Chapter 8: Differentiation

STATIONARY POINT/TURNING POINT

Determination of Stationary Point/Turning Point Given a function

y = f (x)

and a point z

(a, f (a))

is called a stationary point / turning point if its derivatives is equal to ZERO

f (a) = 0 or

d2 y dy = 0 , where = 0 at x = a and its dx2 dx

d2 y is the second derivative of y dx2

Determination of Maximum and Minimum Points To determine the nature of the turning point, i.e. if it is maximum or minimum point we apply the second derivatives,

d2 y dx2

of the function

If

d2 y > 0 positive at the point x = a then it is minimum point dx2 d2 y < 0 negative at the point x = a then it is maximum point dx2

If

Determine the nature of the function If it has minimum point -> the function has 'u shape', then it is increasing at x > a and it is decreasing at x < a If it has maximum point -> the function has 'n shape', then it is increasing at x < a and it is decreasing at x > a

Cg. Hjh Rafidah

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Chapter 8: Differentiation

STATIONARY POINT/TURNING POINT

Example 1 (i) Find the values of x, when x > 0 for which the curve

y = x2 +

and determine whether it is a maximum or minimum point

16 x

has a stationary point

(ii)

State the range of values of x for which y is an increasing function

Example 2

(i) Sketch the curve defined by

y = 18x 23 3x2

for

1x5

(ii) State the set of values of x for which y is increasing

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Chapter 8: Differentiation

STATIONARY POINT/TURNING POINT

x3 3x2 + 5 . State the range of values of x, for which y is an

Example 3

Sketch the curve

increasing function

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