KVIC AND DEENBANDHU

BIOGAS PLANTS

Submitted by : Bhaskar Joshi

What is biogas ??
 Biogas typically refers to a gas produced by the
biological breakdown of organic matter in the
absence of oxygen.
 Biogas is produced by anaerobic digestion or
fermentation of biodegradable materials such as
biomass, manure, sewage, municipal waste, green
waste, plant material and energy crops.
 This type of biogas comprises primarily methane
and carbon dioxide.
Uses of Biogas
 The gases methane, hydrogen and carbon monoxide can be
combusted or oxidized with oxygen. Air contains 21%
oxygen. This energy release allows biogas to be used as a
fuel.
 Biogas can be used as a low-cost fuel in any country for any
heating purpose, such as cooking.
 It can also be used in modern waste management facilities
where it can be used to run any type of heat engine, to
generate either mechanical or electrical power.
 Biogas can be compressed, much like natural gas, and used
to power motor vehicles.
 In the UK, for example, it is estimated to have the potential
to replace around 17% of vehicle fuel.
Major advantages of biogas
 Visible improvement in rural hygiene.
 Environmental benefits on a global scale.
 Protects the earth's natural resources.
 Eco friendly energy production.
 Boon for the rural economy.
Biogas Plants
 A biogas plant is the name often given to an
anaerobic digester that treats farm wastes or energy
crops.
 These plants can be fed with energy crops such as
maize silage or biodegradable wastes including
sewage sludge and food waste.
 During the process, an air-tight tank transforms
biomass waste into methane producing renewable
energy that can be used for heating, electricity, and
many other operations.
A Typical biogas plant
Types of biogas plants
The most important types of biogas plants used in
INDIA are:

 Janata Fixed Dome type

 KVIC Floating Drum type
 Deenbandhu fixed dome type
 Shramik bandhu biogas plant
 KVIC Floating Drum Plant

 Initial cost of installation is more for the Khadi Village Industries

Commission plant.
 Cost or repair and maintenance during operation is relatively high.
 Steel gas holder needs to be replaced due to corrosion effect.
 Life of digester is expected to be 30 years and that of the gas holder is
5-7 years.
 Drum, which is exposed over the ground, does not allow the use of
space over the plant for other purposes.
 As the gas holder is metallic, the low temperature during winters
effects the gas production.
 Most suitable for dung and night soil, other organic materials may
clog the inlet pipe.
About KVIC Cont…..
 Construction of digester is simple and hence no
skilled labour is required but fabrication of gas
holder requires workshop facility
 Requires less excavation work during installation
 Location of defects in gas holder and its repair is
easy and can be done in the workshop
 Release of gas is at constant pressure because of
fixed weight of steel gas holder and hence
efficiency of plant is higher.
Typical KVIC biogas plant
Deenbandhu Fixed Dome Plant
 Capital investment for corresponding size of the plant
is less.
 As there are no moving parts, the maintenance cost is
high.
 Steel gas holder is not required.
 Life of the plant is expected to be comparatively more.
 As the unit is underground, the space above the plant
can be used for other purposes.
 Effect of low temperature is less.
About Deenbandhu Cont….
 Construction of dome portion of unit is a skilled
job and only trained mason can do it.
 Requires more excavation work.
 Location of defects in the dome and their repair is
difficult.
 Release of gas is at variable pressure and it may
cause reduction in efficiency of gas appliances.
 It could be easily modified and adopted for use of
other types of organic wastes.
A Deenbandhu biogas plant
Thank you 