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Ms Access and Database Fundamentals
Ms Access and Database Fundamentals
Database File
Table
Field
Table
A table is a collection of data about a specific topic. There can be multiple tables in a database. Example #1) Students Example #2) Teachers
Field
Fields are the different categories within a Table. Tables usually contain multiple fields. Example #1) Student LastName Example #2) Student FirstName
Datatype
Datatypes
Datatypes are the properties of each field. A field only has 1 datatype.
Value
Primary Key
One or more fields (columns) whose value or values uniquely identify each record in a table. A primary key does not allow Null values and must always have a unique value. A primary key is used to relate a table to foreign keys in other tables. For Example., make the Soc Sec # field the primary key, meaning that every student has a social security number and no 2 are the same. To do this, simply select the Soc Sec # field and select the primary key button
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Restricting Unauthorized Access When multiple users share a database, it is likely that some users will not be authorized to access all information in the database. For example, financial data is often considered confidential, and hence only authorized persons are allowed to access such data. In addition, some users may be permitted only to retrieve data, whereas others are allowed both to retrieve and to update. Hence, the type of access operationretrieval or updatemust also be controlled. Typically, users or user groups are given account numbers protected by passwords, which they can use to gain access to the database. A DBMS should provide a security and authorization subsystem, which the DBA uses to create accounts and to specify account restrictions. The DBMS should then enforce these restrictions automatically. Notice that we can apply similar controls to the DBMS software.
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Concepts provided by low-level data models are generally meant for computer specialists, not for typical end users. Between these two extremes is a class of representational (or implementation) data models, which provide concepts that may be understood by end users but that are not too far removed from the way data is organized within the computer. Representational data models hide some details of data storage but can be implemented on a computer system in a direct way.
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The three-schema architecture, which was proposed to help achieve and visualize these characteristics.
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