Iodine value

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The iodine value (or "iodine adsorption value" or "iodine number" or "iodine index") in
chemistry is the mass of iodine in grams that is consumed by 100 grams of a chemical
substance. An iodine solution is yellow/brown in color and any chemical group in the
substance that reacts with iodine will make the color disappear at a precise concentration. The
amount of iodine solution thus required to keep the solution yellow/brown is a measure of the
amount of iodine sensitive reactive groups.

One application of the iodine number is the determination of the amount of unsaturation
contained in fatty acids. This unsaturation is in the form of double bonds which react with
iodine compounds. The higher the iodine number, the more unsaturated fatty acid bonds are
present in a fat.[1] In a typical procedure, the acid is treated with an excess of the Hanuš or
Wijs solutions, which are, respectively, solutions of iodine monobromide (IBr) and iodine
monochloride (ICl) in glacial acetic acid. Unreacted iodine monobromide (or monochloride)
is reacted with potassium iodide, converting it to iodine, whose concentration can be
determined by titration with sodium thiosulfate.

Standard methods for analysis are for example ASTM D5768-02(2006) and DIN 53241.

For a simple analysis, 0.2 grams of the fat is mixed with 20 ml Wijs solution and 10 ml 1,1,1-
trichloroethane. It is then left in the dark for 30 minutes. Next, 15 ml of 10% potassium iodide
solution and 10 ml of deionized water is added. This is then titrated against 0.1 M sodium
thiosulfate (VI) solution. 1 ml of 0.1 M sodium thiosulfate solution = 0.01269 g of iodine. The
difference between a control titration and the titration with the fat present multiplied by this
factor gives the mass of iodine absorbed by the oil.

Recently,its importance in health is also identified.[2]

[edit] See also

 Saponification value
 Acid number
 Bromine number

[edit] References
1. ^ http://domanski.cs.csi.cuny.edu/klibaner/LIPID.htm[dead link]
2. ^ Padmanaban P, Sarkar G. Iodine number: A new marker for health. Chron Young Sci
2010;1:46-7

Definition and Scope

The most important application of the iodine value is to determine the amount of unsaturation
contained in fatty acids. This unsaturation is in the form of double bonds which react with
iodine compounds. The higher the iodine value, the more unsaturated fatty acid bonds are
present in a fat.
Iodine value is used as a parameter in process control as well as a quality parameter in traded
palm oil products.