11* ! -1J[§:jfft&1J[§:jW~_t '§' 11iJ ~~~~*~J1.ffiffl(Dependency Theory)~ *~~(7) ; §5 -1J [§:j fftlE 1J[§:j~ S)j~ 4' l.~Lll:.

I~ ~:;$: 3=: ~nEE - m tJ ~ J'lU ~ .fi*j:_~~,mmA~fi~~.j:_m*-'jZ~'H.#~m~Mfffl@~ ~3=:~li.*~~1I5Um ' ¥M'~~,'GI,3=:~f!u£\~m~(8) ~1;J~l\m~@J1. ffiffl,~~~~m~~~W.~M~~o
0

.!IE ~ ~ jE)( Iff ~ ~

~~lil1l(Nigel Cameron)~~~1~1M: Ifftfi:f}]~~a' ~m~~~.l:t :t:t:i&M~~~1'g~ ("Hong Kong, from its very inception, had more luck than its government had foresight.")J -A~-~,.~~~:t:t:&~§831i~.~_t.,fI~*~i&m.~ T,wi&i8~tt~m-*&Wl\m*fffl~.~mlf-'t~,~maR~-1@]m 1i~:5i1~1f1,'I/J\~i1' AD::fi&i~TA(10) §Jl:t~~/,-:j3}1;J~iE9m=*&h ~* ' M'1860~ «jt/?f~~( Convention of Pekingj ) Jlru~IH~ft~~-¥~ (11) , {E1898~~~~AAM' B :;$:ffflf]jIH~fJTW-ft+ft~(12) , *,§_~4:K~ ~m :t:t:1& ~*~fGZ-,¥~. ' § 1783~t)'*~i&m ' fU1ZM'~iL1i~m ~'ItE~tift~m~tili(13) , 1M~~:j3}.~J[±JJ{"(14) , ~JL'~M~ml'F1'g1M
0 0 0

~m~~~.A~~m.m*.~:~-ft~ft~ •• ~~~~. ~*~J{<Z1~i&,fI , ~mJiijJU~~a~-'¥.Affl~~*lW~~I~1~1f-'t ' ~m i3~-'jZ~1@]A~)[A(200~5t) , **"Jm~~(786~5t)i3~~7t, ~~(1,450 ~5t)~-t;7t-(1) fUT1991~ , ~m~~3=:rm~id!miEjl*Jl%AmB~ -~ , ~m~-'jZ~1@]A~)[A B ~3i13,430~5t ' rWld@~f:lf~(11,120§!@ 5t) , fJTjt§~(12,350§!@5t) , jt§}i)Bf(12,450§!@5t); ~N~~(16,550§!@5t).l:t ~(1)B~t~19% ' ~N~~(22,240§!@5t)f!Uif§~m!~40%(2) ffflH ' tiD~~ m ' ~~;fD~ ~~~~ ?,~i&i:t:+ =~-'jZ~t\1H~:$~~~§t , f!U~mff%M' 1998~~_t~~ , ~2005~f!UImi&i~~ m ~ , ~Jj]~JJ~ , 1N:y'/f~1&*~;fjtELU$§ti3~:Wtz ffflt$§t~iE9 .tttt~~.~:li.~~*~~~~~m •• mWIf-'t,.~~-@~ U'_$7t~U~~M~~ •• ID~~.m.If-'t,~tttt.~*~/f~ ~m~mN'ffflH&i&i*m~@.~*M.mW~~~o~M.~m~ ~iE9m~~,WIf-'t ' ~~3=:~~;g-l~;fIj~(Milton Friedman)~MJj]M' § 831i ~(3) , lfu~r~j:_A. Rabushkaf!U-m5J1i1f~m ' ~m:t:t: § 83~~~i&m(4) JJW_t , JJ::~~~(E.F. Szczepanik)~~(5) , ~m~3=:mtJ~~~*~-,¥~~ /fi"'J1¥m_t$ § 83~~~i&m1M~~~~i3'?J'*~ fl~~17U:9~ , mt*lliJ~ ~~~~~~~~~*,m/f.AW/f~~~~-'¥m0~~§83~~i& m ~ , ~ fJfT i&iff -=f ffl ' IZSI ,'OO! ~ T 1fu ~ iL ffiffl tlP /f W i&i&iff -=f ffl ' fffl 1l" : i .1~~1&~~~tiftlKl~/f~ggH~1~(6) mm '1Qj~~m~V'J:5i1H+I~/J\~U~ ~~Jj]~W17U ' fUT~~li.~*iBl:;f&(Peter Berger)~-¥~ , .~l!1'g
0 0 0 0 0 0 0

¥1i ~ ~~j~IH~

~~~~.1&-~~,~m~AD~~~-~A+~.'.~~$ lli-¥(15) , ~~~ .l; 8~1'g-@~tJJ~~ 0 ±r¥ ' iillU!'\.l:tlM _t~ 8 ~RHs (16) ¥M'_If-'t~mg~j:_m1J[§:j , iJlmlX:MtWT~.~: r...... ~7tZn +g~j:_gf1IJEmJD ' H*~~7tMi.?'F7.k~)~H¥i' (17)("...Ninety percent of the population live barely at subsistence level, and are in the main not permanently domiciled.")J 1949~~~~$Jl%;f1j ,~m~ADBfft1945~m7t~/\+.~ft-¥U =~.A(18)' fft~~*~Ji~I9:§t5gf1~-¥ 1951~~~'§'11iJ1M¥~~ 1&,~m~~D.~l!1'g.~,~m~~~M~~-,¥+*~~o~~A mi&i,~m.~.1&I9:+~'~~~~~~~~ffl,{E=+meT-¥m .~T~:;$:3=:~mw-~-@.m/f~*.'~-@~D.~~M'AD W!~ , flij!;Z:K~~rJ5i: ' flij!;zI~~1iJ!~m~tili ' ~~~-1tli1I~1~ , lJl 1~1~~~~~1!f~m ' ~1'g-@~1~~Nm~1K~~~~~JL' l!;tJ\/ffU § 1978 ~~~Wff~~i&.1&'~~~~~~~~D.~~7t~o~~+~~ *)Jitl'~~m~~~~~1f-'t ' ~m(Lennox A. Mills)1W~i&i: l7tifJT1~~m~ ~~/fi"'J~1&IZSI.,~m-@/f~~~ffii"'JIZSI~:~@IZSI**~m~m
0 0 0 0

7:J.mPfT /f~g~ itUi¥J (19)(Analysis of the underlying reasons for the prosperity of Hong Kong reveals one ominous factor: far too many of them are determined by forces utterly beyond its control.")J ~@¥-1H!1bt!;tjs:_tY9.1=f G5I:~, R~ ,~=tflE~O~rPfT~i¥J r1f.\l~f~pfT{*J '/fT5fiJi¥JlZ9r' Ji
0

J~ , ~11.+if1~

, 1t~~P3Z-,¥!J

• ~~ ••

~PFt\• £~~tfui¥J~~~lfjill:

1; iL .'}]fO ~ ¥Ellilfi: ' t!1~ ff~71~{1I. ~m A ~ M~3ll1 ' ~1=f/f~IZ9~*~~~Wre •• ~tt~m~~o.~~W,.ft.1ii~':j': Jl.t:)~H ' 1E1.:m~i¥J~~~.~JE¥tHUJE.t:)p'Ht~~mOO~I~1~

fflHH~-tfu~ 1m;
0

1& {JE pY; ~ j[; ff ffl~~.T'@~~M~~.~1=fm@Ji.~i¥JIZ9~:-·~~~ $i¥J&~'U&IZ9~W*~ •• oo~,U~~~~i¥J~~~~~i¥J~· ~.;=·.1&mw.;tjs:~.i¥J~~~~~*~.;tjs:~·~~i¥JI~~ .tt~~&~~~~~$i¥J~~~.tt •• o~Mi¥JI~~$'~~~
0

~~tttt~.~i¥J,~m~1=fM~-'¥71~.m'8m.~~~$~8 m*L~J~.* ' OO~~I~1~ ; :fffi!§~ , ~[@H.~~~$[i'IJ~OO~~T~ Mi¥J.*~~I~~$ WlE~OIl*:l:lnipJT §: r.*~;fJ1~~.t:)*8~Hl m~~~~~i¥J~~~~IZ9~o~/f.R~~~~~"'~~* •• i¥J~ ;it , ~P~~~;lI:$i¥J:l:~~~~~IZ9~-,¥~4j{~IAi¥J.;tjs::l:~:lJD [i'IJ~i¥Jft
0 0

~m@IZ9~i¥J{'FfflT ~~i¥J ~~~$i¥J&flj~~MJi*i¥Jn~

0

, ~~EB~~!lIIi'Ti¥J~j~Jt'~~
0

~m*~.~~,-~~~.~e~W~i¥J~~~~~~_t~~ffl~~'
-OOf~J~iU~~1I! ' =~~D~1o/J~.i¥JG5I:~(21) Jt'~0*@N_t*.~Mm~~~~~$.~~~'iliMi¥J.~m~~' {J!~~M~~~j~Jt'i¥J~tDt1Mv:1I{I[*[\?f (23) 1950if •• 1:i~ , ~~11Hj(~'§'{wjG~~ll.~~Jt'
0

IZ9Jlt' fiR;g~~~j~

~ , i]f[W:lJo#:

*·8*·~~~· ••••••

••• ·fl~·$~·~.·*.·.*~·~ §~·±~~~~~mpY;~.~ft.~om~;g~~~~

0

D'~~~~~.Ar.Mtt~.J~~'IZ9~~-&~~T~~~B~ ~1I!~j~Jt'_ti¥J**j , [i'IJ~-tQ,)Ml'lU§~~Mi¥J~'Dtfu{ll ~~IZ9~~~$51~i¥JG5I:.:lJD_t~~i¥J1Ilt:~ , lE~OChengTong Yung

PfT~:

r][¥=+m*c11.+if1~' ~'D %Pf~(~M)nf:E-~M~m 11. +if~W~~~.~~.1&'~.1&~~if~Mi¥J.DJt'~ •• ~~ ("Until the 1950s, re-exports had been nearly the sole money-maker. With the embargo imposed by the U.N. in the early 1950s, Hong Kong suffered from a severe drop in the re-export business for some years.")(25) J m~'~~-~OO,~~~$W~M~~~i¥J~Mm*m@.~1Z9
0 0

;it~m J!~~U~WT(1955)fO~WTfi(1960) , 11J!.1l'~mAtfI)5$;WOOfil[*~~:l:~* ~.*~;fJi¥J.~tE (29)("Capital accumulation had long but taken as the dominant determinant of economic growth. Not only was it the belief of the classical economists like Ricardo that productivity is increased principally when capital per worker is increased. This is witnessed, for instance, in the work of Lewis(1955) and Rostow(1960), both of whom stress the importance of capital accumulation in initiating economic growth.")J .*~;fJi¥J:m~m .t:)1):£~j~-@jl'jNf~ J! .t:Xf¥j~r:i+I~17V~~~ ' ~1;iL1fz ' ~~J;\m~~~:t:?H~tfu*~~*UJjt , ~P~*~~~~1:t!;.¥mti¥J*~ rJIf.fp , pfT .t:)tfI)~~*~%llt~I~1~gr .L , {EI.~~~~OO~i¥J~~-@1 ~~rn.'lE~~.*/fJE,~_t~~IZ9~i¥J~fflT,m~~~~K~ m-Jtrn ' iJjlIJfJI~1~i¥J~~iim3ir~(30) ~~Iil~~OO ' ~Hambroi¥J;W~ , mm-*~m;:i¥JJl~~*§ ~~i!~ ~gr3pfj~~IJJ~~ , ~W*-,¥~J:I:;~~A~-'¥~*-'¥~~(31) ~i¥JM~12;£#t~'lg~, 1:fJt1l'~t!11):£.~~1!lf~DZfiltjffi~' ~~-§:j3;g ~&I~DZ~,~~tfI)~*§_t.i¥JA±oJ0~ffi~'~~ZT'~~
0 0 0

m'

~ : .*fO~IJJ7:J

:lt1Jmt*~:%W:~HI~t~m

.
0

m.~~~~.WfflW~A~Mi¥J.~1=f~~~?~@~m~Mi¥J ~1ii~':j': 2 *1!~Vjd~iQJ~/f~~ ~-111"'=tfi¥J1iff~ , ~1949¥1950if MFa9' ~A~MB"J.~'9ji3.H~~7G(26) 1~~'it'Jl~ifi¥J{tiH ' 1):£1947 if¥1951if ' 1):£j~tfu~1EA~Mi¥J.~~17.7{~M7G(27)
0 0

~T*~.~

~$~T~~Mm*1=fIDi¥J~*&~IJJ7:JJ~'ii1=f.IDi¥J~~DZ~'~ ~*~~~~.jt.~(33) mMi¥J.~,~~m1=f~'~T~$~mft~~~m.~M~~. M~J~'EBm-~ •• ~~M •• ~'IZ9~I~~pY;~.~~~-i¥J~~ 0~o~-~OO,m~Mm~i¥J1iff~,mmi¥J_t •• *~.*0/f~~~ 1JJ.~i¥JIDrt~~'W~~.£·m~~.Hi¥J~rt~mi¥Jo~~~ ~ , ~~~~~}jU.~t¥ ' RffOOIJJ.H ' ~jG~/fBflAAi¥JM:lK~OO~ ~Mi¥JI~1~ lE~OMpfT~ , ~~~~.*jG~~~1EIili¥J.~ , 'lwillt!1
0 0

~/f-~o~.~~~.*~i¥J.~'R1=fm@~~m~~t¥'/f~~

\T

moo~~.'~*oo~~m~~~~~~~e'~ffl~~~~~.~~ BUt ' ~.i3'J~~$~~LHtu*~ , fjIJ~D~_Hj]k~~~f7U' ftf1954~OO

0

~'~1M~mJ!m~i3'J~'~~~M~$W'*i3'J~~'~~*m~~~ .~i3'J.*o .~~,~=*mw*.~~i3'Jmw.~'~~~~~1M~.~~ mW.4:£*~{mi3'JEf 7t l:tM~ , ~Bffi~±~~(44) , pff~)~D~ , ~~~~*i3'J ~.~~mfi**Hmoa~zM,mW.~i3'JM.~~~~~*~' fJ'Htf194447 J=l1If7U~J***(Bretton Woods)1r~OO~i3'J=+4 ' ~~~* i!l!i*~m~~.§~i3'J~m'.&~A.~~.*~~i3'J.~~~o~ • OO~~'~~~~.~*D~M~~,ti~~~~~~.~~~.'1M )7~~~iU~JE:1J ,pff~)~Tm91~~~~M' 1~itr~*!£M$:1J ' ~)&mf#~ fflW •• ~~,mg~ft~'~~~.~§~~lE~~~~~Mft~m ~B"J-$(46)
0

~'~~~$m~~~,~~~.~~=·'~··~~-·'ffi&~ m~U~~~N*U ' IZSlIJtJ!J'tri&sl:1J(35) ~mi3'J~Jj.~

a
0

'OO~~~fflJj£~*

~ 5Hfu~ t~ 0091:1 (36) i3'J ~fflJj£~*~~mOO~~.~'Ei3'Jm~tt,~.a~®~m*i3'J • H·~~·.~·K~&.~ •• I'J!m~~®~*DJ't.i3'J~& if0~ l~!U!£,'MZ ~ J:j:l Ji m ~ i3'J ~ J:j:l , .l; yij gHtf+ fvttt *c /, 11' ~ I JL' 1-t 0091:1I~~&1& ' :fU1910~"8 0091:13i1'J}J1.1-t*jJ~Y~& :fU -=; T +~1-t ' 1~~~I~~.40%i3'J~fflJ ' J:tJ:j:l-=-7tZ-~~~*jJ.~ , 1934~~* 1j\~j].Hl&1,006Fs'(37) a1937~ , ~fflJ~Jj.~M~i3'J*jJ.ifD~j] •• '~ ~~~Z*0~o5~~~,~.~a~mi3'J~m'~.~M¥i3'J~~~ ~m~~i3'JI~'~.~~~~~fflJ~.I~.8a~m3iff'M~00~OO.~M&~fflJ~.I~.8M~lliA+~~Mi3'J~~·~~~m t~~~,~~(39)a
0

+~

rlJt~a{_J~~

: ...t)&~~

~~'~ •• *·~~:1J~j£~~.~ftOO~~M.i3'J~~~M~ ~,m*~*~~~.m*~.~~m'lZSl~a~~~3i~*i3'J~M~ .J:j:l'.~~m~~~~,~~~.~m*~~'~*~~5~@*00 ~~i3'JM~~~o~~,=+m~~*.&fi-@.*~~~*~~~~ I~1~(~T B *ftf~m*cBflfflm~0091:1i3'JI~1~)7~) , ili~1~Ilt~pff ,£E!, a *ff~5I=!!-~~*!£M~*mlp~~rtH!£M~,*~ , '1~:r5lEi*ffl~fiM.1~ 8"JD1!1~(41){fu1l'~:S§c T ' i9.~W'* ' {~i9.~ ~~(IZSlIJtiliY9.~±\!H~:) , ~ , a.*~~1it*J:j:l , W'**I@,~~~i3'J ' MJjU~1M~-{~1~~~ 0 ~~Mi3'J ~~'~~.~W'*i3'J~~J!~ •• om~~~~~~Bfl'.*·#~ :1JifDj£~:t ~gi3'J ~. ~ I ~ 1~i3'J 6~1~{tf: ' {E! ~ fi~ ftff~. ~ 00i3'J d ~mt ' ~@IZSl*Ji1&pff~)~g~1l].1~~*!£M±~~ , ~t~m~±fu~~~aW' *~oot±l.fJ1.::5-=PfiiflJi3'JlZSl* ~{~~~oom&i3'J~=@IZSl* : 'IAA~mw .*~.i3'JM~ffi~3i~*i3'JI~~.tt.~o i!l!i*~1'N~N.D. Kondratieff i3'J~~~MHifDff~~1~(Joseph Schumpeter)

~~m

a~~~~.~ffi~~~M~,~~ttW~*i3'Jt±lD.~fuffi~~ 7t ' {§_t~~*i§Pl:t~~~*~~ , ~*~ftf1945¥U19734MFs' , ~-=-tt Wt±lD1~mW.~l:t*ftf 25.3%l/i!(~17.7%(47) a 1'ElBUili 1\l=mpff1~i3'J~ ' ~~.~l:t* ' ~U~~~7t(48) a ~1ZSl~~~00i3'J ' ~T ~~~.f&Tl/i!(~1~ m~lZSl*j~ , 53j~-@m~lZSl* ' ~'IAA~f)]M ' *{§B7t~1ml~i3'JWf1&~ *mj'ij:t.l\\)7~~~. ' 1M.~7I'D~*4t±l Dff:~~J'iI, , 1Uj~I~1~(49) ,~ _§_, rAD~1-tJ ~m(Import substitution)~~Wf~~*i3'Jf~~~m 0~'i*mHm~m~AD~~*~.~~~m~~§.i3'J*±I~offi ~Z r' r~mi3'JI~~,* § 1950if~-][~t±l 0 ~ rPl a ~~l:t1±1i:iJ*:s M'i*mj~rPlI~mmfri3'J~,*J:j:l~*~~ a ("Hong Kong's industrial growth has been export-oriented since 1950. This was far aheaed of any developing countries which adopted the outward-looking industrialization strategy.".) 0~ .~~'][~E+if~*M'$7tWf~~*~H~fffi~~i3'JAb ~1-t~m ' 0091:1.~I~t±l D~m(52) a ~*~U~~~Affli3'J ' t±lDm~ ~~a~-=-mw.m~$~~TAD~~i3'J~m'Wf~~*i3'J~,*m~ ~/\ +if1-ti3'JJ¥jf&! • ~;tJDtBzifD1\l=m(53)~~1\l=m~KM~~D~ .'i*~t±lD~rPl~m,J:t.~~.*1mlA.m,w~~~*~m~£ *~HM,*mm~mm*&'M~~T*ff:,~~~~.~~~m~ ~1M~ 8"J~fflJj£~:t1r~=m=m~)fflJj~ ~ mt~1M~ a ~m~$~pffi§ , I~1~mOO91:100~)fflJ)7~~mt~ , ~~fF.J~~pff~

e.·

i3'J~.mM~~~~''IAA~~~+~~W~~~M~'~*~~~Mffi1M ~5E~7t a a~@K~T:Szm~~=@~~~M(1945-1973)~ : tt1950~ :fU1973~(~~ ~ *)*!£Mftf1'& ~ ,**Jl..(OECD)i3'J ~~ ~*SjZJ$]~.B:';~ jfH~1_§[if±~4.9% ' l:t1MT1870-1913(.*~~~-{~~~~M)SjZJ$]±~~ ~2.5% ' ~1913-1950i3'J.*~1.9%(43) a ±~~e5t~ffi~ , W'* § ~±~

J:t®Wf~~*i3'JI~.&maHm~J:t®~~~mT,~*~m~~§

\1.'

e'~*~~~mWMI •• £a~~m.~*.~~~OOti*~~$ ~~~~~ •• 'M~~m~-~~*oA+~~W$~~~~~ •• I.&~D~~~,~m~~~&.~.8a~~m.~~~ff~~ ~ , l£,\lff~f~{tj::T~tI~m-=r.BkJ1fi1fplliWP*'T ' ~ttP.f1949~¥U1960 a ~~mI~ii\i?t,;l:t§Ym~{iMQ&i~ ~(!l;f,~*~ 8 *:7~)(54), {EI.1§l~~~ ~D'~~~l£ffi*N~~ft~$~~~~~~D •• ~*~~~l£ ~'ffi~~ft~m •• BkJ~8*ffi~$~m~~'Wft$~ •• ~~m tiP I ~ .l;J'l. ffIj i'§ ti1?f~( Comparative advantage) a 1£ tlt3'f.~*::E~U~%f~3t~~ , ~~~fi~ ~ EB1~, tJ[]~~{fu~~~~ y§l~~ft~ DB. ' ti~m~~~ D¥fr<oI.8~~m-~flJ a 1aJ!][t~~ ~~,~~~~*::E.~~~$~~~I.~.tt.~o lli~ff~~l£~~.ft.~.~~~ol£.~~*::E.m3t~~ M ' 1G~~~~:gBI.~~B{_J~1~ , ~~I.~-:!frfE:r<o~*i&~ , lli ~M$~$~meI.ft,\lffD~~I.oti~~.W~'ii\i?t,;~~W~ ~I~~~$,\lff,m~Kro~~Ii&~I.'~~tE@*$~~m~~ ~,~~.mfE:r<oa~o~.~'.~.lliOOti~-1fpB0~o~*1G~ ~~~~~~lli.~.tt.~,.m.~.~m~~.tEli+~~~$ 1fptt~~'J!.~.~~li+~~~M~~m.~.'~T1~5~*' 8J{1({~~*fIJWRX;~tlt:W-~*~RX;~~ 0 ~)L\(56) ~~~~*::E.~t~m I.~~~~.#BkJm~tt,m~~~+~~~~§~@~*~m~. ~DI.~~m~.mmBkJM-=r~~~0~o ~m.~~I.1~ , ~~tE~~lli-=.@~~f5(RfFmT~~~ ~~~~.~,~m::E~~.D~'~-~ •• ~~I.~~~ 1843~B{_J~ffli:H~Ml-.(58) , ~::E~~~ntt~*~tm~a;flIJ!BW~~ 1&~iL~I.~~*m(1878) , .*Ql!(1885), 7J<.~(1899) lliim(1902) , ** , ~(1910) , Cf~~(1922)f[]m%ii(1927)~ 1amf~~* , 1932~*ijMi1~ {1l¥ *¥.~)~~,~m¥~Mmm~'@I.~~-:!fr~~0~omEB~ •• ~i:~mUc~ff< ' '§:n~t!im-~tE1940~ , ~m~800ra~t:tfffiI,,* ' 1JIji ·m-='.IA'::E~~.~M&Moont.'.fi'm%ii'~~'li~. rPr:l ' t)~E~imlIll;f[]:@tto/J.£~(60)lli@!f.MI.,&~!ili~m~(61) a , {atE B-1&I.1~~ , ~@1t:.~~~;f[]IA~{iltJ ' .m f)J~9ff1Hj}]1'Fm ' ~*~ mI.1~$~:f5lB{_J/J\I"*1t:.t~1S ' ft~IJ!~-~IUWf a wJ!m~~ , ~1f£-='+~1~~tI~~m~I.~~~ , 8~~ Dtm:7~.(62)lliJ!lfc\il.~I , .1~~~~:nr<o a
0 0 0 ~ 0

tE~+~~*M~li+~~WM,*m~£~D~~~DN~~ + ' ¥UT1961~m-=r.IJfj~DiL~ , *:f:fu~ 0 8~1tlR;~~ 0 ~75% ' ~ m~m~*~8~RX;~.Dfi~~I.~D~.~o ~I.1 ~iil±lr:::Jt.~Ht(m~1l(~) ~{1I : .mlC ~171 1M,~~DB~$ *~~D *:f:fu~ 1952 2,899 2,413 16.8 486 1953 2,733 2,098 23.2 635 1954 2,417 1,735 28.2 682 1955 2,534 1,804 730 28.8 1956 3,209 2,426 783(1,115)* 24.4(34.7) 1957 3,016 2,222 794(1,2022 26.3{39.92 1958 2,989 1,729 1,260 42.2 1959 3,277 995 2,282 69.6 1960 3,937 1,070 2,867 72.8 1961 3,930 991 2,939 74.7 ~*4*~ : Colonial Reports: Hong Kong 1952-1955 fli/\ }ti!,Jil.. 1f ;tt-1952-1955» « %• Hong Kong Annual Reports 1956-1961 1fi".t-t-Jil..1956-1961» « *( #;-fit I*J tt:f P,J1958-t--f.tflt ~ji,.jtJ'Jf -1-t-Q~ ,$._}ti!, tt:f) W Jb ili
(:1

.0

fJ~D~£m-~ , tE1961~ , ~~~.~il~8M:B@'J,¥J!l)[~D(~~. ~1t129% ' *15~fdtl23%)(63) a fJ~ Dm}~m- ' tE1960~ , ~~8J{1(1~*~ RX;~*m~8b~::E~~m}~(~~&*~~5jU~26%&20%) , li+~1~tVJ ~*~§m}~fllj~¥t ' Wjffi~mt~flU~*(64) a fflW~~~.~:!fr~~~.,-:nOO~?t,;~~~.~m~~?t,;~ * ' :!5-:nOOflU~~~~*::EiJJr<owm,,*~~1;!t~~-s-~ , ;J;5l~;J;5l~& ~~,tt~~m~~&@'~~fi.~~£.~~o.~.~~M~~ ~.~£.~* ' Wi 81&~m~ful'm:7~m}~~~Tm~B{_J~1ffl(65) a fJ?& ~~~jJ~~.tE~ Dl:tm~T~(1Jt1960~~ 19% ' ¥U1970~~10% ' :P}li'&( ¥U1979~~7%) , .~.tiPl£~M~*(1f£1961~~29%*~1978~B{_J 39%)(66)
0

(I

~§~&~.~~~~mI.~£llioti~m~m~~.,m~ Ronald Hsia~~.jjff:re1~¥U-1@J!~J!~£P~ : itt19624"-¥U19684"-~m~ ~K>'@,{I1l~:l:~{I1lr:p78.6%~lli 0 :l:~fi:1r\,P1ZE"J(67) +4"-1~j;)1~~r I ' ;It .~D~,~~mI.~~m~Wo~R~~r.Tmti.mm~,.
0 /\

a*.A~#~fl.*I~o~A+4"-~r:pM'~m*±8m~~$0 ~{4B~ , ~r.~~]!~ill~(73) 019654"- ' *m~£B"J~r~{4tJj O~ {I1l~16Sf-ltW5'C ' 19754"-87t.¥609.1sf-lt5'C §3-@m~B"J;f§IMl~£~ E~~ {4tr~F~YliJ~19754"-lli 0 K>'@,{I1l140Sf-lt5'C(74) -T.~~W{ti m~
0 0 ~

~*-~~~~~0I'~~~~*~.-~~~~~~~~~o ~~~,~~* •• ~I.~~~*~~8*~~~* •• ~~~ ~ , 1~*pjG~~~~::k;Z -~'I:R~(Faircbild)~1II ' ~'~ffl~mffiti~~.~~~~~,;lt$~~* ••• *m~~~~ ~'00~T* •• ~~~~~~0I~~oT~'~~~r.~~~~;lt 1t!!~*~. +4"-1~r:p , ~l¥ilt& iritf8~;f§&,~~ 19674"-1&' 00 ~{:;~~g§~~. itt19684"-~~{:;, m~E"JI.~~{:;~~1JoJffi:lli:£5l 0~ 19724"- ' ~*g§52pjG~-{tmm~~~r.~~~* 1tt-t;+4"-1~r:pM¥U *M ' £P~ , *~&~~.OO~pjG~AAF~~.~* (69) ~ m l:t;lt it!!~ '" ~ *~ 11'~ 4"-(ffi~ tHf tRJJ!0 RJ~ ~J5JT ~) , 1~¥U ~i~~1N~Dm1tt*1.21~ ~ , ~19654"- ' 8 *pjG~~~~::k ~* •• ~JJ!.:l:1h (70)

{~~~~~m~.~
0

/\

tt'.mM.WX~I.~~'~D~~~r~~~.ffi.*.o .¥ll:t ' ~*__t 8~~;f¥~~W{JEpjGI.1t;E"JIMl.IZSI* ~ft~~&'ti~~H.~m~~pjGffift~'m~m::k~IMl~'IMl~ffi ~OO'HWM1&OO~.e~~O~T]!~~&~~;t9~~~m~.,~ ~~M~~.~-t;+4"-~~*.m~m-@~~~~~ft~,~IZSI.W ~m~~W;t9~-@~~.~olZSl~~~~~~'ffi@.~T~~~~ ~~m~R.'WH~H.i&m~~~~~~mmo

~w*~m;t9m

.m8~~

~~'WA+~~OO~'~W~mB~A;t9m~ffi'~ •• ~~~ M~'~W~mTm~B~r:p~*r:p~~~~~'WH~A+4"-~ffi-t; +4"-~'m~__t~~ffW-@~*~~~~ •• ~£~m~fi:~~~W (75)

0

~,~~~te;~

t~J5U1I1l1~ff~B"J~ , *m~£K>~{I1l § -t;+4"-1~1~~@A~*~~m~ , ~19744"-&19754"-m4"-{f,f5tiT~~1~ , iff-tL-t;/,4"-.¥-tL •• ~m~m~~~.~M'~

~~*~mJiQ1964-1969 1965 1966 1964 37 43 22 ~m 23 17 36 a* ;W:'mlli 9 19 * 24 12 8 1l1iNi ~1JOJffi: n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. l¥ilt n.a. n.a. iriit * *I.2
* : ~YM-l%

(*J~~O%) 1967 1968 42 28 14 10 18 15 2 3 n.a. n.a. 2 3 7 11

1969 30 8 12 2 7 5 9

A~4"-'~W~M~.tL~~7t'ffi~ m&~.~tt~~~~ffiffi~M~~~~o

m~~~0RJ~~~~~~r.~~M~m~~~M~.~?~. ~~)$W~~~~;f¥ , ffi~~~IZSI~~mI~1~.(;f§tin~~~~~5\jI:~) ,T TJJn&~~Oi&m~JE(71) m ~ , Jeffrey Hendersont~J5U5$Wlil-~6' {~~ ~/,+4"-{~1J] , ~T a*7~ , 52mHN*Tff~-1@~*E"J~~~ ,{~. M~~'I:I§~.~~fliJ¥E"JH1J&@A~*(72) '1~~~m~.~[PJ-4"' =F,"~/N'JH~B"J~r1JOI.~1:Em~~ , itt
0 0

A+4"-~OO~Wm~mffi~B~~~~~'~m~~IZSI*~IZSI~ll ;It$~~~~lliom¥+~~'ffi~~~~~~**~~~~~R;t9, ;It{ijr~1~~*Y_~~~1Joft''' ' $7~ m:f:~a ~pjG1AtJ::k j;)*m~JI'*~ {][S0~~.lli 0 ' 19614"-./fJi!.65% ' 19844"-B7t.¥89%(76) jtt§3@fEl)jt~ , ~19704"- ' *m§~.JI'£fiJl~65%~}tH~lli 0(77) , ¥UT 19804"- ' ffi@l:t~1}7t¥U90%(78) lli OB~ , I.~£tJ::k ' ~BZ~~' *:Lfu[BJJE~*~pjG(Gross domestic fixed capital formation) , itt19614"-¥U 19844"-~~t~~18% *~m~~1JJ ,m~Jj~[PJM~~lH1'ff~,xj;)~~22.7% W:l:t~__t7t ' BZ~m&1gjjii'&mt:A:9~~~£~A(79) H.A. Tumer1ij-'I'£~ mI.Vtvrq~~1m1~ , 1J;~~IX1%Xmm~~t~~~(80) , ®:1ZSI~~ffit~fi: ~lliom~'WWmI.lliO~.~~tt.~,;It$ft.~* •• ~. ·~~.~.~[PJ.JI'£'~~~~~a~~~.~~.W$0m~o
0 0 0

~~!Il!:P 1L.'~Il"D ~!ft1JI

jtt-t;+4"-1~00~{:; , ~m~*~mt~fi: ' .~¥U§3:9~m@~fljlZSl*B"J~

~ , ~~w~~l$iRX:~~fltiltill~'li~~~r:p,L,'
0

, =~~oji~Jff5t'_tUill4-

A~)7~B'J'l*finD~1.i ~~+~~r:pm,w~B'J~M.*m~m~w~~~~.~RX:~~ ~~~~r:p'L,'(81) ¥U7 J\ +~1~fJJ ' w~ej;)Jill~~~~r:p'L,'IID~t±l:f~ , rm .§.1fJ~ ~ J\ + ~ 1~* RX: fl:Jz il'" ~':jH"J ~ Edffil~ a"J~ ~~~ ~~r:p'L,' ff:£ 1978if 12Fl¥U1982ifsFl 'W~ntffiB'J~lHr1l~.jft~;l:lD7324.S8% ' ~lHr'Hj ff:£74r~5t~~123r~5 ; ~"ftfHJ\0R]~lC1JmI!l:EHf:£241r~5t~~3S9r~9 ' K;1@,1l~ ~ljt~1:JD338.03% ; ~1981if:sE:::t:~~~jtffJ\1l~r:p , W~~~1l3S.63f;@:~ ~,m~~*~~.; •• ~'~:sE:::t:~·*~~M~A.ffr:p,W~ e1~Tli+[9r~9(82) ¥UJ\+if1~*m ' w~f'F~~WB'Jtill~~~~r:p'L"tillflIe~1Jl!l7 :=t W¥-J~~~ : ~ j~1l~lHr~~(lS4r~5~~~lHrr:p120r~9~j~~ntffi~IHr ' 267rm~"ft1¥ffJ\0 R] q:t21sr~9~j~1lm~) , f*~0~~~(278r~9f5fdI!0 R] q:t1S2r~9j~~1iltffi) , JJtj~TI([~22311¥flIf§lit~:3E ' ~r:p1411itH~~n tffiB'J ' j~~~~mJ:~&illt0:mJ:~*~*clj)\ms~~F7¥J~0 ~ ; j;)j~1l:3E~~~ mrm~ , w~*imfl*ilNm~J:&~ttU"J = ~lH=r~l9HE::f*1l:;(1987if*~N q=rK;I@,jt f.S6% ' ~ rr~j~~Rq=r¥um jt f.J ' rm61 %K;I@,ii ' ~ rl'mj~jt 1l ffJ\Ej)(;~:JzJ ) ; 1980-1986if ' );)I!l:J;_& 1IflHtw~:51~U~~~jtffJ\&1IDZ ¥J+I~t~B'J%j'l;-=&%j'l;[9*r:p,L,' -= j;)**~jtf.~li4Ht~ , w~~i1tJf~ f.*iA ' 1987if*f.*i~fJ12,9S0{;@:~~ j;)till~!§ w~~:sE:::t: ?nm jt~ tL~ 1:JD~jJJ::tl'm&*IIDZ~¥@f.*iA ' ~r:p*&jffilIDZ~¥@jtf.A ' g~W~.ff*m •• IIDZ~~~m~~$l:3E*~;w~~r:p~~~~m *iA ' 1987if*f.~1~174f;@:~~ , g~~r:p~rm!§ w~~~wa"Jli!lf=1!::3E ~~q:t,L,'(83) :w ~,Br~t#i ~ B"J rti: ' w ~)'ifT j;) ~M'o]RX: ~ @:3E~~r:p,L,' , :=t w B'JpgIZSI ~ ~ ~tl.a~~m.~,~~.~;a~~~mam;m*~,m~M ElA ; ~w~t.~'!:~*& '§'7J~!§ ~~~ ; ::Ewj~IZSI~i1tJf'li:3EWi~1_j£ti(J :sE:::t:~m1JB'J*~Mt~~ifD § 1978if);J*r:p~B"JF7¥J7Iltam(84) fllit~ t±l:g:~:51a~ g j!&~Rq=r*~W~~i1tJfm=:fltil~~~r:p'L,'ffi~~ , ~.~ ~~m.'~:51.DB'JD~'IZSI~~*IC1J~~.~f=1!:&.f=1!:m~'** e~m=*:3EWi~q:t,L,' , :JzilNIH"Jrm ri\J~fM~ ; .§.mtU"J&*~~ rpg~~ ~~q:t'L,'J -, l'mj~jti.51~Ufl~S%&13.4% ' fM~&!fJT1:JDtBz~Ij~ rj~~:3E Wi~q:t ,L"J ' l'mj~ jt f.J::tf§U:51~Ui%it70.3%&80.3% ' W~~jG~**~m J:~ , ~:51~f=1!:1i!1f=1!: ' pgj~jt i.51~m~ , IZSIJJt~1f:£J::tl\lX(85)
0 0 0 0

~@~+if~~*w~~M~~B'J~~@IZSI~,~~Oji~.~tt B'J~:ff~~o ~I.3

=l=i4n. [:l ~

~ (1970-1990)

*J~\t±l 0 ~O ilito/t±l 0(%)

1970 15,238 2,892 18.98 1980 98,243 30,072 30.61

Kong Year Book

1972 1974 19,400 30,036 4,154 7,124 21.41 23.72 1982 127,385 44,353 34.82

1976 41,557 8,928 21.48

1978 53,908 13,197 24.48 1990 639,874 413,999 64.70

>

K;1@,t±l 0 ~O ilitO/t±l 0(%) .'!f.{l : 1);§?; i:!Jt 'R';!'t *,iI!( : Hong

1984 1986 1988 221,441 276,530493,069 83,504 122,546275,405 37.71 44.32 55.86

1970-1990

>

>

>

>

>

>

>

~~

lft~I.3'iif~D ' );J*§~fJ1rm!§ , lft~+if1~19JMOO~i1 ' W~~Oji~ e~~~*'~~'~~IC1J~mo~~~.m'M~~~~+if~*M M,ilitO~t±lOB'Jtt$,~*~~~~*o~AA+if~~~,ilito. ~@~mB'J~~,eri\J~~ffi~tt*~ffi~.m'N~~o.~~:ff~ @]w~*~M~il' Yffl.§. , ~~:Jz~Oji~~j;Jr:pIll&l~r:p'L,'(86) 'iif~, *fT RB'J~O.~W~Mw~Jff~m~B'Jilito.~w~ttfiB'J~~'~*B'J iIit O. ~ r:p , w~~ q:tIll&I Wl'mj~Ej)(;:plll&I1§-till~r~9 ~ r:p1i- ' :ff Ra"JW r B'J. ~$~.~,m*~N~w~W~W~q:tIll&l~IB'JI~~~B'JN~o. w~~iIT~B'J1l*4 ' 1988~%j'l;=* ' W~~r:p~B'JK;rat±l 0 * tillm 0 B: ~Oq:t , l'!l7&~r:p~1:JOIB'J~5Ht51]jU~48% 73%ifD37%(87) A07J lID ' 1989~W~lft r:p~~ 0 B'Jj~~1:JDI£ £ ' 111J1e ii14S.62f;@:~~ (1990~186.29f;@:~~ , 1991if*~2S4.00f;@:~~)(88) ~mJtl;I!l:*'iif ~ , w~:ffRilitOji~ , N~W~Wr:p~Cf,J~U~JJi*~):ffI~:51Ia"J f:1ENf§~*
0 0 > >
0 0 0

~@~~st.II'1.~
•• ~'~+if~~*,w~.~~~~ffi~I.ri\JB'J~~,e~ A~mtt~~~~'~ii~£~. r~i%fi~'~i%~&~~iITRX::51'

IZSI !It~J5m£ Jflrl !i1~j/ ' ~£fft1973if.~ ~ iitiiiH\~,~~ i¥J27%~ ¥U 1987if. i¥J17% ' 1£ f'1J Mil\]1[)(Yffl 1~z i¥JJlU~~:tR(fft20%¥U24%) , CH,& CrOft 9%¥U15%) , ifO~~(fftl%¥U3%)(89) ffi~IW.i¥JI.~*~~'~~N~i¥J$B1£$~i¥J~~~m~ ~~i¥J~$oK~~m~fi~H •• S~i¥J.~$Mmili:$~~~~
0

§ ~IZSI* ' £lP~mmlD&tti¥Jtfu~~3m1fl:iiBdl~ i¥Jl'fijm' iliU~ifO~m'li IZSI*' 1'lp~mi!t*_t8J1liii¥J$*U ' ~~~I.iliUJJr'&~Iffi¥J*~m~m(tttt 1Jtz~m**IMff~~ § EtJJ!ill:m) .f§~l,I~i¥JHwr~:Ijt , ~JjU~~m ' ~. , H~i¥Jffi~~~o1£~mi¥J~r$'~JJr'&HwrlZSl*.~R~~*~i¥J fFffl ' 1ZSI~~0*~~$~¥$~WM~1~T.7~i¥J.*ifO~~ , ~O*~ ~~ •• *::t~tJ:t:W-i¥JlIit.m~)~~i¥J~wr ' ~mi¥JI~11:;J;J,&it1&i¥J ~ 1.i ' ~ ~ r:iJtJl1~ ; i¥J
0

m~OO7~m1£A+if.~*~~m.i¥J~.tt~.'~~~M.A1£$ ~f& id'G ~ ~9JffiifO ~ 110 ~ 131'"... ~ * ' W 1£~ m i¥J j~ I . (~~)~J¥]! m:~4tHo~if035ZV!tj, f'1J~ , (~m)*±i!ttfu]!1rJ[rtiJm-.$~0~£f&gt'& ~1.i ' m;l:~mtl ' ~~~r~~~13FifO~£~~~mlll~H1.~(90) ~Mffl(;~~;~$JL\ , QO.£J;J.~i¥J~A1i$ , I.~.'I'1~.'&
0 0

ff

:::f'-=fffliI.Sl:~~$W-J-@]*
r:iJ~'~~~~m**ffif~,~m~mi¥J~1.i'~~~m~~~1Mff JjJ:m~tfu~mi&1ff ' ~J~OAlvin Rabushka1~~iB~' r~m~~~m~:1Ji¥J *& m±~:R ' 1£fN* f~N .l;~ EB m-~fi~fL ~ {'i~r5)J; 11'i'N* .I;~ '¥ff mC' .. ·.. ·the growth of Hong Kong's exceptionally dynamic economy was due, in large measure, to the government's rigid enforcement of a fundamentally hands-off policy toward the private sector.") (96)J
0

~mW$~(~:5IJ~I~BI'I1'I)I.:B-li¥J~~i:l ' ~1&~;fJ!m-~m*~mmu~ 1'J.i¥Jffi~(91) r:iJ , K~D1£1i+if.1~Bu\ +if.1~~mI.1~~M$~ ~ 1ZSI*i¥JH.tt-.'1£~'A+if.~~4'K~Hm'&.~.S~M. .ff.~'~~~i¥JIZSI*~A+if.~~~~$~oo~m~~~o $~m-~+if.~*Mmfi~m~~~m.'$~1£~m~mi¥Jm:~ '1'1'r:iJfft~m1'H~.~$if~;@:~' 1£*m~rl°rliliOm;l:~$ , $~m;l:~ J5fi1tii¥J.l:tm: fft1979if.~~JE~i¥Jl.l%7!Ht~1989if.i¥J19.3% ' ' ffl(;~~ m~£~=*m;l:~ ; 1£QO.~~OO ' 1£1979if. ' $~1ti6.6% ' ~~m QO.~~1i*m;l:~ , ¥U1989if.eJ;J.29.9%ffl(;~~-*m;l:~ ; 1ZSI!It J;J ' *~,ilioffif~ ,1£1979if. ' $~1ti2.5%' ¥U1989if.eJ;J.25.7%ffl(;~~~~ m;l:~(93) ~OO~'.~$~i¥J~~,~m,&.~~~~rtiJ~lli~m,~m~
0

*~

~m-1~Nicholas c.Owen~i¥J*~m**ffif ~ , ~m~lffi¥J § EB *~~Ifft:U.(Deliberate)i¥J~m(97) n~.*~m*~mi¥Jffl(;JjJ , ~f_i r~.i¥J~mJ ~-m.m.~'OO~lii~m~~~mM~tti¥J'.~ Z ' I~1~Mi¥J~mi&1ff ' ~j,'~ B § EBi&m~**~m*~m~1.i~ '~'MU~m~~~ rffl(;~J i¥Ji&mor:iJ~'lii~~W~~~ •• '~ nfFJtl~~1£.1&~11:;:m~tfui&Iffi¥J~$ 1PJJ;)~0~ , r:iJJ;)fj£~~jij* ~J?, ~-~Yffl~ , IT~OGunnar Myrdal?fif~ili ' 1t&tzJ5fiJ;J.1£:m~j:fut¥Jtl
0 0 0

~~m~

$~~~D~~~~gMWffl~~'r:iJ~'.~~1.i~~miliamD.~ i¥J.j~'.~$~a~~,wmm~a*'ffifK~*~.M.~,wm 1£$~~~~m$~$7m:~Wffl:.~'.~~#'$~A~gM ~ , ffif.~$~~j~~~ , ~m1£$~~&mi¥Jtfu1fl:~~R7T ' ~miliJ;J ~£JfJtl~m~i!t~i¥J$1nlll.~(Theory of intermediation) , P]~)tfum~ 7lii@~OO:TJ§i¥J;fJ!~(95) J;J.~i!t*~*~,~T § 1949J;J*~m*~m~1.i r~~jU mili7$~¥$.mT~mI.i¥J~@m~ttlZSl*--.*~~~~' :B-~T~~.*~.i¥JQ.--~~~~.~~~WI.~.~.Yffl~ .~*-®~rtiJ~o1[)(~~m,m~7~m~I.i¥J.A~1.io~+if. 1~J;J.. ' $~*~m~m[l5l:.x..7~tfu~~mt,Jff*]!*i¥J~. ~m@m:~IZSI*i¥JWffl~'~~IZSI*~~~~gMWffl'lii@IZSI*~~
0

§EB~m'IZSI~~~~~~~~~:m~~~m~~~mD~&~ffl(;£i¥J

e~~~~,~m.~N~~~m.'M&tW~~~i¥J.~$~'MU§
EB~m§~~~~~~,*~~m*~wr1£:m~~~*&t~~1.iI~' ~!It~*~~Yffl~'MM_tOO&~M~I.~m,~m-:m~~i¥JI.' *~~i¥J.~R~~~EB~§~§.'MU~*~.Mlii i&m'~.R~~~~~i¥J.JJr'~.JJrm*OO~R~&~~1.iI.i¥J i&m ~1iBYffl~ , ';%~m1£1949if.~~I~¥$~
0

•• ,

N~§EB

i¥J;fiT~1!16

m~~;~~±

~1£~$~_t~:Rmffif~~mI.~~~i¥J~~'IZSI!It'~*~lii~~m i&1ff~.t¥ffl§EBi&mi¥J~'~~~N~m~~**i¥J~m~~'R~ fj£~~ § EB~m§ 11$¥UI.ffif8

0

' ~~1£~

~~-@~JJr;@:,~m§~~U*'M*OO~.$~~~A~_t, U~I.¥$.~~'ffi¥A.**_t7T~~U~fi~.m~i¥J~~o

Richard Hughes~~~;f~U%t~::~ntlH0;f1~: rw~1I1J' ~m~~iE~ if ' 'i'El;fD 'W~__tiWili!~!H1H'J;fD*%t1li-Mz);)Jt*rf:7t1fc\J(100) If£1f¥l ~~~'~M' •• '0~~.'.~~'*$7t·WiE~~A~~~ (101) IZSlJlt ~D*~~AiEW~I~i~d~M)7MH~¥U~*if~DJlt~A ' ,1-tl1 1l'VF*7'G!'J~JTI~1~pfff~B~;fiJ:fui '~::fPJ);)~f~~ , pff);) , ~~~~~ A ;fDm tfuJ&}ff fiR ~iQ 7J\::f¥U1f£ ~ ;fN* 1949if.1f¥l W~ ~ x:~ ~D fril' mif Jlt~ A~ftR,~~~iQ.M~m~7'~W~~~m~.M~~~~Am ~M.tt~~~J&.,m*~::fB •• ~'~*::f~~~~~~~· ~,oo~~.~m~~J&}ff~m~mo W~J&}ff~*5m~::f~W~PJ~~mI~¥$'Bffimff~~m J&.'~~ARPJ~~~$~'WOO~,~.~.~oiE~OO*mI~ ftR;fDJr.~OO ' w~J&}ff~~t:w~-~~M1J ' ::f~ , ~*~®M1JB~ ~m~::f~.~~o •• __t'W~J&}ffiE~H ••• ~~ft~~'iQ~ ~*~~~~~~OO~0~'~~~~B~ •• o.~Z'J&}ff~J&. iE.~~mR~~.M~m'®~::f~Wm@m~m~wwo~~PJU If£~Hr=-~OO*$IDlIi~@:lLIDlIi §f:7t ' ~ ~~~mJ&.Mz~F(!j;IcJlt::fPJB~J&. );):s:2WHIZ9/Hl~~~U-T ~ , ~~mJr ' ~1-tl1l¥J~, iJ'iif ' ifD!ffftJDtBz~~U-T ' ;g~~~*Tm ' W W~'tfl~;f§&(103) ~m13A7 ' •• WZ~lE~DY::t~~*Tm~Robert WadeiQ~jJ:~?J ' W~~5tiE~:~m__t*fJH~~D~{-tl1.ff~*Tm~~;f~~ ~ , iQ.ifft~7J&}ffJ&.~.Mz~Fm;~(104) ~lE~DI\lIUEjl)ljj1W.¥UiEft ~~*~'~~I~ftR'B*.ff.fi~TmJ&.'®~~WMz::f~ t~1I-A(105) ~*,~}ff~~iE.~~iEI~__t.ff~~@mJ&.'IZSl~iE.~ __tlf£.f)]If¥l~~~A 8{S~~;fiJ:fui ' I~__tfliJfN*m~::f¥U B 1&~M~ ftR'IZSl~ff~~~oPJ~'iE~~-®~~~A~~~~~'~~@ mJ&.W.7~*'.~.~~-T~W~__t.~ •• ff~*~*.ff~ {lL:(106)ifDW~B~Jrili~fljU(107) M~.~~U.~!l~~~~lH'J~:fut , , ' 1& :::g-fliJ~~ 7{*~~~ ~f~~f7U-T PJ~~~~**m¥~~~w~m~J\~ ~a~o~~PJ~,u~m~~J&}ff~u~~@mJ&.D~w~@m~ ~$~~~~'.~~~-Tm~'~~~~A~~~'J&}ffOO~ffT m ' :&~.M~~p;ijAa~ );)~~~A~tilW~~~);):s:2~ . ~wwr wz.wr~~~~~~~~'R~$7t.~~~~::f~.~.if®8o m=-,*~~~@mJ&.~~m~*.~~~~~'iE~M~.#
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

m.'~ffJ&.M~~-AA~~'U~~}ff~M~**~M~~~'~ ~~t~Tm;fDlf£JJt1JD~$~~ iE~~~mt~~OO, iE1982if.¥U1986if.~~N 1'J~~~ , J&mHBzi§iJJmJr~Ii~~ , t~rgt§~i~N1'J ' .7HEi~UN1'J ' *JT M£~ff~.A.fi,.~~rg~ •• ff~.if..ff'Mz~ ••• fi& 7j(:'R~N1TB~~*{*ifftF"'~m!jUj:(108) 1:Eifft#mt~~OO ' ~}ff~{fJ&.~ %a*~ , n~ir3(~PJTiE1987if.Jffi'm~~~~;l!j!iM~UB~'§1w1¥mlZ9~, ;!tEl :wmt~1*ifft0 'R]fliJ~@AMJ&~~, %a*~~J&}ff~t~1I- A ' {;'E~n~~3( ~pffa~JJi ' 1JD~$7~~(109) Nicholas Owenm~33-@~jfffi~D~ , OO~W~::f~llll:MF",~m!pJTI2El til(110) , QJ~ , iJ'iififDl¥J'#ittm~ ll:M1El B ~~PJ);) ft R ' D¥-:1ZSl~~~flt!l ~ *Wtfu&;:~1T7*mf~~±tfua5l:¥(111) , IZSlJlt W~£*__tyq~Bll:MPJ ' Um~~ffi~.ff~~~±~~¥'R~~~~~*~.ftR-@~~
0 0 0

f~{tj::

m.QJU~.~ffiN~D~~N~~*o~**JT~A~.@m~* iEw~@mHg~~~~~J&}ff::fTm~.~.Mtt~~'HR~~~ ~~WiE~~~.~~1&~~~*Tm~.~Z~o ?i~il&Rtm~il&~f.Il~~~~~~ ? iEJ\+if.{~TJJ 'A.J. Youngson8If¥lfriltJ~~W~.1'J~~~ ~~~m~ .~~$(112) , ::f~ , {fu::f1Elff~H~m~JfHf£*,Dt~*¥U{t&D~WrJ&jff ' A1fut±ifJ&.(~~ , m~&~W)'§ti5iEj7g , :jg(~f~~ , :s:2~ . ~wwr ~.wr~~~@mJ&.::fPJ~::f~~~'IZSl~~~~~*~~IDlIi~ffio JonathanR. SchifferiE19834~-~~:st:NHj:1;7Hg~1*B~£*IDlIit~ (113) ff!!.~?J~W~PJT );)TI'HJ[~ ~ ~~~mB~AiB ' ~~~IDlIi~ R~J&}ffyq ~*,D~~mJ&. ' ::f~~}ff1:E{t&D/iiOO~Tm(114) :jg(~~~$ , J&jff mm~NMM~0~m~'~~~~w~mm.~~*~'~~~~D *~m~~ftR~~E(115) ManuelCastellsfllJ3i-#ftf!!! ' t~~ ~~W~ ~J&}ffB~M~6~7t~1JDw~~~m~.m'liifD~*~gjJJr 'W~~ rm~ ttMiflJ~*J ~QJM:R@A~U~ , 1ZSl~~Ij~~AAPJ{;t(*iH±iftiflJ(116) t±ifm~PJU~.mA~~~~~~.ffi~~.~'IZSl~~~~7t •• m!~t±iftiflj.l:tW~~~B~~* ' 17~~Djt~, ~~ , ~~J+lifD1JD-**~iJ ' ~ filfl$ ;fD fJl. it *~ H~~~1;!:t~.11*rl~~OO ' L.c. Chau B~1iffJE8~1J~t~t±:l ' ~~~ ~li+if.~mlf¥l~'w~~~~IA~I~8iEffi~~N__t~~.~*
0 0 0 0 0

~'MU •• &fi~~m.~.~*£'~*~ili~.~.~m~~M DM® •• ,~~,~m®~,.~W*~~~$ •• 0mo ~*,~~~~·m.®~.~A+~~~M~A~DB*M'K ~~oo~~,~m~B*«~~~~~~*'MU,~m~§~~ffi~ ~IW::r~tzJj®!~mW~~~*;Lr>l~al;_j;f§~1f~'(118) ~~~W~AB*.,~~~~m.~m*£~~M~~om.@ ~H1HJfiJf'9-E 'W-~A~P~;f§lX ,1t£1972~¥U1978~ , l~~~AD*tPr1 ~1fI-{lz~fm.l:tJ*A0 * £ ~1fI-{lz~fJ'[~riJ ' t~~$J!U*¥ll:;f§ 1"](119) ~)1r1i,§, ~~~$~R~'I§~~JHJm~~~®-@j, 1~ijl3zt~m$ , ~~~ m)1r1i~1961~¥1978~fijjfHi~l"]~n11'tft1Blr 1~1961~¥U1971~ , ~~~~M~'~D~~.a~'Mu~m~m r~.®.~J ~n~ J&:'tft ~)n~~mm~~1?dtt'!jm~~{2:ifi$ ' , 31<J!~)1rrm: iH&~1972¥U ; 1978~Mr>l9' J!ljc)c~~:t:~J&:~ , r<u~WliJ1I~~mm~~~*fU'!j;f§~~ '
0
0 ~ 0

11*~(120) ~~m~, •• ~m~~~~~~~~1I*~J&:'tft'~~~B*~ :JJ~ , ;§li~a,R~~~/\+~1-\T~M¥U1971 . 1972~r>l~~~*~al;_jfF

0

0~mm~M~oo,m.fi@m~«~~'J&:~~0~MMU.~ ~t~it~~*M~)[A~70%(121) m ~ , ~~¥*~~lli:fi~.~~:f~* Yi!i~ff:1f;l\l WE5J~~J&:~'fH~0m~5z:(122) , W~).~~J3 ~~~~~ ;Loo,~~~+~.*~~~'MU~~'~E5J~~mm~1I~*~. 0m~Moffi~m~*&fi0mJ&:'tft;m~~~~.~?~~,±~m .~~'~1I*T~~.1Iili*T~om='.W.1IT~'ilififfi~ *~ffl~m~0mJ3~.~.$ft ••• ~m.~A.~'MU'$~ ,R~.~:t:m*Att0m~~~m'M~~~tt~*m~,oo~tt~m .~~A.~mttmOOom~'~llim~mm~T~~~I~~m~:t: fi:f~*~JjU ' BJ!UW~~.E5J~~~ J31:t1~{!t~ ® § ~m: riJIW E5J ~'fi.~~*.~:*$~m~~0mJ3~~~M~¥~m~~R$ ~J3ff:~m'®IW~.~.E5J~IAJ3ff:~m~®§~~~oE5J~' [Ilf;J~~filiE5l*fipJT~ , BJ!U0~m m~~m ~ 0 B*:JJ:f~*Y9. fi!jJ~ I"] 1¥J~~o .m~~,~mJ&:~~~mMm'E5J~~m.®~m~0~mmJ&: ~(123)' ]H~tfu~c)c~0mJ3~J3tt~m ' r>l9~tfu~m:~0mJ3~~m .*,m:riJ0mJ3~m.~:JJ'U&~OO~~titl •• ~'Wfi-~~
0 0 0

~'ffilli.~m~~~~*~ol"]~,~m~~'J&:~MUfi~~*5z: M0~MmBM'~.~@~DM~~*'~*~~~~ffi~DM'J&: ~~A~~E5J®~bD'0~MmJ&:m.~m~*mm.moE5J~'M. 0~m&MM'.K~~m~M.fi~~~~~mW~tl*IWo~* ~~llif~V!~1t ' fZ1I"~J~1~Manuel CastellsA5i:l~~m~mmi&'tft~D ' m'W*~~Aftm~~~~h~~®m~:JJ~@*~±~~'~~T -mm~~m~~*'E5J~®~~~M0~o ~*m~~m~~w~~.~~~~m~MBM~*,~~~m~ lm~lijU~1'Jili~.~~~~m~~~I.1~ , i'&:t'K~~t*,~~~$ ~OO'$~ ••• fi~W~.*~tt~~.firiJaA~ffW~~~mI *1~aI;_jJff~~fi~~~~f;t~1iI ' m~ , lilit~WPD*~m~lm1!i.~~1'J ~~m.~~.~m~m'~~.~~~J&:m,~m~.~I*¥$~ 'l'8~m~*(125) ~~~Jjut~w ' ~*j]k~ifDAA~~~aI;_jI.¥$.m~'.~~~~:JJ*§~lm~**'ffi.~~·m.·~~·.~®. *wm=1-\I. ' ~~Ei3*tfuA~U~ , ~)~~~f7U ' ijlfflili.M1f3::,g ~it~~~S~~e~~m$'.fim:mE~;L~W~0~'Ei3~m~. 1'JW~1'Fm;L* m~ , KPDFrankH.H.King~mJu~~ '"~1961~~JM ' ~m~lm. I~U~1'J:f~*~~li:~)115i:*]f;~$W~mI*(127) , m ~~~mE+~ 1-\ ' •• ~~1'Jti~mI.W~~~+~~lt~~ 1972¥1977~ ~1i.~~,g*~f!!G.M.Sayerm~~: rA1I"*~m~~~m1tr~!pifD~~I* ¥$'ffiB3::~~llim~~~m~~£oJ~$~f!!m' ••• fi~~ Mi:f'@OOM~~.®8(128) ~~m9;D ' ~m~I*1~~ , ?Ii.~~m~ t~~~ , llim11Z~~1'FffllJl!l~~m~~mI.1~mJlj~~ , 19pD5lU~fi ili.~W~~W ' 8*~~~~~I.1~ , PD*~~~l~JjU~tfu~:f:l(;¥U;f§WI9: ~~.fiW~~W~~'~*.~*~~~*~~~*M~mI.*. P'3tm~fJ ' E5J®Y~.~~ , 19~rn~~~~tzJjlM~mI*1~~Dmk m~ ~~~.fiw~~~m~~m~ffl~~~~~~tt~o ~~ , ~tj\~ijl~f!!~:f~.aI;_jGerschenkron1~~(129)' *?i&~m~) ~3?~~~al;_j F",~m~Gerschenkron~~$ , ~.,R~ti+:tvf:lJJc.wnfHI *'(~~*~,~*~~(130) , 19~*~~~JH'J1'Fmf!!~~~~ , ~m~&:ffi'$¥ WJIj$(131) fi.mm-m:~'OO~DqoWti~m·~~~·e.&m.m:~J]{~~~ft~ : §~~/J\1l~~I*1~~:fE~IA~~;f§~1El~~(132) m
0 0 0 0 .~~~ , 0 0 0 0 0

~ , ft!!.~I±l*i¥J*amttfijlff~ , IlP-wii~~I~ , MfffrJM~?P(133) , ~PR~ ~;f$~&~~~ , 1ZSI~1±1919:¥1927ifMra' , J:f:l1~Wj~frI ' ~J:f:l~IA ~iJJi¥J~~(134) I~/f~11]~J:f:lili/f~mm!m ' IZSI~IEtzDMelvyn ubofsky D ~mm~~IA~~~Hm'I~~~.J:f:lWIA~~~~M~/f*
0

3 Milton & Rose Friedman' Brace Jovanovich, 1980),

Free to Choose: A Personal Statement (New York: Harcourt

pp.34-39. of

4 Alvin Rabushka Chicago' 5 1979). Edward

. Hong Kong: A Study of Economic Freedom (Chicago: University

F. Szczepanik, 1958).

The Economic

Growth

of Hong Kong (London:

Oxford

(135)

~e~OOi¥J~~,m~m~~TI¥J~~&m~: W~I~1~B"JlJ¥jtlil ' ~x*eJ:f:l~*iPB"J{3t* ; ~~~1i:;$:_:t~J'i~& ~$~mtt~~I¥J~*'W/f~W~~~~~HMI¥J~*'~fi~.I¥J *3'J!m-w~/f Jfl ~W!1i:;$:mttlil~ij{jffi]U~lJ¥jfrilI~1~ itE~@ ftJ l:t~ , W~ I¥JI ~ 1~~ 19l1!flt 1~14pIT £ l±.1¥J!fIt ' ~?p W! i:;$:_:t~ m ~) IE 1-1'; EfJe 17tl 1 HMI¥J1¥;17tl(136) IZSIJlt w~I±l3'J!I~1~ , TIft/f-5E*7F1±~@EfJe~ ' M1i:;$:_:t~ffi~m~1±m{3t~*J:f:lH~~*o li1n!Bw~a"JI~1~ , ~1±~ El3:oJ:1'H~iJlf)g;T~~I¥J ' tR:;$:/f 1¥1±~~1&~~I¥J~*il&~=fffl m~ , itEJ:tili3Zir~' ¥ITtJOf).!L&1¥iflU& ~HM,ml±lI¥J~_~~El3:oJ:ff~~il&~/f~W~~~~~I¥JMW'. :g '8 H:jiJW! J:R ~ ~ a"J'F Jfl W f m~ , 1949if.1&W~i¥Jil&¥il;fj5E ' !fIt5JU~#I~~I¥J;f§!'Mm~ ,~ w~~~m~m~~~I¥J-@~~IZSI.o:¥m-~5MmR~1±mR_:t~ EfJett~mffim£J:f:l*I±l~~l±lmil&~;fj5E'~1±TOO~mmo m~,~{3tw~~~i¥J~M,~w~tl*~m~l±.~*I¥J~~o~ 1)'J;~~H±TOO~1mm
0 0

University Press'

6 ~!jJif'&iii\'* ~ G# : Jonathan R. Schiffer' on the Hong Kong Model. 7 Peter L. Berger' 115-139. 8 ~ J:. , pp.140-171 9 Lennox A. Mills' economic development 1942), 1958)' pp.14-25. The Capitalist Revolution,

State Policy and Economic Growth: a Note

(New York: Basic Books,

1986),

pp.

, pp.21O-224

British Rule in Eastern Asia: A study of contemporary in British Malaya and Hong Kong'

government

and

~* '

(London: Oxford University Press'

p.373. G.B. Endacort . A History of Hong Kong (London: Oxford University Press'

10 G.B. Endacott , op. cit. , pp.64-65. 11 G.B. Endacott

»

op.cit. pp.109-110o

;j<.¥_L,

.t~Jt,*,

Jia.,,:,
0

«.t,(~i.t.!'i;ai'I*.£
0

'tt,*-of *1111 18,1840-198@ (;lMI'i : ;It.\JtAJ\ tluili..;j1. , 1990) , pp.38-45 12 G.B. Endacott , op. cit. pp.260-262.;j<. ¥ _L t ' J:. ~i , pp.54-57 13 14

c.c. Eldridge'
Ronald

Victorian Imperialism (London: Hodder & Stoughton' Imperial Century 1815-1914 : A Study

1978),

p.12. and

Hyarn e Britain's

of Empire

Expansion (New York: of @ a!;;t'i _ii;_

Harper & Row,

0

1976) #.J:" tl::,

IA

T 11.. .ic. *- -9jI ;.;, 1It.)l,l] I*] , ilt"

-it @ A

~ttfJt tJ 't 6~

("For most of the (nineteenth)

Century Britain's

interest in China

was purely commercial".)J

p.360. ~i& f1!>..J~ *@ AT ;l1..ilt" ;Kfo/f v:< A of @ ;1;!f 4}j _±_1f,l,;, tl:: .ic.

Jt~~~~m.:~~Aofl~X~~.'~of.~.**-,~ft*.@M*~T'p. 364
0

T %. :/.tt ;fa!;

«.

@ j:_J:, fx

'* .tJ)

if; - J/l.-(;lt:r:

: AJ\

tl:: #li..;/1.

, 1961)J!IJ;jii tl::

, r,t t *
0£})

@fx ~.j!Ji, -fir

IIt1 of @ 11 f -it ,

n~
1 Ronald A. Ma & Edward F. SzczcpaniktJb l,f: JL ' ;t,nj -4'-) , The National Income of Hong Kong 1947-1950 (HI<.: University of Hong Kong Press' ~~&.*~~~oA~~~,f..~~&.*,~~##~*,~~·~*~;!f~~~~, v:< 1949-4'-,jl:,f7'i ' m.r1lJ~f;l;~,jl:,2,632i.t.'!j}Jt , m.1~,jl:,I,775Jt 1977)'
0

at ' yll 5~A of @ if} ~~1.JL~.{;J:

*;/] -f1.. ~
a~ ,

i'i1864-4'-A"-'I7J

ytJi'U:_#T

;jreA~ 7 ± -+ 3<. @ $_ J\ $.4'i!

a~ l;fll..)'f. J (pp.187-188)
;j~H7}k~{-;jJt*-

; ~i!:& , 1}t~ lit i'11895-4'- 'f

-'I !fJi,f.U:. , "-'171 HHH~ ~ of @ a~ I of ,1,; <l Y

T ;/t,ilt".*G;t.{<..JJ/.. tl:: 15

:tt'*

tJ .i'a 'ijf J%;to;j;y. ~ 4"

tt J

(p.189) ,
0

4}j_±_1f,1,;

Jt.iVs

ai; ~11!l k ,f..j:_J:, @ ~-tt @;fP El,f..(pp.194-195) >tf..iiUtJt~i{-of

1955)~i~JtIlt.t't1961-4'-~i;;!f,f..

~JtI941-4'-ilHt:.f'

1931-t~C;,jl:,ATJi_,ie;A.,

El!fJi,-f:J'!-!t"¥-st

.I*]AJ\~~*~~~'~~~Ilt~n~1~9-4'--4'-~'A~ofl_J\~r1lJ4~T,ie;A.'JL JLCheng Tong Yung : The David Podmore 6~The Population Industrial Colony' 16 Iltt p.24. , .i!i~;:!a~
0

In Hong Kong'

i{-Keith

Hopkinsss

6i} Hong

Kong:

The

Economy of Hong Kong (HI<.: Far East Publications' 2 Press' The World Bank, 1993), p.239
0 )}

p.145.

World Development

Report 1993 (New York: Oxford University ' ~~6~A.YJGDP

J:.~6~~,.ts

of @ ,)1"!/; ai;jt,'i'

, e., ~1915-4'-ai;28%,

ff~i'iI920-4'-a~ Setting

71tlii

, ;jrdJ~1993-4'-1l}} 12 ElTime Magazindr.."¥'p.25.

20% , 1930J'_38-t (London: Collins'

101 kff~J'_10% 1949), p.164.

JLS.G. Davis es Hong Kong in its Geographical

,jl:,-,ie;-t.-ti::Jt,

e.,,\[i!:&*@

17 S.G. Davis, 18 E. Hambro

op.cit. ' p.18S.

»

1!i'ii.r:l ~uJ(rliJWilm)
of Chinese Refugees in Hong Kong (Leyden: A.W.

The Problem

-+1;)1950 3,296 1,534 1,070 1,503 2,892 8,596 1955

Sijthoff . 1955),

p.144. op. cit' p.375. in China: a Handbook (Hong Kong: Dragonfly'

19 Lennox A. Mills'

20 Henry J. Lethbridge, 1966)' 21 £33.5%(1'

j'lij 1,1;50% '

Communism

1960 1965

pp.74-75. 41949Jf->:.(tr, ~ fVt) 'f~$l-~Jf~~Iil'li'Ji;!-~.Y' 1950Jf-, Gm.it.j,'t~i'126%(~Jf~fk;it) , 1957Jf-

1970 ~Jf~ 1975

-11!l]i_Jf-iUlttAt.~

, .~Jf~~OO1,1; China'

l' ~~hr7S%
0

,.$1'

JL Yuan-Ii Wu6~The Economy of Communist

l-\:f.atJiJll9%Aili
~7,;'a'

p.175

.(i.~

[1

11 417Mdt 7J 1950Jf-U:t

JL ~ J:. , p.188

Wi '1947Jf-~

18%A'lfif..114h, J.ildHHt61%£h"'

62%AJ.il(;j"t~it.<\4t JL~t"p.174'

26 JLP.S. Wong'

The Influx of Chinese Capital into Hong Kong since 1937 (Hong Kong: and Development

~A'l1"-if..114h31%'

ili"W',;'a1"'~{-9%'
Wang)

,1i,'lfif..Ai14h;;\1lit~

Kai Ming , 1958) , p.5 , ~I i{--Yin-ping Ho 61Trade , Industrial Restructuring in Hong Kong (London: Maclvlillan
>

.~*~*.,&7JM~.a~~4~n*&~o 22 JL_f_$-3i\(Gungwu , China and the World Maclvlillan since

>

1992) , p.6 Fortune

't t.o!;

, .{i.1949Jf- tr , k fi 'l1"- G ± (p.116)1Af;hts,000lf;

JIll ~I;iJfc

1949:

The Impact

of

A.1f~

, 1'HaJ:.t"

~ YH.t~11947Jf-l0JJ

Magazine

-k7C..iiL1t '

Independence'

Modernity and Revolution (London:

1977)'

p.58.

~~2~MJ:.~~~.~*I-.{i..~#.o 27 E. Szczepanik' J:. ~I~i. , p.183

0 0

23 Yuan-Ii Wu ' op.cit : pp.172-3. 24 Jeffrey Hcnderson s=Richard

Development
0

Process

l'

*'

P. Appelbaum.{i.Situating

the State in the East Asian

28 JLJ:. ~I Yin-ping Ho , p.6 29 Edward K.Y.Chen Kong' Malcolm Japan' Gillisf Korea'

4lf1 tI::

I" .... ;}.I'~ 61J~J'1'.,!ti;!;;i~1t it( l'

>R 5l. iHi)~ j:. 1t

61-11!l"t" ~

, Hyper-growth Singapore

in Asian Economies: (London: (New York: ••

A Comparative Maclvlillan .

Study of Hong 1979), p.Sl

0

Elf. Elif.. ' i; ~;fa m.f¥:->:.( ~'I ;t Jt..J_ fo,R ~ if': ~

~*-i'f

aKWJ1Ul ~61.!ji. ,,--;;\11 it til -k ~ 61~V/};fa#~t#tttP!T m.f¥: ' i;~' ;fait tj'lit 1f i1t 61 ~ii. j:. ~~;J_ 1: .'Ji..~{-~!t~ + Jf- 1\
•••

and Taiwan

.Il'l.{i.Economics of Development

W.W. Norton'

1983)4lf1:l:: :

~I;£ -t

+ Jf-f\ l' 61~

m.l'~ -f

0 (""

·the geopolitics of the cold war proved to be an important of Japan' Taiwan and South Korea--and in South Korea' the

I-MA.~~it'lfif..~J:..~~1t~#~ota.~

~'lfif...{i.~A.~~'f~~~~m

factor in industrialization. militaries transfer as bulwarks

The economies

e, "''''-i! f.6Jf 1t 15;it

1,tA~i!',)lt A.J'8~ "1-

of the latter two couutries--were against communism'

deliberately

built with US aid and technology Taiwan and ,JLf~1F1% 1992)' p.

+""" G ~

.{i.197SJf-tr-t

.li..Jf-:lt..11!l-w,'-.it ~ ~

l' , Jfl.1t '}f %: '

j- 417 'l1"" if..~.tA. "71!ii G k it ;Il'1t.{i.-w,'-~;fJ]$Jl i

, 'l1"-

61"tlf.Jt.iiL~ .{i.1l~ ~(-it ~ 'f)~ "One

······Manufacturing

if..JfjA#J'8~6H'J.f}t~ltU1"··"(pp.262-263) fundamentalism to recognize

need not be a partisan

of capital in a

particularly in Hong Kong also benefited from the United States war in Vietnam.")J .iIi, 61States and Development in the Asian Pacific Rim (Newburry Park: SAGE,

the critical role of savings and capital in income growth+--:

number of studies it had been estimated that expansion

in real physical capital inputs alone has

~oElif..,i;~,~m#it*.'f~J'1'.A~~1:A~,~it~~M~,~it,;ff~~~R ~it1:~~'-k~A~~k~~M1f~~~ff#R##~1f~Afo,RAif':~oJt~'~T ~m.-f~*'1~~1f~k1:Jt~~~it~ii.t~it.~'Mt~~~ff.'ElA1f~

been responsible for almost half of the growth in aggregate income of nine developed countries in the 15 years prior to 1975"""the
Oil

available evidence suggests that the impact of captial formation countries as well, particularly in the early stages

growth is considerable
COWl try's

in those (developing) "

0

it"",4-

Iff...t$l-**J

(R & R)6HJJ,r'J~,'l'.,I;.t..-

, .(if .2.;"t-~ii.1I1

((~.~HtiJt.)j..»
••

"jHt.{i.-k ~~*o~ '

of a

development

J An Inquiry into the Poverty of Nations (New York:

~WT~~~~~'~.f.~%A~~*.~~ff~.&'f_tl:~J~~~

30 Gunnar Myrdal : Asian Drama: Pantheon' 31 1968)' VoU,

it!l., HendersollfA.1t1fi1tPo9M0'-~rr61J\ikP.ti."

fii!.tdHt1fi.t.1tJit.{i..t%'ii\l--it~'f1!71'FJfI

p.650; VoI.l I , p.11S1.

0

~ W #.f.tWi
~t; (:t~

i@l 't

J~7J;jh.t-

E, Harnbro

' J:. ~I # , pp.63-64

K.R. Chou P}JA.

25 Cheng Tong Yung , J:. ~UHi.(l) , T*-ftJ( ~ ~JJ :

, p.179

*I- [1

'Ii' Jb

61 ~~.\i.. ' i'l T -t -tJf-f\

l' Mot JIll

1961 Jf--t ~!ljj oT- %A

11 + Kong p.5.

If; A. , ~~ 't i{-;ff ~

'*

*'
[1

~lf1:l::: 678-9%

I.{i. 4.;fa.1t
0 ~

41tA. Jl 7J

llij ,

11!l ft.1"I.1i\'5l. iIlI;J#;.ij!.}t~f

~~~o~1F1~~A.A.MkJait~#l-\,k~~A~~'f~~&IA.~~.
~ 0

'The

Hong 1966)'

Economy:

A Miracle

of Growth

(Hong

Kong:

Academic

Publications' 32

ljjtiA(A1exallder

Grantham)

((ljyiJ\-@)'I;t~»

'Via

Port from Hong Kong to Hong

Kong' TI

'ii' *4c"'f '

(1i'-~ :

!Ii mit,

1984) , p.212

~A~R~~."M.*~

• .j!t-mLt1'~##~~-.'~~~8~ik.~4*.~~
0

~~~~~*~~1i'-~L'lt~~M~~A.~~~~"~&.*'~*~·*.

h.~mRRm'~.~~4~~~~M~~~*.~~~A.~
~~.~~4~~~ ~1~~I~~*~A* ./i1l-~ Economy: .• iili-r-l~' £ •• *.,~~~~,~A~Ao~.~'~~M1l-~ •• *~. ~"'k~~~~R,~~~~~1l-~*.~#~~o *';J)h1HQ.i~61~},jJ'.~t-/llIGavin Analysis (Hong Kong:

••

*'~~'~.1l••

«.~.

~.t,tAAi\,;i{--~'±'61''8R~.ft~t..t,t simply a transfer of economic

("A significant

component

of Hong Kong's

'growth'

was

activity from one industrial centre to another'

and as such it ,YL;i\--11!'.

should not be compared with the more indigenous growth found in other countries.")J ~Economic Policy in Hong Kong' >IU{--ttJ:. ~IKeith HopkillS(.t¢,) , P.149 . Verso' 1980)' pp.15-31.

Peebles m Hong Kong's Oxford University Press'

40 Ernest Mandel' 41

The Second Slump (London:

An Introductory

Macroeconomic

~¥.

.~I,Jt

-f~ ~ 1l-;'.{I;-.ljlUt.~Q.;,ili-*.'~ l;flilllf;Q.ijl(-,,¥, ~~$<) ~

T'~

A1t*,6~j£*

1988) , p.59 : Wii1955-84!~H~:a~pt

,,¥,~~~~*a~~~##o#~ft"~U~'1l-~.**.~~~~~£~*.~.~

Ht(lif'Ji:;ti;ii ~UHl~!.fiH!'!Ili~ :$t ~t) S *1JJhAU* 'J'f~ *L

33.5 20.0 46.5

~#M~,~~.t5~m~l~aI·.~RA."*.h'*4~~"kl',~~l~~ 'it"t
0

'*

iii; 1Zbi, *'1ittAs1l-;'.{i;-L t~.~

; (L)A
0

1El* e,#('f)~;t" ;f".~j;

ftJf~jl 1955-70 Peebles 1971-84 34 ;llj][ iJ\../i@)'IH'fi: 46.6 26.4 r./i ~ il.z..#) , ~~~i.{i;27.0

£;f-Jt;it~"t>;t.*. ;iA

6Hy,j9\k~h

*' ~

6H'IJUll' JJI,~:>t*L

.1\ , 4'

@)41\rfr~'*i ~MJ iji!.61k Y

0

• k ~;f,,~'it"t

; (fJ'j);iJ]M..L'itJ.k:f_*1or*.~t-;

(T)#rL#o 61~:fi~:

t"~~tA61$$(pp.7-8)

1t;i{--ft

p/f~I 6jK.R. Chou ,I>, "t ' ft!;~fit.Ufl_ij!.

r 4\ 1rHl.,J.Il71<.~ZbIl!l61A;f;#~ t

~ 1l-~f<'-!£'

.*#~~*~~**,j:_*./i~-~~.j!t1'I~Aktk~~*~h'~-~~A~t Il!l*~-". J,\.)Ii;(1l-i.{i;-Fj;_~'W Jl;ilt~ 6HU;f"7rl~U#*k

0 ~~, 0

l' ~1~a:

'I1"'1':KJ1~1l:. m ;i{--j1)j 'ltJ:. 61 *

1t~j:_~*,

J ~~

, 1t~~iJL#T t.&,~j;*,
0

~1!t~: J (P.9)

r~

*)!5./i,fu~

Il!l~

.,~~~~./i~~~~.~~T~.,~~~#~Lt~k'.1'~-k~~~~~&
*Hd'J
0

~./iLt1t61.jc*~.

J J:.~lft

;i~~j_p/fiit6'Jkl"

e,.t5*-m.5UH~kl'./i~ •• ~ ••

42 (London:

~II>IRiJt_mt{;f6~~;\Ur?gR1\Ffr~0'o.$jJ, Verso' 1978) , ~

~.jcIlllErnest

Mandcl m Lare Capitalism pp.108-146

0

.J:.~"k~kl'k.~~.~~+m~~~~.~ ~L$jJ~-t;t~1~11i.6j~jJ);iA'u ~~tFaure' ' YL

'*J:.~*l'.~%#.

I!!I-t '

"Long Waves" in the History of Capitalism'

*-k , ~Mi'W

t.Utk

' >;(SH%i& ElK1l-;'.{I;-!Ii;&1fi.HHl-l' to Hong Kong' >It;i{--David Roots of

43 Lloyd G. Reynolds, Yale University Press'

Economic

Growth in the Third World 1850-1980 (New Haven:

.iil1~, The Migration

p.220. op.cit.»

of Shanghainese

Entrepreneurs

1985) , p.36. The Global Political Economy: Perspectives' Problems

James Hayes x.Alan BircM.It, 61From Village to City:

Studies in the Traditional

44 Stephen Gill and David Law' & Policies (Baltimore:

Hong Kong Society' 35

The John Hopkins University Press'

1988) , p.230. Economic Relations (New York: St.

*i!g1~,
J:. 4- ~

pp.207-217°

./i 1948-+ % , ./ijl~.i:i\.'lt>;(1\~hil;~~~61k~e,~-s-

45 Joan Edelman Spero, The Politics of International Martins, 1990), 4th edition, p.22. ~ ~ , ~;i ~ * Il!lrfr~ J.1"

~~~~~~.,~~~#~'~~~A~~#~#il1l-~o 36

Jb 61 •

~ 1 lj~ ,j~f;._ 6~JJI,~ , ./i ~ fJ 1tli

t

'It ~

./i1l-;'.{i;-jl~ .!j\',

'It 61 'i'~'Ii

-r 1!Cf

tt 't-~"t YL:
0

r ./ij}j t,); 'It 'p.219

0

' .j!t1947-+ f'l

Y~'li./i~:

~1l!l~~B'~.Il!lA~,.4*~I~LI~j:_~~~±tl~~o 46 Joan Edelman Spero,J:. ~I , p.23. 47 Lloyd G. Reynolds, op. cit., p.36. 48 A1963-+, 1l-i.{i;-$!- m #1,1;~.Jt-

1959-+(1l-~)M;iU1~~-r"Ud

,J:.4-/df;l.~

~~M

J ~J:.
0

r ./i1;-;.{i;-~ilb~J:.~61jl~f)·L'it./iA~-+1\iJ]l1!ij1f spinning industry which set off industrialization YLFrederick Clairmonte and John Cavanagh' Multinationals (London: Zed Press'

L 'it it.

("In Hong Kong it was the

in the early 1950s , originally in Shanghai.")'] The World in their Web: The Dynamics of Textile

'W Jb

6'J4% ' f'l T 1978-+ , ~ 11ll ~tf ~ J:. -It f'112%

0

~.ft!;67~.1' of the Changing

Il!l~~tt.*f1%'o.j}'1~12%;f"16% International Division

YLAJ.Field, Trade & Textiles: An Analysis & Clothing Sector, 1963-78

1981) , p.182. of Shanghai (Shanghai: China Institute

of Labour in the Textile

37 D.K. Lieu' of Pacific Relations'

The Growth and Industrialization

(Quezon City: New Day Publishers, 1984), p.10. 49 Lloyd G. Reynolds, op. cit., p.58, p.74. 50 Bela Balassa, The Process of Industrial Development and Alternative Development

1936), p.16 , pp.26-41 , p.78 , pp.208-209. Economic 1941), Shanghai: Hostage to Politics 1937-1941 (New York: p.76.

38 Robert W. Barnett' Institute of Pacific Relations,

Strategies (Washington

D.C.: World Bank, 1980), World Bank Staff Working Paper No. 438, p. Il!l7r ' 1i'-;'.{I;-~.(i-1"ln " ' ./if<'-.L m 5l_

39 i£ ~ Nicholas C. Owenifl.iff1i'-i.{i;-rQ.ij\f-J'8ik. 10r i, ll.\.it ~ ~~Jlt T ;\LW.~(1I>1;i{--~.~'!;1~ ~ ~ ~~ t-~~-~H~,~~.j!t1l-~ •• ~~~*.J:.,£~~.~~YLr1l-~r~ik.J

13. Balassa_;iU:fi ~ , ~ T L t~<jl'~$jJ6Ht

i{;jJ]~

'It ~;t
mAo

~*

-.'i'

61 L t

' p.7
0

Gunnar

Myrdal A ftJ:. ~I "~~

l' #~ii ~ ,

~~W-

JT"'-1\A

¥. ,

Vol. I, p.669

*- thhI1il ~ 'ij; it" ~ , YLChng Meng Kng 6~ A Comparative

Study of the

Industrialization

Experiences

of the ASEAN

Countries,

./'i-Edward KY.

Chen et al.(~)(>'i

International Trade (Washington 69 jii)~'p.71. 70 jii)~ 'p.n.

D.C. : Brookings Institution, 1985), p.69.

Industrial and Trade Development 1991) , p.226.

in Hong Kong (Hong Kong:

University of Hong Kong Press,

51 Nyaw Mee-Kau, The Experiences Comparative Study.YLfr(50) ~) Edward

of In~strial

Growth in Hong Kong and Singapore: A ' p.204.

71 Edward KY. Chen, Multinational MacMillan, 1983), p.51.

Corporations,

Technology

and Employment

(London:

K.Y. Chen

et al. (i1i,)6BH'F

52 Joan Edehmin Spero, op cit., p.206. 53 Andre Gunder Frank, Crisis: 100. 54 ./'i-1949if-,
>;(

72 Jeffrey Henderson, ti.,p.87. 1981), pp. 9673 Jon Woronoff, op. cit., p.170. 74 Cheng Tong Yung, op. cit., p.165.

in the Third World (London: Heinemann,

-+ JJ) l!iJ1\ ~tA.1~ , 1I-it./'i-.§. i/I) ;t ~ , ~t.~~i.i!t

11- it

61 Y,

11.!'-l *-.§.;;fp
' 1I-it.I.

75 Kong:

H.A. Turner et al., Between Two Societies: University of Hong Kong, 1991), p.12. Yin-Ping

Hong Kong Labour in Transition

(Hong

U#«,$~.Jy,a.it~A.~+o.t4.§.~~~~~t~A~&~~~AM.W~

~:k. 6111; , ]!')1I-it.I. it 1.;,;t ~

YL~~)

.!'-l c'it.l

, !t iI} if-~fJo Henderson,

' p.19 The

41960if-

it
of

76

Ho, Hong Kong's Trade and Industry:

Changing

Patterns and Prospects, University

JL

or ~E #,q,_ ~
Technological

i\-.§. i/I) -it'.

$, ~ ~ ~ , JLJeffrey

Political

Economy

Joseph Y.S. Cheng, Hong Kong in Transition, p.175. 77 Cheny Tong Yung, op. cit., p.155. 78 Yin-Ping Ho, op. ciL,ti.(75) ,p.179
0 ~)

(Hong Kong:Oxford

Press, 1986),

Transformation

in the Hong Kong Electronic Industry, YLti.(50)

~~) Edward KY.

Chen et al. CW,) , p.87. 55 Brian Toyne et al., The Global Textile Industry (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1984), p.llO, pp. 145-146, p.175. 56 William F. Beazer, The Commercial p.58. 57 i,'t1977if-IItHI;, ••• e,£.JlJfI~;;fp.JlJ[ J1Lil!i1Jo;Kjl~U"-tI:: .I.-;tA*(] 'i'!j[_fIJJJL4~Qi~~"'•• ~ Future of Hong Kong (New York: Praeger, 1978),

EJ MA.5J

1.lo £'1980if-12}]

2 El1l-i-it-.I. .AW,1i

~ -'f- .tHf'J1iijiil¢-

79 ibid., p167. 80 H.A. Turner, op. cit., ti.,

I;jtt.HQii!i-~~t,iii

't ~iit 4'- ~~-4

411t-f-., ~
0 0

~~if-1\a

-G ~if-1\

#ift.~,l[i&20%-1I-it.I..~~t1ft£.;;f{1JJt.&fHn1~,j(-+: ;t~~{J}~1t1ll:_ , ~jii) ~

#!l'J~1Itnffi.'
1t.I..~Jt4--,1t.f.
0

YL~a,.JlJ[JILI~-a

M~a"'-nA~~
0

••

~fttl::$t~m~~m~~~

iii' '

;fJj-1JoJJt~IfJ·¥H'$,{I!!..§.i/I)±;t~

+Ht,kl£

'1%..f.lt~~~i;jHp*-i-~;t

JLPonna Wignaraja61The

East Asian NICs and the Economies of Asia:

;t11Jf.;di.· ..·.. i'!~

82 Yan-ki

South Asia Reality,:.i-t-Manfred Kulessa (ed.)61The Prospects of Co-operation (Heidelberg:

Newly Industrializing

, .I..~~Uft1%.'1 ' :it;.r;~.tl;ttj'8R4'81 Cheng Tong Yung, op. cit., p.249. Ho and Cheung-kwok

'p.12

Springer-Verlag

Berlin, 1990), pp. 139-140.

Law, The Hong Kong Financial

Markets: p.2.

Empirical

58 Colonial Reports:Hong 59 jii)J:_

0

Kong 1955 (London: Stationery Office, 1956), p.49.

Evidences (Hong Kong: University Publisher and Printer, 1983), Introduction, 83 Y.c. Jao, Monetary System' and Banking Structure,

YLH.C.Y. Ho and L.c. Chau (ed),

0 ~

60 Colonial Reports: Hong Kong 1953, p.67. hl s.QD~~aA'~*~~if-R~~tI::~~~~~M«~~~.l'1I-it~~~.I.. 'op. cit., ti., p.152
0

The Economic System of Hong Kong (Hong Kong: Asian Research Service, 1988), pp.67-70 i&1~Frederic (m ,It.)-t-i~;tift. .,mA ;;It ;tH.fJo •• C. DeyoM:.aA,

I·.. (~)~,ijl<'

,iii;.r;~~ii..' fij ~~:it~4'-

4"4Jj-t-it.1i'.i;~#I£""" A~

1t;lJUi1i~:k.

~ jJP') ~ t i\-tt ~ JI!!. -i-oiil:t·" ~

*J

'~i' itti\-{l
a Strategic

dij

61.fti1.

62 Colonial Reports: Hong Kong 1952, pp.71-2. 63 Hong Kong Annual Report: 1961. 64 ibid. 65 Jon Woronoff, p.166. 66 ~~ , pp.166-7. Hong Kong: Capitalist Paradise (Hong Kong: Heinemann Asia, 1980),

#(]114~,titll~~,-t-it4*kM~.I..,;KjI~~~-i-oiil:*~~ Coalition, Institutions, and Linkage Sequencing-e-v-Toward Capacity

m'

Model of East Asian Development,YLFrederic Asian Industrializalion 84 jii)~, p.70. 85 jii)~,p.n.

C. Deyo (.W,)61The Political Economy of the New

(Ithaca N.Y: Cornell University Press, 1987), p.244.

67 Ronald Hsia, Henry Ho and Edwin Lim, The Structure and Growth of the Hong Kong Economy (Wiesbaden: 68 Joseph Otto Harrassowitz & Kenneth , 1975), p.75. Flamm, The Global Factory: Foreign Assembly in

86 Joseph C.H. Chai, Economic Relations with China, YLH.C.Y. Ho and L.C. Chau (ed.), ti. (82)~~) , p.148.

Grunwald

~ 4~#'L~*'~~.'~.~' «t~&$M~~~~~fij~~.~.~:

,l;jf-1Uil.%» (tht: 88

mif-~t:4IIA-r'

1992),

p.3l. in General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade,

W3

Gordon White (ed.) Developmental

States in East Asia (London:

MacM illan Press, in

Report by the Hong Kong Govermnent,

1988) ; Robert Wade, Governing East Asian Industrialization

the Market: Economic

Theory and the Role of Goverrnent

Trade Policy Review: Hong Kong 1990 (Geneva: GATT, 1990), p.46. ~ ~~o~~,~*.~LA~*.~&.a~I'~~*M.~t

(princeton: Princeton University Press, 1990).

~! 61tt.
90

T i't ' -1;(1980-+ 6742%1'i1989-+

~30%
0

'

-i"-.~

••

A.~~ ~ tt 1: 11

~~,~,f.)~.~.~A~m~~ff.~fA~~Wo 104 Robert Wade, "Industrial Policy ill East Asia: Does it lead or follow the market," in Miracles: Paths of Industrialization ill Latin America and

t ~& 1.';_f..~~;i.i,!lfA

d:i1980-+ 6724%.f%i.i't1'i19883f- 6720% ' p.47

Gary Gereffi et al.(ed.), Manufacturing litH!; lIt'HtA*- -,*.ft •• Lt~ r ••

Ji

-:t

JiJ , • i-it-L t#fHt

4' lliI-I!c.1i)!I1:.:k.:

r 4' lliIM978-+

East Asia (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1990) p. 235. *M11~.~AI4;t.~~ffi~orft,*~Ji-~~~'.Aa~.~~ffi~~ orij~*~f.!J!.i~, f.t*t·ti,1<r.i-it-;jJl.A.~~ffi1"I-t, •• 1f'i*oWilliam McCord1Jtk~1~diL:

4'lliI*.~~~M~'#Mk*.~~,~~.~Lff~~~~'.~~*L .:k.~.~##~.:k.M~'4'lliI.~*L*.~W_f..R~m o -RJ.J1.. 67.i. ~ Jl'. d:i 1990's: The Impact

0

•• Economic Integration

~M~'~AA4'.~A~

J ;f:..!l\o 'f ' The

of Hong Kong with China in the and Hong Kong Project,

kd:iA.~Lt4~~~'~~k~d:i~~
0

'*.i.*~~~,~~~~~.~ 1991), p.

on Hong Kong, Research

Paper No.1, Canada

0

6111'1-t-l!c..j,ok 103.

»The

Dawn of the Pacific Century, (New Brunswick: Transaction,

(Toronto: Joint Centre for Asian Pacific Studies, 1992) 91 ,f.)1Jl.1it'f-orv:ot5?'-&.~~UH-r.~~i;jJi: ~~ 'p.47; .z: ,.tt.19763f-, ~t

-,

.tt.19853f-,

'R1bRRil.#-1.';_f..i!~&

105 Edward K. Y. Chen & Kui - wai Li, Industrial Development Hong Kong' 106 .IS

JSfA6767%'

,RU!TR;,:-Jf]

ft1Jil.A.1!t0'-j)'J{;(1976-+

676%,f,,22%-it .-f.19853f- 6H4%R26% 92 GATT, op. cit., p.207. 93 ibid., pp.44-5.

' H.A. Turner et aI., op. cit., p.25.

4' ' 4' :J<:4J!.1Ho~t4)1.ff;;\"II7t.b1U}i[lj 0'-61 : 4' :J<:4Jl.ff~.f,,( f 1f-,f'j;"t-1./)*.Jt11l'. ~ 1t4Jl-IT tdF 4J!.ffi€-~i~;j!Ht-f' ~R, ~i;'l.i.ltJl'., ;t11-1"~t4)1.-ITA~F4Jl.ffi€-~iU\,YA*4':J<:4Jl.H

ft.

and Industrial

Policy in

Ji..;i{'Edward K. Y. Chen et al. (.w,) , fr(50), pp.39-40. i! J:. ~ il

't 41th "7 .f

4' :,Jcif'c1-r l!"ji , ;; ifl !

fir

:t.tt. ~

+ fJf

.ft. ~

* Jiff

f.!J!.i~

94 Joseph C. H. Chai, Economic Relations with China, in H.C.Y. Ho et aI., op. cit., p.152. 95 Yun-wing Sung, The China-Hong Kong Connection: The Key to China's Open-door

~.h~#.o*.~Jl'.d:i'~Mk~~~~A_~oor7t'A.~,d:i~.Jt#.&~« JJt,fo *;UI.,tiili'l&

{i
0

, 4' :J<:4Jl.ff~ ~ 1t4J!.ff~r _lL;j~ j;t~

0

, <;--- I,Hl,1f-4J!.ff4f 1iHkAt,

~ ~F 1tiH'j6')!tl!. Kong

Policy (Cambridge:

CUP, 1991), p.16, pp.28-42. in Public Policy .L ~I it. 4' ' ~ , f!J!.i~or •• k , 1"HoE. Szczepanik1~·A ' ,f'J;W-.i!L •• *~~A t-f.
v:.( ~

~~t4<-.j4f#.or~Vtl!..*~,f'IA_~,fo1fi);fh

The Role of the Hong

96 Alvin Rabushka, The Changing Face of Hong Kong: New Departures (Washington 4lfi~ D.C. AEl-Hoover Policy Studies, 1973), p.n .g!J!.i~U~ i)lJ J
0

Bank, Richard Yan-hi Ho et al. (ed.), The Hong Kong Financial System (Hong Kong: Oxford University Press, 1991), pp 40-4l. 107 • i! 0171' El!1r *'1 ' kA*,~;i{-1972"f-6 Standard

.tt.A1via Rabushka, *-_f..~ 11..=..1i!1 :

.i! jj~ ~

~~.tt.1973-1976-+JlMo'"7

1tfi.R ~

tI ~ d:i if- W)).f.iL ,

;i{- ~

-+ ;K1ij.1'.f~

67

Ji..fkfJ: of Hong

d:i~~*M~~4L.'~ff~*;'::""*LRff_f..~&~.,"="'A~~~fffi Jlt AR

'

At '

From Sterling Exchange

to Dollar Exchange

Standard:

The Evolution

11;~} A*-

' pp.3-6

j\Ji 1>H1;.{ji!-tttt:.

F~~

Kong's Contemporary

Monetary System 1967-89 , ~Y.

C. Jao and Frank H.H. King m Money in HKU, 1990), pp. 56-58 . A Comparative

• ~~~&~~~J-~~k~~~*a,~~~~d:iW_f...i.Ak~~.~ 1:~*a.ti~-t ' p.7-8

0

Hong Kong: Historical perspective and Contemporary 108 Y. C. Jao, Financial

Analysis(HK:

op. cit.,it.

Reform in China and Hong Kong 1978-89: AND, 1991), p.31.

97 Nicholas C. Owen, Economic Policy in Hong Kong, .L ~I Keith Hopkins (.w,) , p.141. 98 Gunnar Myrdal, op. cit., Vol. I I,pp.1151-2. 99 100 «.~-+:IJ1J:» Richard : 1950(.~ :

Overview, Pacific Economic Paper No.193(Canberra: 109 ibid, pp.32-3.

;"H~ ill.. ' EI

1950, J..=..~

~4'

p.49)

110 Nicholas Owen. op. cit., pp. 150-153.

0

Hughes,

Hong Kong: Borrowed

Place, Borrowed

Time (London:

Andre

111 Stephen Haggard, Pathways from the Periphery: The Politics of Growth in the Newly Industrializing Countries
0

Deutsh, 1968), p.17. 101 G.B. Endacott, op. cit. W2~ ••• rA~.tt. •• *~~«~m~k~:t~~Jf]oA~4~4*-~11~.~*~~ •• Remarks by the Representative ~ffA.fo~ of Hong Kong)/..

(Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1990), p.l3.

112 A. J. Youngson, Hong Kong: Economic Growth and Policy, pp. 132-136. 113 State Policy and Economic Growth: A Note on the Hong Kong Model, International
0

«~,~~a**-_f..~tttt~,*~~i!-#RM&*a~11
0

Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Vol. 15, No.2, June 1991, pp. 180-196 114 ibid., p. ] 95. 115 ibid., p. 188.

t ;it ;t )'l'1 d:i,fh1f-~ 1r1~ ;it GATT, op. cit., p.320

0

Introduductory

interest he frequently promotes that of the society more effectually than when he really intends to 116 the State, Manuel Castells, Four Asian Tigers with a Dragon Head: A Comparative Economy and Society in the Asian Pacific Rim, JLJeffery Henderson Analysis of ,f" Richard P. promote its.")J Jl.,Adam Smith, Wealth of Nations, Vol. l' p.421
0

)-G¥:9t I!il67~.!i'.*

~ ,k

'&' ••
61 or
>:.(

4~~~a~.7t~~.i.!*-~.~~~oii~Ilt~~T,~*-:9t.~ /i--;,Ii-;,t-f JR,~,T) , A!- Jfrf1!!.irl"1 ~ ~ Y.c. Jao, Financing

r#:9tJ.

Appelbaum 1;-.~ 61 ' op. cit., (ti.4), pp48-9. 117 L.c. Chau, Imports of Consumer Goods from China and the Economic Growth of Hong Kong, JLA. J. Youngson (ed.) China and Hong Kong: The Economic Nexus(Hong University Press, 1983), pp. 219-220 o;:r;~, £:Y4-lL-tSf--i\.fll-t.-tSf--i\'9' Kong: Oxford

t'r 11~;jHt-.ic.R"l

r:9t I!il~ J !? The Role of the Banking: AJthlone,

125

Hong Kong's Early Postwar Corporation,

Industrialization:

Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking

;j\'Frank H. H. King (ed.)~Eastern

,;,Ii-i.!3:-A-3:-)f

Essays in the History of the Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation(London: 1983), p.566 . 126 Y. C. Jao, ibid., p.562.

7t;r,t:.,kr~;i{-;t_~!i:Lit~Jk' f~~~,7tM}.t,~JL~o;:r;~,~*

-iHli,)llJ~:(i, 1!l}.t,3:-A-1,l-*---r;i,'t'jUJ-+.t--1ia3:-, !-£ftL*~n~ ••• ~ff,-.~~$~~JkA.f~~~MM

;:r;*- ' PJj'YA -+~-*'t ~i!LJ, f.;(-t}l VA ~Jk~t A Salaff 4-'* 1t ;,Ii-;t#*

'it '

s: v.Hfi#

~JkJii.t.t,$..:'L-[;-;ff
pjJ ,

it

Janet W.

127 Frank H.H.King, The Hong Kong Bank in the Period of Development 1941-1984: From Regional Bank to Multinational

and Nationalism,

Ilt ' iiX.+.t--JJl .. r ;,r,i.!3:- l\:3:- 'Jt-ka *- it;ff $i1!!.~tA)f

,-'I;:r;;t_ ~ji·it ~

Jk'i. it J ,JL Working Daughters in Hong Kong: Filial Piety or Power in Family? (Cambridge:
CUP, 1981), p. 261. 118 4-1966Sf-, ;,Ii-i.!~iltl\:3:-A-/i--51.;)t\3:-)f1t11'-.;j{F-I,$...R;ffr1ia!il:., Jl.,E. H. Phelps

Group, Vol. IV of the History of the Hong CUP, 1991), p.351.

Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation (Cambridge: 128 ibid., p.353.

Brown 67The Hong Kong Economy: Achievements p.6

0

and Prospects, ;j{-Keits Hopkins( ~) , op. cit., ;,Ii-i.!~3:-'Jt1Wtt;,li-i.!' ff,

f!Q

IE ii~~~Ait4.~/i--.,$..*~~*~.RM~~R~~~~.T,it.#'.~.'.
~.#'.J*ffi.ff~L,~Ilt'l~*~~£~~.:9tI~l~~.&or~*~'~k#.

/i--1L-t-'f--i\.;fJ),

«*f~El:l)l._»

~n1i.67 «1l-i.!Sf-il£:1951»,t._-if;,

;1!l..'i. ;-[;-4l\'tt;:r;X-~ r%J ' 1E.$!-$~i1!!.I,lHG.#'.)111k. r%J T ' 17'I-ka ~ F-I$..3:-)f50% ~ ,

0

ri'l ,

iit-

r 1(,.

J ~ ff; 1\ ' JL Y.c. Jao op.cit. p.545

130

Gerscbenkron~-t:lt..iJt-.~IR;HI3:-~fta1.l.il!torYAMiif-kaT:

-'!?il
;

~.r&.;.~:t-%

J:_ , p.44 119 Hang Seng Bank, "Hong Kong-Cllina Trade", Hang Seng Economic Quarterly, January 1982, p.12, ~\ ;j\'Joseph C.H. Chai, Economic Relations with China, in H.C.Y.Ho et al., op. cit., p. 151. 120 ibid.,fa « !?ill\¥.- W JI; 101,'iR» 121 Programme, 122 Fu-lai ,1980, No.1, pp.6-14. Cost of Hong Kong's Pubic Housing

4'l~:t-7tkorft~1(,~!l)1\M~~~*~;~·.~.it4'~l~J:_.~~*-l. ,f,,*, {E-l\: ; ~ • I!il~#!lti~.

it-li. , • ~ .{Ii,~

'i.;i

W JI; ~ ~f iti'ir -w ~h

I'})

••

~.*it~. it
,I'
0

4,.~~A-fl...Mf~.~.*-;1L,.~·~:t-it4,;ffM~~~~~l~)f~~)fa IIHt

7t ,it{;\\'

·Ii I!l

-t. 1'1'ffi :t- *- ; ~ • • ~ ft.!lti~ :t- it -Ii. , At l\: 4;)-iJii ~:iH'"fIj

6';Economic Backwardness

~ 61 ~Ji;it •

JL

Yu and Si-ming

Li, The Welfare

Alexander Gerschenkron

in Historical Perspective (Cambridge,

Mass:

Urban Studies, Vo1.22, No.2, April 1985, pp. 136-7. jiU969Sf-1979Sf-}.t,-i"I, ~£itn\JIl1.i}.t,80,928, 1:.tA-tt536,192' -t;t~.,ijcJll1.iA

Harvard U nriersity Press, 1962), p.354. 131 , 54

0

J/JII:f:

«<iIi'I!ilj_J:.7t)f~j_j-<.61J1t~rl\'~t))
0

("~#: A-f\~Kli_;i}.'

1964)'

pp.25-

,$..A 17,163 ;t Jt , JL ~ .'!L£ $I.

0

%- ,Q it,

« ;,Ii-t ;/III -;jl 101 M"if 1t» i

,( ;,Ii-.! : )llJoi'Jti

~r:t fiji

;if, J,:f
132

: 1:-,ij~)f ~

Frederic Deyo, Stephan Haggard & Hagan Koo, Labour in the Political Economy Bulletin of Concerned

of

1987) , p.60 123 L.c. Chau, Public Housing, H.C.Y Ho and L.c. Chau, op. cit., pp. 243-4. 124 67~'

East Asian Industrialization,

Asian Scholar Vol. 19, No.2, April - June

'*

r·· .. ·· f1i fI... i1!!.f,j:9tIt;'-#- • 67~ JlLf" lit 4'-

' ,,~'t ;j{'*-:9t

'*' I!ilJIt.ji. ~.~

*- ' Jt ~t;,li-i.!
prosperity as an

1987, p.430. 133 Frederic Deyo, Export Manufacturing and Labor: The Asian Case, in Charles Bergquist

1'1'}.t, $

m: k

-j(.·I.t61;t ~!l)

~-

Jf ......

- Manucl Castells, ibid., p.62.

(" ...the dedication tantamount

and effectiveness

of the elite colonial civil service of Hong Kong was empire, building Hong Kong's

(ed.), Labor in the Capitalist World Economy (Beverly Hills: SAGE, 1984), pp. 281-2.A.Levin;fa Stephen Cb:iu~.j,tJ, , JLDependent Capitalism, a Colonial State and Marginal Unions: The Case Frenkel (ed.), Organized
0

to the last hurrah of the British

of Hong Koug.s+Stephen lLR, 1993) pp.217'

Labour in the Asia-Pacific

Region (Ithaca,

ideological monument to their historial memory ... " $-'jf /i--.f\-iUH 01 lit
0 ("

,:9t9.D.f\,LJi<.ot-

,t-ffi5l.'t·

k,&,-Jl.Jf"l~;!LJ,: 61

r .. ·.. ·~/<;Ml,:;J UHf, §

1p'_,x,-ka

!b-..f.-J:_Y,kDeyo~.ffi~

4' '

/i--ii;f1'I-tr~ T{1!!.;f>t-'i#cff;

+ fJj'f ~I ~*fll~{tI>,,$..*-;t

B\l 9' pJj'it;ff 61 ~

134 Mark Selden, The Proletariat, Revolutionary 1850-1950,;jHmmanuel SAGE, 1983), p.95. Wallerstein(ed.),

Change, and the State in China and Japan (Beverly Hills:

}.t,it ,ii..11!!. ,$..~ 61 ;fllia. , 1Mt

'it #c ;t i1!!.11l oj}. it -f

"1 ;fIlA. , JL)-G;tt'-{1!!. ;t ~ ill -f k ;ff ;ff

Labor in tbe World Social Structure

be intends only his own gain, and he is in this, as in so many other cases, led by an hand to promote an end which has no part of his intention ..... By pursuing his own

invisible

135 Melvyn Dubofsky, Workers' Movements in North America, 1873-1970, ibid., p.35.

136 ..E [);l1i'-;-!;)U§_ii1ttr-~'t.{f'l

' fJT vA{~Audrey DonojthorneM:_#i~vA

1i'-i!1'Fj!,

t~

M~*67f&L;i'}{~:l:! ; ~%J:_j(_

tJ

'lfljl };.67 ' JL{il',61Hong Kong

as an Economic
0

Model for the

, t'!;j!, ~

Great Cities of China, #-A. J. Youngson (ed.), op. cit., pp. 282-310

J)

-7i i/ij

~i!f--l't-

:1f ~

Oil ;S<:..E.i!I'li1i'-it~iiii\-tr-~{~A. Development

, ~.$-J:_<l'..y,j(_ir~·ut~i/ij

""1\67i~1';(

, -ltpA. Wei Djao,

Dependent

and Social Control: Labour Intensive

Industry in Hong Kong, Social

Praxis, 1978, Vol. 5, 00.3-4, p.276.

(1923-1949)

wm~~~±iijl,JJ
-A~ft.~ ••

c=--::=:.=-~~:~««~m·¥;-;:;:;:;-h%y'<"';:;Z»";:;-;-;y'«~;Z:=&;::::-:::::::::::,:,X<<<<<~:':":;;~.;=;~"::::0";:;*:,::';:;::-*:':'w.";,~;::::::;;,::<,;::~:::::~;:;,;:;:;:;:;:;;:;:;:;;:";":,:""::.;.:::::;::,:::,:;:,,,,,,,:::,,::;:-,:,:::,:::,:,:,:,

~W ••• ~~10~~~~~.*~~&$~fi~~

~~M~~m~o~.'~~m~m$.~~.tr.~
~-N~'.~Mft~TM~.~~.~~a~.~1

~~.~~~~ ..
:.:.:.:.:,::,;:::.:~::::.:.:;:;,::::::.:::.>:;:::,,::-;:@;-;:;.;

~I-~

li.~~~mJ~~~~MS.~~~~ti.~~~

m"

~ ilH~ ~:¥:

HwrP~?~IfQ*Y~~A{~William McGurn$Jl'~1~11&@' ~)~1&~~(!fi'f 53U~-t;+~1~~)1&)~!fi'f7-*i&tErfjJE*m:?g~~!ff'ii:'. ' ~?J:%J][~tm~~ § Ml~A8JMi&m~/fmm)c,\ MliJE¥~1¥n"'fmi*Jt11::(1) , ~~~r1I~)1f:£w~:W

0 0

~~~.~=+~~w~~~mmM'.~~~~~~-@~.~

'*

Ifp

*~1j[TIP~mm{iM~ ~ 1911~*~1j[TIP~MliYfHftYifT~ rep [@m~B~ ,ft(g~.B~~~~f@,~lAt ~~~.'~~~~A.~~mAm~m1j[TIP'OO~~:%1j[$M.~ ~o~~.rep'~~~A.~~m~m'Mlli.H'Mliffim~ •• ,m tt./f~~~o/fm@~~,m~~M1j[$~.*8m~M§.~U~

(3)
0

ll!!! ' ~~MJ~A~§*

~ , MIt{£mt7~mJ*~.

.'~~~:w•wm,~~mm§~~~~IW'M~A~ffi~~~ •
0

~A~~~~.m,~~,.~~~m~mm§~~*'~~~~*
¥U71911~11~ ,~Jff*!:~~illB&J~~¥ii:
0

~~~A~~~.m.w~*~1j[$OO~~'/f~A~~~M*~

' /tr1I1iJE)ljJOO(4)

~.'~~~A/f~~m*~1j[$,.~*~1j[TIP.A~~m~~ ~oUA •• '~~~M.~~0.~A./f~~~~AAA'*.~~ Jt!:l0wr~m(6) 1j[TIP.Ammm¥~ ~rep[@8¥n~Ij~~~m~& '1T&~P'Jtth

0