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Mysql
Mysql
Table of Contents
SQL INTRO .............................................................................................................. 8
SQL Wildcards........................................................................................................21
SQL IN Operator.....................................................................................................22
1
THETNAUNGHTUT [SQL]
2
THETNAUNGHTUT [SQL]
What is XAMPP?
Apache web server install MySQL, PHP
and Perl server ၌ XAMPP Apache
install XAMPP MySQL, PHP and Perl
download, extract and start
Apache internet server limit free
server
WINDOW XAMPP
(http://www.apachefriends.org/en/xampp-windows.html)
Start control panelUser Accounts and Family SafetyTurn user Account Control on or off
[turn user account control on or off ]
3
THETNAUNGHTUT [SQL]
Exit
4
THETNAUNGHTUT [SQL]
notepad
notepad
C:\XAMPP\mysql\bin\mysql.exe -uroot
save save save .bat
- mysqlopen.bat
bat file double click mysql -
5
THETNAUNGHTUT [SQL]
Sql installation
CONFIGURING MYSQL
MySQL installing MySQL configuring shoutcut
Start Search BoxSearch Box cmd cmd
right click Pin to start menu start menu cmd
6
THETNAUNGHTUT [SQL]
mysql> UPDATE mysql.user SET Password = PASSWORD ( ‘thetnaung’ ) WHERE User = ‘root’;
1 rows affected Query ok
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
exit
> mysql –uroot
error password
> mysql -uroot –p
password password
password -
mysql> UPDATE mysql.user SET PASSWORD = Password WHERE User =’root’;
7
THETNAUNGHTUT [SQL]
SQL INTRO
WHAT IS MYSQL?
SQL Structured Query Language (
) definition -
MySQL database management system
Database data Database
List database data
corporate network ( ) -
database computer database data add ၊
၊ MySQL Server database
management system computer
Database management system data
management central
standalone
application Database
Database table
Database
Database view
Table, procedure, views
SQL CAN DIVIDED INTO TWO PART ARE (DML AND DDL)
Data Manipulating Language(DML) - Data
SQL Syntax
Database Tables
Database table Table
( “ ” “ ” ) row record
“Persons”
SQL Statements
SQL statement
SQL statement records
SQL Syntax 9
THETNAUNGHTUT [SQL]
Result:
LastName FirstName
MgMg U
KyawThu Mg
Thetnaung Mg
SELECT * Example
SELECT * FROM Persons
asterisk (*) star columns select
Result :
P_ID LastName FirstName Address City
1 MgMg U 21 Street Dagon Yangon
2 KyawThu Mg 32 yatanar St Bahan Yangon
3 Thetnaung Mg WinZin Meiktila
Yangon select
SELECT * FROM Persons
WHERE City = ‘Yangon’
Result
P_ID LastName FirstName Address City
1 MgMg U 21 Street Yangon
2 KyawThu Mg 32 yantanar Yangon
This is correct:
SELECT * FROM Persons WHERE FirstName = ‘U’
This is wrong:
SELECT * FROM Persons WHERE FirstNma = U
For numeric values:
This is correct:
SELECT * FROM Persons WHERE Year = 1986
This is wrong:
SELECT * FROM Persons WERE Year = ‘ 1965’
WHERE Clause operator
Operator Description
= Equl
<> Not equal
> Greater than
< Less than
>= Greate than or equal
<= Less than or equal
BETWEEN Between an inclusive range
( )
LIKE Search for a pattern
IN If you know the exact value you want to return for at least one of the columns
SQL version <> operator !=
OR Operator Example
“Mg” “U”
statement
Result
P_ID LastName FirstName Address City
1 MgMg U 21 Street Yangon
2 KyawThu Mg 32 yatanar Yangon
3 Yan Naung Mg WinZin Meiktila
Result
P_ID LastName FirstName Address City
2 KyawThu Mg 32 yantarnar Yangon
ORDER BY Example
The “ Persons” table:
P_ID LastName FirstName Address City
1 MgMg U 21 Street Yangon
2 KyawThu Mg 32 yatanar Yangon
3 Yan Naung Mg WinZin Meiktila
4 Yan Aung Mr TharkayTa Yangon
table lastname
sorting
Result
Result
P_ID LastName FirstName Address City
4 Yan Aung Mr TharkayTa Yangon
3 Yan Naung Mg WinZin Meiktila
1 MgMg U 21 Street Yangon
2 KyawThu Mg 32 yatanar Yangon
3. column
INSERT INTO table_ (column 1, column 2, column 3, )
VALUES ( ၁ ၊ ၂ ၊ ၃ , )
UPDATE Persons
SET Address = ‘Kannar road’ , City = ‘ Magway’
Result:
P_ID LastName FirstName Address City
1 MgMg U Kannar road Magway
2 KyawThu Mg Kannar road Magway
3 Yan Naung Mg Kannar road Magway
4 NayLin Mr Kannar road Magway
5 Min Aung U Kannar road Magway
Or
MySQL Syntax
SELECT column_
FROM table_
LIMIT number
Example
SELECT *
FROM Persons
LIMIT 5
Oracle Syntax
SELECT column_
FROM table_name
WHERE ROWNUM <= number
Example
SELECT *
FROM Persons
WHERE ROWNUM <= 5
SELECT TOP 2 *
FROM Persons
Result
P_ID LastName FirstName Address City
1 MgMg U 21 Street Yangon
2 KyawThu Mg 32 yatarnar Yangon
Result
P_ID LastName FirstName Address City
1 MgMg U 21 Street Yangon
2 KyawThu Mg 32 yatanar Yangon
Result -
P_ID LastName FirstName Address City
1 MgMg U 21 Street Yangon
2 KyawThu Mg 32 yatanar Yangon
“%” wildcards( pattern )
၊
Result -
P_ID LastName FirstName Address City
1 MgMg U 21 Street Yangon
2 KyawThu Mg 32 yatanar Yangon
Result -
P_ID LastName FirstName Address City
3 Yan Naung Mg WinZin Meiktila
SELECT *
FROM Persons
WHERE City NOT LIKE ‘eik’
Result -
P_ID LastName FirstName Address City
1 MgMg U 21 Street Yangon
2 KyawThu Mg 32 yatanar Yangon
SQL Wildcards
SQL wildcards database data
SQL Wildcards
SQL wildcards database data character ( )
SQL Wildcards 21
THETNAUNGHTUT [SQL]
Result -
P_ID LastName FirstName Address City
2 KyawThu Mg 32 yantarnar Yangon
Result
P_ID LastName FirstName Address City
2 KyawThu Mg 32 yantarnar Yangon
3 Yan Naung Mg WinZin Meiktila
Pesons table “b” or “y” or “k” select
SELECT *
FROM Persons
WHERE LastName LIKE ‘[ !byk]%’
Result -
P_ID LastName FirstName Address City
1 MgMg U 21 Street Yangon
SQL IN Operator
IN operator WHERE clause
SQL IN Syntax
SELECT column_
FROM table_name
WHERE column_ IN ( value 1, value2,…)
IN Operator Example
The “Persons” table
P_ID LastName FirstName Address City
1 MgMg U 21 Street Yangon
2 KyawThu Mg 32 yantarnar Yangon
SQL IN Operator 22
THETNAUNGHTUT [SQL]
Result -
P_ID LastName FirstName Address City
1 MgMg U 21 Street Yangon
2 KyawThu Mg 32 yantarnar Yangon
Result
P_ID LastName FirstName Address City
Example 2
example NOT BETWEEN
SELECT * FROM Persons
WHERE LastName
NOT BETWEEN ‘MgMg’ AND ‘Yan Naung’
Result -
P_ID LastName FirstName Address City
2 KyawThu Mg 32 yantarnar Yangon
SQL Alias
alias table ( ) column ( )
( ) table
( ) column
Alias Example
“Persons” table “Product_Orders” table Persons
“p” ၊ Product_Orders “pro”
SQL Alias 24
THETNAUNGHTUT [SQL]
SQL Joins
SQL joins table ( ) table
table column
Database table key
Primary key row unique column ( column
) Primary ၏ table unique ( )
table data table
data (bind)
Persons table ၌
P_Id LastName FirstName Address City
1 MgMg U 21 Street Yangon
2 KyawThu Mg 32 yantarnar Yangon
3 Yan Naung Mg WinZin Meiktila
“P_Id” column “Persons” table primary key
“P_Id” row P_Id person
Orders table:
O_Id OrderNo P_Id
1 12345 3
2 67890 3
3 112233 1
4 112234 1
5 112235 15
“O_Id” column “Orders” table primary key “P_Id” column
“Persons” table person “P_Id”
column table
Different SQL JOINS
Example JOIN type list
JOIN
LEFT JOIN
RIGHT JOIN
FULL JOIN
SQL Joins 25
THETNAUNGHTUT [SQL]
Result
LastName FirstName OrderNo
MgMg U 789
MgMg U 012
YanNaung Mg 123
YanNaung Mg 456
INNER JOIN keyword table row
“Persons” “Orders”
row listed
result
result
LastName FirstName OrderNo
MgMg U 789
MgMg U 012
YanNaung Mg 123
YanNaung Mg 456
345
result
LastName FirstName OrderNo
MgMg U 789
MgMg U 012
YanNaung Mg 123
YanNaung Mg 456
Kyaw Thu Mg
345
FULL JOIN keyword table row ၊ table row
Person table row Order table match
၊ Orders table row Persons table match
row list
“Employees_Mandalay”:
E_ID E_Name
01 U Yar Zar
02 U Nay Naing
03 Mg Yel Soe
04 Mg Zar Ni
(employees) list -
SELECT E_Name FROM Employees_Yangon
UNION
SELECT E_Name FROM Employees_Mandalay
result
E_Name
U Kyaw Thu
U Min Soe
Mg Yel Soe
Mg Zaw Naing
U Yar Zar
U Nay Naing
Mg Zar Ni
command list
List
UNION command (distinct) select
Result:
E_Name
U Kyaw Thu
U Min Soe
Mg Yel Soe
Mg Zaw Naing
U Yar Zar
U Nay Naing
Mg Yel Soe
Mg Zar Ni
SELECT *
INTO new_table_name [IN externaldatabase]
FROM old_tablename
( ) column table
SELECT column_name(s)
INTO new_table_name [in externaldatabase]
FROM old_tablename
SELECT *
INTO Persons_Backup IN ‘Backup.mdb’
FROM Persons
field table -
SELECT LasrName, FirstName
INTO Persons_Backup
FROM Persons
SQL Constraints
Constraints data type limit
Constraints table (CREATE TABLE statement ) table
(ALTER TABLE statement )
constraints Constraint
NOT NULL
UNIQUE
PRIMARY KEY
FOREIGN KEY
CHECK
DEFAULT
constraint ၏
SQL Constraints 34
THETNAUNGHTUT [SQL]
MySQL:
ALTER TABLE Persons
DROP INDEX uc_PersonID
MySQL:
CREATE TABLE Persons
(
P_Id int NOT NULL
LastName varchar (255) NOT NULL,
FirstName varchar(255),
Address varchar (255),
PRIMARY KEY (P_Id)
)
SQL Server / Oracle / MS Access:
CREATE TABLE Persons
(
P_Id int NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
LastName varchar (255) ,
Address varchar (255),
City varchar (255)
)
MySQL:
CREATE TABLE Persons
(
P_Id int NOT NULL,
LastName varchar (255) NOT NULL,
FirstName varchar(255),
Address varchar(255),
City varchar (255),
CHECR (P_Id>0)
)
MySQL:
ALTER TABLE Persons
ALTER Country SET DEFAULT ‘Yangon’
DEFAULT Constraint
MySQL:
ALTER TABLE Persons
ALTER City DROP DEFAULT