Introducing EMS AND

ISO 14001
What is ISO?
 What is ISO?

„ International Organization for Standardization

„ Network of the national standards institutes of 157 countries
„ One member per country
„ Central Secretariat in Geneva, Switzerland
„ Non-governmental organization
„ ISO occupies a special position between the public and private
sectors. This is because, on the one hand, many of its member
institutes are part of the governmental structure of their
countries, or are mandated by their government. On the other
hand, other members have their roots uniquely in the private
sector, having been set up by national partnerships of industry
associations.
„ Therefore, ISO is able to act as a bridging organization in
which a consensus can be reached on solutions that meet both
the requirements of business and the broader needs of society,
such as the needs of stakeholder groups like consumers and
users.
Related Standards
 Some ISO and other standards

„ ISO 9001: 2000 (2008)

„ ISO 27001 (Specification for ISMS)
„ OHSAS 18001: 1999 (2007)
„ SA 8000
What is ISO 14000?
 What is ISO 14000?

A family of standards structured by the ISO that

address various aspects of environmental management.
First standards published in 1996.
The series is made up of documents related to EMS
(i.e., ISO 14001 and ISO 14004) and documents related
to environmental management tools (i.e., all other ISO
14000 series documents).
 Other standards of the ISO 14000
family

ƒ ISO 14015: Environmental assessment of sites and

organizations

ƒISO 14020: Environmental Labels and Declarations related

ƒISO 14030: Environmental performance evaluation related

ƒISO 14040: Life Cycle Assessment related

ƒISO 14050: Environmental Management:Vocabulary

ƒISO 14060: Environmental Aspects in product standards

ƒISO 14064 and 65: GHG related
Objectives of ISO 14000
 The Objectives of the ISO 14000

To provide a framework for an overall strategic

approach to an organization's environmental policy,
plans and actions.
To help an organization of any size or type to
control the impact of its activities, products and
services on the environment.

To enable a structured approach to setting

environmental objectives and targets, to achieving
them and to demonstrating that they have been
achieved.
 The Objectives of the ISO 14000

To make environmental management a proactive

exercise and show that a strategic approach can bring
higher return on investment in environment related
measures.

To establish a common approach to environmental

management systems that is internationally recognized,
leading to improved environmental protection and
reducing barriers to international trade.
Driving forces for self
regulation
 Driving Forces of Change to Self-Regulation

„ National / International agreements

„ Increasing Competition
„ Green Consumerism
„ Public Pressures
„ Resource crunch
„ Stricter environmental laws and regulations
All our sites in all countries will be certified to
ISO 14001 in the next three years

„ IBM
„ Sulzer
„ Kodak
„ 3M
„ ABB
„ Vedanta
„ Arcelor
„ Toyota
„ Ford
„ Many more
 We will require our subcontractors and
suppliers to submit themselves to the EMS
process which means we will no longer accept
those who have not been certified

„ Toyota
„ GM
„ Siemens
„ Shell
„ Nokia
„ Canon
„ LG
„ Many more
 Changes in Environmental Management
Practice

„ 60s: Environmental awareness- Dilution as a

solution to pollution
„ 70s: End of pipe approach
„ Early 80s: Pollution prevention
„ Mid 80s: EMS and Environmental audits
„ Early 90s: Cleaner production
„ 1996: ISO 14001
„ 2000 onwards: Other environmental
management tools
Who certifies?
 ISO 14001 certification

ƒ Certifying bodies
ƒDNV
ƒTUV
ƒICS
ƒBVQI
ƒIRQS
ƒNVT Quality Certification
ƒLRQA

ƒAccreditation bodies
ƒNational Accreditation Board for Certification Bodies
 ISO 14001 certification

ƒ Audits before certification

ƒCertification audit

ƒSurveillance audits

ƒRe-certification audits
 Business benefits of ISO 14001
certification

ƒ Risk Management

ƒCompetitive Advantage

ƒCost savings

ƒImproved relationships with the community and

regulators

ƒStakeholders

ƒFinancial Institutions
What is an EMS?
 Environmental Management
System

ƒ Based on the Plan Do Check Act (PDCA Cycle)

ƒ Part of an organization’s management system used to
develop and implement its environmental policy and
manage its environmental aspects
ƒA management system is a set of interrelated elements
used to establish policy and objectives and to achieve
those objectives
ƒA management system includes organizational
structure, planning activities, responsibilities, practices,
procedures, processes and resources
 Features of ISO 14001

The ISO 14001 is ….

ß Consensus driven
The ISO 14001 does not ….
ß Applicable industry-wide
Û specify levels of
ß Voluntary environmental performance

Û replace legislative and

regulatory requirements

Û set performance
standards but management
standards.
 Critical factors
Success of an EMS depends on...
ß Top Management Commitment
ß Employee involvement at all levels
ß Integration into overall management function

Common barriers
Ý Constraints of time and resources
Ý Insufficient support from top management.
Ý Uncertainty about the intent of ISO 14001.
Ý Reservations about added documentation and
paperwork.
 Interfacing the process
with current operations

The EMS concerns virtually all business and management

activities within any enterprise:
Production processes

Stores

Utilities

Finance and Administration

Planning and development

Management and marketing

 Environmental Management System

A Environmental P
Continual Policy
Improvement

Management
Planning
Review EMS
Elements

Checking
Implementation
and Operation
D
C
 Who will do it?

Possibilities…

Í A high-level environmental management group

entrusted with the full range of issues to be covered by the
EMS

Í Each operating or functional division having its own

organization and system for the management of
environmental issues relevant to that division, working in
coordination

ÍExternal consultant
Developing an
Environmental Policy
 What is an Environmental
Policy?

”…a statement by the organization of its intentions

and principles in relation to its overall
environmental performance..."
The Policy...
provides a framework for action
lends an overall sense of direction
serves as foundation of the EMS
serves as a reference point for revisiting
strategies, plans and actions.
 Initial
Environmental
Review

Environmental
Continual
Improvement Policy

Management
Review The EMS Cycle Planning
as per ISO 14001

Checking
Implementation
and Operation
 Why is the Environmental Policy so
important?

Í It provides visible evidence of support of top

management

Í It is a public statement of commitment

Í It may have far-reaching business

implications

Í It is usually a (relatively) long-lived document

 EMS and ISO 14001
„ Environmental Policy
„ Defined by top management
„ Nature, scale and environmental
impacts
„ Commitment to continual improvement
and prevention of pollution
„ Commitment to comply with legal and
other requirements
EMS and ISO 14001
„ Environmental Policy (contd)
„ Framework for objectives and
targets
„ Documented, implemented,
maintained and communicated
„ Available to public
EMS and ISO 14001
ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY OF ASIAN PAINTS (I) PLANTS
„
“ We consider compliance to statutory EHS requirements as the
minimum performance standard and are committed to go beyond
and adopt stricter standards wherever appropriate.”
„ “We shall focus on resource optimisation and waste minimisation.
We believe that these measures will help in sustainable
development.”
„ “We are committed to Continual Improvement in the area of EHS.”
„ “We will give priority and attention to health & safety of
employees.”
„ “We will impart training to all employees to institutionalise EHS
values throughout the company.”
„ “We will encourage sharing of information & communication of
our EHS management system with the stakeholders.”
„ “We will educate customers and the public on safe use of our
products.”

Ashwin Choksi
ChairmanMumbai
10th May 2004.
EMS and ISO 14001 (Wipro-
Environmental Policy)
„ At Wipro, we are committed to providing a safe and healthy work
environment to all the employees and associates. This is done with the help
of suitable management systems that are aimed at:

„ Prevention of accidents - through fire, security losses, damages to property,

personal injuries and loss of life

„ Conservation of natural resources - by efficient use of energy, water and

effective utilization of waste

„ Prevention of pollution and hazards

„ Compliance with legislation and regulations that are relevant to our

organization

„ Development of safe work practices by regular training to employees and

support staff

„ Periodic review of systems and processes aimed at continual improvement

Aspects and Impacts
 Environmental
Continual Policy
Improvement

Management Planning
Review Environmental aspects
Legal and other
requirements
Objectives, targets
and programs

Checking and
Corrective Action Implementation
and Operation
 Defining Environmental
aspects and impacts

An Environmental Aspect *...

an "element of an organization's
activities, products and services
that can interact with the
environment”
An Environmental Impact*
”...any change to the environment,
whether adverse or beneficial, wholly
or partially resulting from an
* as per standard
organization's activities, products and
services."
 Properties of Environmental
Aspects and Impacts

Activity 1

Aspect 1 Aspect 2 Aspect 3 Aspects

Impact 1 Impacts
Impact 2

Aspects are neutral

Impacts may be negative or positive
 Aspects and Impacts

„ Enlist a few aspects and impacts associated

with the following
„ Laundry
„ Office
„ Institute canteen
ACTIVITY ASPECTS IMPACTS
Resource
Consumption
Power
Consumption
Water , soil
Water pollution
consumption
VOC emissions
Use of
chemicals Health risks

Paper, plastic
packaging of Resource Consumption
clothes Solid waste generation
ACTIVITY ASPECTS IMPACTS

Paper, supplies
consumption Solid waste
generation
Use of inks,
carbon, Toxic wastes
solvents
Resource
Electricity
depletion
consumption
Steps:Identification of aspects and
impacts

ƒ Department or functionwise

ƒ Team formation

ƒ Inputs, outputs, wastes

ƒ Data gathering

ƒ Aspect identification, various scenarios

ƒ Impact identification and significance

 EMS and ISO 14001
„ Planning – Environmental Aspects
„ Identification of environmental aspects
„ Control and influence
„ New developments, activities, products,
services
„ Significant impacts
„ Significant impacts to be considered in setting
objectives
„ Up to date
„ Reckoned in establishing, implementing and
maintaining EMS
 NORMAL
Soil, ground
Regular fertilizer water pollution
application
Soil, ground
ABNORMAL water pollution
Health risks
Use of pesticides,
weedicides
Soil, water pollution

EMERGENCY Long term health risk

Damage to native
Spills, leakage of communities
chemicals
 EMS and ISO 14001
„ Planning – Legal and other requirements
„ Identification and access to legal and
other requirements
„ Determine how these requirements
apply to its environmental aspects
„ Reckoned in establishing, implementing
and maintaining EMS
 EMS and ISO 14001
„ Planning – Objectives, Targets and programmes
„ Documented objectives and targets at relevant levels and functions
„ Measurable where practicable
„ Consistent with the environmental policy
„ Consideration to
„ Legal and other requirements

„ Significant environmental aspects

„ Technological options

„ Financial, Operational and business requirements

„ Views of interested parties

EMS and ISO 14001
„ Planning – Objectives, Targets and
Programmes (contd)
„ Programmes for achieving
objectives and targets
„ Responsibility

„ Means and time frame

EMS and ISO 14001
Corporate Environmental Goals (3M): 2000-05 G R
Reduce volatile air emissions indexed to net sales
25 61%
%
Reduce U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Toxic
Release Inventory Releases (TRI) indexed to net sales
50 64
Improve energy efficiency (energy use indexed to net
sales)
20 27
Reduce waste indexed to net sales
25 30
Double the number of Pollution Prevention Pays (3P)
projects from the previous five-year period from 194 to
400 1262
400 projects
Environmental Performance: Dr.
Reddy’s
Sustainability Program 2008 - 11:
Deutsche Bank
„ To expand the range of sustainable products
offered
„ To carry out further measures against climate
change
„ To further reduce our carbon footprint
„ To expand steering instruments, particularly
in the field of corporate ecology
Activity Aspect Impact Objective Target

Laundry Excessive water Increased Reduce water By 20% in one

use consumption consumption year starting
of raw water Jan 2007
Policy : To
Wastewater
Conserve generation
water

Indicator for target – water consumption in cum per ton of production

Actions
Repair and maintenance of equipment
Use of water efficient equipment
Rationalization of operations through training of staff
 Area Aspect Impact Objective Target

Guestroom Supply of Waste By 30% in one

toiletries from Reduce year
packaging waste
Policy : To generation
Waste
minimize from
waste unused
products

Indicator for target – Kg of waste generated

Actions
Replace products with recyclable alternatives
Reduce packaging
Recycle products
 EMS and ISO 14001
„ Implementation and Operation
„ Resources, roles, responsibility and authority
„ Competence, training and awareness
„ Communication
„ Documentation
„ Control of Documents
„ Operational Control
„ Emergency Preparedness and Response
 EMS and ISO 14001
„ Checking
„ Monitoring and measurement
„ Evaluation of compliance
What could be monitored
and measured?
 EMS and ISO 14001
„ Checking – Monitoring and measurement (examples
of what can be M & M)
„ Quantity of raw material or energy used
„ Quantity of emissions like CO2
„ Waste produced per quantity of finished
produced
„ Process efficiencies
„ Number of environmental incidents (like
excursions above limits)
 EMS and ISO 14001
„ Checking – Monitoring and measurement (examples of what can
be M & M)
„ Number of environmental accidents (like unplanned
releases)
„ Percentage waste recycled
„ Percentage recycled material used in packaging
„ Quantities of specific pollutants emitted
„ Investment in environmental protection
„ Number of prosecutions / notices
„ Green belt
 EMS and ISO 14001
„ Checking – Evaluation of compliance –
Various methods
„ Audits
„ Document and / or record review
„ Facility inspections
„ Interviews
„ Routine sample analysis or test results and/
or verification sampling / testing
„ Facility tour and/or direct observation
 EMS and ISO 14001
„ Checking – Nonconformity, CAPA

„ What is a non conformity?

„ What is a corrective action?

„ What is a preventive action?

 EMS and ISO 14001
„ Checking – Nonconformity, CAPA

„ Nonconformity : Non-fulfillment of a
requirement

„ Corrective Action: Action to eliminate the

cause of a detected nonconformity

„ Preventive Action: Action to eliminate the

cause of a potential nonconformity
 EMS and ISO 14001
„ Non-conformity
„ System performance
„ Failure to establish O & T
„ Failure to define responsibilities
„ Failure to periodically evaluate compliance
with legal requirements
„ Environmental Performance
„ Energy reduction targets not achieved
„ Maintenance requirements not performed as
scheduled
„ Operating criteria (like permit limits) not
met
EMS and ISO 14001
„ Checking – Control of Records
EMS and ISO 14001
„ Checking – Control of Records
(Examples)
„ Complaint
„ Training
„ Process monitoring
„ Inspection, maintenance, calibration
„ Pertinent contractor and supplier
records
EMS and ISO 14001
„ Checking – Control of Records
(Examples)
„ Incident
„ Tests for emergency preparedness

„ Audit results

„ Management review results

„ External communication decision

EMS and ISO 14001
„ Checking – Control of Records
(Examples)
„ Envrionmental Performance
information
„ Legal compliance records
„ Communications with interested
parties
EMS and ISO 14001
„ Checking – Internal Audit
 EMS and ISO 14001
„ Management Review
„ Top management
„ Planned intervals
„ Continuing suitability, adequacy and
effectiveness
„ Assessment of improvement opportunities
and need for change
„ Records of management reviews
 EMS and ISO 14001
„ Management Review (contd)
„ Inputs
„ Results of internal audits
„ Evaluation of compliance
„ External interested party communication including
complaints
„ Environmental performance
„ Objectives and targets
„ Status of CAPA
„ Follow-up actions from previous management reviews
„ Changing circumstances
„ Recommendations for improvement
 EMS and ISO 14001
„ Management Review (contd)
„ Outputs
„ Decisions and actions
„ Environmental Policy
„ Objectives and targets
„ Other elements of EMS
 Typical Cost Structure
Putting a cost to EMS implementation is quite
difficult as it depends on varied factors like the size
of the organization, nature of operations, level of
environmentally sound practices already initiated,
etc.
Significant costs
ÍStaff time
ÍConsulting fees where external expertise is
required
ÍTravel, EMS auditor training and software
ÍCost of certification
Additional costs
Í EMS registration and Baseline Assessments
Í Recertification audits
Í Surveillance Audit every six months
 The ISO 14001 Registration
Process

PRE
ASSESSMENT
(optional)

APPLICATION STAGE 1 STAGE 2

REGISTRATION
AND PROPOSAL VISIT VISIT

6-12 2-4 0-4

months months months

8-20 months