```````````````````````````

Here is where your presentation begins

 Objectives
By the end of this lecture, the students would be able to:
• List the sequence of CPR
• Explain the procedures for performing CPR.
• Know when to terminate CPR.
 INTRODUCTI
ON
Cardiopulmonary
resuscitation (CPR) is a life
saving technique useful in many
emergencies, including heart
attack or drowning, in which
someone’s breathing or
heartbeat has stopped.
Purposes:
 To maintain an open airway (A).
 To maintain breathing by external ventilation.(B)
 To maintain Blood circulation by external Cardiac messages.(C)
 To save life of the patient/victim.
 To provide basic life support till medical and advanced life support
arrives.
 You can enter a subtitle here if you need it

01
Definition of
Terms:
● Artificial Respiration (AR) is a procedure to manually pump or blow air into
the lungs of a person when his or her normal or natural breathing is inadequate
or has ceased.

● Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) is an emergency procedure done to

continue the circulation of oxygen and blood inside the person's body when
cardiac and respiratory functioning has stopped.

● Defibrillator is a machine used parallel with CPR that delivers a measured

amount of electric shock to restore an appropriate rhythm for the hearts natural
pacemaker.
KINDS OF DEFIBRLIATOR
Manual/ External Defibrillator AED Defibrillator
Portable

Heart Defibrillator
● Ventilation is an action by the first aider in the administration of CPR
that allows air enter the lungs of the patient, either by mouth delivery
or an artificial airway (endotracheal tube).

● Compression is an action by the First Aider in the administration of

CPR wherein the hands and arms are used to manually pump the heart
of the victim in a definite rhythm to continue the circulation of blood
from the lungs to the heart to the brain, when cardiac functioning has
stopped.
CAB is an acronym used in CPR training. it
stands for Compressions, Airway , Breathing
and is taught on American Heart Association
(AHA) CPR courses. The CAB acronym is
designed to emphasize the importance of quality
chest compressions over the delivery of rescue
breaths.

Today, instead of A-B-C, which stood for airway

and breathing first, followed by chest
compressions, the AHA teaches rescuers to
practice C-A-B: chest compressions first, then
airway and breathing.
 When to CPR?
 In the absence of breathing
in pulse in an unresponsive
victim.
 If the victim has agonal gasp.
 If victim is in cardiac arrest.
CPR can be applied to
the following:
 Road Traffic Accident
 Drowning
 Electric Shock
 Airway of Obstruction
 Cardiac Arrest
 Things to consider before
engaging
1. Survey the scene if it is safe for you to engage. Note: Do not forget
to wear Personal Protective Equipment “PPE” such as but not
limited to face mask and rubber/surgical gloves.
2. Introduce your self to the victim and ask permission to help. Note:
If the person/subject is unconscious ask permission to the bystander
or the family member of the person.
3. Tap the shoulder Three(3) times and ask if the person is ok. “Hey
hey hey are you ok? Note: You will only do this if the person is
unconscious.
4. Check the airway if there is any foreign object visible by doing
maximum Head-Tilt and Chin Lift.
If you have an obstruction,
Do this techniques
 Baby Hook
Using your pointing to
remove the possible
obstruction.
 Forceps
Using your pointing finger
and thumb.
 Scissor
-Using your pointing and middle
finger.

 If the obstruction is caused by

vomit, blood or any fluids you
may use a clean cloth wrap it to
your pointing finger and use
the baby hook technique.
After removing the obstruction to the airway you
can now proceed to check breathing and
circulation.
 Also check simultaneously for 10 seconds the breathing ( by placing your cheek on the
person’s nose and mouth and also by looking to the abdomen and chest area) and
circulation (by looking for the carotid pulse located on the neck area).

 If you notice (Upon the first assessment) that the person has no pulse and is not breathing
immediately ask a specific by-stander to call an ambulance/advance medical personnel
( also known as “activate medical assistant”.

Things to consider when asking the By-stander for advance medical assistance.

 Do not use finger to pin point a by-stander instead use your hand.
 Use modulated voice in giving instructions.
Things you must
“NOT DO”
while doing CPR:
Things you must
“NOT DO”
while doing CPR:
02
Conducting CPR
according to their age.
You can enter a subtitle here if you need it
How to conduct CPR to an
Infant:
1. 2.
1) Look for breathing.
2) If there is no breathing, locate
proper hand position and start
pushing down on the breastbone.
Give 30 compressions.
3) Open the baby's airway using the
Head-Tilt-Chin lift method.
3. 4.
4) Place your mouth over the baby’s
nose and mouth and start the
breathing Give 2breaths.
 CPR: Infant (Age 1)
1. If you think the baby is not breathing
2. 1. Check to see if the baby will respond to you.
3. 2. If the baby does not respond, call out for someone to call 911.
4. 3. Turn the baby flat on his back on a hard surface.
5. 4. Look at baby’s face and chest to see if baby is breathing. Look for at least 5 seconds, but no more than
10 seconds
6. 5. If baby is not breathing, remove clothes from his or her chest.
7. 6. Find the right position for chest compressions by drawing an imaginary line between the nipples to
find the middle of the breastbone.
8. 7. Place 2 fingers just below that line on the breastbone and push down hard on the breastbone 1½ inches
toward the backbone.
9. 8. After you have compressed the chest 30 times, open the baby's airway for mouth-to-mouth breathing
using the head lift-chin lift method
10. 9. Give 2 breaths
11. 10. Repeat 30 compressions and 2 breaths for a total of 5 times.
12. 11. If you still have not called 911 because you are alone and did not have a cell phone, call 911 after 5
sets of compressions and breaths. Then, resume CPR until help arrives. If help is already on the way and
the child is not moving or breathing, continue CPR.
 CPR: Child ( Age 1-8)
1. 1.Check for consciousness: tap or gently shake the victim. Shout “ Are you ok?”
2. If there is no response, shout for help.
3. Position the child: roll the child onto his/her back, preferably on a firm surface with the Head Tilt at
the level of the heart.( Roll the child as a unit, supporting the head and neck)
4. Kneel next to the child with your knees against the child's side.
5. Check the victims ABC’s
Open the Airway
Check Breathing
Check Circulation
6. Call EMS. Have someone else make the call if possible. Give the dispatcher a report on the victims
ABC’s.
7. Position your hands. Use the hand nearer the head to keep the child's head tilted. With the other hand,
Find the notch where the child's ribs meet the sternum.
8. Give 5 chest compressions: with one hand, keep the child's head tilted. Lean over the child until your
shoulder is right over your other hand and lock your arm straight.
9. Give the child 1 breath, watching for the chest to rise.
10. Continue to repeat this sequence of 5 compressions and 1 breath for 10 cycles.
11. Re check the pulse.
 CPR: Adult
1.Check for consciousness: tap or gently shake the victim. Shout “ Are you ok?”
2. If there is no response, shout for help.
3. Position the victim: roll the victim onto his or her back her ably on a firm surface with the
head at the level of the heart.
4. Kneel next to the victim, midway between the victims chest and heart.
5. Check the victims ABC’s
a) Open the Airway
b) Check Breathing
c) Check Circulation
6. Call EMS. Have someone else make the call if possible. Give the dispatcher a report on the
victims ABC’s.
If the victim has no breathing and no pulse, Begin CPR.
7.Position your hands. Find the notch where the victims ribs meet the sternum (breastbone) in
the center of the chest.
8.Give 15 chest compressions; lean over the victim so your shoulders are over your hands.
Lock your arm straight.
9. Open the Airway with the Head Tilt/ Chin Lift. Give two more breaths, watching for the
chest to rise.
 Action Adult (13 yrs. Old and above

Compression Area Center of the chest (on lower half of sternum)

Depth At least 2 inches (5cm)

How to Compress 2 hands (one hand on top below is the dominant) use the heel of
the hand.
Rate (Speed) At least 100 compression per minute.

Compression/ Ventilation 30 chest compression : 2 ventilation

1 or 2 rescuers
Ways to ventil Mouth to Mouth
Protective equipment to ventilate:
Face shield; Face mask and bag valve mask (BVM)

Ventilations Until the chest clearly rises (about 1 second per ventilation)

Number of cycle per two minutes 5 cycles

1 or 2 rescuers
Counting for standardization 1*2*3*4*5*6*7*8*9*10*11*12*13*14*15*16*17*18*19*20
proposes 1*2*3*4*5*6*7*8*9 and 1
Then breathe, breathe (….up to 5 cycle)
 03
Steps of Conducting AR
or CPR
You can enter a subtitle here if you need it
1. Dominant hand over non-
dominant hand.
2. Make sure that the front of your elbow is the one
who is visible.
3. Always look at the face of the person. If he/she
is making reaction, indicating the person is
conscious.
5. Use your upper body upon giving chest
compression.
4. 30 chest compression : 2 ventilation ( render to
pinch the nose when providing ventilation to
prevent air from escaping and release after
wars.)

*Do this for 5 cycles or until the person showing

signs of life( positive signs of pulse and
breathing.
When to stop CPR?
When to stop CPR?

 Spontaneous signs of breathing and circulation

 Turn over the professional provider/ advance
medical personnel.
 Operator is exhausted
 Physician assumes responsibility
 Scene become unsafe
 When the person is showing signs of life
(positive signs of pulse and breathing) checked
for Deformity, Open wounds, Tenderness and
Swelling (DOTS) if there is any possible injury
and put the person into the recovery position.
Procedure:
1. Extend the arm nearest you at a right angle to their body with their
palm facing up.
2. Take their other arm and fold it so the back of their hand rests on the check
closest to you, and hold it in place.
3. Use your hand to bend the persons knee farthest from you to a right angle.
4. Carefully roll the person onto their side pulling on the bent knee.
5. Rub the back to make the person more relax or vomiting, stay with the person
and monitor their condition until help arrives.
Thank You !