Chemotherapy of tuberculosis---

Tuberculosis-

Tuberculosis is a infectious disease caused by the micobacteria

or mycobacterium like m.bovis and m.tuberculosis.

tuberculosis usually attacks the lungs but can also affect other parts of the body

it spread through the air when people who have active mtb infection
cough,sneeze,or split.

Symptoms of tuberculosis.

Chest pain, caufing up blood and productive prolonged caugh for mor then three
weeks other symtoms are fiver, chills, night sweat, appetite loss,weight loss,
pallor and fatigue.

This occurs most commonly in immunosuppresed persons and young children

Drugs used in the treatment of tuberculosis---

Primary
drugs
b Isonicoti
nic acid
a
hydrazi
ct de,rifam
er picin,str
ic eptomy
cin,pyra
id zinamid
al e.

b Ethamb
utol,par
a
a amino
ct salicycli
 er c
acid,thi
io
acetazo
st ne
a
ti
c

Second
ary
drugs
a b Ca
pre
a
om
ct yci
e n,k
ri an
am
ci yci
d n
al
b b Eth
ion
a
am
ct ide
e ,Cy
ri clo
ser
o ine
st
a
ti
c

Mode of action-- isonicotinic acid hydrazide

It is a tuberculocidal drug. It inhibits the phospholipid synthesis and damages the cell membrane of the
bacteria. It also inhibits the synthesis of rna and dna in bacteria. It also inhibits various oxidative
enzymes.

It also inhibits the synthesis of macollic acid reqired for mycobacterial cell wall ( which are fatal to
bacteria)

Mode of action – streptomycin

1. Streptomycin combines with bacterial ribosomes this prevents rna ribosomal combination.
2. Streptomycin induces bacterial ribosomes to synthesize wrong amino acids and proteins which
may lead to the death of bacteria.
3. Inhibition of enzymes like xanthine oxidase. Which may lead to death of bacteria.

Adverse reactions of anti tuberculosis drugs----

1. Intolerance like fever or jaundice.
2. Cns effects like convulsions and psychosis.
3. Peripheral neuritis.
4. Nausea, vomiting, skin rahes, albuminuria