞߚ㧔࿑b)‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߢ⸥㍳ߐࠇߚ✚୘૕ᢙߪ‫⚂ޔ‬20ᐕ㑆ߩ௑ะߢߪ
ᤐ࡮⑺ߣ߽Ⴧട௑ะߦ޽ߞߚ‫ᦨޕ‬ㄭߪᄌേߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬Ⴧᷫߩ௑ะߪ⹺߼ࠄࠇߥ޿㧔࿑c㧕‫߅ߥޕ‬ᣣᧄߩ࠳ࠗ
࠯ࡦߩჇട௑ะߩේ࿃ߪਇ᣿ߢ޽ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬ㆊ෰ߣᦨㄭߩࠨࠗ࠻ߩ㆑޿߇ᓇ㗀ߒߡ޿ࠆน⢻ᕈ߽⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬


54
 
=5?࡚࡚ࠠ࠙ࠫࠪࠡ
900 5000

800 TAIWANCHANGHUA 4500

d 350

AUSTRALIA
HANͲPAO
300 QUEENSLANDMACKAY
700 4000
JapanWintermax
TAIWANCHIAYIAOͲKU 3500 total 250 AUSTRALIA
600
QUEENSLAND
3000 MORETONBAY
500 JapanSpringmax 200
TAIWANCHINMEN 2500 total
400 CHINͲMEN(KINMEN) 150
ISLAND 2000
300 JapanAutumnmax
TAIWANPENGHUHSINͲ 1500 total 100
JENRESERVOIR
200 1000
50
100 500

0 0 0
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007

1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007

1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
300 120

PHILIPPINESVISAYAS:
a
250 Region7CALITUBAN& 100
TAHONGISLAND
AUSTRALIANEWSOUTH
200 80
PHILIPPINESVISAYAS: WALESBOTANYBAY
Region7MAHABA
ISLAND
150 60

PHILIPPINESVISAYAS:
100 Region7OLANGO 40
ISLANDWILDLIFE
SANCTUARY
50 20
AUSTRALIANEWSOUTH
WALESRICHMOND
0 0 ESTUARY

1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007

45 350

40
b
MALAYSIASARAWAK 300
35 BAKOͲBUNTALBAYAND
SURROUNDINGAREAS AUSTRALIAVICTORIA
250 CORNERINLET
30

25 MALAYSIASELANGOR 200
NCSELANGORCOAST: AUSTRALIAVICTORIA
KAPARPOWERSTATION SwanBay&Mud
20 150 Islands
15 AUSTRALIAVICTORIA
100 Werribee/Avalon
10
50
5 AUSTRALIAVICTORIA
WESTERNPORTBAY
0 0
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007

1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
2500 1400 3000

AUSTRALIAWESTERN 1200
AUSTRALIA80MILE 2500
2000
BEACH
1000 AUSTRALIATASMANIA
AUSTRALIAWESTERN 2000 CAPEPORTLAND
1500 AUSTRALIAALBANY AUSTRALIASOUTHERN
800
AUSTRALIACarpenter
1500 AUSTRALIATASMANIA
Rocks
AUSTRALIAWESTERN ROBBINSPASSAGE
600
1000 AUSTRALIARoebuck AUSTRALIASOUTHERN /BoullangerBay
Bay AUSTRALIAGULFST 1000
400 VINCENT
500
200 AUSTRALIASOUTHERN 500
AUSTRALIAPort
MacDonnell
0 0 0
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007

1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007

250

࿑1-87
200
AUSTRALIA
NORTHERN
TERRITORY
150 NorthDarwin

100

50

0
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007

 ࠕࠫࠕ᳓㠽࠮ࡦࠨࠬߦ߅ߌࠆ࡚࡚ࠠ࠙ࠫࠪࠡߩਥߥ⸥㍳‫⺞ࠣ࠶࡜ࡈޕ‬ᩏߢߪ⽕ධㇱ‫᧲⽕ޔ‬ㇱ‫ޔ‬㖧࿖‫⽕ޔ‬
⷏ㇱ‫ޔ࠼ࡦ࡜࡯ࠫ࡯ࡘ࠾ޔ‬บḧ‫ߣߤߥࡦࡇ࡝ࠖࡈޔ‬ᣣᧄߣߩ㑆ߢᷰࠅ߇⏕⹺ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ࠨߪࠕ࡝࠻ࠢࡆޕ‬
ࠗ࠻ߦࠃࠅჇᷫ௑ะ߇⇣ߥߞߡ޿ߚ㧔࿑b㧕‫ࠕ࡝࠻ࠢࡆ⽕ޕ‬Ꮊߢߪᄐ㧔ᣣᧄߩ౻㧕ߩ⸥㍳ߪᄌേߒߡ߅ࠅ৻
ቯߩ௑ะߪߥ޿ߣߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ
Gosbell & Clemens 2006)‫৻ߩ⽕ޕ‬ㇱߢᷫዋ௑ะࠍ␜ߔࠨࠗ࠻߇޽ߞߚ㧔࿑
a)‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߩ⚂20ᐕ㑆ߩ௑ะߢߪᤐߦᷫዋ௑ะ߇޽ߞߚ߇‫ᦨޔ‬ㄭߪᤐߦჇട௑ะ߇ߺࠄࠇߚ‫⑺ޕ‬౻ߪᷫዋ௑
ะߦ޽ߞߚ㧔࿑d)‫ޕ‬

 
55
 
=6]ࠠࠕࠪࠪࠡ
1000 7000
e 3500
a
900 TAIWAN
CHANGHUATAͲ 6000 3000 AUSTRALIA
TUͲHSI(RIVER)
800 QUEENSLAND
Japan
700 5000 2500 CAIRNS
TAIWAN winter
KAOHSIUNG
600 YUNGͲAN
4000 2000 AUSTRALIA
500 QUEENSLAND
TAIWAN
3000 1500 MACKAY
400 PENGHUHSINͲ Japan
JENRESERVOIR
spring
300 2000 1000 AUSTRALIA
TAIWAN QUEENSLAND
200 PINGTUNGLINͲ
PIENͲCHI(HSI)
1000 500 MORETONBAY
100
Japan
0 TAIWAN 0 autumn 0 AUSTRALIA
TAINANPEIͲ
QUEENSLAND
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008

1973
1976
1979
1982
1985
1988
1991
1994
1997
2000
2003
2006
MEN
TOWNSVILLE

2500 250
b
PHILIPPINES AUSTRALIANEW
2000 LUZON: 200
SOUTHWALES
Region3 BOTANYBAY
MANILABAY:
PUERTO AUSTRALIANEW
1500 150
RIVAS,BALAN SOUTHWALES
GA CLARENCE
ESTUARY
1000 AUSTRALIANEW
100
SOUTHWALES
PHILIPPINES
MINDANAO: HUNTER
500 ESTUARY
Region10 50 AUSTRALIANEW
ALUBIJID SOUTHWALES
WETLAND PortStephens
0
0
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005

AUSTRALIANEW
SOUTHWALES
RICHMOND
80 ESTUARY
80
70
AUSTRALIA
70 VICTORIA
60 CORNERINLET
60
50
50
AUSTRALIA
40 AUSTRALIA
40 VICTORIA
NORTHERN Werribee/
30 TERRITORY Avalon
30
North
20 Darwin 20 AUSTRALIA
VICTORIA
10 10 WESTERNPORT
BAY
0 0
1973
1976
1979
1982
1985
1988
1991
1994
1997
2000
2003
2006

16000
d 25 6 c
14000
AUSTRALIA 20 AUSTRALIA 5
12000 WESTERN SOUTHERN
AUSTRALIA80 AUSTRALIAPort
10000 MILEBEACH MacDonnell 4
15

8000 AUSTRALIA
3 TASMANIA
AUSTRALIA 10 CAPE
6000
WESTERN PORTLAND
2
AUSTRALIA
4000
RoebuckBay 5
2000 1

0 0
0
1973
1976
1979
1982
1985
1988
1991
1994
1997
2000
2003
2006

1973
1976
1979
1982
1985
1988
1991
1994
1997
2000
2003
2006

1973
1975
1977
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007

࿑1-88

 ࠕࠫࠕ᳓㠽࠮ࡦࠨࠬߦ߅ߌࠆࠠࠕࠪࠪࠡߩਥߥ⸥㍳‫⺞ࠣ࠶࡜ࡈޕ‬ᩏߢߪ⽕᧲ㇱ‫⷏⽕ޔ‬ㇱ‫ޔ࠷ࠕ࠿ࡃޔ‬บ
ḧ‫⽕ޔ‬ධㇱ‫ߩߣߤߥࡓࠕࠣޔ‬㑆ߢᷰࠅ߇⏕⹺ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫࠼ࡦ࡜࠭ࡦ࡯ࠗࠢߩ⽕ޕ‬㧔࿑a㧕‫࡝࡜࠻ࠬ࡯ࠝ⷏ޔ‬
ࠕᎺ㧔࿑c㧕ߥߤߢ‫ޔ‬Ⴧട௑ะࠍ␜ߔࠨࠗ࠻߇޽ࠅ‫᧲⽕ޔ‬ㇱߩ৻ㇱߦᷫዋ௑ะࠍ␜ߔࠨࠗ࠻߇޽ߞߚ㧔࿑
b㧕‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߩ⚂20ᐕ㑆ߩ௑ะߢߪᤐߦᷫዋ௑ะ߇޽ߞߚ߇‫ᦨޔ‬ㄭߪᤐߦჇടߒߡ޿ࠆ㧔࿑d㧕‫ޕ‬




56
 
=7?ࠝࠝ࠰࡝ࡂࠪࠪࠡ

600 3500
e 14000
a
AUSTRALIA
3000 Japan 12000 QUEENSLAND
500
Winter CAIRNS
2500 max 10000 AUSTRALIA
400 total QUEENSLAND
PHILIPPINES 8000 MACKAY
2000 Japan
VISAYAS: AUSTRALIA
300 Spring
Region7 QUEENSLAND
1500 max 6000
OLANGO MORETONBAY
total
200 ISLAND
1000 Japan 4000
WILDLIFE
SANCTUARY Autumn
100 500 max 2000
total
0 0 0

1973
1975
1977
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
1973
1975
1977
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007

1973
1975
1977
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
2500
3000
b
2000 2500

AUSTRALIANEW
1500 2000 SOUTHWALES
BOTANYBAY
MALAYSIA
SELANGORNC 1500 AUSTRALIANEW
1000 SELANGOR SOUTHWALES
CLARENCEESTUARY
COAST:KAPAR
POWER 1000 AUSTRALIANEW
500 STATION SOUTHWALES
HUNTERESTUARY
500
AUSTRALIANEW
0 SOUTHWALES
0 PARRAMATTA
1973
1976
1979
1982
1985
1988
1991
1994
1997
2000
2003
2006

ESTUARY
AUSTRALIANEW

1973
1975
1977
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
SOUTHWALES
RICHMONDESTUARY
2500 AUSTRALIA
NORTHERN
14000
TERRITORY AUSTRALIA
VICTORIA
2000 NorthDarwin 12000 CORNERINLET

10000 AUSTRALIA
1500
VICTORIASwan
8000 Bay&Mud
Islands
1000 6000 AUSTRALIA
VICTORIA
4000 Werribee/
500 Avalon
2000 AUSTRALIA
VICTORIA
0 0 WESTERNPORT
BAY
1973
1976
1979
1982
1985
1988
1991
1994
1997
2000
2003
2006

1973
1975
1977
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
100000 1800
90000
d 1600 c
3500

3000 AUSTRALIA
80000
AUSTRALIA 1400 TASMANIA
70000 WESTERN OrieltonLagoon/
2500
AUSTRALIA80 1200 Sorell/BarillaBay
60000 MILEBEACH
1000 AUSTRALIA 2000
50000 SOUTHERN
AUSTRALIA 800 AUSTRALIA
40000 WESTERN GULFST 1500
AUSTRALIA
AUSTRALIA 600 VINCENT
30000 ALBANY
TASMANIA
1000 ROBBINSPASSAGE
20000 400 /BoullangerBay
AUSTRALIA
10000 WESTERN 200 500
AUSTRALIAPeel&
0 YalgorupLakes 0 0
1973
1976
1979
1982
1985
1988
1991
1994
1997
2000
2003
2006

1973
1975
1977
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007

1973
1975
1977
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007

࿑1-89

 ࠕࠫࠕ᳓㠽࠮ࡦࠨࠬߦ߅ߌࠆࠝࠝ࠰࡝ࡂࠪࠪࠡߩਥߥ⸥㍳‫⺞ࠣ࠶࡜ࡈޕ‬ᩏߢߪ⽕ධ‫ޔ⷏⽕ޔ᧲⽕ޔ‬ਛ࿖
ർㇱ‫ޔ‬㖧࿖ߥߤߣߩ㑆ߦ㑐ㅪ߇␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ࠕ࡝࡜࠻ࠬ࡯ࠝ⷏ޔ࠼ࡦ࡜࠭ࡦ࡯ࠗࠢߩ⽕ޕ‬Ꮊߩ৻ㇱߢჇട
௑ะࠍ␜ߒ㧔࿑a,d)‫ޔ࠭࡞࡯ࠚ࠙ࠬ࠙ࠨ࡯ࡘ࠾ޔ‬ධࠝ࡯ࠬ࠻࡜࡝ࠕᎺߩ৻ㇱߢᷫዋ௑ะ߇޽ߞߚ
࿑b,c)‫ޕ‬ᣣ
ᧄߩ⚂20ᐕ㑆ߩ௑ะߦߪ᦭ᗧߥ௑ะߪߥߊ‫ᦨޔ‬ㄭߪᄌേߒߡ޿ߚ㧔࿑f㧕‫ޕ‬


57
 
=8]ࡔ࠳ࠗ࠴࠼࡝
350 3500 2500

TAIWANCHANGHUA
d AUSTRALIA
300 3000
HANͲPAO 2000 QUEENSLANDCAIRNS
JapanWintermax
250 2500 total
TAIWANCHIAYIAOͲ AUSTRALIA
KU 1500 QUEENSLANDGreat
200 2000 JapanSpringmax SandyStraight
TAIWANCHIAYIPUͲ total AUSTRALIA
150 1500
TAI(BUDAI) 1000 QUEENSLAND
JapanAutumnmax MACKAY
100 1000 total
TAIWANTAINAN AUSTRALIA
TSENGͲWEN CHI 500 QUEENSLAND
50 500
(RIVER) MORETONBAY

0 0 0
1977
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006

1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007

1977
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
12000 350
BANGLADESH
300
a
10000 CHITTAGONGNIJUM
DWEEP(Kamala&
OsmanChar) 250
8000 AUSTRALIANEW
BANGLADESH
SOUTHWALESBOTANY
CHITTAGONGPATENGA 200 BAY
6000 BEACH/ESTUARY
150
4000 AUSTRALIANEW
100 SOUTHWALES
CLARENCEESTUARY
2000 50

0 0 AUSTRALIANEW
SOUTHWALES

1977
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
1977
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006

RICHMONDESTUARY

160 300

140
b
250
120 AUSTRALIA
HONGKONG VICTORIACORNER
HONGKONG 200
100 INLET
DEEPBAY
80 COMBINED 150
AUSTRALIA
(coversFutian
VICTORIASwanBay
60 NRin……
100 &MudIslands
40
50 AUSTRALIA
20 VICTORIA
WESTERNPORT BAY
0 0

1977
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
1977
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006

800 SINGAPORE 1200 30

CHANGICOAST
700 (TANAHMERAH) 1000 c 25
600
800 20 AUSTRALIA
500 SINGAPORE AUSTRALIA TASMANIACAPE
MANDAIMUDFLAT WESTERN PORTLAND
400 600 AUSTRALIA 15
(SGMANDAI&SG
PANGSUA RoebuckBay
300 400 10
MUDFLATS)
200 SINGAPORE AUSTRALIA
PUNGGOL 200 5 TASMANIA
100 GRASSLANDS ROBBINSPASSAGE
(SUNGAI 0 0 /BoullangerBay
0
PUNGGOL)
1977
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006

1977
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
1977
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006

140 1200
4000

3500 120 BRUNEI

MALAYSIAJOHOR 1000
BELAITSERIA AUSTRALIA
SWJOHORCOAST:
3000
PARITJAWA 100 WETLAND: NORTHERN
SUNGAI 800 TERRITORY
2500 SERIA North
80
ESTUARY 600 Darwin
2000
MALAYSIA 60
1500 SELANGORNC 400
SELANGORCOAST: 40
1000 KAPARPOWER
STATION 20 200
500

0 0 0
1977
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006

1977
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
1977
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006

࿑1-90

 ࠕࠫࠕ᳓㠽࠮ࡦࠨࠬߦ߅ߌࠆࡔ࠳ࠗ࠴࠼࡝ߩਥߥ⸥㍳‫⺞ࠣ࠶࡜ࡈޕ‬ᩏߢߪ⽕᧲ㇱ‫ޔ‬㖧࿖‫ޔ‬บḧ‫ࡓࠕࠣޔ‬
ߣᣣᧄߩ㑆ߦ㑐ㅪ߇␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ߩ⽕ޕ‬ർ᧲ㇱ‫ޔ‬บḧ‫৻ߩࠕࠪ࡯࡟ࡑޔ‬ㇱߢჇട௑ะ‫⽕ޔ‬ධ᧲ㇱ‫⽕ޔ‬ർㇱ
ߥߤߢᷫዋ௑ะࠍ␜ߔࠨࠗ࠻߇޽ࠆ㧔࿑a-c)‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߩ⚂20ᐕ㑆ߩ௑ะߢߪ‫ޔ‬ᤐߣ⑺ߦ᦭ᗧߢߪߥ޿߇ᷫዋ௑
ะ߇␜ໂߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ᦨޕ‬ㄭߪᄌേߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬




58
 
=9?ࠝࡃࠪࠡ

࿑1-91

 ࠕࠫࠕ᳓㠽࠮ࡦࠨࠬߦ߅ߌࠆࠝࡃࠪࠡߩਥߥ⸥㍳‫⺞ࠣ࠶࡜ࡈޕ‬ᩏߢߪ⽕ධㇱ‫⷏⽕ޔ‬ㇱ‫᧲⽕ޔ‬ㇱ‫ޔ‬ਛ࿖ਛ
ㇱߣߩ㑆ߢᷰࠅ߇⏕⹺ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬
 ⽕ߩࠢࠗ࡯ࡦ࠭࡜ࡦ࠼‫৻ߩࠕ࠾ࡑࠬ࠲ޔࠕ࡝࠻ࠢࡆޔ‬ㇱߢჇട௑ะࠍ␜ߒ㧔࿑a,c,d)‫ࠬ࠙ࠨ࡯ࡘ࠾ޔ‬
࠙ࠚ࡯࡞࠭‫ޔ‬ධࠝ࡯ࠬ࠻࡜࡝ࠕᎺߩ৻ㇱߢᷫዋ௑ะ߇޽ߞߚ
࿑b,e)‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߩ⚂20ᐕ㑆ߩ௑ะߢߪᤐߦᷫዋ
௑ะߦ޽ࠆ߇‫ᦨޔ‬ㄭߪᄌേߒߡ޿ߚ㧔࿑f㧕‫ޕ‬




59
 
=10?ࠕࠝࠕࠪࠪࠡ

600
TAIWANCHANGHUA
d 1800

1600
e 450
AUSTRALIA
a
400
500 HANͲPAO QUEENSLANDCAIRNS
1400 JapanWintermax 350
TAIWANCHIAYIAOͲKU
total AUSTRALIA
400 1200 300 QUEENSLANDMACKAY
TAIWANCHIAYIPUͲTAI 1000 JapanSpringmax
(BUDAI) 250
300 total AUSTRALIA
800 200 QUEENSLANDMORETON
TAIWANCHINMENCHINͲ
BAY
200 MEN(KINMEN)ISLAND 600 JapanAutumnmax
total
150
TAIWANHSINCHUKUͲ 400
100 LIAO(KANGNAN) 100
(HSINCHUCOAST) 200
TAIWANHWALIENHWAͲ 50
0 LIENͲCHI 0
0
TAIWANILANCHUͲAN 1988199019921994199619982000200220042006

1000
900
300
b
AUSTRALIANEWSOUTH
250 WALESBOTANYBAY
800 HONGKONGHONG
KONGDEEPBAY
700 AUSTRALIANEWSOUTH
COMBINED(covers 200
WALESCLARENCE
600 FutianNRin
ESTUARY
Shenzhen)
500 150 AUSTRALIANEWSOUTH
WALESHUNTER
400 ESTUARY
100 AUSTRALIANEWSOUTH
300
WALESRICHMOND
200 ESTUARY
50
100
0 0

800
c 500
450
700 AUSTRALIAVICTORIA
400 BellarinePeninsulaͲ
600 BlackRocks/
PHILIPPINESMINDANAO: 350 Breamlea
500 Region11MALALAG AUSTRALIAVICTORIA
BAY:TAGUICONͲ 300 CORNERINLET
400 BALASINON
250
PHILIPPINESVISAYAS: AUSTRALIAVICTORIA
300 200
Region7OLANGO EASTPORT
ISLANDWILDLIFE 150 PHILLIP/Seafordarea
200 SANCTUARY
100 AUSTRALIAVICTORIA
PHILIPPINESVISAYAS:
100 LakeConnewarre
Region8CARIGARABAY 50
area
WETLANDS
0 0
AUSTRALIAVICTORIA
Laverton/Altona

3500 1000 140

AUSTRALIAWESTERN 900
3000 AUSTRALIA80MILE 120
800
BEACH AUSTRALIATASMANIA
2500 AUSTRALIAWESTERN 700 100 OrieltonLagoon/Sorell/
AUSTRALIAALBANY AUSTRALIASOUTHERN BarillaBay
600
2000 AUSTRALIACarpenter 80 AUSTRALIATASMANIA
AUSTRALIAWESTERN 500 Rocks ROBBINSPASSAGE
1500 AUSTRALIARoebuckBay AUSTRALIASOUTHERN 60 /BoullangerBay
400
AUSTRALIACOORONG
1000 AUSTRALIAWESTERN 300 40
AUSTRALIASwanRiver& AUSTRALIASOUTHERN
RottnestIsland 200
AUSTRALIAGULFST
500 20
AUSTRALIAWESTERN 100 VINCENT
AUSTRALIAWilsonInlet AUSTRALIASOUTHERN
0 0 0
AUSTRALIAPort
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008

MacDonnell

12

࿑1-92
10
AUSTRALIA
NORTHERN
8 TERRITORY
NorthDarwin

0
1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008

 ࠕࠫࠕ᳓㠽࠮ࡦࠨࠬߦ߅ߌࠆࠕࠝࠕࠪࠪࠡߩਥߥ⸥㍳‫⺞ࠣ࠶࡜ࡈޕ‬ᩏߢߪਛ࿖ධㇱߣᣣᧄߩ㑆ߦ㑐ㅪ߇
␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬Ⴧᷫ௑ะߪ࿾ၞߦࠃߞߡ㆑ߞߡ޿ߚ߇‫᧲⽕ޔ‬ㇱߢߪ৻ㇱߦჇട௑ะ߇ߺࠄࠇߚ㧔࿑ab)‫ޕ‬ᣣ
ᧄߩ⚂20ᐕ㑆ߩ௑ะߢߪ᦭ᗧߥჇᷫ௑ะߪߥ߆ߞߚ߇‫ᦨޔ‬ㄭߪฦቄ▵ߦჇട௑ะ߇ߺࠄࠇߚ㧔࿑c)‫ޕ‬


60
 

11࠰࡝ࡂࠪࠪࠡ
180 PHILIPPINES
MINDANAO:Region
3000
e
350
a
160 d 10ALUBIJID
WETLAND 2500 JapanWintermax
300 AUSTRALIA
QUEENSLAND
140 total ArmstrongBeach
PHILIPPINES 250
120 2000 JapanSpringmax
MINDANAO:Region total AUSTRALIA
100 10SINACABAN 200 QUEENSLANDCAIRNS
MANGROVE 1500
80 150
PHILIPPINES AUSTRALIA
60 VISAYAS:Region6 1000 QUEENSLANDGreat
BRGY.Sampinit
100 SandyStraight
40
500 50 AUSTRALIA
20 QUEENSLANDMACKAY
PHILIPPINES
0 VISAYAS:Region7 0 0
OLANGOISLAND AUSTRALIA

1977
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006

1977
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 WILDLIFE QUEENSLAND
SANCTUARY MORETONBAY

1000 250
b
900
AUSTRALIANEWSOUTH
800 200 WALESBOTANYBAY
700
BANGLADESH
600 CHITTAGONGNIJUM 150
AUSTRALIANEWSOUTH
DWEEP(Kamala&
500 WALESCLARENCE
OsmanChar)
ESTUARY
400 100

300
AUSTRALIANEWSOUTH
200 50 WALESHUNTER
ESTUARY
100
0 0
AUSTRALIANEWSOUTH

1977
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
1977
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006

WALESRICHMOND
ESTUARY

2500 16
MALAYSIAJOHOR 14
KUALAMERSING
2000
12
MALAYSIAJOHORSEDILI
/JasonsBay(Sedili 10
1500 BesarͲKGSriGading)
MALAYSIAJOHORSW 8
JOHORCOAST:PARIT
1000 JAWA AUSTRALIAVICTORIA
6
WESTERNPORTBAY
MALAYSIASARAWAK
BAKOͲBUNTALBAYAND 4
500 SURROUNDINGAREAS
MALAYSIASELANGOR 2
NCSELANGORCOAST:
0 KAPARPOWERSTATION 0
1977
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006

1977
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2000 140
1800
c
120
1600 AUSTRALIA
1400 100 NORTHERN
AUSTRALIAWESTERN TERRITORY
1200 AUSTRALIARoebuck NorthDarwin
80
Bay
1000
60
800
600 40
400
20
200
0 0
1977
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
1977
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006

࿑1-93

 ࠕࠫࠕ᳓㠽࠮ࡦࠨࠬߦ߅ߌࠆ࠰࡝ࡂࠪࠪࠡߩਥߥ⸥㍳‫⺞ࠣ࠶࡜ࡈޕ‬ᩏߢߪบḧ‫᧲⽕ޔ‬ㇱ‫ޔ‬ਛ࿖ਛㇱ‫⽕ޔ‬
ධㇱߣᣣᧄߩ㑆ߦ㑐ㅪ߇␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬
⽕ߩࠢࠗ࡯ࡦ࠭࡜ࡦ࠼‫৻ߩ࠭࡞࡯ࠚ࠙ࠬ࠙ࠨ࡯ࡘ࠾ޔ‬ㇱߢᷫዋ௑ะ
࿑a,b)‫ࠕ࡝࡜࠻ࠬ࡯ࠝ⷏⽕ޔ‬Ꮊ߿ࡈࠖ
࡝ࡇࡦߩ৻ㇱߢჇട௑ะࠍ␜ߔࠨࠗ࠻߇޽ߞߚ㧔࿑c,d)‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߩ⚂20ᐕ㑆ߩ௑ะߢߪ‫ޔ‬ᤐߦᷫዋ௑ะ߇޽ߞ
ߚ߇‫ᦨޔ‬ㄭߪ⑺ߦჇട௑ะ߇ߺࠄࠇߚ㧔࿑e)‫ޕ‬




61


㧞㧕㖧࿖ߩ᳓㠽⺞ᩏ

 ᧄ┨ߢߪ‫ޔ‬㖧࿖ߢⴕࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆ⿧౻ᦼߩ᳓㠽⺞ᩏႎ๔ᦠ㧔1999㨪2004ᐕ㧕ߦឝタߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ࠺࡯࠲ߣ‫ޔ‬
หᤨᦼߦᣣᧄߢⴕࠊࠇߚ⺞ᩏ࠺࡯࠲㧔ࠟࡦࠞࡕ㘃ߩ↢ᕷ⺞ᩏ‫࡝࠼࠴࡮ࠡࠪޔ‬㘃୘૕ᢙᄌേࡕ࠾࠲࡝ࡦࠣ‫ޔ‬
ࡕ࠾࠲࡝ࡦࠣࠨࠗ࠻1000㧕ߩ࠺࡯࠲ࠍᲧセߒ‫ޔ‬ਔ࿖ߦ߅ߌࠆ୘૕ᢙᄌൻߩ㑐ଥᕈߦߟ޿ߡᬌ⸛ࠍⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬


㧔㧝㧕㖧࿖ߩ᳓㠽⺞ᩏ࠺࡯࠲ߩ᭎ⷐ

Ԙ⺞ᩏ૕೙ߣ⺞ᩏᣇᴺ
 ౻㠽߇ᄙߊᷰ᧪ߔࠆᶏጯ‫ޔ‬ḧ‫ޔ‬ḓ‫⾂ޔ‬᳓ᳰ‫ޔ‬ᐔ㊁ߥߤߩਥⷐ౻㠽ᷰ᧪࿾ߦኻߒ‫ޔ‬หᤨ࠮ࡦࠨࠬࠍታᣉߒ
ߡ޿ࠆ‫⺞ޕ‬ᩏ࿾ၞߪ1999ᐕߦ69࿾ၞ‫ޔ‬2000ᐕߦ100࿾ၞ‫ޔ‬2001ᐕߦ114࿾ၞ‫ޔ‬2002㨪2004ᐕߦฦ118࿾ၞߦኻ
ߒ⺞ᩏߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬
 ⺞ᩏߪ1999ᐕ2᦬7ᣣ‫ޔ‬2000ᐕ2᦬13ᣣ㨪14ᣣ‫ޔ‬2001ᐕ1᦬30ᣣ‫ޔ‬2002ᐕ1᦬27ᣣ‫ޔ‬2003ᐕ1᦬26ᣣ‫ޔ‬2004ᐕ2
᦬1ᣣߦታᣉߒߡ޿ࠆ‫⺞ޕ‬ᩏߪ‫ޔ‬ᆎὐߣ⚳ὐߩ޽޿ߛࠍᱠⴕ‫ޔ‬ゞਔ෸߮⦁⥾ࠍ೑↪ߒߡ⒖േߒߥ߇ࠄ‫ޔ‬෺⌒
㏜෸߮ᦸ㆙㏜ߢ⒳ࠍหቯߒ୘૕ᢙࠍࠞ࠙ࡦ࠻ߒߚ‫ޕ‬
⺞ᩏຬߪ2ੱ1⚵ࠍ1࠴࡯ࡓߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬1999ᐕߦ42࠴࡯ࡓ‫ޔ‬2000ᐕߦߪ50࠴࡯ࡓ‫ޔ‬2001ᐕߦߪ61࠴࡯ࡓ‫ޔ‬2002ᐕ
㨪2003ᐕߦߪฦ64࠴࡯ࡓ‫ޔ‬2004ᐕߦߪ65࠴࡯ࡓ߇ෳടߒߚ‫ޕ‬
 ⺞ᩏኻ⽎⒳ߪ‫ࡆࠕޔ‬㘃‫࡝ࡉ࠷ࠗࠞޔ‬㘃‫ޔ‬㡻㘃‫ࡕࠞࡦࠟޔ‬㘃‫ࠡࠨޔ‬㘃‫࡝࠼࠴࡮ࠡࠪޔ‬㘃ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

ԙ⺞ᩏࠨࠗ࠻
 㖧࿖ߩᴪጯ߅ࠃ߮ౝ㒽ᴡᎹߦ118▎ᚲߩࠨࠗ࠻߇⸳⟎ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬㧔࿑2-1㧕

࿑2-1 㖧࿖ߩ᳓㠽⺞ᩏߩࠨࠗ࠻࿾࿑
62



Ԛࠨࠗ࠻ߩⅣႺ඙ಽ

⴫2-1ߦฦࠨࠗ࠻ߩ࿾ฬߣⅣႺ඙ಽࠍ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬

↢ᕷ࿾೎඙ಽ ᶏጯ෸䈶ౝ㒽඙ಽ
⇟ภ 䉰䉟䊃ฬ⒓
ᶏጯᴪ
䉻䊛ḓ䊶 ᧲ᶏ䋨ᣣ ⷏ᶏ䋨㤛
ᶏጯ 䈱ḓ䊶ᐓ ᴡᎹ ᴡญ ධᶏ ౝ㒽
⾂᳓ᳰ ᧄᶏ䋩 ᶏ䋩
ᷢ
㪈 㪚㪿㪼㫆㫃㫎㫆㫅㩷㪙㪸㫊㫀㫅 䃂 䃂
㪉 㪟㪸㪼㫅㪾㫁㫌㩷㪙㫉㫀㪻㪾㪼㪄㪧㪸㫃㪻㪸㫅㪾㩷㪛㪸㫄 䃂 䃂
㪊 㪡㫌㫅㪾㫅㪸㫅㪾㩷㪪㫋㫉㪼㪸㫄 䃂 䃂
㪋 㪫㪸㫅㩷㪪㫋㫉㪼㪸㫄 䃂 䃂
㪧㪸㫃㪻㪸㫅㪾㩷㪣㪸㫂㪼㪒㩷㫀㫅㪺㫃㫌㪻㪼㪻㩷㪞㫐㪼㫆㫅㪾㪸㫅
㪌 䃂 䃂
㪪㫋㫉㪼㪸㫄
㪍 㪥㪸㫄㪿㪸㫅㩷㪩㫀㫍㪼㫉㪒㩷㪰㪸㫅㪾㫇㫐㪼㫆㫅㪾㩷㩽㩷㪰㪼㫆㫁㫌 䃂 䃂
㪙㫌㫂㪿㪸㫅㩷㪩㫀㫍㪼㫉㪒㩷㪚㪿㪼㫆㫅㪾㫇㫐㪼㫆㫅㪾㩷㪛㪸㫄㪄
㪎 䃂 䃂
㪟㫎㪸㪺㪿㪼㫆㫅㩷㪙㫉㫀㪻㪾㪼
㪟㪸㫅㩷㪩㫀㫍㪼㫉㩷㪜㫊㫋㫌㪸㫉㫐㪒㩷㪟㪸㪼㫅㪾㫁㫌㩷㪙㫉㫀㪻㪾㪼㪄
㪏 䃂 䃂
㪦㪻㫌㫊㪸㫅㩷㪦㪹㫊㪼㫉㫍㪸㫋㫆㫉㫐
㪰㫀㫄㫁㫀㫅㩷㪩㫀㫍㪼㫉㪒㩷㪦㪻㫌㫊㪸㫅㩷㪦㪹㫊㪼㫉㫍㪸㫋㫆㫉㫐㪄
㪐 䃂 䃂
㪰㫀㫄㫁㫀㫅㪾㪸㫂
㪈㪇 㪞㪸㫅㪾㪿㫎㪸㪻㫆㪒㩷㪪㫆㫌㫋㪿㪼㫉㫅㩷㪞㪸㫅㪾㪿㫎㪸㪻㫆 䃂 䃂
㪈㪈 㪰㪼㫆㫅㪾㫁㫆㫅㪾㪻㫆㩷㪘㪒㩷㪬㫅㪹㫆㫂㪻㫆㫅㪾 䃂 䃂
㪰㪼㫆㫅㪾㫁㫆㫅㪾㪻㫆㩷㪙㪒㩷㪬㫅㫅㪸㫄㪻㫆㫅㪾㩷㩽
㪈㪉 䃂 䃂
㪪㪸㫅㪹㫆㫂㪻㫆㫅㪾
㪈㪊 㪛㪸㪼㪹㫌㪻㫆 䃂 䃂
㪈㪋 㪪㫀㪿㫎㪸㩷㪣㪸㫂㪼 䃂 䃂
㪈㪌 㪥㪸㫄㫐㪸㫅㪾㩷㪙㪸㫐 䃂 䃂
㪈㪍 㪥㪸㫄㫐㪸㫅㪾㩷㪣㪸㫂㪼 䃂 䃂
㪈㪎 㪘㫊㪸㫅㩷㪙㪸㫐 䃂 䃂
㪈㪏 㪘㫊㪸㫅㩷㪣㪸㫂㪼 䃂 䃂
㪈㪐 㪪㪸㫇㫂㫐㫆㩷㪣㪸㫂㪼 䃂 䃂
㪉㪇 㪰㪼㪻㪸㫅㪾㩷㪩㪼㫊㪼㫉㫍㫆㫀㫉 䃂 䃂
㪉㪈 㪪㪼㫆㫂㫄㫌㫅㩷㪩㪼㪺㫃㪸㫄㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㪘㫉㪼㪸 䃂 䃂
㪉㪉 㪛㪸㪼㪿㫆㩷㪣㪸㫂㪼 䃂 䃂
㪫㪸㪼㪸㫅㪄㪾㫌㫅㩷㪚㫆㪸㫊㫋㪸㫃㩷㪘㫉㪼㪸㩷㪘㪒
㪉㪊 䃂 䃂
㪞㪼㫌㫅㪿㪼㫌㫅㪾㪄㫄㫐㪼㫆㫅
㪫㪸㪼㪸㫅㪄㪾㫌㫅㩷㪚㫆㪸㫊㫋㪸㫃㩷㪘㫉㪼㪸㩷㪙㪒㩷㪥㪸㫄㪄
㪉㪋 䃂 䃂
㫄㫐㪼㫆㫅
㪉㪌 㪛㪸㪼㪺㪿㪼㫆㫅㪾㩷㪣㪸㫂㪼 䃂 䃂
㪉㪍 㪙㪸㪼㪾㫆㫂㩷㪩㪼㫊㪼㫉㫍㫆㫀㫉 䃂 䃂
㪉㪎 㪚㪿㫆㫇㫐㪼㫆㫅㪾㩷㪩㪼㫊㪼㫉㫍㫆㫀㫉 䃂 䃂
㪉㪏 㪚㪿㫌㫅㪾㫁㫌㩷㪣㪸㫂㪼 䃂 䃂
㪉㪐 㪞㪸㫅㫎㪸㫃㩷㪣㪸㫂㪼 䃂 䃂
㪊㪇 㪙㫌㫅㪸㫄㩷㪣㪸㫂㪼 䃂 䃂
㪊㪈 㪡㪸㫄㪿㫆㫅㪾㩷㪩㪼㫊㪼㫉㫍㫆㫀㫉 䃂 䃂
㪊㪉 㪪㪼㫆㫅㪾㪸㫄㩷㪩㪼㫊㪼㫉㫍㫆㫀㫉 䃂 䃂
㪊㪊 㪞㪸㫅㪾㫊㫌㩷㪩㪼㫊㪼㫉㫍㫆㫀㫉 䃂 䃂
㪊㪋 㪧㫌㫅㪾㫁㪼㫆㫅㩷㪩㪼㫊㪼㫉㫍㫆㫀㫉 䃂 䃂
㪊㪌 㪫㪸㫇㫁㪼㫆㫅㪾㩷㪩㪼㫊㪼㫉㫍㫆㫀㫉 䃂 䃂
㪊㪍 㪞㫐㪼㫆㫅㪾㪺㪿㪼㫆㫅㩷㪩㪼㫊㪼㫉㫍㫆㫀㫉 䃂 䃂
㪊㪎 㪛㪸㪼㪸㩷㪩㪼㫊㪼㫉㫍㫆㫀㫉 䃂 䃂
㪊㪏 㪛㫆㫅㫊㪸㫅㪾㩷㪩㪼㫊㪼㫉㫍㫆㫀㫉 䃂 䃂
㪊㪐 㪡㪸㫅㪾㪿㪸㫅㪾㩷㪚㫆㪸㫊㫋㪸㫃㩷㪘㫉㪼㪸 䃂 䃂
㪋㪇 㪙㫆㫅㪾㫊㪼㫆㫅㩷㪩㪼㫊㪼㫉㫍㫆㫀㫉 䃂 䃂
㪋㪈 㪰㫌㪹㫌㪻㫆 䃂 䃂
㪋㪉 㪞㪼㫌㫄㩷㪩㫀㫍㪼㫉㩷㪜㫊㫋㫌㪸㫉㫐 䃂 䃂
㪋㪊 㪢㪼㫌㫄㩷㪩㫀㫍㪼㫉㩷㪣㪸㫂㪼 䃂 䃂
㪋㪋 㪤㪸㫅㪾㫐㪼㫆㫅㪾㩷㪩㫀㫍㪼㫉 䃂 䃂
㪋㪌 㪦㫂㪾㫌㩷㪩㪼㫊㪼㫉㫍㫆㫀㫉 䃂 䃂
㪋㪍 㪛㫆㫅㪾㫁㫀㫅㩷㪩㫀㫍㪼㫉 䃂 䃂
㪋㪎 㪚㪿㪼㫆㫅㪾㪿㫆㩷㪩㪼㫊㪼㫉㫍㫆㫀㫉 䃂 䃂
㪋㪏 㪡㫆㫉㫐㫌㩷㪩㪼㫊㪼㫉㫍㫆㫀㫉 䃂 䃂
㪋㪐 㪞㫆㫄㫊㫆㩷㪙㪸㫐 䃂 䃂
㪌㪇 㪛㫆㫅㪾㫉㫀㫄㩷㪩㪼㫊㪼㫉㫍㫆㫀㫉 䃂 䃂
㪤㫌㪸㫅㪄㪾㫌㫄㪃㩷㪟㫐㪼㫆㫅㪾㪾㫐㪼㫆㫅㪾㪄㫄㫐㪼㫆㫅㩷㩽
㪌㪈 䃂 䃂
㪬㫅㫅㪸㫄㪄㫄㫐㪼㫆㫅
㪤㫌㪸㫅㪄㪾㫌㫄㪃㩷㪟㪸㪼㫁㪼㪄㫄㫐㪼㫆㫅㩷㩽㩷㪪㪿㫀㫅㪸㫅㪄
㪌㪉 䃂 䃂
㪾㫌㫅㪃㩷㪡㫀㪻㫆㪄㪼㫌㫇
㪌㪊 㪤㫌㪸㫅㩷㪩㪼㫊㪼㫉㫍㫆㫀㫉 䃂 䃂
㪌㪋 㪰㪼㫆㫅㪾㫊㪸㫅㩷㪣㪸㫂㪼 䃂 䃂
㪌㪌 㪰㪼㫆㫅㪾㪸㫄㩷㪣㪸㫂㪼 䃂 䃂

⴫2-1 㖧࿖ߩ᳓㠽ࠨࠗ࠻ߩⅣႺ඙ಽ㧔⇟ภߪ࿑2-1ߦኻᔕߒߡ޿ࠆ㧕
63



↢ᕷ࿾೎඙ಽ ᶏጯ෸䈶ౝ㒽඙ಽ
⇟ภ 䉰䉟䊃ฬ⒓
ᶏጯᴪ
䉻䊛ḓ䊶 ᧲ᶏ䋨ᣣ ⷏ᶏ䋨㤛
ᶏጯ 䈱ḓ䊶ᐓ ᴡᎹ ᴡญ ධᶏ ౝ㒽
⾂᳓ᳰ ᧄᶏ䋩 ᶏ䋩
ᷢ
㪌㪍 㪞㪼㫌㫄㪿㫆㩷㪣㪸㫂㪼 䃂 䃂
㪌㪎 㪞㫆㪺㪿㪼㫆㫅㪸㫄㩷㪣㪸㫂㪼 䃂 䃂
㪌㪏 㪩㪸㫅㪾㪺㪿㫆㩷㪩㪼㫊㪼㫉㫍㫆㫀㫉 䃂 䃂
㪌㪐 㪞㫌㫅㫅㪸㪼㩷㪩㪼㪺㫃㪸㫄㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㪘㫉㪼㪸 䃂 䃂
㪍㪇 㪛㫌㫅㫁㪼㫆㫅㩷㪩㪼㫊㪼㫉㫍㫆㫀㫉 䃂 䃂
㪍㪈 㪞㪸㫅㪾㫁㫀㫅㩷㪙㪸㫐 䃂 䃂
㪍㪉 㪪㪸㫅㪸㪼㩷㪩㪼㪺㫃㪸㫄㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㪘㫉㪼㪸 䃂 䃂
㪍㪊 㪤㪸㫅㪻㪼㫆㫂㩷㪩㪼㪺㫃㪸㫄㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㪘㫉㪼㪸 䃂 䃂
㪍㪋 㪙㫆㫊㪼㫆㫅㪾㩷㪙㪸㫐㩷㩽㩷㪛㪼㫌㫅㪾㫅㫐㪸㫅㪾㩷㪙㪸㫐 䃂 䃂
㪍㪌 㪡㪼㫆㫅㪾㪸㫄㩷㪩㪼㫊㪼㫉㫍㫆㫀㫉 䃂 䃂
㪍㪍 㪛㪸㫅㪾㪻㫌㫉㫀㩷㪩㪼㪺㫃㪸㫄㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㪘㫉㪼㪸 䃂 䃂
㪧㫆㪻㫌㪄㫄㫐㪼㫆㫅㩷㪩㪼㪺㫃㪸㫄㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㪘㫉㪼㪸㩷㩽
㪍㪎 䃂 䃂
㪟㪸㪼㪺㪿㪸㫅㪾㩷㪙㪸㫐
㪍㪏 㪰㪼㫆㫁㪸㩷㪙㪸㫐 䃂 䃂
㪍㪐 㪪㫌㫅㪺㪿㪼㫆㫅㩷㪙㪸㫐 䃂 䃂
㪎㪇 㪞㫎㪸㫅㪾㫐㪸㫅㪾㩷㪙㪸㫐㩷㩽㩷㪞㪸㫃㫊㪸㩷㪙㪸㫐 䃂 䃂
㪎㪈 㪪㪸㪺㪿㪼㫆㫅㩷㪙㪸㫐 䃂 䃂
㪎㪉 㪡㫀㫅㫐㪸㫅㪾㩷㪣㪸㫂㪼 䃂 䃂
㪞㫆㫊㪼㫆㫅㪾㪄㪾㫌㫅㩷㪞㪼㫆㫉㫐㫌㪄㫄㫐㪼㫆㫅㩷㩽
㪎㪊 䃂 䃂
㪛㫆㫅㪾㪿㪸㪼㪄㫄㫐㪼㫆㫅㪒㩷㪛㪸㫅㪾㪻㫆㫅㪾㩷㪙㪸㫐
㪎㪋 㪡㫌㫅㪸㫄㩷㪩㪼㫊㪼㫉㫍㫆㫀㫉 䃂 䃂
㪎㪌 㪪㪸㫅㫅㪸㫄㩷㪩㪼㫊㪼㫉㫍㫆㫀㫉 䃂 䃂
㪎㪍 㪛㫆㫅㪾㫇㪸㫅㩷㪩㪼㫊㪼㫉㫍㫆㫀㫉 䃂 䃂
㪎㪎 㪬㫇㫆 䃂 䃂
㪎㪏 㪤㫆㫂㫇㫆 䃂 䃂
㪎㪐 㪪㪸㫁㫀㫇㫆 䃂 䃂
㪏㪇 㪟㫎㪸㫎㫆㫅 䃂 䃂
㪏㪈 㪞㪼㫌㫄㪿㫆㩷㪩㫀㫍㪼㫉 䃂 䃂
㪏㪉 㪘㫅㪻㫆㫅㪾㩷㪣㪸㫂㪼 䃂 䃂
㪏㪊 㪠㫄㪿㪸㩷㪣㪸㫂㪼 䃂 䃂
㪞㫌㫄㫀㪃㩷㪟㪸㪼㫇㫐㪼㫆㫅㪾㪒㩷㪛㫆㪿㪼㫌㫅㪾㫉㫀㪄㪠㫃㫊㪼㫆㫅
㪏㪋 䃂 䃂
㪙㫉㫀㪻㪾㪼
㪟㫐㪼㫆㫅㪾㫊㪸㫅㩷㪩㫀㫍㪼㫉㪒㩷㪟㫐㪼㫆㫅㪾㫊㪸㫅㩷㪙㫉㫀㪻㪾㪼㪄
㪏㪌 䃂 䃂
㪈㫊㫋㩷㪞㪸㫅㪾㪻㫆㫅㪾㩷㪙㫉㫀㪻㪾㪼
㪏㪍 㪘㫅㪾㫐㪼㩷㪩㪼㫊㪼㫉㫍㫆㫀㫉 䃂 䃂
㪥㪸㫂㪻㫆㫅㪾㩷㪩㫀㫍㪼㫉㩷㪜㫊㫋㫌㪸㫉㫐㪒㩷㪟㪸㪾㫌㪻㫌㫂㪄
㪏㪎 㪛㪸㪼㫁㪼㫆㫊㫌㫄㫌㫅㪃㩷㪮㪼㫊㫋㩷㪥㪸㫂㪻㫆㫅㪾㩷㪩㫀㫍㪼㫉㩷㩽 䃂 䃂
㪤㪸㪼㫂㪻㫆㩷㪩㫀㫍㪼㫉
㪏㪏 㪥㪸㫂㪻㫆㫅㪾㩷㪩㫀㫍㪼㫉㩷㪜㫊㫋㫌㪸㫉㫐 䃂 䃂
㪏㪐 㪙㫌㫊㪸㫅㪄㪬㫃㫊㪸㫅㩷㪚㫆㪸㫊㫋㪸㫃㩷㪘㫉㪼㪸 䃂 䃂
㪐㪇 㪦㫉㫐㫌㫅㪻㪸㪼㩷㫆㫉㩷㪟㫆㪼㪻㫆㫅㪾㩷㪩㪼㫊㪼㫉㫍㫆㫀㫉 䃂 䃂
㪐㪈 㪟㫆㪼㫐㪸㩷㪣㪸㫂㪼 䃂 䃂
㪐㪉 㪬㫃㫊㪸㫅㪄㪞㫌㫉㫐㫆㫅㪾㫇㫆㩷㪚㫆㪸㫊㫋㪸㫃㩷㪘㫉㪼㪸 䃂 䃂
㪐㪊 㪬㫃㫊㪸㫅㩷㪙㪸㫐 䃂 䃂
㪫㪸㪼㪿㫎㪸㩷㪩㫀㫍㪼㫉㩷㪜㫊㫋㫌㪸㫉㫐㪒㩷㪪㪸㫄㪿㫆㩷㪙㫉㫀㪻㪾㪼㪄
㪐㪋 䃂 䃂
㪪㫌㫁㫌㫅㪾㩷㪛㪸㫄
㪐㪌 㪛㪼㫆㫂㪻㫆㫅㪾㩷㪣㪸㫂㪼 䃂 䃂
㪐㪍 㪙㫆㫄㫌㫅㩷㪣㪸㫂㪼 䃂 䃂
㪐㪎 㪰㪼㫆㫅㪾㪻㪼㫆㫂㪄㪧㫆㪿㪸㫅㪾㩷㪚㫆㪸㫊㫋㪸㫃㩷㪘㫉㪼㪸 䃂 䃂
㪐㪏 㪧㫐㪼㫆㫅㪾㪿㪸㪼㪄㪰㪼㫆㫅㪾㪻㪼㫆㫂㩷㪚㫆㪸㫊㫋㪸㫃㩷㪘㫉㪼㪸 䃂 䃂
㪐㪐 㪧㫐㪼㫆㫅㪾㪿㪸㪼㪄㪬㫃㫁㫀㫅㩷㪚㫆㪸㫊㫋㪸㫃㩷㪘㫉㪼㪸 䃂 䃂
㪈㪇㪇 㪬㫃㫁㫀㫅㪄㪮㫆㫅㪻㪼㫆㫂㩷㪚㫆㪸㫊㫋㪸㫃㩷㪘㫉㪼㪸 䃂 䃂
㪈㪇㪈 㪮㫆㫅㪻㪼㫆㫂㪄㪪㪸㫄㪺㪿㪼㫆㫂㩷㪚㫆㪸㫊㫋㪸㫃㩷㪘㫉㪼㪸 䃂 䃂
㪈㪇㪉 㪪㪸㫄㪺㪿㪼㫆㫂㪄㪞㪸㫅㪾㫅㪼㫌㫅㪾㩷㪚㫆㪸㫊㫋㪸㫃㩷㪘㫉㪼㪸 䃂 䃂
㪈㪇㪊 㪞㫐㪼㫆㫅㪾㫇㫆㩷㪣㪸㫂㪼 䃂 䃂
㪈㪇㪋 㪞㪸㫅㪾㫅㪼㫌㫅㪾㪄㪡㫌㫄㫌㫅㫁㫀㫅㩷㪚㫆㪸㫊㫋㪸㫃㩷㪘㫉㪼㪸 䃂 䃂
㪈㪇㪌 㪡㫌㫄㫌㫅㫁㫀㫅㪄㪰㪸㫅㪾㫐㪸㫅㪾㩷㪚㫆㪸㫊㫋㪸㫃㩷㪘㫉㪼㪸 䃂 䃂
㪈㪇㪍 㪰㪸㫅㪾㫐㪸㫅㪾㪄㪪㫆㫂㪺㪿㫆㩷㪚㫆㪸㫊㫋㪸㫃㩷㪘㫉㪼㪸 䃂 䃂
㪈㪇㪎 㪪㫆㫂㪺㪿㫆㪄㪞㪸㫅㫊㪼㫆㫅㪾㩷㪚㫆㪸㫊㫋㪸㫃㩷㪘㫉㪼㪸 䃂 䃂
㪈㪇㪏 㪚㪿㪼㫆㫅㪾㪺㪿㫆㩷㪣㪸㫂㪼 䃂 䃂
㪈㪇㪐 㪰㪼㫆㫅㪾㫉㪸㫅㪾㩷㪣㪸㫂㪼 䃂 䃂
㪈㪈㪇 㪪㫆㫅㪾㫁㫀㩷㪣㪸㫂㪼 䃂 䃂
㪈㪈㪈 㪟㫎㪸㫅㫁㫀㫅㫇㫆㩷㪣㪸㫂㪼 䃂 䃂
㪈㪈㪉 㪞㪸㫅㫊㪼㫆㫅㪾㪄㪛㪸㪼㫁㫀㫅㩷㪚㫆㪸㫊㫋㪸㫃㩷㪘㫉㪼㪸 䃂 䃂
㪈㪈㪊 㪪㪼㫆㫅㪾㫊㪸㫅㪄㪥㪸㫄㫎㫆㫅㩷㪚㫆㪸㫊㫋㪸㫃㩷㪘㫉㪼㪸 䃂 䃂
㪈㪈㪋 㪪㪼㫆㫅㪾㫊㪸㫅 䃂 䃂
㪈㪈㪌 㪪㪼㫆㪾㫎㫀㪄㪘㫅㪻㪼㫆㫂㩷㪚㫆㪸㫊㫋㪸㫃㩷㪘㫉㪼㪸 䃂 䃂
㪈㪈㪍 㪡㪼㫁㫌㪄㫊㫀㩷㩽㩷㪛㪸㪼㫁㪼㫆㫅㪾㩷㪚㫆㪸㫊㫋㪸㫃㩷㪘㫉㪼㪸 䃂 䃂
㪈㪈㪎 㪟㪸㪻㫆㫉㫀 䃂 䃂
㪈㪈㪏 㪟㪸㫅㪻㪼㫆㫂㪄㪟㪸㪻㫆㩷㪚㫆㪸㫊㫋㪸㫃㩷㪘㫉㪼㪸 䃂 䃂

⴫2-1 㖧࿖ߩ᳓㠽ࠨࠗ࠻ߩⅣႺ඙ಽ㧔ߟߠ߈㧕
64



㧔㧞㧕୘૕ᢙᄌൻߩേะ

Ԙࠟࡦࠞࡕ㘃ߩ⺞ᩏ⸥㍳

 1999ᐕ߆ࠄ2004ᐕ߹ߢߩ5ᐕ㑆ߦ߅ߌࠆ㖧࿖ߩ᳓㠽⺞ᩏߩ✚୘૕ᢙࠍ⴫2-2ߦ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߩ✚୘૕ᢙࠍ⴫2-3ߦ
␜ߔ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߩ࠺࡯࠲ߪ‫ޔ‬หᤨᦼߦⴕࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆࠟࡦࠞࡕ㘃ߩ↢ᕷ⺞ᩏߩ✚୘૕ᢙ⸥㍳ࠍ↪޿ߡᲧセࠍⴕߞ
ߚ‫ޕ‬

⺞ᩏᐕ㩷 㪈㪐㪐㪐ᐕ㩷 㪉㪇㪇㪇ᐕ㩷 㪉㪇㪇㪈ᐕ㩷 㪉㪇㪇㪉ᐕ㩷 㪉㪇㪇㪊ᐕ㩷 㪉㪇㪇㪋ᐕ㩷

䉰䉟䊃ᢙ㩷 㪍㪐㩷 㪈㪇㪇㩷 㪈㪈㪋㩷 㪈㪈㪏㩷 㪈㪈㪏㩷 㪈㪈㪏㩷
䉮䊑䊊䉪䉼䊢䉡㩷 㩷㩷 㩷㩷 㩷㩷 㪉㪐㩷㩷 㩷 㩷㩷
䉥䉥䊊䉪䉼䊢䉡㩷 㪈㪐㪉㪎㩷 㪉㪋㪇㪈㩷 㪊㪉㪋㪏㩷 㪉㪐㪎㪎㩷 㪋㪇㪍㪐㩷 㪋㪏㪍㪎㩷
䉮䊊䉪䉼䊢䉡㩷 㪎㪐㪉㩷 㪊㪐㪎㩷 㪊㪇㪈㩷 㪉㪈㪐㩷 㪉㪉㪇㩷 㪌㪍㩷
䉮䉪䉧䊮㩷 㪈㪉㩷㩷 㩷 㪊㪐㪊㩷㩷 㩷 㪈㪉㩷 㪏㪎㩷
䊊䉟䉟䊨䉧䊮㩷 㩷㩷 㩷㩷 㪈㩷㩷 㩷 㩷㩷 㩷㩷
䊙䉧䊮㩷 㪍㪈㪇㪏㪎㩷 㪈㪐㪊㪉㪉㩷 㪈㪐㪊㪈㪏㩷 㪊㪇㪋㪉㪏㩷 㪊㪊㪌㪏㪊㩷 㪌㪈㪊㪋㪈㩷
䉦䊥䉧䊈㩷 㩷㩷 㩷㩷 㩷㩷 㩷㩷 㩷㩷 㪉㩷
䊍䉲䉪䉟㩷 㪊㪋㪊㪐㪐㩷 㪊㪊㪇㪊㪊㩷 㪈㪐㪈㪋㪋㩷 㪊㪈㪏㪉㪍㩷 㪊㪇㪏㪉㪏㩷 㪊㪎㪐㪐㪍㩷
䊊䉪䉧䊮㩷 㪋㩷 㪉㩷 㪈㩷 㪉㩷 㪌㩷 㪉㩷
䉰䉦䉿䊤䉧䊮㩷 㪉㪌㪋㪌㩷 㪊㩷 㪈㪊㩷 㪈㪈㩷 㪊㩷 㪊㪍㩷
䉿䉪䉲䉧䊝㩷 㪈㪐㪇㪈㪇㩷 㪋㪋㪊㪐㪍㩷 㪋㪋㪎㪈㪇㩷 㪈㪐㪌㪍㪌㩷 㪉㪊㪇㪉㪌㩷 㪊㪇㪐㪏㪍㩷
䉥䉲䊄䊥㩷 㪏㪐㩷 㪈㪉㪊㪈㩷 㪈㪎㪏㪉㩷 㪈㪎㪌㪋㩷 㪉㪉㪏㪏㩷 㪈㪈㪇㪊㩷
䊙䉧䊝㩷 㪊㪈㪌㪎㪏㪎㩷 㪋㪈㪐㪊㪐㪉㩷 㪉㪍㪊㪐㪈㪏㩷 㪉㪌㪌㪋㪉㪈㩷 㪉㪌㪇㪇㪋㪏㩷 㪉㪋㪇㪎㪎㪈㩷
䉦䊦䉧䊝㩷 㪐㪉㪉㪋㪍㩷 㪈㪋㪌㪏㪈㪉㩷 㪐㪊㪊㪉㪋㩷 㪍㪉㪇㪌㪈㩷 㪌㪋㪏㪌㪋㩷 㪍㪎㪏㪇㪍㩷
䉮䉧䊝㩷 㪉㪏㪍㪈㪍㩷 㪈㪏㪎㪐㪉㩷 㪈㪍㪏㪋㪐㩷 㪈㪍㪋㪊㪏㩷 㪈㪊㪏㪍㪇㩷 㪈㪏㪇㪎㪍㩷
䊃䊝䉣䉧䊝㩷 㪉㪈㪊㪇㪏㪇㩷 㪉㪈㪈㪋㪍㪌㩷 㪈㪏㪌㪏㪊㪏㩷 㪉㪏㪎㪉㪉㪇㩷 㪊㪇㪊㪈㪍㪌㩷 㪋㪌㪌㪈㪍㪏㩷
䊣䉲䉧䊝㩷 㪈㪎㪎㪌㩷 㪈㪊㪏㪉㩷 㪉㪇㪊㪉㩷 㪈㪐㪍㪌㩷 㪈㪉㪍㪇㩷 㪈㪎㪏㪍㩷
䊍䊄䊥䉧䊝㩷 㪉㪇㪈㪈㪏㩷 㪎㪈㪐㪐㩷 㪎㪉㪈㪈㩷 㪌㪌㪌㪌㩷 㪌㪐㪇㪍㩷 㪍㪏㪈㪊㩷
䉝䊜䊥䉦䊍䊄䊥㩷 㩷㩷 㪌㩷 㪈㪊㩷㩷 㩷 㩷㩷 㪈㪉㪊㩷
䉥䊅䉧䉧䊝㩷 㪉㪉㪉㪐㪇㩷 㪉㪋㪍㪉㪊㩷 㪉㪌㪏㪌㪏㩷 㪉㪉㪏㪈㪋㩷 㪉㪇㪈㪍㪎㩷 㪈㪏㪊㪋㪏㩷
䊊䉲䊎䊨䉧䊝㩷 㪉㪍㪎㪐㩷 㪉㪍㪏㪈㩷 㪊㪇㪊㪏㩷 㪉㪉㪈㪋㩷 㪊㪎㪋㪐㩷 㪊㪌㪇㪇㩷
䊖䉲䊊䉳䊨㩷 㪈㪐㪋㪐㪇㩷 㪍㪇㪌㪏㪋㩷 㪊㪊㪇㪈㪇㩷 㪉㪌㪌㪐㪈㩷 㪉㪌㪏㪋㪇㩷 㪉㪋㪋㪋㪐㩷
䉨䊮䉪䊨䊊䉳䊨㩷 㪋㪇㪏㪐㩷 㪌㪇㪏㪐㩷 㪌㪊㪈㪊㩷 㪉㪍㪊㪐㩷 㪌㪏㪌㪋㩷 㪎㪍㪎㪎㩷
䉴䉵䉧䊝㩷 㪊㪌㪋㪏㩷 㪏㪈㪌㪌㩷 㪐㪍㪋㪎㩷 㪏㪇㪈㪊㩷 㪈㪉㪏㪍㪎㩷 㪋㪍㪐㪐㩷
䉪䊨䉧䊝㩷 㩷㩷 㪋㪈㩷 㪉㪉㪌㩷 㪊㪇㩷 㪈㪐㪍㩷 㪈㪉㪊㩷
䊎䊨䊷䊄䉨䊮䉪䊨㩷 㪋㩷 㪈㪊㪌㩷 㪈㪍㪎㪏㩷 㪈㪇㪍㪇㩷 㪈㪊㪐㩷 㪉㪋㪉㩷
䊖䉥䉳䊨䉧䊝㩷 㪉㪊㪇㪌㩷 㪈㪋㪍㪍㩷 㪉㪇㪐㪉㩷 㪋㪊㪉㪊㩷 㪊㪐㪎㪈㩷 㪊㪌㪈㪐㩷
䊚䉮䉝䉟䉰㩷 㪍㪋㪎㩷 㪎㪉㪉㩷 㪏㪏㪍㩷 㪈㪇㪎㪈㩷 㪋㪏㪎㩷 㪍㪊㪈㩷
䉡䊚䉝䉟䉰㩷 㪉㪋㪈㩷 㪌㪊㪍㩷 㪈㪏㪊㪈㩷 㪈㪌㪏㪎㩷 㪈㪎㪏㪏㩷 㪎㪇㪐㩷
䉦䊪䉝䉟䉰㩷 㪏㪐㪇㪉㩷 㪌㪈㪌㪎㩷 㪌㪌㪇㪇㩷 㪌㪎㪌㪌㩷 㪏㪇㪇㪎㩷 㪌㪎㪈㪏㩷
䉦䉟䉿䊑䊥㩷 㪈㪇㪎㪍㩷 㪈㪍㪈㪊㩷 㪈㪇㪊㪐㩷 㪏㪈㪇㩷 㪍㪐㪏㩷 㪏㪋㪏㩷
䊚䊚䉦䉟䉿䊑䊥㩷 㪊㩷 㪉㪐㩷 㪍㪍㩷 㪊㪏㩷 㪊㪊㩷 㪉㪈㪏㩷
䊊䉳䊨䉦䉟䉿䊑䊥㩷 㪈㪐㪍㩷 㪈㪊㪇㪈㩷 㪉㪈㪎㪍㩷 㪏㪏㪈㩷 㪏㪉㪏㩷 㪉㪊㪌㪏㩷
䉝䉦䉣䊥䉦䉟䉿䊑䊥㩷 㪈㩷 㪈㩷 㪌㪉㩷 㪍㩷 㪌㪌㩷 㪋㪇㩷
䉦䊮䊛䊥䉦䉟䉿䊑䊥㩷 㪈㪍㪉㪊㩷 㪈㪉㪐㪌㩷 㪉㪋㪌㪍㩷 㪉㪈㪋㪎㩷 㪈㪉㪇㪇㩷 㪉㪉㪋㪐㩷
䉥䉥䊋䊮㩷 㪉㪇㪋㪇㩷 㪉㪊㪇㪎㩷 㪈㪍㪉㪍㩷 㪊㪈㪎㪐㩷 㪋㪇㪉㪊㩷 㪌㪊㪋㪈㩷

⴫2-2 㖧࿖ߩ᳓㠽৻ᢧ⺞ᩏߩ⚿ᨐ㧔ࠟࡦࠞࡕ㘃㧕

65



⺞ᩏᐕ ᐕ ᐕ ᐕ ᐕ ᐕ ᐕ

ࠨࠗ࠻ᢙ      
ࠦࡉࡂࠢ࠴࡚࠙      
ࠝࠝࡂࠢ࠴࡚࠙      
ࠦࡂࠢ࠴࡚࠙      
ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞࠦࡂࠢ࠴࡚࠙      
ࠪࠫࡘ࠙ࠞ࡜ࠟࡦ      
ࠦࠢࠟࡦ      
ࡂࠗࠗࡠࠟࡦ      
ࡑࠟࡦ      
ࠞ࡝ࠟࡀ      
ࡅࠪࠢࠗ      
ࡂࠢࠟࡦ      
ࠨࠞ࠷࡜ࠟࡦ      
࠷ࠢࠪࠟࡕ      
ࠝࠪ࠼࡝      
ࡑࠟࡕ      
ࠞ࡞ࠟࡕ      
ࠦࠟࡕ      
࠻ࡕࠛࠟࡕ      
࡛ࠪࠟࡕ      
࡛ࠝࠞࠪࠟࡕ      
ࡅ࠼࡝ࠟࡕ      
ࠝ࠽ࠟࠟࡕ      
ࡂࠪࡆࡠࠟࡕ      
ࡎࠪࡂࠫࡠ      
ࠠࡦࠢࡠࡂࠫࡠ      
ࠬ࠭ࠟࡕ      
ࠢࡠࠟࡕ      
ࡆࡠ࡯࠼ࠠࡦࠢࡠ      
ࠪࡁ࡝ࠟࡕ      
ࠦࠝ࡝ࠟࡕ      
ࡎࠝࠫࡠࠟࡕ      
ࡒࠦࠕࠗࠨ      
࠙ࡒࠕࠗࠨ      
ࠞࡢࠕࠗࠨ      
࡝ࡘ࠙ࠠࡘ࠙ࠟࡕ      
ࠕࠞ࠷ࠢࠪࠟࡕ      
ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞࡅ࠼࡝      
ࠪࡑࠕࠫ      
ࠕࠞࡂࠪࡂࠫࡠ      
ࠝࠝࡎࠪࡂࠫࡠ      
ࡔࠫࡠࠟࡕ      
ࠕࠞࡂࠫࡠ      
ࠤࡢ࠲ࠟࡕ      
ࠦࠤࡢ࠲ࠟࡕ      
ࠕ࡜࠽ࡒࠠࡦࠢࡠ      
ࡅࡔࡂࠫࡠ      
ࠢࡆࡢࠠࡦࠢࡠ      
ࠦ࠙࡜ࠗࠕࠗࠨ      

⴫2-3 ᣣᧄߩࠟࡦࠞࡕ㘃ߩ↢ᕷ⺞ᩏߩ⚿ᨐ
   㧔ࠞࠗ࠷ࡉ࡝㘃࡮ࡃࡦ㘃ߪ⺞ᩏኻ⽎ᄖߩߚ߼⸥㍳ߥߒ㧕

66



ԙਥⷐߥࠟࡦࠞࡕ㘃ߩ⚻ᐕᄌൻ

ᣣ㖧ߢ⸥㍳ߐࠇߚࠟࡦ㘃ߦߟ޿ߡࠣ࡜ࡈࠍ૞ᚑߒ‫⚻ޔ‬ᐕᄌൻߩᲧセࠍⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬

䉥䉥䊊䉪䉼䊢䉡䋨ᣣᧄ䋩 䉥䉥䊊䉪䉼䊢䉡䋨㖧࿖䋩
35000 6000

30000 5000
25000
4000
20000
3000
15000
2000
10000

5000 1000

0 0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

࿑2-2 ࿑2-3

 ᣣᧄߩࠝࠝࡂࠢ࠴࡚࠙ߪ㐳ᦼ⊛ߦჇട௑ะߦ޽ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬1999ᐕ߆ࠄᢙᐕ㑆ߪ৻ᤨ⊛ߦᢙ߇ዋߥ߆ߞߚᤨᦼ
ߦ޽ߚࠆ㧔ⅣႺ⋭ࠟࡦࠞࡕ㘃ߩ↢ᕷ⺞ᩏ㧕‫ޕ‬㖧࿖ߢߪ、ߎߩᦼ㑆‫ߩ࡚࠙࠴ࠢࡂࠝࠝޔ‬増加௑ะ߇⷗られる。


䉮䊊䉪䉼䊢䉡䋨ᣣᧄ䋩 䉮䊊䉪䉼䊢䉡䋨㖧࿖䋩
50000 900
45000 800
40000 700
35000 600
30000
500
25000
400
20000
300
15000
10000 200
5000 100
0 0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

࿑2-4 ࿑2-5

 ᄢ㒽ߩࠦࡂࠢ࠴࡚࠙ߪ㖧࿖ࠃࠅ߽ߐࠄߦධᣇߢᄙߊ߇⿧౻ߒߡ߅ࠅ㧔P8࿑1-1112ෳᾖ㧕‫ޔ‬㖧࿖ߢߩ⿧
౻ᢙߪዋߥ޿‫ࠨࠛߩ࡚࠙࠴ࠢࡂࠦޕ‬႐ߦߥࠆ᳓↰߇᜛ᄢߒߡ޿ࠆ߇㧔╙3࿁ᬌ⸛ળߦ಴Ꮸߒߚ㖧࿖ⅣႺ⋭࿖
┙↢‛⾗Ḯ⎇ⓥᚲߩࠠࡓࠫࡦࡂࡦ᳁߆ࠄߩᖱႎ㧕‫߇ࠇߘޔ‬୘૕ᢙߩჇടߦߪ⚿߮ߟ޿ߡ޿ߥ޿ࠃ߁ߛ‫ޕ‬

䊙䉧䊮䋨ᣣᧄ䋩 䊙䉧䊮䋨㖧࿖䋩
120000 70000

100000 60000

50000
80000
40000
60000
30000
40000
20000
20000 10000

0 0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

࿑2-6 ࿑2-7

 ᣣᧄߩࡑࠟࡦߩ୘૕ᢙߪ1990ᐕઍએ㒠ߦ⪺ߒ޿Ⴧടࠍ⷗ߖߡ߅ࠅ㧔ⅣႺ⋭ࠟࡦࠞࡕ㘃ߩ↢ᕷ⺞ᩏ㧕‫ޔ‬
1999-2004ᐕߢ߽ߘߩ௑ะ߇޽ࠆ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ‫ޔ‬㖧࿖ߩ୘૕ᢙࠣ࡜ࡈߢߪ৻ᐲᷫዋߒߡ߆ࠄჇടߔࠆࠃ߁ߦ⺒ߺข
ࠇࠆ߇‫ޔ‬㖧࿖߇AWCߦ಴ߒߡ޿ࠆ2007ᐕ߹ߢߩ࠺࡯࠲߽⠨ᘦߒߡ⠨߃ࠆߣ‫ޔ‬㖧࿖ߢ߽ࡑࠟࡦߪ৻ቯߒߚჇ
67



ട௑ะߦ޽ࠆߎߣ߇┍߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬

䊍䉲䉪䉟䋨ᣣᧄ䋩 䊍䉲䉪䉟䋨㖧࿖䋩
16000 40000
14000 35000
12000 30000
10000 25000
8000 20000
6000 15000
4000 10000
2000 5000
0 0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

࿑2-8 ࿑2-9

 ᣣᧄ߳ᷰ᧪ߔࠆࡅࠪࠢࠗߩᄙߊߪࡠࠪࠕᭂ᧲ߩ᧲ㇱ࿾ၞ㧔ࠞࡓ࠴ࡖ࠷ࠞ╬㧕߆ࠄᷰߞߡߊࠆߎߣ߇ಽ
߆ߞߡ޿ࠆ߇㧔๓࿾1993㧕‫ޔ‬ባ㆏ḓߢ⿧౻ߒߡ޿ࠆࡅࠪࠢࠗߪߘࠇߣߪ೎ߩ⷏ߩᣇⷺ߆ࠄᷰߞߡߊࠆߣ⠨
߃ࠄࠇߡ߅ࠅ‫ߪࠇߎޔ‬㖧࿖ߩࡅࠪࠢࠗߣ౒ㅢߒߚ୘૕⟲ߢ޽ࠆน⢻ᕈ߽޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ਔ࿖ߣ߽ߦ2001ᐕߦ୘૕ᢙ
߇ਅ߇ߞߡ޿ࠆ߇‫ߩߎޔ‬ᐕߦߪ᧲⷏ਔᣇߩࡅࠪࠢࠗ୘૕⟲ߦᓇ㗀ߔࠆࠃ߁ߥ಴᧪੐߇޽ߞߚน⢻ᕈ߇ផ᷹

䉮䉪䉧䊮䋨ᣣᧄ䋩 䉮䉪䉧䊮䋨㖧࿖䋩
800 450

700 400
350
600
300
500
250
400
200
300 150
200 100
100 50
0 0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

࿑2-10 ࿑2-11

 ᶏ਄ߦ↢ᕷߔࠆࠦࠢࠟࡦߪⷰኤ߇㔍ߒ޿ߚ߼ㆊዊ⹏ଔߦߥࠅ߿ߔ޿‫࠻ࠗࠨࠣࡦ࡝࠲࠾ࡕޕ‬1000ߩࠟࡦࠞ
ࡕ⺞ᩏߢߪ2007ᐕએ㒠ߦ‫ޔ‬ᷰࠅᤨᦼ߽฽߼ࠆߣᢙජ⠀ߩࠦࠢࠟࡦ߇⸥㍳ߐࠇࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬਄⸥ߩ
ࠣ࡜ࡈߦ಴ߡ޿ࠆᢙ୯ߪ޿ߕࠇ߽ᱜߒ޿ࠦࠢࠟࡦߩ୘૕ᢙࠍ෻ᤋߒߡߪ޿ߥ޿ߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬

68

③シギ・チドリ類の調査記録

1999年から2004年までの5年間における韓国の水鳥調査の総個体数を表2-­4に、日本の総個体数を表2-­5に
示す。 日本の総個体数としては、シギ・チドリ類個体数変動モニタリング（1999-­2003 環境省）とモニ
タリングサイト1000（2004-­ 環境省）の総個体数記録を用いて比較を行っている。

調査年 1999年 2000年 2001年 2002年 2003年 2004年

サイト数 69 100 114 118 118 118
タマシギ 13 1 1
ミヤコドリ 3984 526 2516 3556 5504 2272
コチドリ 4 20 21 19 11 16
イカルチドリ 8 17 12 10 4
シロチドリ 308 648 1052 156 202 489
メダイチドリ 15 2 5
ムナグロ 5 1
ダイゼン 1854 4680 1758 1569 1702 2319
タゲリ 112 171 83 113 72 159
キョウジョシギ 17 1
ハマシギ 5092 11664 6648 5619 15515 5847
オバシギ 4
ミユビシギ 130 42 797 1 1162 408
キリアイ 8 56
ツルシギ 1
アオアシシギ 30 5 2 2 1
クサシギ 8 29 7 1 4 18
タカブシギ 2 22 1
イソシギ 53 65 62 11 26 35
ソリハシシギ 50 1 68 15
オグロシギ 265
オオソリハシシギ 1 31 2 8
ホウロクシギ 31 337 31 9 306 6
チュウシャクシギ 1 42 3 31
タシギ 6 4 10 3
セイタカシギ 5
ツクシガモ 19010 44396 44710 19565 23025 30986
アオシギ 1
クロツラヘラサギ 14 21 22 25 25 23
ヘラサギ 22 14 32 26 24 146

表2-­4 韓国の水鳥一斉調査の結果（シギ・チドリ類）


⺞ᩏᐕ㩷 㪈㪐㪐㪐ᐕ㩷 㪉㪇㪇㪇ᐕ㩷 㪉㪇㪇㪈ᐕ㩷 㪉㪇㪇㪉ᐕ㩷 㪉㪇㪇㪊ᐕ㩷 㪉㪇㪇㪋ᐕ㩷

䉰䉟䊃ᢙ㩷 㪐㪇㩷 㪐㪎㩷 㪐㪇㩷 㪐㪏㩷 㪏㪎㩷 㪏㪎㩷
䉺䊙䉲䉩㩷 㪊㩷 㪈㩷 㪈㩷 㪉㩷 㪋㩷 㪊㩷
䊚䊟䉮䊄䊥㩷 㪎㪉㩷 㪏㪎㩷 㪏㪍㩷 㪈㪈㪎㩷 㪈㪇㪊㩷 㪈㪌㪇㩷
䉮䉼䊄䊥㩷 㪏㪐㩷 㪌㪈㩷 㪍㪌㩷 㪋㪋㩷 㪌㪈㩷 㪉㪏㩷
䉲䊨䉼䊄䊥㩷 㪍㪇㪉㪇㩷 㪍㪇㪈㪏㩷 㪋㪐㪏㪊㩷 㪌㪋㪌㪉㩷 㪌㪊㪌㪌㩷 㪏㪈㪏㪊㩷
䊜䉻䉟䉼䊄䊥㩷 㪌㪉㪍㩷 㪐㪍㪏㩷 㪋㪋㪋㩷 㪍㪍㪋㩷 㪈㪇㪎㪏㩷 㪈㪇㪊㪎㩷
䊛䊅䉫䊨㩷 㪈㪉㪐㪉㩷 㪈㪐㪈㪌㩷 㪉㪍㪐㩷 㪈㪍㪊㪌㩷 㪈㪍㪊㪋㩷 㪈㪌㪎㪈㩷
䉻䉟䉷䊮㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷
䉺䉭䊥㩷 㪌㪌㪍㩷 㪎㪊㪇㩷 㪌㪊㪊㩷 㪏㪌㪉㩷 㪌㪌㪈㩷 㪎㪍㪉㩷
䉨䊢䉡䉳䊢䉲䉩㩷 㪉㪍㩷 㪊㪍㪈㩷 㪉㪈㪉㩷 㪊㪈㪐㩷 㪉㪍㪏㩷 㪉㪍㪌㩷
䊊䊙䉲䉩㩷 㪊㪋㪈㪉㪇㩷 㪊㪉㪊㪌㪏㩷 㪉㪎㪈㪊㪍㩷 㪊㪋㪎㪎㪉㩷 㪉㪋㪈㪇㪉㩷 㪊㪉㪏㪊㪐㩷
䉥䊋䉲䉩㩷 㩷㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㪈㩷
䊚䊡䊎䉲䉩㩷 㪈㪈㪎㪉㩷 㪏㪐㪈㩷 㪏㪎㪇㩷 㪈㪋㪏㪈㩷 㪈㪉㪌㪌㩷 㪉㪊㪐㪌㩷
䉨䊥䉝䉟㩷 㩷㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㪈㩷
䉿䊦䉲䉩㩷 㪋㩷 㪈㩷 㪉㩷 㪉㩷 㪎㩷 㪍㩷
䉝䉥䉝䉲䉲䉩㩷 㪈㪉㪏㩷 㪉㪈㪋㩷 㪈㪍㪇㩷 㪉㪏㪎㩷 㪉㪇㪇㩷 㪉㪌㪇㩷
䉪䉰䉲䉩㩷 㪈㪏㩷 㪈㪏㩷 㪉㪈㩷 㪊㪈㩷 㪉㪋㩷 㪈㪏㩷
䉺䉦䊑䉲䉩㩷 㪐㩷 㪈㪌㩷 㪊㪉㩷 㪉㪊㩷 㪉㪌㩷 㪈㪋㩷
䉟䉸䉲䉩㩷 㪈㪋㪉㩷 㪈㪏㪇㩷 㪈㪌㪋㩷 㪈㪐㪉㩷 㪈㪍㪊㩷 㪈㪏㪍㩷
䉸䊥䊊䉲䉲䉩㩷 㪉㩷 㪈㪉㩷 㪈㪌㩷㩷 㩷 㪎㪇㩷㩷 㩷
䉥䉫䊨䉲䉩㩷 㪉㩷 㪈㩷 㪈㩷 㪈㩷 㪉㩷 㪈㩷
䉥䉥䉸䊥䊊䉲䉲䉩㩷 㪎㩷 㪈㪇㩷 㪌㩷 㪋㩷 㪏㩷 㪌㩷
䊖䉡䊨䉪䉲䉩㩷 㪍㩷 㪋㩷㩷 㩷 㪏㩷 㪋㩷 㪉㩷
䉼䊠䉡䉲䊞䉪䉲䉩㩷 㪌㪍㩷 㪋㪐㩷 㪉㪐㩷 㪉㪊㩷 㪉㪈㩷 㪋㪐㩷
䉺䉲䉩㩷 㪈㪋㪌㩷 㪉㪍㪎㩷 㪊㪈㪏㩷 㪊㪎㪐㩷 㪉㪐㪌㩷 㪋㪍㪈㩷
䉶䉟䉺䉦䉲䉩㩷 㪉㪇㪇㩷 㪈㪍㪊㩷 㪈㪋㪊㩷 㪌㪏㩷 㪈㪇㪐㩷 㪈㪌㪊㩷
䉿䉪䉲䉧䊝㩷 㩷㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㪎㪐㪇㩷
䉪䊨䉿䊤䊓䊤䉰䉩㩷 㩷㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㪈㪉㩷

⴫2-5 ᣣᧄߩࠪࠡ࡮࠴࠼࡝㘃୘૕ᢙᄌേࡕ࠾࠲࡝ࡦࠣߣࡕ࠾࠲࡝ࡦࠣࠨࠗ࠻1000ߩ⚿ᨐ
    㧔⿧౻ᦼߩฦࠨࠗ࠻ߩᦨᄢ୘૕ᢙߩ✚๺㧕

70



ԛਥⷐߥࠪࠡ࡮࠴࠼࡝㘃ߩ⚻ᐕᄌൻ

 ᣣ㖧ߢ⸥㍳ߐࠇߚࠪࠡ࡮࠴࠼࡝㘃ߩ߁ߜ‫ޔ‬ਔ࿖߹ߚߪ޿ߕࠇ߆ߩ࿖ߦ߅޿ߡ⿧౻୘૕ᢙߩᄙ޿⒳ߦߟ޿
ߡࠣ࡜ࡈࠍ૞ᚑߒߡ⚻ᐕᄌൻߩᲧセࠍⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬

䊚䊟䉮䊄䊥䋨ᣣᧄ䋩 䊚䊟䉮䊄䊥䋨㖧࿖䋩
160 6000
140
5000
120
4000
100
80 3000
60
2000
40
1000
20
0 0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

࿑2-12 ࿑2-13

 ᣣᧄߢߩ⿧౻ᢙߪ߽ߣ߽ߣዋߥ޿߇‫࠻ࠗࠨࠣࡦ࡝࠲࠾ࡕޔ‬1000ߩ⸥㍳ߢߪ‫᧲ޔ‬੩ḧߢᦨㄭჇട௑ะߦ޽
ࠆ‫ޕ‬㖧࿖ߩ⿧౻ᢙߪᄙ޿߇‫⸥ޔ‬㍳୘૕ᢙߩᄌേ߽ᄢ߈ߊ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߩ⿧౻ᢙߣߩ㑐ㅪߪᒝߊߥߐߘ߁ߛ‫ޕ‬

䉲䊨䉼䊄䊥䋨ᣣᧄ䋩 䉲䊨䉼䊄䊥䋨㖧࿖䋩
9000 1200
8000
1000
7000
6000 800
5000
600
4000
3000 400
2000
200
1000
0 0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

࿑2-14 ࿑2-15

 ᣣᧄߩࠪࡠ࠴࠼࡝ߩ⿧౻ᢙߪ6000㨪8000⠀ߢᲧセ⊛቟ቯߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬㖧࿖ߢߩ⸥㍳ߪ1000⠀⒟ᐲએਅߣዋ
ߥ޿‫ޕ‬2001ᐕߪᣣᧄ߇1000⠀ᷫዋ‫ޔ‬㖧࿖ߪ1000⠀⒟ᐲߩ⸥㍳߇޽ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬㖧࿖ߩ⸥㍳ᢙߩᄌേߪᄢ߈ߊ‫ޔ‬ᣣ
ᧄߣߩ㑐ㅪߪਇ᣿ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

䉻䉟䉷䊮䋨ᣣᧄ䋩 䉻䉟䉷䊮䋨㖧࿖䋩
4000 5000
3500 4500
4000
3000
3500
2500 3000
2000 2500
1500 2000
1500
1000
1000
500 500
0 0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

࿑2-16 ࿑2-17
 ࿑2-152-16 ᣣᧄߩ⸥㍳ߪ3000⠀೨ᓟߢផ⒖ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬㖧࿖ߪ2000ᐕߦߪ4500⠀ࠍ⸥㍳ߒߚ߇ߘࠇએᄖ
ߩᐕߪ2000⠀⒟ᐲߢ቟ቯߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬
71



䉨䊢䉡䉳䊢䉲䉩䋨ᣣᧄ䋩 䉨䊢䉡䉳䊢䉲䉩䋨㖧࿖䋩
400 18
350 16

300 14
12
250
10
200
8
150
6
100 4
50 2
0 0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

࿑2-18 ࿑2-19

 ࡚࡚ࠠ࠙ࠫࠪࠡߩਥߥ⿧౻࿾ߪࠃࠅධᣇߦ޽ࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬ਔ࿖ߩ⸥㍳ᢙߣ߽ዋߥ޿‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߩ⸥㍳ߪ300⠀⒟ᐲ
ߢᲧセ⊛቟ቯߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬㖧࿖ߩ⸥㍳ߪࠃࠅዋߥߊ20⠀એਅߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

䊊䊙䉲䉩䋨ᣣᧄ䋩 䊊䊙䉲䉩䋨㖧࿖䋩
40000 18000

35000 16000
14000
30000
12000
25000
10000
20000
8000
15000
6000
10000 4000
5000 2000
0 0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

࿑2-20 ࿑2-21

 ࡂࡑࠪࠡߩᄙߊߪਥߦ㖧࿖ࠃࠅධߩ࿾ၞߢ⿧౻ߒߡ޿ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇ‫ޔ‬㖧࿖ߩ౻ᦼߩ⸥㍳ᢙߪ1ਁ⠀೨ᓟߣ
ዋߥ޿‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߩࡂࡑࠪࠡߩ⿧౻ᢙߪ30000⠀೨ᓟߢᄌേߒߡ޿ࠆ‫⸥ޕ‬㍳ᢙ߇਄ਅߔࠆ࠲ࠗࡒࡦࠣߪᣣᧄߣ㖧
࿖ߢห⺞ߒߡ޿ߥ޿ࠃ߁ߛ‫ޕ‬

䊚䊡䊎䉲䉩䋨ᣣᧄ䋩 䊚䊡䊎䉲䉩䋨㖧࿖䋩
3000 1400

2500 1200

1000
2000
800
1500
600
1000
400
500 200

0 0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

࿑2-11 ࿑2-23

 ࡒ࡙ࡆࠪࠡߪ⍾⾰ߩ⍾ᵿ߿ᐓẟߦ㘧᧪ߒ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߢߪ౻ᦼߦ1500⠀೨ᓟ߇⸥㍳ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬㖧࿖ࠃࠅධᣇ
ߩ࿾ၞߢਥߦ⿧౻ߔࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬㖧࿖ߢߩ⿧౻ᦼߩ⸥㍳ߪᄙߊߡ߽1000⠀⒟ᐲߢ‫ޔ‬ᐕᰴᄌേ߽ᄢ߈޿‫ޕ‬

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㧟㧕߹ߣ߼

 ਥߣߒߡࠟࡦࠞࡕ㘃ߣࠪࠡ࡮࠴࠼࡝㘃ߦߟ޿ߡAWCߣᣣᧄߩ⸥㍳ߩᲧセࠍⴕߞߚ߇‫ޔ‬AWC࠺࡯࠲ߪ୘
૕ᢙᄌേࠍᛠីߔࠆߦߪ⺞ᩏ࿁ᢙ߿⺞ᩏ♖ᐲߩὐߢචಽߢߪߥߊ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߢߩ୘૕ᢙᄌേߣᶏᄖߩߘࠇߣߩ
㑐ㅪࠍ⺞ߴࠆߦߪ⥋ࠄߥ߆ߞߚ‫⻉ࠕࠫࠕߪࠇߎޕ‬࿖ߢ㠽㘃⺞ᩏࠍⴕ߁૕೙߇⏕┙ߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿ߎߣ߇ᄢ߈
ߥⷐ࿃ߢ޽ࠅ‫੹ޔ‬ᓟ‫⻉ޔ‬ᄖ࿖ߩ⺞ᩏ૕೙߇ะ਄ߒߡ޿ߊߎߣ߇ᦸ߹ࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬
 ⺞ᩏ૕೙ࠍలታߐߖࠆߚ߼ߦߪᤨ㑆߇߆߆ࠆ߇‫৻ߩߘޔ‬ᣇߢ‫ߩ࠻ࡦࡔࠫࡀࡑ࠲࡯࠺ޔ‬㕙ߢߪ‫ޔ‬એਅߩὐ
ߦ⇐ᗧߔࠆߎߣߢ‫ࠅࠃޔ‬ᱜ⏕ߦ↢ᕷ⁁ᴫࠍᛠីߔࠆߎߣ߇น⢻ߦߥࠆߣᕁࠊࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬
 ╙৻ߦߪ‫ޔ‬AWCߩ࠺࡯࠲ࡑࡀࠫࡔࡦ࠻ߦ߅޿ߡ⺞ᩏ࿾ࠍᱜߒߊ⸥㍳ߔࠆߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬AWC࠺࡯࠲ࡌ࡯
ࠬߦ޽ࠆᣣᧄߩ⺞ᩏ࿾ߦߪ‫ޔ‬ห৻࿾ၞ߇೎ฬߢ㊀ⶄߒߡ⊓㍳ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆࠤ࡯ࠬ߿‫⺞ޔ‬ᩏ࿾ห჻߇ࠝ࡯ࡃ࡯
࡜࠶ࡊߒߚࠅ‫৻ޔ‬ᣇ߇ઁᣇࠍ฽߻ࠃ߁ߥ⺞ᩏ࿾߇⷗ࠄࠇߚ‫ޕ‬㐳ᐕߩ㑆ߦ⺞ᩏ࿾ၞߩฬ⒓߿▸࿐߇ᄌൻߔࠆ
ߎߣߪ߿߻ࠍᓧߥ޿ߩߛ߇‫ࠍࠇߘޔ‬AWC੐ോዪߩ஥߇⍮ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߥ޿ߚ߼‫⺞ࠆߥ⇣ޔ‬ᩏ࿾ฬߪᣂߚߥ
⺞ᩏ࿾ߣߒߡㅊട⊓㍳ߐࠇߡߒ߹߁‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬ᷙੂࠍ⿠ߎߐߥ޿ߚ߼ߦߪ‫ޔ‬AWCߣฦ࿖ߩ⺞ᩏታᣉ࿅૕
ߣߢ⺞ᩏ࿾⇟ภࠍ౒ㅢൻߒ‫ޔ‬෺ᣇߩ࠺࡯࠲ࡌ࡯ࠬߢ⺞ᩏ࿾ฬߩᾖว߇ߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦߒߡ߅ߊߣࠃ޿ߛࠈ
߁‫ޕ‬
 ╙ੑߦߪ‫⺞ޔ‬ᩏᣇᴺߦ㑐ߔࠆᖱႎ߽⸥㍳ߒߡ߅ߊߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫⺞ޕ‬ᩏኻ⽎⒳߿⺞ᩏᤨ㑆‫⺞ޔ‬ᩏ▸࿐ߥߤߪ
⒳ߩჇᷫࠍᱜ⏕ߦᛠីߔࠆߚ߼ߦᓎߦ┙ߟߛࠈ߁‫ޕ‬
 ╙ਃߦߪ‫ޔ‬ฦ࿖ߢ㔚ሶൻߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ࠺࡯࠲ࠍ౒᦭ߔࠆߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫ޔ߫߃ߣߚޕ‬㖧࿖ߩ᳓㠽⺞ᩏߩ࠺࡯࠲
ߪ㖧࿖⺆ߩႎ๔ᦠߢߒ߆౉ᚻߢ߈ߥ޿ߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᣣ㖧ߩ࠺࡯࠲ࠍᲧセ⸃ᨆߔࠆߚ߼ߦߪႎ๔ᦠ߆ࠄߩ⠡⸶ߣࠦ
ࡦࡇࡘ࡯࠲߳ߩ࠺࡯࠲ᛂߜㄟߺߣ޿߁ࡊࡠ࠮ࠬ߇ᔅⷐߦߥࠆ‫ᧄޕ‬੐ᬺߢߪ㖧࿖ߩႎ๔ᦠߩߥ߆ߢ✚୘૕ᢙ
ߩ࠺࡯࠲ߛߌࠍ౉ജߒߡࠣ࡜ࡈൻࠍⴕߞߚ߇‫ޔ‬ฦ࿾ὐߩ୘૕ᢙ߿૏⟎ᖱႎ߹ߢ౉ജߔࠆߎߣߪߢ߈ߥ߆ߞ
ߚ‫ߪ࠲࡯࠺ߥ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬㖧࿖ߢߪ㔚ሶ࠺࡯࠲ߣߒߡሽ࿷ߒߡ޿ࠆߪߕߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᣣ㖧෺ᣇ߇੕޿ߩ⺞ᩏ࠺࡯
࠲ࠍ੤឵ߢ߈ࠇ߫‫ޔ‬ᭂ᧲ࠕࠫࠕߩᷰࠅᕈ᳓㠽㘃ߩ୘૕ᢙᄌേߩℂ⸃ߩߚ߼ߦᄢ߈ߥ೑ὐ߇޽ࠆߛࠈ߁‫ߎޕ‬
ߩࠃ߁ߥ࠺࡯࠲౒᦭૕೙ߪ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄ߿㖧࿖ߩࠃ߁ߦᐕᰴႎ๔ᦠࠍ಴ ߢ߈ࠆ࡟ࡌ࡞ߩ࠺࡯࠲▤ℂࠍ⏕┙ߒߡ
޿ࠆ࿖߿࿾ၞߣද⼏ߔࠆߎߣ߇น⢻ߢ޽ࠈ߁‫ޕ‬
 ᷰࠅᕈ᳓㠽߇↢ᕷߔࠆḨ࿾ⅣႺߪฦ࿖ߢ㐿⊒߇ㅴࠎߢ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߦ߅ߌࠆ୘૕ᢙᷫዋߪᶏᄖߩ↢ᕷ࿾ᶖ
ᄬߣή✼ߢߪߥ޿‫ޕ‬᳓㠽ߩ୘૕ᢙᄌൻࠍㄦㅦߦᛠីߔࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬ฦ࿖ߣߩදജ૕೙ߩ᭴▽ࠍᕆߋᔅⷐ߇޽
ࠆ‫ޕ‬


本┨ߩᒁ↪ᢥ₂

Ken Gosbell & Rob Clemens. 2006. Population monitoring in Australia:
some insight after 25 years and future directions. Stilt 50:162-175.

ᄤ㊁৻⪲. 2 006.ᐓẟࠍ೑↪ߔࠆᷰࠅ㠽ߩ⃻⁁.࿾⃿ⅣႺ11(2):215-226.
 URL㧦http://www.airies.or.jp/publication/index.html

๓࿾ᱜⴕ.1993. ጊญ⋵ౝߩ᳓㠽ߩ↢ᕷ⁁ᴫ⺞ᩏႎ๔ᦠ
ࠟࡦ࡮ࠞࡕ࡮ࡂࠢ࠴࡚࠙㘃✬.ᣣᧄ㊁㠽ߩ
ળጊญ⋵ᡰㇱ⺞ᩏࠪ࡝࡯࠭╙7㓸.

   National Institute of Environmental Research.2004. Wintering Bird Census 1999~2004

本┨ߩ౮⌀ឭଏ
␹ጊ๺ᄦ
቞ደᐕผ
⼱⧷㓶
᦯ㇱථ㇢ 
ᷰㄝ⟤㇢ 


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