Fundamentals in Measurement

Theory
• Definition

• Operational definition

• Measurement
 Continued
• Observations & generalization based on
data and measurement.
• The more rigorously the front end of the
software development process is executed
the better the quality at the back end.
• Rigorous Implementation
• Rigorous Execution
• Back-End Quality
 Testable Hypothesis
• The higher the percentage of the designs
& code that are inspected, the lower the
defect rate that will be encountered at the
later phase of formal machine testing.
• The more effective the design reviews and
code inspections as scored by the
inspection team, the lower the defect rate
that will be encountered at the later phase
of formal machine testing.
 Scale of Measurement
• Nominal Scale
• Ordinal scale
• Interval Scale
• Ratio Scale
• Basic Measures
• Ratio/Proportion/Percentages
 Reliability & Validity

• Reliability: Refers to the consistency of the

measurements taken using the same
measurement method on the same object.
• Reliability: Can be measured in terms of
the size of the standard deviation of the
repeated measurements.
• (IV)= standard deviation/Mean
 Construct Validity
• Refers to whether the measurement or
metric really measures what we intend to
measures. It refers to the extent to which
an empirical measure reflects the real
meaning of concept under consideration.
• It actually refers to the validity of the
operational measurement or metric
representing the theoretical construct.