Bi 1: Bng ch ci Hangul

MAY 9, 2009

Mc ch bi hc:
- Lch s bng ch ci
- Bng ch ci

Ni dung:
Gii thiu v bng ch ci Hangul c to bi Vua Sejong triu i Choson vi mc ch to s d
dng trong hc c vit cho ton dn. Bng ch ci Hangul c 28 ch ci vi 11 nguyn m v 17
ph m. Trc khi c Hangul, ngi HQ s dng ch Hn hoc ch Idu (ging nh ch Nm
Vitnam).

Khi xy dng bng ch ci Hangul, vua Sejong da trn s hi ha ca hc thuyt m dng (yinyang).

Ch ci "" th hin hnh trn ca thin ng.

Ch vit ngang nh "" th hin mt t phng.

Ch vit ng nh "l" th hin con ngi

n nay, Hangul c tng cng 40 ch ci, vi 21 nguyn m v 19 ph m. Trong c 24 ch ci

c bn v 16 ch ci uc ghp t cc ch ci c bn.

1. Nguyn m: 21
C 8 nguyn m n:
(a), (eo - c l ), (o - c l ), (u - c l u), (eu - c l ), (i c l i), (ae),
(e)
C 13 nguyn m kp:
(ya - c l da), (yeo - c l d), (yo - c l d), (yu - c l du), (ye - c l de),
(yae), (wa), (wae), (wo), (we), (oe), (wi), (ui)
Cch g theo kiu Hangul Romaja ng nh cc bn thy phin m trn. cho d nh cch
pht m v cch vit, mnh bit c nguyn tc nh sau:

Thm ru nh kiu ting Vit: th phin m hoc g thm ch e vo. V d: u l u(), s

l: - eu (). Rt d hc phi khng no. Tng t c ,

Cn nguyn m kp, mun c kiu double th thm ch y vo khi g l ra. V d: a(), gi

thnh da (ya) th thm y vo s c dobule ngay:

2. Ph m: 19
Consonant

Name
giyeok (), hoc kik () ting Bc
Hn
nieun/nin ()
digeut (), hoc tit () (Bc Hn)
rieul/ril ()
mieum/mim ()
bieup/pip ()
siot (), hoc sit () (Bc Hn)
ieung/ing ()
jieut/chit ()
chieut/ch'it ()
kieuk/k'ik ()
tieut/t'it ()
pieup/p'ip ()
hieut/hit ()
ssanggiyeok ()
ssangdigeut ()
ssangpieup ()
ssangsiot ()
ssangjieut ()

Cch g cho cc ph m ny c ni bi vit v B g ting Hn Quc Hangul Romaja.

3. Cu trc t:
Mt t trong ting Hn c 2 cu trc c bn
- Ph m - Nguyn m
- Ph m - Nguyn m -Ph m
V c vit theo chiu ngang hoc chiu dc

d cho c n au th anh vn yu em------