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Jack Taylor-Crush

PAVLOV
Ian Petrovich Pavlov was a Russian scientist who became famous for his experiments
on dogs, discovering the phenomenon of “classical conditioning”. He also had many other
achievements, such as being awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine. He went to the
University of Saint Petersburg where he received his doctorate in 1879. He published his
book after twelve years of research, “The Work of the Digestive Glands”.

Pavlov also studied animal digestive systems, dissecting and surgically removing
different parts of them and removing nerve bundles to see the effects.

His famous experiment with dogs was a part of his research on “psychic secretion”,
and was a part of his experiments on animal’s digestive systems. “Psychic secretion”, as
Pavlov put it, was where dogs would salivate before food was given to them. In this story he
rang a bell as the dogs were eating. Later he rang the bell again, but didn’t feed the dogs.
They began to salivate, showing that they had become conditioned in a way that meant they
associated the bell ringing with eating. However, in his actual experiments he used a wide
variety of stimuli, including whistles and electric shocks. The saying “Pavlov’s dog” (referring
to a person who reacts instead of thinking) comes from this experiment.

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