Chapter 2 – Squares, Square Roots, Cubes, Cube Roots

2.1 Square of Numbers

1. The square of a number is the product of the number multiplied by itself.

Ex: 7 x 7 = 72

2. The square of any number is always positive.

Ex:
 32= 3 x 3 = 9
 (-4)2= (-4) x (-4) = 16

3. The square of a number can be estimated.

Ex: 7.92 ≈ 82
≈ 64

4. Perfect squares are squares of whole numbers.

12 = 1, 22 = 4, 32 = 9, 42 = 16, 52 = 25, 62 = 36, 72 = 49 ,…..

2.2 Square Roots of Numbers

1. The square root of a positive number is the number which, when multiplied by itself,
gives the given positive number.

Ex: 6 x 6 = 36. Then the square root of 36 is 6.

2. The symbol for square root : √

Ex: Square root of 25 = √25 = 5

3. If m is positive, then √m2 = m

Ex: √49 = √72 = 7

 4. The square root of a fraction can be found by finding the square root of the numerator
and the denominator separately.

Ex:

5. The square root of a decimal can be found by first changing it to a fraction.

Ex:

2.3 Cube of Numbers

1. The cube of a number is the product of the number multiplied by itself twice.

Ex: 53 = 5 x 5 x 5 = 125. Then 125 is the cube of 5

2. The cube of a number can be estimated by determining the range in which the cube lies.

Ex: 43 < 4.853 < 53

64 < 4.85 < 125

2.4 Cube Roots of Numbers

1. The cube root of a number is the number which, when multiplied by itself twice, gives
the given number;

Ex: 6 x 6 x 6 = 216. Then the cube root of 216 is 6.

2. The symbol for cube root is

3. The cube root of a number can be estimated by first determining the range in which the
answer lies.

Ex: