ANCOVA-APPLICATION

N1 = 30
NO. OF GROUPS = 2
EXP. GROUP CONT. GROUP
NO. Pre T (X1) Post T (Y1) Pre T(X2) Post T (Y2) X12 X22 Y12
1 2 3 0 3 4 0 9
2 1 4 0 1 1 0 16
3 0.5 1 1 5 0.25 1 1
4 1 5 0 2 1 0 25
5 1 6 0 1 1 0 36
6 1 5 2 4 1 4 25
7 1 6 0 3 1 0 36
8 0.5 4 0 5 0.25 0 16
9 0 4 0 4 0 0 16
10 1 3 0 2 1 0 9
11 0 3 0 2 0 0 9
12 0.5 2 0 4 0.25 0 4
13 0.5 1 0 3 0.25 0 1
14 0 2 0 2 0 0 4
15 0 3 1 4 0 1 9
16 0.5 5 0 3 0.25 0 25
17 0.5 4 0 3 0.25 0 16
18 0 7 0 6 0 0 49
19 0 6 0 2 0 0 36
20 1 6 0 3 1 0 36
21 0.5 5 1 4 0.25 1 25
22 0.5 2 0 3 0.25 0 4
23 0 5 1 4 0 1 25
24 0.5 5 0 4 0.25 0 25
25 0 4 2 3 0 4 16
26 0 2 2 2 0 4 4
27 0.5 5 1 2 0.25 1 25
28 1 4 0 4 1 0 16
29 0 5 0 2 0 0 25
30 0 1 0 0 0 0 1
31 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
32 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
33 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
34 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
35 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
36 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
37 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
38 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
39 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
40 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL 15 118 11 90 14.5 17 544
Y1 X2 Y2 X12 X22 Y12

TOTAL 26 Y= 208 XY= 99 X2 =

STEP I STEP II STEP III
CX 11.3 SS TX 20.2 SS AX
CY 721.1 SS TY 142.9 SS AY
CXY 90.1 SS TXY 8.9 SS AXY

STEP IV
SS WX 19.97
SSWY 129.87
SS WXY 7.00

STEP V
SOV DF SS X SS Y MS X(V X) MS Y (V Y) FX =
AM 1.00 0.27 13.1 0.27 13.07 FY =
WG 58.00 19.97 129.9 0.34 2.24
T 59.00 20.23 142.9 - -

STEP VI
SS WX 139.05
SSWY 127.41
SS WXY 11.64

ANCOVA
SOV DF SS X SS Y SS XY SS YX MS Y (V YX)
AM 1.00 0.27 13.1 1.87 11.64 11.64
WG 57.00 19.97 129.9 7.00 127.41 2.24
T 58.00 20.23 142.9 8.87 139.05
F YX=

STEP VII (a). STEP VII (b).

r Total = 0.16 b Total = 0.44
r A.Mean = 1.00 b A.Mean = 7.00
r W.Mean = 0.14 b W.Mean = 0.35

STEP VIII
GROUPS N MX MY MXY
EXP 30.00 0.50 3.9 3.91
CON 30.00 0.37 3.0 3.02
OF TOTAL 60.00 0.43 3.47 -

S Em = 0.39
t= 2.30
N

Y22 X1Y1 X2Y2

9 6 0
1 4 0
25 0.5 5
4 5 0
1 6 0
16 5 8
9 6 0
25 2 0
16 0 0
4 3 0
4 0 0
16 1 0
9 0.5 0
4 0 0
16 0 4
9 2.5 0
9 2 0
36 0 0
4 0 0
9 6 0
16 2.5 4
9 1 0
16 0 4
16 2.5 0
9 0 6
4 0 4
4 2.5 2
16 4 0
4 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
320 62 37
Y22 X1Y1 X2Y2

31.5 Y2 = 864
 0.3
13.1
1.9

0.77
5.84

SD YX

1.50

5.21
 ANCOVA-ANALYSIS(vb-s
N1 = 45
NO. OF GROUPS = 2
EXP. GROUP CONT. GROUP
NO. Pre T (X1) Post T (Y1) Pre T(X2) Post T (Y2) X12 X22 Y12
1 0 5 1 4 0 1 25
2 1.5 5 1 2 2.25 1 25
3 2 4 1 2.5 4 1 16
4 0 3 2 1.5 0 4 9
5 2.5 5 0 5 6.25 0 25
6 0 4 1.5 2.5 0 2.25 16
7 0 5 1.5 3 0 2.25 25
8 1 4.5 2 2.5 1 4 20.25
9 0 3.5 0.5 2 0 0.25 12.25
10 1.5 3 1 2.5 2.25 1 9
11 2 5 2 5 4 4 25
12 1 5 1 1 1 1 25
13 0 3.5 0 2 0 0 12.25
14 2.5 3 1.5 1.5 6.25 2.25 9
15 0 4.5 2 5 0 4 20.25
16 2 5 0 3.5 4 0 25
17 1 4.5 2.5 2 1 6.25 20.25
18 0 5 0 2 0 0 25
19 0 5 2 4 0 4 25
20 1.5 4.5 0 2 2.25 0 20.25
21 0 3 1.5 1 0 2.25 9
22 2 4 2.5 5 4 6.25 16
23 0 3.5 0 2.5 0 0 12.25
24 2 5 2 1 4 4 25
25 2 3.5 1.5 2 4 2.25 12.25
26 0 5 1 5 0 1 25
27 0.5 5 0 1 0.25 0 25
28 1 3.5 2.5 1 1 6.25 12.25
29 0 4.5 0 0 0 0 20.25
30 1 2 0 3.5 1 0 4
31 1 5 1 2 1 1 25
32 0 2.5 1 2.5 0 1 6.25
33 0 4 0 4 0 0 16
34 1.5 3 2 2 2.25 4 9
35 0 2 0 1.5 0 0 4
36 1 4 0 1.5 1 0 16
37 1.5 5 1 2 2.25 1 25
38 2 3.5 2.5 2 4 6.25 12.25
39 0.5 5 0 2.5 0.25 0 25
40 1 4 0.5 2 1 0.25 16
41 1 3.5 1 2 1 1 12.25
42 0 5 0 1.5 0 0 25
43 0 4 0 1 0 0 16
 44 1.5 4.5 2.5 3.5 2.25 6.25 20.25
45 2 4 1 3 4 1 16
TOTAL 40 185 46 110.5 67.5 82 794.5
x1 Y1 X2 Y2 X12 X22 Y12

TOTAL x1 86 Y= 295.5 XY= 287.75 X2 =

SD 0.85206 0.8783 0.891599 1.255996
STEP I STEP II STEP III
CX 82.2 SS TX 67.3 SS AX
CY 970.2 SS TY 165.0 SS AY
CXY 282.4 SS TXY 5.4 SS AXY

STEP IV
SS WX 66.92
SSWY 103.36
SS WXY 10.35

STEP V
SOV DF SS X SS Y MS X(V X) MS Y (V Y) FX =
AM 1.00 0.40 61.7 0.40 61.67 FY =
WG 88.00 66.92 103.4 0.76 1.17
T 89.00 67.32 165.0 - -

STEP VI
SS WX 164.59
SSWY 101.75
SS WXY 62.84

ANCOVA
SOV DF SS X SS Y SS XY SS YX MS Y (V YX)
AM 1.00 0.40 61.7 -4.97 62.84 62.84
WG 87.00 66.92 103.4 10.35 101.75 1.17
T 88.00 67.32 165.0 5.38 164.59
F YX=

STEP VII (a). STEP VII (b).

r Total = 0.05 b Total = 0.08
r A.Mean = -1.00 b A.Mean = -12.42
r W.Mean = 0.12 b W.Mean = 0.15

STEP VIII
GROUPS N MX MY MXY
EXP 45.00 0.89 4.1 4.12
CON 45.00 1.02 2.5 2.45
OF TOTAL 90.00 0.96 3.28 -

S Em = 0.23
t= 7.35
s

Y22 X1Y1 X2Y2

16 0 4
4 7.5 2
6.25 8 2.5
2.25 0 3
25 12.5 0
6.25 0 3.75
9 0 4.5
6.25 4.5 5
4 0 1
6.25 4.5 2.5
25 10 10
1 5 1
4 0 0
2.25 7.5 2.25
25 0 10
12.25 10 0
4 4.5 5
4 0 0
16 0 8
4 6.75 0
1 0 1.5
25 8 12.5
6.25 0 0
1 10 2
4 7 3
25 0 5
1 2.5 0
1 3.5 2.5
0 0 0
12.25 2 0
4 5 2
6.25 0 2.5
16 0 0
4 4.5 4
2.25 0 0
2.25 4 0
4 7.5 2
4 7 5
6.25 2.5 0
4 4 1
4 3.5 2
2.25 0 0
1 0 0
 12.25 6.75 8.75
9 8 3
340.75 166.5 121.25
Y22 X1Y1 X2Y2

149.5 Y2 = 1135

0.4
61.7
-5.0

0.53
52.51

SD YX

1.08

53.73
 ANCOVA-ANALYSIS(vb-application)
N1 = 45
NO. OF GROUPS = 2
EXP. GROUP CONT. GROUP
NO. Pre T (X1) Post T (Y1) Pre T(X2) Post T (Y2) X12 X22 Y12
1 0 3 0 3 0 0 9
2 0.5 4 0 2 0.25 0 16
3 0 2.5 0 0 0 0 6.25
4 0 2 0 1.5 0 0 4
5 0 4 0 3.5 0 0 16
6 0 3 0 1 0 0 9
7 0 3.5 0 1 0 0 12.25
8 0 2.5 0 0 0 0 6.25
9 0 2 0 0 0 0 4
10 0.5 2.5 0 1 0.25 0 6.25
11 0 3 0.5 1.5 0 0.25 9
12 0 3 0 3.5 0 0 9
13 0 4 0 0 0 0 16
14 0.5 2 0 0 0.25 0 4
15 0 3.5 0 3 0 0 12.25
16 0 4 0 2 0 0 16
17 0.5 2.5 0.5 0 0.25 0.25 6.25
18 0 4 0 0 0 0 16
19 0 3.5 0 2 0 0 12.25
20 0 2.5 0 0 0 0 6.25
21 0 3 0 2 0 0 9
22 0 3 0 2 0 0 9
23 0 3 0 0 0 0 9
24 0 3 0 5 0 0 9
25 0.5 2 0 1.5 0.25 0 4
26 0 3.5 0 3.5 0 0 12.25
27 0 4 0 0 0 0 16
28 0 3.5 0 2 0 0 12.25
29 0 3 0 0 0 0 9
30 0 4 0 2 0 0 16
31 0 3 0 1.5 0 0 9
32 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
33 0 1.5 0 1 0 0 2.25
34 0 1 0.5 0 0 0.25 1
35 0 1 0.5 0.5 0 0.25 1
36 0 2.5 0 1 0 0 6.25
37 0.5 3 0 1 0.25 0 9
38 0 3 0 1 0 0 9
39 0 2 0 0 0 0 4
40 0 3.5 0 1.5 0 0 12.25
41 0 3.5 0 2 0 0 12.25
42 0 2.5 0 2 0 0 6.25
43 0 4 0 1.5 0 0 16
 44 0 2.5 0 2 0 0 6.25
45 0 3 0 2 0 0 9
TOTAL 3 129 2 60 1.5 1 405
x1 Y1 X2 Y2 X12 X22 Y12

TOTAL x1 5 Y= 189 XY= 9 X2 =

SD 0.17189 0.8944 0.1439 1.210747
STEP I STEP II STEP III
CX 0.3 SS TX 2.2 SS AX
CY 396.9 SS TY 152.6 SS AY
CXY 10.5 SS TXY -1.5 SS AXY

STEP IV
SS WX 2.21
SSWY 99.70
SS WXY -2.27

STEP V
SOV DF SS X SS Y MS X(V X) MS Y (V Y) FX =
AM 1.00 0.01 52.9 0.01 52.90 FY =
WG 88.00 2.21 99.7 0.03 1.13
T 89.00 2.22 152.6 - -

STEP VI
SS WX 151.59
SSWY 97.38
SS WXY 54.21

ANCOVA
SOV DF SS X SS Y SS XY SS YX MS Y (V YX)
AM 1.00 0.01 52.9 0.77 54.21 54.21
WG 87.00 2.21 99.7 -2.27 97.38 1.12
T 88.00 2.22 152.6 -1.50 151.59
F YX=

STEP VII (a). STEP VII (b).

r Total = -0.08 b Total = -0.68
r A.Mean = 1.00 b A.Mean = 69.00
r W.Mean = -0.15 b W.Mean = -1.03

STEP VIII
GROUPS N MX MY MXY
EXP 45.00 0.07 2.9 2.88
CON 45.00 0.04 1.3 1.32
OF TOTAL 90.00 0.06 2.10 -

S Em = 0.22
t= 6.98
cation)

Y22 X1Y1 X2Y2

9 0 0
4 2 0
0 0 0
2.25 0 0
12.25 0 0
1 0 0
1 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
1 1.25 0
2.25 0 0.75
12.25 0 0
0 0 0
0 1 0
9 0 0
4 0 0
0 1.25 0
0 0 0
4 0 0
0 0 0
4 0 0
4 0 0
0 0 0
25 0 0
2.25 1 0
12.25 0 0
0 0 0
4 0 0
0 0 0
4 0 0
2.25 0 0
0 0 0
1 0 0
0 0 0
0.25 0 0.25
1 0 0
1 1.5 0
1 0 0
0 0 0
2.25 0 0
4 0 0
4 0 0
2.25 0 0
 4 0 0
4 0 0
144.5 8 1
Y22 X1Y1 X2Y2

2.5 Y2 = 549.5

0.0
52.9
0.8

0.44
46.69

SD YX

1.06

48.43
 ANCOVA-ANALYSIS(vb-comprehension)
N1 = 45
NO. OF GROUPS = 2
EXP. GROUP CONT. GROUP
NO. Pre T (X1) Post T (Y1) Pre T(X2) Post T (Y2) X12 X22 Y12
1 0 8 0.5 7 0 0.25 64
2 1 7 0.5 5 1 0.25 49
3 1 7 0 6 1 0 49
4 2 7.5 0 6 4 0 56.25
5 1 8.5 0.5 9.5 1 0.25 72.25
6 2 7 0.5 3.5 4 0.25 49
7 0 8.5 0.5 5 0 0.25 72.25
8 1 9.5 0 5 1 0 90.25
9 0 3 1.5 4 0 2.25 9
10 1 7 0.5 6 1 0.25 49
11 0 7 0.5 8 0 0.25 49
12 0.5 8 0 4 0.25 0 64
13 1.5 9.5 0.5 3 2.25 0.25 90.25
14 1 5.5 1 3.5 1 1 30.25
15 2 7.5 0 7 4 0 56.25
16 1.5 9 2 8 2.25 4 81
17 0 9.5 1.5 6 0 2.25 90.25
18 0.5 10 1 5 0.25 1 100
19 1 9.5 1.5 4 1 2.25 90.25
20 0 7 0 4 0 0 49
21 1 8.5 1 4 1 1 72.25
22 2 5.5 1 7 4 1 30.25
23 1.5 5.5 0 2.5 2.25 0 30.25
24 1 8.5 0 2 1 0 72.25
25 1.5 6 0 6.5 2.25 0 36
26 1 10.5 0 6.5 1 0 110.25
27 2 9 2 3 4 4 81
28 1.5 8 0 6 2.25 0 64
29 1 8.5 1 6.5 1 1 72.25
30 1 7 1 7.5 1 1 49
31 1.5 6.5 0.5 6.5 2.25 0.25 42.25
32 0.5 5 1.5 5 0.25 2.25 25
33 2 7.5 0 5 4 0 56.25
34 2 8 0 4 4 0 64
35 1 4 0.5 3 1 0.25 16
36 2 6.5 2 3 4 4 42.25
37 0.5 7.5 0.5 6 0.25 0.25 56.25
38 2 9 1.5 5 4 2.25 81
39 0.5 5 1 3 0.25 1 25
40 0 7.5 2 4 0 4 56.25
41 0.5 9 1.5 5 0.25 2.25 81
42 0.5 8.5 0.5 4 0.25 0.25 72.25
43 1 10 0 4 1 0 100
 44 1.5 9.5 1.5 6.5 2.25 2.25 90.25
45 0 6 0 5 0 0 36
TOTAL 46 342 31.5 230 67.5 41.75 2721.5
x1 Y1 X2 Y2 X12 X22 Y12

TOTAL x1 77.5 Y= 572 XY= 512.5 X2 =

SD 0.68221 1.6672 0.669124 1.664772
STEP I STEP II STEP III
CX 66.7 SS TX 42.5 SS AX
CY 3635.4 SS TY 383.6 SS AY
CXY 492.6 SS TXY 19.9 SS AXY

STEP IV
SS WX 40.18
SSWY 244.24
SS WXY 1.90

STEP V
SOV DF SS X SS Y MS X(V X) MS Y (V Y) FX =
AM 1.00 2.34 139.4 2.34 139.38 FY =
WG 88.00 40.18 244.2 0.46 2.78
T 89.00 42.51 383.6 - -

STEP VI
SS WX 374.27
SSWY 244.15
SS WXY 130.11

ANCOVA
SOV DF SS X SS Y SS XY SS YX MS Y (V YX)
AM 1.00 2.34 139.4 18.04 130.11 130.11
WG 87.00 40.18 244.2 1.90 244.15 2.81
T 88.00 42.51 383.6 19.94 374.27
F YX=

STEP VII (a). STEP VII (b).

r Total = 0.16 b Total = 0.47
r A.Mean = 1.00 b A.Mean = 7.72
r W.Mean = 0.02 b W.Mean = 0.05

STEP VIII
GROUPS N MX MY MXY
EXP 45.00 1.02 7.6 7.59
CON 45.00 0.70 5.1 5.12
OF TOTAL 90.00 0.86 6.36 -

S Em = 0.35
t= 7.00
hension)

Y22 X1Y1 X2Y2

49 0 3.5
25 7 2.5
36 7 0
36 15 0
90.25 8.5 4.75
12.25 14 1.75
25 0 2.5
25 9.5 0
16 0 6
36 7 3
64 0 4
16 4 0
9 14.25 1.5
12.25 5.5 3.5
49 15 0
64 13.5 16
36 0 9
25 5 5
16 9.5 6
16 0 0
16 8.5 4
49 11 7
6.25 8.25 0
4 8.5 0
42.25 9 0
42.25 10.5 0
9 18 6
36 12 0
42.25 8.5 6.5
56.25 7 7.5
42.25 9.75 3.25
25 2.5 7.5
25 15 0
16 16 0
9 4 1.5
9 13 6
36 3.75 3
25 18 7.5
9 2.5 3
16 0 8
25 4.5 7.5
16 4.25 2
16 10 0
 42.25 14.25 9.75
25 0 0
1297.5 353.5 159
Y22 X1Y1 X2Y2

109.25 Y2 = 4019

2.3
139.4
18.0

5.12
50.22

SD YX

1.68

46.36
 ANCOVA-ANALYSIS(vb-knowledge)
N1 = 30
NO. OF GROUPS = 2
EXP. GROUP CONT. GROUP
NO. Pre T (X1) Post T (Y1) Pre T(X2) Post T (Y2) X12 X22 Y12
1 1 2 1 1 1 1 4
2 0 2 1 0 0 1 4
3 0 1 1 1 0 1 1
4 1 2 0 1 1 0 4
5 1 1 0 1 1 0 1
6 1 2 0 0 1 0 4
7 0 1 0 1 0 0 1
8 0 2 1 1 0 1 4
9 0 1 1 2 0 1 1
10 1 1 1 0 1 1 1
11 0 3 0 0 0 0 9
12 0 4 1 1 0 1 16
13 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
14 0 1 0 2 0 0 1
15 0 1 0 2 0 0 1
16 0 2 0 1 0 0 4
17 1 2 1 2 1 1 4
18 0 2 1 1 0 1 4
19 0 2 1 1 0 1 4
20 1 1 0 1 1 0 1
21 0 1 0 1 0 0 1
22 0 1 1 1 0 1 1
23 0 1 1 1 0 1 1
24 1 2 0 1 1 0 4
25 0 1 1 2 0 1 1
26 0 0 1 0 0 1 0
27 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
28 0 1 1 1 0 1 1
29 0 1 0 1 0 0 1
30 0 2 0 1 0 0 4
31 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
32 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
33 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
34 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
35 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
36 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
37 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
38 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
39 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
40 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
41 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
42 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
43 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 44 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
45 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL 8 44 16 28 8 16 84
x1 Y1 X2 Y2 X12 X22 Y12

TOTAL x1 24 Y= 72 XY= 28 X2 =
SD 0.38665 0.965 0.48409 0.683869
STEP I STEP II STEP III
CX 9.6 SS TX 14.4 SS AX
CY 86.4 SS TY 35.6 SS AY
CXY 28.8 SS TXY -0.8 SS AXY

STEP IV
SS WX 13.33
SSWY 31.33
SS WXY 1.33

STEP V
SOV DF SS X SS Y MS X(V X) MS Y (V Y) FX =
AM 1.00 1.07 4.3 1.07 4.27 FY =
WG 58.00 13.33 31.3 0.23 0.54
T 59.00 14.40 35.6 - -

STEP VI
SS WX 35.56
SSWY 31.20
SS WXY 4.36

ANCOVA
SOV DF SS X SS Y SS XY SS YX MS Y (V YX)
AM 1.00 1.07 4.3 -2.13 4.36 4.36
WG 57.00 13.33 31.3 1.33 31.20 0.55
T 58.00 14.40 35.6 -0.80 35.56
F YX=

STEP VII (a). STEP VII (b).

r Total = -0.04 b Total = -0.06
r A.Mean = -1.00 b A.Mean = -2.00
r W.Mean = 0.07 b W.Mean = 0.10

STEP VIII
GROUPS N MX MY MXY
EXP 30.00 0.27 1.5 1.48
CON 30.00 0.53 0.9 0.92
OF TOTAL 60.00 0.40 1.20 -

S Em = 0.19
t= 2.93
wledge)

Y22 X1Y1 X2Y2

1 2 1
0 0 0
1 0 1
1 2 0
1 1 0
0 2 0
1 0 0
1 0 1
4 0 2
0 1 0
0 0 0
1 0 1
0 0 0
4 0 0
4 0 0
1 0 0
4 2 2
1 0 1
1 0 1
1 1 0
1 0 0
1 0 1
1 0 1
1 2 0
4 0 2
0 0 0
0 0 0
1 0 1
1 0 0
1 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
 0 0 0
0 0 0
38 13 15
Y22 X1Y1 X2Y2

24 Y2 = 122

1.1
4.3
-2.1

4.64
7.90

SD YX

0.74

7.96
 ANCOVA-ANALYSIS(GDA -C M)
N1 = 40
NO. OF GROUPS = 2
EXP. GROUP CONT. GROUP
NO. Pre T (X1) Post T (Y1) Pre T(X2) Post T (Y2) X12 X22 Y12
1 2 14 1 8 4 1 196
2 4 16 3 11 16 9 256
3 6 12 5 15 36 25 144
4 3 18 2 10 9 4 324
5 2 21 1 7 4 1 441
6 5 19 7 16 25 49 361
7 4 21 3 11 16 9 441
8 7 17 4 13 49 16 289
9 6 15 3 10 36 9 225
10 4 14 2 10 16 4 196
11 5 16 1 8 25 1 256
12 2 13 6 13 4 36 169
13 2 12 2 10 4 4 144
14 1 9 1 7 1 1 81
15 3 13 5 15 9 25 169
16 8 21 2 9 64 4 441
17 4 17 3 11 16 9 289
18 5 19 2 13 25 4 361
19 7 20 1 9 49 1 400
20 2 16 3 10 4 9 256
21 3 14 5 12 9 25 196
22 1 10 1 8 1 1 100
23 5 16 4 12 25 16 256
24 6 19 3 11 36 9 361
25 3 17 7 15 9 49 289
26 1 8 6 9 1 36 64
27 8 22 2 7 64 4 484
28 5 18 5 13 25 25 324
29 2 15 1 8 4 1 225
30 1 11 3 10 1 9 121
31 7 21 4 12 49 16 441
32 6 20 4 13 36 16 400
33 3 17 3 9 9 9 289
34 2 12 5 14 4 25 144
35 4 16 1 6 16 1 256
36 1 7 1 7 1 1 49
37 6 21 2 8 36 4 441
38 3 18 5 12 9 25 324
39 2 14 7 14 4 49 196
40 5 19 8 15 25 64 361
41 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
42 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
43 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 44 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
45 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL 156 638 134 431 776 606 10760
x1 Y1 X2 Y2 X12 X22 Y12

TOTAL x1 290 Y= 1069 XY= 4336 X2 =

SD 2.31202 6.2424 2.16888 4.266619
STEP I STEP II STEP III
CX 1051.3 SS TX 330.8 SS AX
CY 14284.5 SS TY 1404.5 SS AY
CXY 3875.1 SS TXY 460.9 SS AXY

STEP IV
SS WX 324.70
SSWY 868.88
SS WXY 403.95

STEP V
SOV DF SS X SS Y MS X(V X) MS Y (V Y) FX =
AM 1.00 6.05 535.6 6.05 535.61 FY =
WG 78.00 324.70 868.9 4.16 11.14
T 79.00 330.75 1404.5 - -

STEP VI
SS WX 762.29
SSWY 366.33
SS WXY 395.96

ANCOVA
SOV DF SS X SS Y SS XY SS YX MS Y (V YX)
AM 1.00 6.05 535.6 56.93 395.96 395.96
WG 77.00 324.70 868.9 403.95 366.33 4.76
T 78.00 330.75 1404.5 460.88 762.29
F YX=

STEP VII (a). STEP VII (b).

r Total = 0.68 b Total = 1.39
r A.Mean = 1.00 b A.Mean = 9.41
r W.Mean = 0.76 b W.Mean = 1.24

STEP VIII
GROUPS N MX MY MXY
EXP 40.00 3.90 16.0 15.61
CON 40.00 3.35 10.8 11.12
OF TOTAL 80.00 3.63 13.36 -

S Em = 0.49
t= 9.21
C M)

Y22 X1Y1 X2Y2

64 28 8
121 64 33
225 72 75
100 54 20
49 42 7
256 95 112
121 84 33
169 119 52
100 90 30
100 56 20
64 80 8
169 26 78
100 24 20
49 9 7
225 39 75
81 168 18
121 68 33
169 95 26
81 140 9
100 32 30
144 42 60
64 10 8
144 80 48
121 114 33
225 51 105
81 8 54
49 176 14
169 90 65
64 30 8
100 11 30
144 147 48
169 120 52
81 51 27
196 24 70
36 64 6
49 7 7
64 126 16
144 54 60
196 28 98
225 95 120
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
 0 0 0
0 0 0
4929 2713 1623
Y22 X1Y1 X2Y2

1382 Y2 = 15689

6.0
535.6
56.9

1.45
48.08

SD YX

2.18

83.23
 ANCOVA-ANALYSIS(under)
N1 = 30
NO. OF GROUPS = 2
EXP. GROUP CONT. GROUP
NO. Pre T (X1) Post T (Y1) Pre T(X2) Post T (Y2) X12 X22 Y12
1 1 2 1 2 1 1 4
2 1 3 1 1 1 1 9
3 0 4 2 1 0 4 16
4 0 3 0 1 0 0 9
5 2 2 0 1 4 0 4
6 2 3 0 0 4 0 9
7 2 2 1 2 4 1 4
8 1 4 1 2 1 1 16
9 1 1 0 1 1 0 1
10 2 3 0 0 4 0 9
11 2 4 0 1 4 0 16
12 2 4 1 1 4 1 16
13 1 3 2 1 1 4 9
14 2 2 0 2 4 0 4
15 1 2 1 2 1 1 4
16 2 3 0 2 4 0 9
17 2 4 1 2 4 1 16
18 1 3 1 2 1 1 9
19 1 3 1 1 1 1 9
20 2 2 0 1 4 0 4
21 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
22 2 2 1 1 4 1 4
23 2 2 1 1 4 1 4
24 2 2 0 2 4 0 4
25 2 1 1 2 4 1 1
26 1 1 1 0 1 1 1
27 1 2 1 0 1 1 4
28 1 2 0 1 1 0 4
29 1 1 0 1 1 0 1
30 1 3 1 1 1 1 9
31 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
32 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
33 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
34 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
35 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
36 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
37 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
38 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
39 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
40 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
41 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
42 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
43 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 44 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
45 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL 42 74 20 36 70 24 210
x1 Y1 X2 Y2 X12 X22 Y12

TOTAL x1 62 Y= 110 XY= 128 X2 =

STEP I STEP II STEP III
CX 64.1 SS TX 29.9 SS AX
CY 201.7 SS TY 64.3 SS AY
CXY 113.7 SS TXY 14.3 SS AXY

STEP IV
SS WX 21.87
SSWY 40.27
SS WXY 0.40

STEP V
SOV DF SS X SS Y MS X(V X) MS Y (V Y) FX =
AM 1.00 8.07 24.1 8.07 24.07 FY =
WG 58.00 21.87 40.3 0.38 0.69
T 59.00 29.93 64.3 - -

STEP VI
SS WX 57.47
SSWY 40.26
SS WXY 17.21

ANCOVA
SOV DF SS X SS Y SS XY SS YX MS Y (V YX)
AM 1.00 8.07 24.1 13.93 17.21 17.21
WG 57.00 21.87 40.3 0.40 40.26 0.71
T 58.00 29.93 64.3 14.33 57.47
F YX=

STEP VII (a). STEP VII (b).

r Total = 0.33 b Total = 0.48
r A.Mean = 1.00 b A.Mean = 1.73
r W.Mean = 0.01 b W.Mean = 0.02

STEP VIII
GROUPS N MX MY MXY
EXP 30.00 1.40 2.5 2.46
CON 30.00 0.67 1.2 1.21
OF TOTAL 60.00 1.03 1.83 -

S Em = 0.22
t= 5.78
er)

Y22 X1Y1 X2Y2

4 2 2
1 3 1
1 0 2
1 0 0
1 4 0
0 6 0
4 4 2
4 4 2
1 1 0
0 6 0
1 8 0
1 8 1
1 3 2
4 4 0
4 2 2
4 6 0
4 8 2
4 3 2
1 3 1
1 4 0
1 1 1
1 4 1
1 4 1
4 4 0
4 2 2
0 1 0
0 2 0
1 2 0
1 1 0
1 3 1
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
 0 0 0
0 0 0
56 103 25
Y22 X1Y1 X2Y2

94 Y2 = 266

8.1
24.1
13.9

21.40
34.67

SD YX

0.84

24.37