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Strangers on a Train
Patricia Highsmith tells him that he hates his father, and suggests that he
should murder Miriam, who Guy doesn’t love any more
and wants to divorce, and Guy should murder his father,
who refuses to give him money. This would be the perfect
murder. Guy resolves never to see Bruno again, but Bruno
is mad, looks for Miriam and murders her.
Guy tries to live a normal life with his new fiancée,
Anne. But Bruno threatens to tell the police that Guy
paid him to kill Miriam unless Guy kills his father. Guy
feels trapped in the situation and finally breaks down
and murders Bruno’s father. From this point on Guy is
haunted by terrible guilt. He feels that he is split into two
men. He hates Bruno, but at the same time feels a close
About the author and terrible bond with him.
Patricia Highsmith was born in Texas in 1921. She was Meanwhile, a detective, Arthur Gerard, is on the trail of
an only child and her parents separated before her birth. Bruno and Guy. By now, Bruno is a friend of Anne’s. They
Her mother remarried and the family moved to New York, go sailing and Bruno, drunk as usual, falls into the sea and
where she went to school and college. drowns. Guy feels terribly lonely. He has lost ‘his brother’.
From an early age, Patricia was interested in people who He visits the man who was Miriam’s lover and confesses
behaved strangely. At the age of nine her favourite book the story of the murders. Unknown to him, Gerard is
was The Human Mind by Karl Menninger, a book of case listening. ‘Take me,’ says Guy.
histories of people with mental disturbances. Her early Chapters 1–2: Guy Haines is on a train, reading a book
stories were always about unusual or criminal behavior. At and thinking of Anne, the woman he loves. He meets
sixteen, she wrote A Mighty Nice Man, a story about a man Charles Bruno and they have dinner together. Bruno
who persuades two little girls to get into his car, but lets tells Guy that he hates his father, who refuses to give
them out for fear of being caught. One of the girls, talking him money. Guy tells Bruno that Miriam is pregnant
about him later says: “He was a mighty nice man.” and makes trouble about the divorce. Completely drunk,
Highsmith published short stories throughout her Bruno suggests he could kill Miriam and Guy could kill
twenties, and achieved worldwide success with her first Bruno’s father. Guy leaves Bruno’s room, disgusted, and
novel, Strangers on a Train, published when she was forgets his book. Once in Metcalf, his home town, Guy
twenty-eight. It was a best-seller and Alfred Hitchcock finds out that Miriam wants to move with him until her
made a film of it in 1951. From this point on, a steady fiancé gets his divorce. With his plan still in mind, Bruno
stream of novels and short stories followed. Her series of makes his first call.
novels about Tom Ripley became particularly notorious. Chapters 3–5: Guy tells Anne that he feels he hates
Highsmith was not only a highly successful writer of Miriam when he has to refuse a job in Florida because
suspense and crime fiction. She was also a talented painter she threatens to move there. But Miriam loses the baby
and sculptor, and exhibited part of her works. and Guy gets the job back. In the meantime, Bruno, on
She lived in England, France and Switzerland, where she holiday in Mexico with a frivolous mother, begins to plan
died in 1995. Miriam’s death from the details that Guy mentioned in
their conversation. At the station on his way to Metcalf,
Summary he meets his friend Wilson. Once in Metcalf, he finds
Strangers on a Train is a taut crime thriller. An American Miriam’s address in the directory, follows her in a taxi to
architect, Guy Haines, is on his way to his home town to an amusement park and strangles her. After a short visit
meet his wife, Miriam. On the train, he has dinner with to a bar, he goes back to the station and asks a taxi driver
a rich young man, Charles Bruno, who becomes drunk, where he can get a woman.
Strangers on a Train
Chapters 6–8: Guy is with Anne when his mother again. During an outing on the boat, drunk and feeling
phones to inform him of the murder. He gets stunned. unfit, Bruno falls to the water and drowns. Bruno’s death
He can’t remember what exactly he said to Bruno on the leaves Guy in utter loneliness. He cannot take all the
train. Guy tries to get Bruno out of his mind, but cards, responsibility for the crimes. He writes a letter to Anne
letters and phone calls confirm his fears: it was Bruno. and goes to see Owen, Miriam’s fiancé. In his own hotel
In his panic and guilt, Guy begins to lie. Meanwhile, in room and despite Owen’s indifference, Guy tells him the
California, Bruno feels powerful. He tells his mother he story of the crimes. Under the bed, the telephone is off the
has met Guy on a train when she sees his newspaper hook, and Gerard takes Guy.
cut-outs with stories about the murder. Bruno feels his
bond with Guy has given him a reason to live, so Guy’s Background and themes
rejection hurts him deeply. A few months later, he goes Strangers on a Train is a psychological study of madness,
back to Guy and threatens to involve him in Miriam’s entrapment, guilt, and complicity.
murder unless he kills his father. He writes, calls, sends Madness and entrapment: Highsmith explores how
Guy a plan, a weapon and a map of the house, and finally, both ordered and disordered lives can lead to “abnormal”
a letter to Anne. Guy keeps lying. behavior and disturbed minds. The limits of entrapment,
Chapters 9–10: After three months, Bruno sends a innocence and guilt, and madness and sanity fade as the
second letter, now to a company that is about to employ story develops and the reader is faced with a Guy who isn’t
Guy. Guy loses the job and decides that killing Bruno’s completely innocent and a Bruno that can be seen as a
father is the only way out of the trap he is in. And he kills victim.
him. Except for some pieces of his torn gloves that stay on The awakening of Guy’s destructive desires suggests that
some tree branches, a few scratches on his face and hands conflict between conscious behavior and subconscious
and a servant that sees him from afar, the plan works out, desire may trigger the criminal potential in anyone, and
and Guy can escape. The need to keep lying and his fear result in immoral action, the doubling of personality and
of losing Anne make him cry. the consequent ethical and psychological degradation.
Chapters 11–13: Arthur Gerard is Bruno’s father’s Guilt and complicity: Patricia Highsmith once
detective. He has reconstructed the murderer’s steps and commented that she is “interested in the effect of guilt”
suspects that Bruno may be involved in the crime. Bruno on her heroes. This novel is a study of guilt, and the kind
rejoices in the perfection of his plan, but he gets broken of pressures that destroy a man’s soul. The exploration of
when he overhears his ever-protective mother tell Gerard guilt also provokes a reflection on the definition and limits
that she would inform him of anything Bruno said. What of complicity.
if she remembered the cut-outs? Guy, in the meantime,
tries to fight his guilt and feels split into two men, the Discussion activities
murderer and the architect about to marry Anne. Bruno
turns up at the wedding and Guy feels on the edge of Chapters 1–2
being discovered. Before reading
1 Group work: In groups, students read the title of the
Chapters 14–16: Guy’s feeling of guilt and Bruno’s book and the chapter headings. They guess what the
feeling of rejection grow with Bruno’s successive visits. story may be about and who the “strangers on a train”
Gerard finds Bruno’s bills for his telephone calls to Metcalf are. Groups share their ideas and vote for the
prediction they like best.
and the flowers for Anne, as well as Guy’s book. The
waiter on the train has told him that Bruno and Guy had After reading
dinner together. Gerard asks questions to Bruno, Guy and 2 Discuss: Students work in groups. Ask them: What
kind of parents do you think Bruno has? What kind of
Anne.
childhood do you think he had? Why?
Chapters 17–19: Gerard tells the story to the police. He 3 Role play: Put students in pairs. Tell them: Imagine
knows what has happened but cannot prove it. Some time Miriam is telling Owen about her plans to go to Florida
with Guy. How do you think Owen reacts? Write and
later, the police stop asking questions. Guy is living in
role play their conversation. Ask students to keep their
Canada and Anne is pregnant. But Bruno turns up once conversations so they can compare them with Owen’s
feelings at the end of the novel.
Strangers on a Train
Chapters 3–5 13 Artwork: In groups, students make Bruno’s map.
Before reading On it, they write notes from his plan. They may
4 Guess: Students read the title of Chapter 3. In pairs include details of the house and surroundings that
they discuss what they think the good news is. aren’t mentioned in the narration but complete the
drawing. Maps are displayed on the classroom walls.
After reading
5 Discuss: Students work in groups. Tell them: Bruno is Chapters 11–13
a murderer and a bad man. But is he mad as well? Give Before reading
reasons for your opinion. 14 Guess: Students work in pairs. Tell them: In these
Have the groups report their conclusions to the class. chapters we learn that Guy won’t take any money for
Then divide the class into two groups and have them building something to try to fight his guilt. What do you
debate this question: If Bruno is mad, does this mean think he will build? Why? Pairs share their ideas with
he isn’t responsible for his actions? Should a mad person the class.
be punished?
6 Write: Tell students: An alibi is proof that a person After reading
was in another place when a crime was committed. 15 Role play: Students work in pairs. Tell them: Bruno is
Imagine Bruno is making up his alibi. Write what he afraid that his mother remembers the stories about Guy
can tell the police about what he was doing on the day from the newspaper. Imagine he has a conversation with
Miriam was murdered. Remember that some people saw her to try to find out if she does. Decide whether she
him. Students vote for the best alibi. remembers or not.