Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

(CPR)

Prepared by: Ana Carliza F. Fontanilla, RN

Lifesaving technique useful in many
emergencies, including heart attack or
near drowning, in which someone's
breathing or heartbeat has stopped.
Involves a combination of mouth-to-mouth
rescue breathing and chest compression
that keeps oxygenated blood flowing to the
brain and other vital organs until more
definitive medical treatment can restore a
normal heart rhythm.
 OLD CPR:
1 Rescuer:
15:2 for 4 Cycles
1 & 2 &3 & 4 & 5…10; 11,12, 13, 14 and 1 :Blow, blow
1 & 2 &3 & 4 & 5…10; 11,12, 13, 14 and 2 : Blow, blow
4 cycles

2 Rescuers:
5:1 for 12 Cycles
1 & 2 &3 & 4 and 1 : Blow
1 & 2 &3 & 4 and 2 : Blow
12 cycles
NEW CPR

> 1 or 2 Rescuer Compression: Ventilation

Ratio = 30:2 for 5 cycles

> Site of Compression: 2 Fingers above

the xiphoid process
>When to STOP CPR:

S – scene becomes unsafe

T – transfer to hospital
O – operator exhausted
P – physician assumes responsibility
S – spontaneous Breathing and
Circulation
Steps:
> Survey the scene.
If the scene is unsafe: transfer the
patient to a safer place
If safe: Continue assessing the patient

> Check for Level of Consciousness:

“Hey, hey, hey, Are you ok?”
If the patient is unconscious: Call for
help and activate medical assistance
> Place the patient in flat position in a flat,
hard surface.
> Loosen clothing
> Check for ABC
> Airway: Head tilt, Chin lift Maneuver
> Do the LLF for 5 seconds.
Look for the rise and fall of the chest.
Listen for Breathing.
Feel for the escape of the air.

1001, 1002, 1003, 1004, 1005

> Check for obstruction.
if (+) obstruction: finger sweep
if (-) obstruction: give 2 initial blows

> Activate Artificial Respiration.

Check for the rise and fall of the chest
for 4-5 seconds (adult), 3-4 seconds
(child)
Blow, 1, 1002, 1003, 1001
Blow, 1, 1002, 1003, 1002
Blow, 1, 1002, 1003, 1003
10-12 up to 24 cycles
> Check for circulation for 10 seconds.
Locate for Carotid pulse (adult),
Brachial Pulse (baby).
1001, 1002, 1003, 1004, 1005….1010

If (-) Pulse, (-) Breathing: CPR

> Locate the Xiphoid Process.
2 Fingers above the xiphoid process:
Compression Site
> Compression : Ventilation ratio =30:2

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7…..20; 1, 2, 3, 4,5…9 and 1 Blow, Blow

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7…..20; 1, 2, 3, 4,5…9 and 2 Blow, Blow
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7…..20; 1, 2, 3, 4,5…9 and 3 Blow, Blow
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7…..20; 1, 2, 3, 4,5…9 and 4 Blow, Blow
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7…..20; 1, 2, 3, 4,5…9 and 5 Blow, Blow
5 Cycles
> After 5 cycles: Check Pulse and
Breathing for 5-10 seconds.
If (-) Pulse, (-) Breathing: CPR
If (+) Pulse, (-) Breathing: AR
If (+) Pulse, (+) Breathing: Recovery
position

1001, 1002, 1003, 1004, 1005,1006…1010

Heimlich Maneuver
The Heimlich maneuver is an emergency
procedure done to expel a foreign object
lodged in the person’s airway thus
preventing a person from breathing.
Midway between the xiphoid and umbilicus
Inward upward motion
3-5 times or until the obstruction comes
out.
Indications:
The patient cannot speak or cry out
Patient grabs his/ her throat
Face turns blue from lack of oxygen
Weak cough, absent breathing, high
pitched noise
Steps:
> Ask the choking person to stand if he or
she is sitting.
> Place yourself slightly behind the
standing victim.
> Place your arms around the victim's
waist.
waist

> Locate the xiphoid process and

umbilicus. Place your fist in between the
two landmarks.
> Grab your fist with your other hand.

> Deliver five inward upward thrusts into

the abdomen.
> Make each thrust strong enough to dislodge a
foreign body.

> Understand that your thrusts make the

diaphragm move air out of the victim's lungs,
creating a kind of artificial cough.

> Keep a firm grip on the victim, since he or she

can lose consciousness and fall to the ground if
the Heimlich maneuver is not effective.

> Repeat the Heimlich maneuver until the

foreign body is expelled.
The end