Professional Documents
Culture Documents
7
MANAGING
DATA
RESOURCES
1. ORGANIZATIONAL OBSTACLES:
Challenges existing power structure,
requires organizational restructure
2. COST / BENEFIT CONSIDERATIONS:
Large initial costs, delayed benefits,
tangible, intangible
*
• DATA REDUNDANCY
• PROGRAM / DATA DEPENDENCY
• LACK OF FLEXIBILITY
• POOR SECURITY
• LACK OF DATA Flat File
SHARING &
AVAILABILITY
*
EMERGING STANDARD
DATA MANIPULATION LANGUAGE
FOR RELATIONAL DATABASES
*
DBM
7.16 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
ELEMENTS OF SQL
• SELECT: List of columns from tables
desired
• FROM: Identifies tables from which
columns will be selected
• WHERE: Includes conditions for
selecting specific rows, conditions for
joining multiple tables
*
DBM
7.17 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
TWO VIEWS OF DATA
*
DBM
7.18 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
RELATIONAL DATA MODEL
• DATA IN TABLE FORMAT
• RELATION: TABLE
• TUPLE: ROW (RECORD) IN TABLE
• FIELD: COLUMN (ATTRIBUTE) IN TABLE
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HOURS RATE TOTAL
ABLE $ 40.50 $ 10.35 $ 419.18
BAXTER $ 38.00 $ 8.75 $ 332.50
CHEN $ 42.70 $ 9.25 $ 394.98
DENVER $ 35.90 $ 9.50 $ 341.05
7.19 © 2002 by Prentice Hall
TYPES OR RELATIONS
ONE-TO-ONE: STUDENT ID
CLASS
ONE-TO-MANY:
STUDENT STUDENT STUDENT
A B C
CLASS CLASS
MANY-TO-MANY:
1 2
ROOT Employer
2nd
Ratings Salary Pension Insurance Health
CHILD
• VARIATION OF HIERARCHICAL
MODEL
• USEFUL FOR MANY-TO-MANY
RELATIONSHIPS
*
NETWORK NETWORK
1 2
• CONCEPTUAL DESIGN
• PHYSICAL DESIGN
*
DATA DATABASE
ADMINISTRATION TECHNOLOGY &
MANAGEMENT
DATABASE
MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM
DATA
PLANNING &
MODELING USERS
METHODOLOGY
CAN
HAVE
1
PART: #, DESCRIPTION, UNIT PRICE,
PART
SUPPLIER #
CAN
HAVE
1
OPERATIONAL,
HISTORICAL DATA
DATA WAREHOUSE
EXTRACT, DATA
INTERNAL TRANSFORM ACCESS &
ANALYSIS
DATA
SOURCES
QUERIES &
REPORTS
INFORMATION
DIRECTORY OLAP
DATA MINING
EXTERNAL
DATA
SOURCES
7
MANAGING
DATA
RESOURCES