WATER POLLUTION AND

ITS
CONTROL

SUBMITTED BY- SUBMITTED TO-

HEMRAJ SINGH Mr. DINESH BHATT
(M.Sc 2nd sem.)
INTRODUCTION
 “Water pollution altogether nullifies the
suitability of water resources for human
consumption or for the support of man’s
natural life process”.
(Felfoldy 1982)
Pollution of water bodies is increasing
tremendosaly due to rapid population
growth, urbanisation and industrilisation.
Signs of water pollution
 (a) Bad taste of drinking water.
 (b) Offensive odours from water bodies.
 (c) Uncheked growth of aquatic weeds in

water.
 (d) Decrease in number of fish in fressh

water.
 (e) Oil and grease floating in water surfaces.
Causes of water pollution
 (a) Natural processes -: in which the
decomposed vegitable and animal matter
deteriorate the water bodies.

 (b) Anthropogenic processes -: such as

industrial, agricultural, urban, domestic,
mining etc. pour pollutants constantly into
water bodies.
Classification of water pollution
 It can be classified into 4 categories such as-:

 (a) Physical pollution

 (b) Chemical pollution

 (c) Biological pollution

 (d) Physiological pollution

Types of water pollution
 (a) Ground water pollution-: Today human
activities are constantly adding numerous wastes
to ground water resourviour at an alarming rate.
Main pollutants of ground water pollution are
mercury, arsenic, lead, nitrate and flouride.

 Main sources of ground water pollution are

domestic wastes, industrial effluents,
agricultural wastes, mine spiles, run off of urban
areas.
(b) Surface water pollution
 The emergence of industrial revolution
encouraged the growth of factories which
grosly polluted the surface water of rivers,
oceans, ponds and lakes etc.

 Main sources of surface water pollution are

sewage and waste, industrial effluents,
perticulates and atmospheric gases,
infactious agents, thermal pollutants.
(c) River water pollution
Rivers are the most dynamic water resources of the
earth’s ecosystem.Major world rivers such as
Amazon,Nile,HoangHo are severely polluted and
major 14 rivres of India has been polluted due to
rapid urbanisation and industrilisation.

Main sources of river water pollution is discharge of

untreated sewage disposal and industrial effluents
directly into rivers.River Ganga alone receive sewage
of 29 class 1 cities and industrial effluents of about
300 industries.
WATER POLLUTION
AND
ITS CONTROL