HONEWELL ENRAF (Slide)

Honeywellenraf.
com
Accurate Level Gauging

General
• Level measurement is distance measurement,
the distance between product surface and fixed reference.
UR
• ULL (Ullage level) is the distance between an
upper reference [UR] and product surface.
• INN (Innage level) is the distance between

product surface and tank zero.
ULL = Ullage
In tank inventory systems usually innage level is used.
• A Tank zero is required however it is not a fixed point, nor it is visible

Level
in a tank. It has to be obtained, which consequently results in
obtaining references [LR] Low Reference and [UR] Upper Reference.
INN = Innage
LR
Tank zero
1
Document control number Honeywell Proprietary
Honeywellenraf.com

Tank References
• Low Reference is a reference plate, datum or dip plate) and is usually
the plate at the lower end of a guide pipe.
UR
• Low reference is usually the lowest point in tank operation:
– product volume below is referred as dead stock
– dead stock is obtained after calibration.
• The position of Low reference is: ULL = Ullage

– Equal to zero level (0 mm, thus no offset)
or
– Calibrated (level 0 mm, thus with offset).
– The offset is the distance between the low reference [LR] en the Level
real tank zero and is obtained after a bottom calibration.
• Tanks for custody transfer require a calibrated low reference [LR],

thus requiring a bottom calibration. INN = Innage
LR
Tank zero
2
Honeywellenraf.com

Bottom Calibration (1)
• Preparations before bottom calibration:
– fill and empty new tank few times or keep full for a while to settle.
– clean and dry tank after emptying
• Bottom calibration procedure:
– Manually fill tank with water of calibrated volume unit and
– measure level at North, West, Center, East and South (1m from tank shell).
(Tanks for custody transfer may be provided with these 5 nozzles on the roof).
– calculate average level L0 = (N+W+4C+E+S)/8.
– procedure produces level L0 and volume V0 (first point of the tank capacity table).
– tank operation (level measurement and volume calculation) below L 0 is not allowed.
– obtain the position of Low Reference [LR] and Upper Reference [UR]
W C E
LR
Dipstick
L0 V0
Foundation Foundation
3
Honeywellenraf.com

Bottom Calibration (2)
• Example of a wet calibration of the tank bottom:
– Volume North West Center East South Average N
(liters) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
10025 55 40 - 19 45
20007 80 66 - 45 72
40010 123 109 10 87 115 59,25
60024 163 150 51 128 156 100,125
W C E
Bottom calibration produces L0 = 110 mm and V0 = 64859 liters.
• Tank is provided with reference nozzles:
– Position North West Center East South
to bottom 14039 14099 15416 14069 14018
W C E
L0 ,V0 LR
Virtual zero
4
Honeywellenraf.com

Manual Dipping
• Manual Innage dipping [INN]
– Lower diptape * to [LR];
– Read wet section on diptape; UR
– Product level equals to reading plus offset in [LR]
– Make 3 subsequent dippings.
Result should be within 1 mm form each other, otherwise start all over.
– The average from the 3 dippings is the actual [INN]. ULL

• Manual Ullage dipping [ULL]
– Lower diptape* to product surface;
– Take reading against [UR] Level
– Read wet section on diptape;
– [ULL] is the difference between both readings;
– Make 3 subsequent dippings.
Result should be within 1 mm form each other, otherwise start all over.
INN
– The average from the 3 dippings is the actual [ULL]
– Innage level [INN] = [UR] – [ULL]
LR
5
Honeywellenraf.com

Requirements for manual dipping
• Use of a calibrated diptape.
– A calibrated diptape is certified by W&M authority.
– The certificate includes temperature correction
• Only when product is in rest
– Min. 0.5 hours after last product transfer
• Innage or Ullage dip?
– Innage dipping is required by authorities
- but is complicated (wet and thirty diptape)
- sediments on dip plate causes inaccuracy
– Ullage dipping is preferred
- but requires a stable [UR]
(should not be influenced by Hydrostatic Deformation)
6
Honeywellenraf.com

Hydrostatic Deformation
• Hydrostatic Deformation causes
– Movement of [UR] UR?
– Ullage dipping assumes fixed [UR],
thus causing error in the obtained innage level [INN]
• Ullage dipping is allowed under the conditions that:
– Influence of Hydrostatic Deformation is neglect able low

or
– Using a support pipe to stabilize [UR]
or ULL
– Automatic Hydrostatic Deformation correction in level gauge (basic
feature in all Enraf gauges).
7
Honeywellenraf.com

Stable [UR] with Support pipe UR
• To obtain a stable [UR] the support pipe must not be fixed
– On the tank roof it can be fixed on the lowest
– On the tank bottom ring of the tank which is stable
– On the tank shell because of the tank foundation
• Other requirements for the support pipe

– Diameter: min. 2” for manual dipping;
min. 6” for level gauge;
– Bottom end provided with dip plate;
– Free of rust, welding joints or other irregularities,
should be straight and vertical;
– Provided with sufficient holes:
- diameter approx. 25 mm (1”)
A A
- pitch approx. 300 mm (1 ‘)
cross section A-A
8
Honeywellenraf.com

Hydrostatic Deformation correction
• Required when gauge nozzle is fixed to the roof
– Roof moves with level changes
– Movement is not linear, but is “linearized”,
correction acc. to OIML recommendation ISO 7507-1
• INC = INN – (INN-HL)HF
– INC is innage level after Hydr. Def. correction
HL is Hydrostatic deformation Level
HF is Hydrostatic deformation Factor INN
INC
– Set DE to C to show INC on display and host
Level
Error X
12
X HF = 0.75 mm/m
8 HL = 4 m
X
HF
X
4
X
X
0 X
4 8 12 16 20
Level
HL
9
Honeywellenraf.com

Tank Capacity Table TCT
• Fixed or Floating roof tanks are build up in several rings, with
– Each ring having his own shell thickness and diameter;
– Each ring being cylindrical, thus linear Ln ,Vn
• First a raw TCT is obtained via the “dry method”: Ring n
– From each ring the inner diameters are measured
physically (using laser-lines from tank center) Dn0
Ln-1 ,Vn-1
– From the known ring heights the volume of each
ring is calculated resulting in a preliminary table
– All other additional volumes are taken into account:
- inlet(s) and outlet(s) L3 ,V3 D40
- objects in tank like heating coils, mixers etc. D31
• The final TCT is specified by adding corrections for: Ring 3
– Hydrostatic Deformation mathematical corrections D30
- at operating temperature and product density L2 ,V2 D21
- deviations at other temperatures and product densities
– Roof weight corrections by specifying roof weight and Ring 2
forbidden zone (take off and support levels) L1 ,V1 D20
– Specifying uncertainties and D11
tank construction details Ring 1
V
D10
L0 ,V0
Tank zero
Foundation
10
Honeywellenraf.com

Tank Capacity Table TCT (example)
Automatic Volume calculations
Volume at level L = A0 +A1*(L-H1) Tank 4567: cylindrical tank with floating roof:
shell temp. 15 °C and liquid density 840 kg/m3
H1 (mm) H2 (mm) A0 (l) A1 (l/mm)
0 110 *** *** Deviations:
110 410 64 859 490.511
Product density: A change in density of less than
410 860 212 016 490.860 250 kg/m3 cause a change of volume of max. 0.05 %
860 1 400 *** ***
Shell temperature: changes in volume as a result of
1 400 5 030 697 666 490.316 different shell temperature t can be corrected with the
5 030 7 500 2 477 510 489.913 following formula:
7 500 12 690 3 687 593 489.586 V t = V * {1 + a (t – 15)} with a = thermal expansion
12 690 13 310 6 228 542 489.488 coefficient.
13 310 6 532 025
Roof: Weight 2344 kg
Enraf volume calculation at measured level (mm) Take of 1395 mm
TOV = A0n-1 + (Level – H1n)* (A0n - A0n-1)/(H1n - H1n-1) Support 850 mm
11
Honeywellenraf.com

Tank Capacity Table TCT (example)
Manual Volume calculations
From (cm) Untill (cm) 1 (mm) 2 (mm) 3 (mm) 4 (mm) 5 (mm) 6 (mm) 7 (mm) 8 (mm) 9 (mm)
0 11 *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** ***
11 41 491 981 1472 1962 2453 2943 3434 3924 4415
41 86 491 982 1473 1963 2454 2945 3436 3927 4418
86 1 40 *** *** *** *** *** **** **** **** ****
1 40 5 03 490 981 1471 1961 2452 2942 3432 3923 4413
5 03 7 50 490 980 1470 1960 2450 2939 3429 3919 4413
7 50 12 69 490 979 1569 1958 2448 2938 3427 3917 4406
12 69 13 31 489 979 1468 1958 2447 2937 3426 3916 4405
Level (cm) Vol. (l) Level (cm) Vol. (l)

Level (cm) Vol. (l)
9 ***
31 162 946
1 311 6 434 124 Tank table:
10 *** 1 312 6 439 019
11 64 859 32 167 851 1 313 6 443 914
12 69 763 33 172 755 1 314 6 448 809 Volume as function of the
13 74 668 34 177 661 1 315 6 453 704
14 79 572 35 182 568 1 316 6 458 599 average innage level.
15 84 476 36 187 475 1 317 6 463 494
16 89 381 37 192 381 1 318 6 468 389
17 94 285 38 197 289 1 319 6 473 284
18 99 189 39 202 198 1 320 6 478 179
19 104 094 40 207 107 1 321 6 483 074
20 108 998 1 300 6 380 280 1 322 6 487 969
` 21 113 902 1 301 6 385 174 1 323 6 492 864
22 118 807 1 302 6 290 069 1 324 6 497 759
23 123 711 1 303 6 394 964 1 325 6 502 654
24 128 616 1 304 6 399 859 1 326 6 507 549
25 133 520 1 305 6 404 754 1 327 6 512 444
26 138 424 1 306 6 409 649 1 328 6 517 339
27 143 329 1 307 6 414 544 1 329 6 522 234
28 148 233 1 308 6 419 439 1 330 6 527 130
29 153 138 1 309 6 424 334 1 331 6 532 025
30 158 042 1 310 6 429 229 (end of table)
12
Servo level gauging
Introduction
apparent weight S
Archimedes law
S = [DW] - [DV] ·
apparent weight (grams)

[DW] = Displacer Weight max.
[DV] = Displacer Volume [DW] weight
= product density
min.
[DW] - [DV] ·
weight buoyancy
Honeywell Enraf Training

Slide 1
Servo level gauging
Set point [S1]
For level measurement a certain apparent weight (set point) is required
apparent weight apparent weight
Set point closer to displacer weight less

immersion
Advantages:
less influence of product density (variations)
less contamination of displacer
less influence of turbulence
max. max. Set point [S1] = [DW] - 15

[DW] [DW]
[S1]
[S1]
min. min.
[DW] - [DV] · [DW] - [DV] ·

Slide 2
Servo level gauging
Servo sensitivity
± S
Sensitivity can be calculated from: i=±
[DA] ·
Sensitivity depends on
instrument sensitivity S (manufacturer)
displacer diameter [DA] (application) i i
854: standard displacer D = 90 mm, [DA] = 64 cm²
support pipe (if any) 6"
Sensitivity for 854 ATG

Sensitivity weighing S for 854 0.3 gr. i is displacer immersion in product
Sensitivity level i 0.1 mm (standard displacer)
i is sensitivity of level measurement
Servo on < 6" stilling well
use displacer diameter 45 mm
level sensitivity i 0.3mm ( = 0.8 gr/cm³)

Slide 3
Servo level gauging
Some other Servo displacer related features
Density change:
A density change of 100 kg/m³ causes level change of 0.5 mm.
The 854 ATG don t need level require recalibration
if the product in the tank changes.
Contamination:
Displacer contamination with every 1 gr.
causes level error of -0.2 mm.
(Periodical cleaning or alternative: Radar)
i
Turbulence:
- vertical movements: full correction in software (field adjustable
wave integration action) to stable level reading on display.
- horizontal movements: not possible in applications with support pipe.
Without support pipe gauge feature dip mode operation can be selected.

Slide 4
Servo level gauging
General: 854 ATG and XTG
terminal
compartment
drum electronic
compartment compartment 977 TSI
854 ATG 854 XTG

Integrated Electronic & Terminal compartment Integrated Electronic & Terminal & Drum compartments
-Material: Cast Aluminium -Material: Cast Aluminium
-Safety: -Safety:
- Electronic compartment: Eex (d) - Electronic compartment: Eex (d)
- Terminal compartment: Eex (de) - Terminal compartment: Eex (de)
Separate Drum compartment Drum compartment
-Material: Cast Aluminium, Cast Iron or St. Steel - Material: see above
-Flanges: several standards -Flanges: several standards
- Purge connection possible - Purge connection possible

Slide 5
Servo level gauging
854 Housing
terminal compartment
electronic compartment
drum compartment
measuring wire
displacer

Slide 6
Servo level gauging
Safety Aspects: Flame proof Eex(d)
Terminal compartment
Explosion proof Eex(d)
or increased safe Eex(e) A
A A
A
Drum
B compartment
C
Electronic compartment
Explosion proof Eex(d)
A Threaded flame path Safety

B Flat flame path Grounding
C Cylindrical flame path
Inside tank

Slide 7
Servo level gauging
HW: Servo Block Diagram
Motor Unit drum
MU
Drum shaft Drum shaft
Drum
Up Down
FT
MU Force
Measuring wire
Frequency
weight motor
meas. control
FT Force
Transducer
SPU Servo Processor Unit motor weight
control meas.
Displacer
apparent
weight SPU
Displacer
Principle Block Diagram Hardware Block Diagram
Slide 8
Servo level gauging
HW: Drum, Wire and Displacers
Drum
Grooved with very high precision
Drum Circumference DC 339 mm,
Drum shaft full factory calibrated/engraved
Full scale error band within ±0.7 mm (W&M)
Mat.: St. Steel (Hasteloy, Tantalum or Invar)
Measuring range: 27 or 37 m
Mechanically balanced within ± 15 mg
Measuring wire
Mat.: St. Steel (Hasteloy, Tantalum or Invar)
Weight: 0.25 gr/m
Magnetic Coupling Diameter: 0.2 mm
Purposes: Strength 3 kg
-Safety (Zone 0 Zone 1 separation
-Pressure (Inside outside tank) and D=90mm D=45mm
tank isolation
-Protect Servo mechanism against
mechanical shocks
Coupling: 3 pole pairs
strength > 1kg
Gauge features: - coupling correction D=45mm D=90mm D=110mm
- slip detection
Standard Displacers Density Displacers
Mat.: Carbon-PTFE Mat.: St. Steel
Weight 223 grams Weight 265 g, calibrated/engraved
Volume 100 cm3 Volume 200 cm3 , calibrated/engraved

Slide 9
Servo level gauging
HW: Motor Unit MU
DS
RE
SM
SC WW
PI
Transport
lock Drum
Motor Unit MU Reference Encoder RE DC
SM Stepper motor: 200 steps/rev. The MU drives the displacer up or
SC Soft coupling: soft drive down in precise steps (m).
WW Worm wheel: ratio 1:34 All steps made is direct verified by RE
DS Drum Shaft thus confirming that the displacer is
RE Reference Encoder exactly at the position he is expected m is displacer movement per motor step
PI Photo Interrupter to be. At the same time all moving
parts are fully checked on line. DC
m= 50 m
34x200

Slide 10
Servo level gauging
HW: Weighing balance: The Force Transducer FT
Hz
PET F3
F2
Command F1
MF of BT
F0
Force Transducer FT
Converts Force to Frequency 25 100 175 250 gr
-Input: 25-300 gr 0
-Output: 11- 13 kHz 25 25 25 25
-High sensitivity: 8-10 Hz/gr
with very good performance:
* technical lifetime 75 150 225
* stable characteristic
-Characteristic:
*almost linear
*individual calibration
*can easily be calibrated using
PET and 4 calibrated weights (1854.061)

Slide 11
Servo level gauging
HW: Overview Internal Hardware
CIU-Prime
Back Plane Legend:
SmartLink 1 2 3 4 1. Master Board:
XPU SPU HCU XPU = X-mission Processing Unit
EN-BPM EN-port OPTION 1 OPTION 1 GPS
IR-port Density Profile OPTION 2
Display 2. Main Board:
OPTION 2 OPTION 3
OPTION 2 Relays
SPU = Servo Processing Unit
OPTION 4
847 PET
RS or IS
854 circuit boards & options 3. Option Board:
RS-232/485
EN-GPU or
HCU = HART Communication Unit
Host RTU Modbus 1 2 3 4 - option 1: HART1 input and/or
- option 2: HART2 input and/or
- option 3: Spot RTD input and/or
Main - option 4: HART or 4-20 mA output
Transformer
977 TSI
4. Power Supply Board:
Motor unit GPS = Gauge Power Supply
(65 or 100-120-220-240 Vac)
Force
transducer
XPU SPU HCU GPS

Slide 12
854 ATG
Instrument Accuracy
Instrument accuracy depends on

Drum:
Sensitivity
- weighing balance (gauge calibration)
Wire weight
- automatic correction (settings [TT] and [WW])
Magnet coupling
- automatic correction (settings [RM] and [CC])
Moving parts
- automatic error detection by reference encoder
- bearings (easy verification with [BT])
Instrument accuracy W&M [mm] 854 [mm]

drum 1.4 0.5
sensitivity ( i) 0.3 0.1
moving parts 0.3 0.1
TOTAL 2.0 1.0

Slide 13
854 ATG
Temperature Influence on accuracy
Temperature changes will cause

change of drum circumference & wire length
drum & wire material identical automatic compensation
material has extreme low expansion coefficient effect neglect able
change of wire length (W) between drum and displacer
change of support pipe (support pipe application)
Influence of temperature on level accuracy

Lt = - ( · W - w · H) · T [m]
Temperature influence on servo level measurement is

often neglected.
Example with temp. change of T = 10 °C

-6
H = 17.0 m = 17·10 m/°C
W = 10.0 m w = 12·10-6 m/°C
Lt = - (17 · 10 - 12 · 17) · 10-6 · 10 = - 0.34 mm

Slide 14
854 ATG
Test weights (part no. 1854.061)
70
1 2 3 4
85
110
150
18
Item Weight [g] 18

1 25
2 75
3 150
4 225 18

Slide 15
854 ATG
Tool set (part no. 1854.062)
06
105
08
05
53
85
04 335
75
03
65 09
02
50 07
01
45 20 10
Item Description
190
1 Socket head screw wrench 2 mm
11
6 Drum bearing puller (0185860)
320
7 Test magnet
8 Socket head screwdriver M4 (2998506)
9 Socket head screwdriver M6 (2998506)
10 Pipe wrench 27 mm
11 Tommy bar

Slide 16
FlexConn
Introduction to the CAN bus
CAN = Controller Area Network:
Proven technology (1986)
Serial bus, 500 kB/sec
Multi Master
Sophisticated status monitoring and
error detection mechanism
The CAN bus outlines:

up to 15 boards in a network
up to 7 in the SmartRadar Flexline 1 W&M
2 CAN-H
up to 7 identical boards in a network 3 CAN-L CAN Bus
4 +
up to 15 different functions per board 5 Com
15 VDC
up to 15 identical functions per board
CAN Bus
Trimming
120
Slide 1
FlexConn
The FlexConn concept
Application
Specific Part
FlexConn
Generic Part
A FlexConn Module
Slide 2
FlexConn
FlexConn Boards
SmartLink FlexLine
Board Board
Description Board ID Part no Board ID Part no.
Name Name
Power Supply PSA, PSD 0780.501/2 PSX 0690.906
RS (232/485/422) GPU HCM-GPU 001 0780.511 HCI-GPU 003 0690.922/23 (232/485)
Enraf Field bus BPM FCM-BPM 002 0780.531 HCI-BPM 004 0690.921
Product Level TII-XR 005 0690.800/1/2 (AP/HP/XP)
HART Input (Pressure) FCI-HT 006 0690.907
Av. Temp. (VITO) FII-VT 007 0690.909
SmartView FII-SMV 008 0690.908
Relays Contacts FII-DO 009 0690.904/5/6 (2-/-2/22)
Spot Temp. ( 1*3W 2*3W M*T 1*4W 2*4W) FII-RTD 010 0690.911/2/3/4/7
HART (4-20mA) Output HCI-HAO 011 0690.915
OneWireless HCI-1WL 012 0690.630
Firmware Upgrade Tool TII-SD 253 0690.931
Ethernet HCI-ETH 013 Roadmap
Slide 3
FlexConn
FlexConn Boards Application (Example)
RS-232/485 RS-232/485
HOST 1 HOST 2
Power
HCM GPU
HCM GPU
Engauge Multinodes
PSA
G G G
TCP/IP
G G G Gateway
FCM BPM
FCM BPM
FCM BPM
SmartLink
Enraf Field bus

BPM ( 10 km)
Power Power Power
1WL Antenna
FII - SMV
FII - SMV
HCI - BPM
HCI-1WL
HCI - BPM
TANK-01 TANK-02 TANK-10
FII - SMV
HCI - BPM
FII - DO
FII - DO
PSX
PSX
PSX
G G G G G G G G G G G G G
G G G G G G G G
FII - HT
FII - HT
FII - VT
FII - VT
Option
FII - HT
FII - VT
Option
FlexLine FlexLine FlexLine
VITO VITO VITO
P1 P2 P3 P1 P2 P3 P1 P2 P3
Slide 4
FlexConn
The FlexConn Functions
LE3 Function led
LE2 Function led
LE1 Health led
Temp.
Sensor NOVRAM
Power
Jumpers Supply
MICRO
CONTROLER Voltage
Monitor
Hardware VM2
Revision Voltage
Monitor
VM3
Program Voltage
header Monitor
VM1
CAN Bus connection
CAN Bus CAN

Terminator Driver
Slide 5
FlexConn
FlexConn Monitoring Features (2)
Voltage monitoring:
LE3 VM3 : CAN bus voltage: +2.5 V
LE2 Boundary +2.00 +3.03 V
LE1 VM2 : Power Vcc: +5.0 V
Application Specific Part
Boundary +4.38 5.62 V
Generic Part VM1 : Power CAN bus: +15.0 V
Temp. Sensor NOVRAM 8 KB Boundary +11.48 18.38 V
ON
JP1
JP2 FLASH Read actual Voltages
JP3
JP4 MICRO
256/ 512KB Range check on VM1, VM2 & VM3:
JP5
CONTROLER RAM 16KB Exceeding the boundary
Program
Header
Health led LE1 UNCERTAIN

Voltage Monitor Registration of Min/Max voltages (NOVRAM)
Rx0 Tx0 3 2 1
Hardware +5V
Revision
VCC
Device ambient temperature monitoring
CAN Power Read actual temperature.
CAN Bus Trimming
W&M CAN-H CAN-L +15V GND Operating temp. -40 75 °C,
(future use)
JP6 120 boundary -43 77 °C
Exceeding the boundary
1 2 3 4 5
CAN Bus Connection Health led LE1 UNCERTAIN
Registration of Min/Max temp. (NOVRAM)
Slide 6
FlexConn
FlexConn Power Supply
Mounting position: 1st (most left)
because of CAN Bus trimming
Types of Power Supply
PSA and PSD
PSA for AC, input 65 240 Vac, Auto select
+10 -15%, 50/60 Hz
PSD for DC, input 24 65 Vdc, Auto Select
+10 -15%
Mounting indoor (e.g. SmartLink)
Red 1
PSX suitable for both AC or DC
1 1 Vin-a/L
PSA 2 Red 2
2 Vin-b/N PSX suitable for AC or DC, Auto select.
or 3 Polarity insensitive for both AC and DC.
Yellow/Green
4 PE
PSD Input: same as for PSA or PSD.
PE
or Mounting in an EEx(d) enclosure (e.g. FlexLine).
Chassis Chassis
PSX
Output for PSA, PSD or PSX:
CAN Bus connection
15 V, 1000 mA, Suitable for 7 FlexConn boards
Slide 7
FlexConn
FlexConn Board HCM-GPU, HCI-GPU
Mounting position: any
HCM-GPU or HCI-GPU
HCI HCM conversion by firmware download
HCM-GPU for use in control room (SmartLink)
HCI-GPU for use in field instrument (FlexLine)
RS232, RS422 or RS485: selectable (Engauge)
NON-ISOLATED: RS232 or RS422

Ground connected to chassis ground
White 1
08 08 232RX Indoor use (common ground)
ISOLATED
RS232
White 2 232TX
09 09
NON-ISOLATED RS232 or RS422 selectable via Engauge
RS232 or RS422 White 3
10 10 GND_ISO
Use of handshakes selectable via Engauge
White 1
ISOLATED
HCM-GPU 11 11 485A
RS485
White 2 485B
12 12
or ISOLATED: RS232 or RS485
HCI-GPU 13
White 3
13 GND_ISO
Free from internal ground
CAN Bus connection Outdoor use (floating ground)
Slide 8
FlexConn
FlexConn Board FCM-BPM, HCI-BPM
FCM HCI conversion by firmware download
White
06 06 TL1
White
07 07 TL2
FCM-BPM PE
Yellow/Green
PE
or PE
HCI-BPM Chassis Chassis
CAN Bus connection
Slide 9
FlexConn
FlexConn Board FII-SMV
SmartView types: Address
Local SmartView 1
Portable SmartView 2
Tank Side SmartView 3
Use of max. 1 at a time, auto select:
Lowest address has highest priority
Other devices out of function
26 Blue Local
FII-SMV 27
Blue 2 1 or
Blue 5 Chassis
28 3 44 Portable
Blue
29
Blue 1
26 26 SGND
Blue 2 Safe_+
27 27
28 Blue 3
28 Safe_A Tank side
Blue 4
29 29 Safe_B
CAN Bus connection
Slide 10
FlexConn
FlexConn Board FII-DO Mounting position: any
FII-DO or FIM-DO
FII-DO for use in field instrument (FlexLine)
RY3 RY1 4 Relays: - voltage free
- SPST contacts
RY4 - NO or NC jumper selectable
RY2
RY1 0.5A-125 Vac or 0.3A-110 Vdc
RY2 Pmax = 30 W
RY3 3.0 A 250 Vac or 3.0 A 40 Vdc
RY4 Pmax = 750 W
Each relay has double contacts, one for external
use and the other internally used for read back
CO Black 1
(diagnostic/status/error checks).
NO JP10 14 14 Ry1_a
RY1 NC 15
Black 2
15 Ry1_b Each relay can be assigned as
CO Black 3
NO JP20
16 16 Ry2_a 1. Alarm contacts
Black 4
RY2 NC 17 17 Ry2_b
2. Remote control (activate/de-activate by time
CO
18
Black 1
18 Ry3_a
set)
NO
RY3 JP30
Black 2 3. Fall back on BPM (RY1,RY2 and set to NC)
NC 19 19 Ry3_b
CO Black 3
20 20 Ry4_a
NO JP40
21
Black 4 Monitoring led's LE2, LE3 can be assigned to
RY4 NC 21 Ry4_b
either RY1+RY2 or RY3+RY4 (ON when relay is
CAN Bus connection FII-DO activated)
Slide 11
FlexConn
FlexConn Board FII-VT, FCI-HT
FCI-HT FII-VT conversion by firmware
download
Intrinsically Safe IS Eex(ib) connections,
suitable for zone 1
FCI-HT HART suitable for input of
up to 5 devices
FII-VT VITO, VITO LT or VITO MRT
Blue 1 Blue 1
22 22 V_Loop 24
Terminals
24 V_Loop
Terminals
FCI-HT
Blue 2
FII-VT
23 Blue 2
23 GND_Loop 25 25 GND_Loop
VITO connections HART connections

FII-VT FII-HT
CAN Bus connection CAN Bus connection
Slide 12
990 Flexline HW
Hardware overview
Flame proof Eex(d)
SmartView
with hinged cover
FlexConn Can bus Can board

Modules X-band (10GHz)
The 990 SmartRadar Flexline
Honeywell Enraf Training Slide 1

990 Flexline HW
Hardware overview
The FlexConn TII-XR Assembly

Flexline CAN bus Assembly

990 Flexline HW
Internal hardware
antenna
object
Reflecto
A
Sweep
S meter
distance d
The ART2
(Advanced Radar Technology)

990 Flexline HW
FlexLine versions 1
Start to stop freq. Bandwidth Sweep time Refresh time Fourier interval Accuracy
Device [GHz] f0 [GHz] [sec] [sec] [cm] [mm]
(873) 9.15 10.85 1.700 0.1000 1.75 8.8 1
Obsolete
973 9.542 10.566 *) 1.024 0.1024 0.65 14.6 3
971 9.542 10.566 *) 1.024 0.1024 0.65 14.6 1
970 9.249 10.797 *) 1.548 0.1024 0.75 9.7 0.5
990 AP 9.538 10.561 *) 1.024 0.1024 0.11 14.6 3
990 HP 9.538 10.561 *) 1.024 0.1024 0.11 14.6 1
990 XP 9.538 10.561 *) 1.024 0.1024 0.11 14.6 0.4
*) Adjustable v
Fi =
2 · f0

990 Flexline HW
FlexLine versions 2
Three versions:
XP Series:
SmartRadar Xtreme Performance
(+/-0.4mm, W&M approved)
HP Series:
SmartRadar High Performance
(+/-1mm, OIML R85 approved)
AP Series:
SmartRadar Advanced Performance
(+/-3mm, API Chapter 3.1b)

990 Flexline HW
FlexLine Tools
Allen keys size 3 and 8 mm
All terminals of
clip-on type
All screws
requiring Torque
screwdriver
Torque screwdrivers
All bolts requiring
size Tx10-Tx15-Tx20-Tx25
Allen keys
Flexline special tools
Flexline Compartments
990 Flexline SW
Radar Reflection diagram
dB
Smart
Electrical
Nozzle Radar
zero
without cover
Reference PR
d
0 Ullage
PR
d
Radar
Electrical B beam
zero Non
Symmetric Symmetric
SmartRadar software DSP
Reflection diagram: PSD level (97x)
B (Bottom)
Fi PSD: Peak Shape Detection

d= v f
Fourier interval
2·S
v 1
Fi =
2·S t0
990 Flexline SW
PSD Level: Peak Tracking
Product measuring zone
dB
ZP
ZA ZB
AU
AZ BZ
SL 0.5
Ullage
d B
PR A SF
Peak Tracking Philosophy:
The strongest peaks in the spectrum (990: 16db range) are observed and analyzed on its pattern (peak strength
and position) to locate the real level peak, obstructions, 2 nd and higher reflections etc.
Finding the real level peak:

- Obstructions are recognized as they will not move.
- Roof reflections (free space) will move with their own pattern and are recognized as such.
- 2nd or higher reflections will move twice or more faster having their own moving pattern
and are recognized as such.
- The true level peak is recognized and triggered.
Adjustment of zones and thresholds are less critical and will be adjusted to as sleeping .
Adjustment of obstruction zones are only required to indicate the RA (Reduced Accuracy) areas.

990 Flexline SW
Concept of Phase Level
For each (stepped) frequency we can write the equation
2 x d = nf x f + f or d = ( nf x f ) / 2+ f / 2
1. d = ( n1 x 1) / 2 + 1 / 2
2. d = ( n2 x 2) / 2 + 2 / 2
3. d = ( n3 x 3 ) / 2+ 3 / 2 1024 equations one for each
frequency.
Recalculated several times
per second
1023. d = ( n1023 x 1023 ) / 2+ 1023 /2
1024. d = ( n1024 x 1024 ) / 2+ 1024 / 2
Once we solve the equation we have not only the distance but also the phase
information.
In real life this of coarse done in a DSP (Digital Signal Processing)
and is referred as the Phase Level
In the software we go much further, and combine SPR with phase and frequency for higher
accuracy and reliability.

990 Flexline SW
Performance test 1 (large 5x35 cm slots)

990 Flexline SW
Performance test 2: Obstruction & multi-path effects
New Enraf
technology in
990 Flexline

990 Flexline SW
Performance results: Heimdall Diagrams

Honeywellenraf.com
FlexLine
1st Commissioning steps
Free Space application (min. settings)
Tank Bottom pos. (estimated) Dif usr rdr ull Offset to Roof
UR
Nozzle Length
Safe Fill Safe Fill
Ref. Radar Ullage.

Ref. Innage or Ref. Ullage and
Ref. Ullage.
Tank Bottom pos.

Upper Reference UR
Issue Accept Reference command
Note1: Tank Bottom offset is obtained from
Tank Bottom pos. and Ref. Innage settings
Note2 Offset is obtained from Tank Bottom pos. and
Ref. Ullage + UR settings
Additional settings:
Ref. Innage
Ref. Radar Ullage (manually obtained)
Tank Bottom position (exact, manually obtained)
Offset to Roof
Nozzle Length (only if antenna is inside nozzle)
Level Zero
Tank Bottom Offset
1
Document control number
Honeywell Proprietary Slide 1
Honeywellenraf.com
FlexLine
1st Commissioning steps
Stilling Well application (min. settings)
S-diameter Dif usr rdr ull
UR
Tank Bottom pos. (estimated) Safe Fill
Ref. Radar Ullage.
Safe Fill
Ref. Ullage.
Tank Bottom pos.
S-diameter
Ref. Innage or Ref. Ullage and
Upper Reference UR
Issue Accept Reference command
Note1: Tank Bottom offset is obtained from
Tank Bottom pos. and Ref. Innage settings
Note2 Dif usr rdr ull is obtained from Tank Bottom pos.
and Ref. Ullage + UR settings
Ref. Innage
Additional settings:
Ref. Radar Ullage (manually obtained)
Tank Bottom position (exact, manually obtained)
Level Zero
Tank Bottom Offset
2
Document control number
Honeywell Proprietary Slide 2
Honeywell Enraf Training Chan Sitaram Page 1 of 2

Commissioning FlexLine Radar Level via the SmartView:
01 S-Diameter +0.0000000+00 Only for Stilling well applications
02 Tank Bottom Pos +027.0000 Physical distance from Radar nozzle to datum plate or tank bottom
03 Max. Safe Fill +000.0000 Operational maximum allowable level in tank

04 Upper Ref Pos +027.0000 Only at ullage level
05 Offset To Roof +000.0000 Free space only, used to locate roof peaks in reflection diagram
06 Nozzle Length +000.0000 Free space only, and only if antenna stem is longer than nozzle height
07 Reference innage +999.9999 Manual Innage dip (if possible) or specify exact Tank Bottom Pos
08 Reference ullage +999.9999 Manual ullage dip (if possible) or specify exact Upper Ref. pos
09 Ref. radar ull. +999.9999 Only at ullage level (manual ullage dip)
10 Reference Status Not act Read only
11 Dif usr radr ull +999.9999 Only at ullage level (calculated by FlexLine)
12 Last ref innage +999.9999 Read only

13 Last ref ullage +999.9999 Read only
14 Tank bottom offset +000.0000 Calculated by Flexline
15 Guarding state R (G, T or I) Check after Accept Reference command (see note 2)
16 PSD ullage +012.3456
17 Alarm hysteresis +99999997 Specify hysteresis
18 Hi alarm limit +99999997 Specify Set point

19 HH alarm limit +99999997 Specify Set point
20 Lo alarm limit +99999997 Specify Set point
21 LL alarm limit +99999997 Specify Set point

Alarm test
22 Disable
enable/Disable
23 Alarm test No alarm
24 Averaging const +9.9000000E+01
25 Level Type Innage
26 Level unit Metres
27 Verif Pin pos 1 +000.0000
.. Verif pin pos .. +000.0000
31 Verif pin pos 5 +000.0000

Note 1: Printed in Bold Blue are mandatory settings to get Commissioning status True
Note 2: After modifying any setting in field 1...14 an Acceptance reference command has to be issued.
Guarding state then only can become G (Guarding).
Honeywell Enraf Training Chan Sitaram Page 2 of 2

Radar Applications
Application: by Antenna type Application categories by Antenna types
1. Free space
Free Space 2. Free Space, High Temperature
3. Stilling Well
4. Stilling Well, High Pressure
F06, F08
Stilling Well
WALP Rod
TALP
S06-S08-S10-S12
High Pressure
H04
Radar Applications
Conventional Antennas
Conventional Antenna s
Single feeder:
producing curved wave front.
poor signal-noise ratio.
Wide beam:
causing multi-path errors.
Dedicated tank fittings:
types and sizes limited.
requiring more installation efforts.
Antenna surface within transition
between inside and outside tank
temperatures
accumulation of condense water and/or
contamination on antenna surface parabola horn Compensated
causing signal loss horn
requiring maintenance

Radar Applications
Planar Antennas (PAT)
Smart
Rad
Planar Antenna s
Multiple feeder:
producing plane wave front.
Better signal-noise ratio. Plane
Simple tank fittings: front
using a tank separator
tank separator just requires one hole,
minimizing installation efforts;
existing flanges can be used.
Stem length at choice.
Antenna surface deeper inside the tank
practically no influence of condense water
and/or contamination.
no signal loss.
no maintenance required.
Easier to construct different types of antenna
(free space, wide array or stilling well in
suitable sizes etc.

Radar Applications
Planar Antenna: Construction
Antenna construction:
Layered
Metal body (stainless steel) 10 Ghz
Antenna surface (exposed to tank atmosphere): Standard tank separator
PTFE (FEP, self cleaning)
provided with conductive tracks to minimize
collection of static electricity (safety)
Antenna mounted on a stem:
Stem length
variable stem length: 5 30 50 80 cm.
choice of stem length
as short as possible
longer if application demands

Radar Applications
Smart
Free Space Applications

Radar
Antenna types F08 F06

0.5 m Min. Ullage
Mounting on existing Nozzle or Manhole
Safe Fill
Nozzle inner diameter:
6 : use F06
Max. Level
8 : use F08
Max. possible level should be at least 0.5 m below
SmartRadar
antenna surface (specified as Safe Fill )
Dipping Hatch
Antenna surface to be preferably free below nozzle
end, but can be also inside the nozzle. Existing nozzle
SmartRadar
Existing nozzle

Radar Applications
Multi path error F06, F08 Smart
Radar
Occurs when signal is returned to antenna via

Tank height
different path s (at low levels).
Multi path signal will cause error in the measured distance. D
Depending on the path length, the signal can be in phase
or out of phase, hence the error will be positive or negative.
mm Multi path error curve
F-antenna
Ullage
Tank height for accurate application

Radar Applications
Free Space Applications Smart
Radar
Smart
Radar
Multi path error WALP type W06, T06

The W06, T06 has, because of its surface size (6 x12 )
a much narrower beam towards the tank shell.
The W06, T06 can be mounted, when possible, in
direct contact with the tank shell.
In addition to the W06, the T06 has a hinged
construction and can be used at certain measures of Tank shell Tank shell
the nozzle height versus inner diameter.
mm
H E
WALP Multi path error curves F08 F08 W06
Ullage

Radar Applications
Smart
Radar
High Temperature Applications I: Rod D04

Standard Planar antenna s applicable 100 °Celsius
limit because of layered construction
Rod Antenna type D04 applicable 230 °Celsius
Rod type D04

Material: reinforced TFM
Wider beam:
poor signal-noise ratio
requires good product reflection
accuracy not within custody transfer quality
chance for multi path errors
Performance depends very much on product
behavior, periodical maintenance might be required.

Radar Applications
Free Space Applications SmartRadar
High Temperature application II

Alternative to the D04 is the use of a F08
in a lifted nozzle. New nozzle
Position the antenna surface well above
the roof level to benefit from the cooling ¼
effect from the ambient.
A stem length of 30 cm is recommended
to keep the antenna surface free from SmartRadar
contamination.
If possible, provide the bottom end of the
nozzle with a cut out of ¼ (7.5 mm) for Distance piece
impedance matching to the radar signal.
Nozzle length should be specified in radar
gauge to allow nozzle corrections. Existing nozzle

Radar Applications
Smart Smart
Rad Rad
Free Space applications on

Internal Floating Roof tanks
Roof is reflector:
Produces an offset with product level
(compensated in level gauge).
Due to product turbulence, the roof may be in
heavier turbulence. The reflected signal may
not be returned back to the antenna for longer
times (no level measurement).
A roof reflector will always return the signal
back to the antenna.
Due to regulations for radio signals in free air the
roof reflector may not be
used in open tanks.
Roof Reflector

Radar Applications
Stilling Well Applications
General: why a stilling well is required? UR?
Hydrostatic Deformation affects the ullage distance due
to the roof movements between empty and full tank.
Ullage measurement (manual or automatic) requires a
stable UR (Upper Ref.).
A stable UR can be obtained using a stilling well.
Honeywell Enraf s automatic servo and radar gauges
are provided with the feature of Hydrostatic ULL
Deformation correction. The deformation
characteristics can be programmed in the instrument
for on line corrections.
Floating roof tanks
stilling well acts also as a Guide Pipe (support pipe,
guide pole). It will guide the roof to move up/down
without rotating, so that the roof lands horizontally on
the supporting legs.

Radar Applications
Requirements for a Stilling Well I UR
Fixation in the tank:
Free from bottom, shell and roof because of the
Hydrostatic Deformation.
Fixed at the lowest ring at the shell, which is the most
stable part in the tank
Provided with equalization holes:
general: diameter 1 , pitch 1 ft, in one straight line,
sometimes: slots in spiral line.
Positioned to be exactly vertical in the tank.
Size of a stilling well:
A tank can be provided preferable by 2 stilling wells:
one for manual dipping, minimum 2
one for automatic gauging:
Servo gauges 8
Radar gauges 8 or more (how bigger, how better) Tank Foundation

Radar Applications
Requirements for a Stilling Well II UR
Construction:
Material: steel, preferably stainless steel
Sections (6 m), welded together:
in one straight line, no offset, no bend.
constant inner diameter, exact diameter
obtained.
internally smooth, no signs of welding.
inspection window, if required, should not affect
pipe shape.
valve should be full bore ball valve.
no bottle neck .
flange at top should be fixed perpendicular with
pipe.
bottom end preferably provided by a datum plate . Tank Foundation

Smart
Rad
Radar Applications
Radar performance on Stilling Well
Radar signal can exist in several modes.
Metal will cause mode changes to radar signal.
Pipe condition is very important, all details of pipe
construction matters.
Propagation speed depends on pipe diameter and pipe
condition and is different for different modes.
circular mode: v = c *v(1- 1338 )

D²
Circular mode (TE01) is less sensitive to pipe condition.
Stilling well antenna s are standard circular mode and E
available in the following sizes: H H
S06 S08 S10 S12 E
Antenna size should match with pipe diameter (impedance
matching).
Circular Mode TE01

Radar Applications
Incorrect diameter and diameter changes in Stilling Well
Usually the exact internal pipe diameter is not known and the inner diameter per
section might differ.
Propagation speed of radar signal depends on pipe diameter and pipe condition.
The speed is also different for different modes.
Incorrect diameter will cause a linear error and can corrected after obtaining the
error characteristics (manual verifications) and adjust the diameter accordingly.
Diameter changes will cause different error range per section. Corrections can be
made after obtaining the error characteristics and program it as an Ullage
Correction table.
Error
x
Ullage Correction Table xx x x
xx
xx x x x x
0 x x xx
Diameter Correction Ullage
6 12 18 24

Radar Applications
High Pressure Applications
General: why stilling well is required?
Spherical tanks, mostly LPG (propane,
butane), pressure up to 20 bar, product in
liquid and vapor (saturated) phase.
These light products have a very low product
reflection. Furthermore the vapors will affect
the radar signal (depolarization, speed).
Measuring in custody transfer quality of
accuracies should be checked by application.
The dome shaped roof will cause second and
other reflections which might be stronger than
the first product reflection.
As tank is closed, verification of radar level
measurement can only be done via
verification pins.
All together, spherical tanks always requires a
stilling well

Radar Applications
General: H
Spherical tanks, mostly LPG (propane, butane),
pressure up to 20 bar, product in liquid and
vapor (saturated) phase.
A
E
Pin 1 Position of verification pin can be detected by
radar signal in linear mode.
As per requirements, tank should be provided
by a 4 stilling well with 3 pins as follows: normal operation mode
B at 15-50-85 % of measuring range.
Pin 2
distance to each pin (A,B,C) exactly known. E
all pins in one vertical line.
direction of pins marked on flange
C H
Pin 3 A deflector plate (D) is recommended but not
required
D
verification mode

Radar Applications
Vapor corrections using verification pins
Once the physical positions of the verification (thus without influence of
vapors) is established, it can be used to verify for vapor corrections.
The position of the verification pins, obtained by the radar gauge under
normal operational will differ due to the presence of vapors.
By linear interpolation, vapor correction can be done on line at actual
measured level.
Vapour Influence mm
6 Linear interpolation
A B Level C Ullage

Radar Applications
Choice of Radar versus Servo
Both Radar and Servo is suitable for accurate measurement in accordance with
Weight & Measures requirements (max. 1 mm)
Both Radar and Servo is suitable for most of the applications.
Radar is best suitable for contaminating products like Bitumen, long and short
Residue's, Sulphur, crystallizing and polymerizing products.
Servo is best suitable for pressurized tanks and products with high vapor
pressure like Ammonia, Acetone or Acetylene.
Radar Radar or Servo Servo

Black and
Clean products White products
contaminating products
Methanol, Acetone,
Bitumen, long/short residue, Petrol, Gas oil, Kerosene, light
Ammonia, Butane,
Sulphur, Styrene, Paraffin Fuel Oil, Alcohol, light Crude
Propane, Hexane

Temperature measurement
Product stratification
Process is caused by:
environment
product pumping
Process is heat flow warm cold:

Temp. changes density changes
product flow product layers TVAPOR
Result is a vertical temp. gradient
Process influenced by weather TAMB
Process is an unpredictable and slow
Depending on the application TPROD

stratification can be avoided by
regularly or continuously mixing
TGROUND

Manual Temp. Dipping
Manual temperature dipping
Temp. is usually measured at 3 levels:
- one at about 1 meter from actual level
- one at half of the actual product level
- one at about 1 meter from the bottom
Temp. is measured using a calibrated

manual temp. gauge (thermo couple).
The average from the 3 readings is the

actual average temperature. 1m
The difference between the manual

0.9 m
dipped temp. and the real average temp.
can be within the 0.5° Celsius
1m

Automatic Tank Temp. ATT
Stratified product requires average
product temperature measurement:
Automatic temp. measurement sensors
should be mounted at least 0.9 m from
tank bottom and 0.9 m from tank shell
TVAPOR
Automatic Tank Temperature (ATT)

system can be:
Multiple spots
- 3 or more points at selected levels
Averaging ATT
- containing several temp. elements of 0.9 m
varying lengths and one element used
at a time ( MRT ) TPROD T AMB
- Multiple spot ATT ( MTT or VITO )
- 9 points acc. to API §7
- 16 points (Enraf standard)
0.9 m
TGROUND

Introduction to Thermocouple (1)
T1
+
A temp. difference T in a conductor causes T V
a thermo voltage V : V = C* T -
T0
To measure the thermo voltage, another conductor is
required, thus introducing another thermo voltage V2
T1
Using same type of conductors, the loop voltage +
V will always result in zero, because V1 = V2 T V1 V
In other words: to measure T , different type of conductors - T1
T0 - +
are required: V = (C1 - C2 )* T V2
Result: by knowing material constances C1 & C2 the temp. T1

difference T can be obtained accurately. +
T V1 V
- T1
T0 - +
V2

Introduction to Thermocouple (2)
As conclusion, thermocouple technique is very good for T 1=TREF

measurement of relative temp. ( T) +
T V1 V
- T1
For absolute temp. (T0) in addition a ref. temp. is required: T0 - +
Cold junction: V2
in a conventional loop, one of the legs is kept at a known
temp.: T1=TREF V1
- + Cold junction
T0
The measurement of T0 is neither affected by the
conductor size, nor by their method of connection.
V
- +
V2

Temperature measurement V01
Introduction to the MTT or VITO (1) TAMB
The measured V01 is the sum of all partial

voltages: V01 = V1 + V 2 + Vx + Vy Identical conductors
CuNi (Cu)
Under the condition that all conductors to T3
measure V01 are identical, is Vx = Vy + +
Vx Vy
- -
In the loop for V01 is the polarity for Vx reverse
to Vy so that: Vx = - V y
T2
As result, the measured V01 = V1 + V2

thus: V01 = (C1 + C2) T T1
+ +
V1 V2
- -
T0

Introduction to the MTT or VITO (2) Red (2x) Yellow Blue (14x) Brown (2x)
Multiple point temp. measurement is

simply obtained by using multiple
thermocouples Tn
All measuring wires are required to be
identical, therefore limited in colors. Tn-1
The required ref. temperature is obtained
using a RTD (Pt100) in a 4-wire Tn-2
configuration.
The combination of thermocouple and T3

RTD techniques produces a very accurate
multiple temp. measurement. T2
T1
T0
Pt100

MTT or VITO: Reliability
Lifetime junctions:
Wire wounded, soldered and properly isolated.
Sealed interior, 100% factory tested

Wire transitions are thoroughly sealed and Wire wounded
pressure tested (1 bar Nitrogen overpressure).
Extended tensile strength:

Internal stainless steel wire ensures tensile Soldered
strength of 23 kg.
Shrink sleeve
The lifetime construction of Enraf

thermo couples

Average Temperature
VITO temperature measurement
VITO temperature measurement is measurement of a

F HE (Highest Element)
profile from which average product temperature is
calculated E
D Average Vapor Temp.
C
Temperature is measured at 16 (or 9) positions at equal B
distance from tank bottom to top. A Product Level
9
For average product temperature the product level is 8
required. The points in the product contributes to the 7
average temperature. 6 Average Product Temp.
5
The temperature profile is continuously measured. 4
The refresh time is approx. 35 seconds. 3
2
1
0 LE (Lowest Element)
MO (Offset)
Level zero

Average Temperature
VITO HART output
The VITO HART output can be connected either to H1 or H2
+ - VITO HART output can inputs of the HCU or HCI, however for reasons of safety it
Tank be connected to: should never be combined with other HART devices.
- HCU (854/873/877) Because of the factory fixed HART addresses and the wiring
- HPI (973/971/970) connection terminology, the VITO Interface will automatically
detect the type VITO probe connected as well as the wiring
- FII-VT (990 FlexLine)
Shielded Twisted Pair cable
connection sequence.
HART address HART device

01 P1 Smart Pressure (HIMS/HG)
02 P2 Smart Pressure (HTG)
03 P3 Smart Vapor pressure (HIMS/HTG)
04 WaterScout (existing)
05 VITO (MTT (16 points) or MRT)
HART out 06 VITO LT
Tank
11 Roof Immersion Probe 1
+ - 12 Roof Immersion Probe 2
Temp. probe
Water probe 13 Roof Immersion Probe 3
Temperature measurement , VITO probes (physical)
300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300 300
>700 >700 >700 >700 >700 >700 >700 >700
F F
F F HE F HE HE HE 9 HE9 HE 9 HE 9 HE
OL+150mm
OL+150mm
OL+150mm
OL+150mm
OL+150mm
OL+150mm
E E E
E E 8 8 8 8
3 2
1 2 1 1 2 1 2
2 SL 1m 0 R LE 1 R 0 R LE 1 R 0 R LE 1 R 0 R LE 1 R
500mm 500mm 500mm
1 1000mm 1000mm
1000mm
1500mm 1500mm 1500mm
0 0 2000mm 2000mm 2000mm0

R LE 0 LE 0 LE LE
864 MTT 764C 764D 765 766C 766D 767C 767D 768C 768D

VITO Temperature measurement
764/767 VITO probes, Mechanical Installation
Always provide Safety Grounding!!
Safety
Installation on a 2 nozzle: Grounding
Anchoring weight (< 23 kg)
Flange with G ½ thread or
½ hole with lock washers and nuts
Installation on a 2 thermo well: >700 >700
Bottom end open
F HE F HE
Bottom end closed (preferable, safety zone 1)
- empty (chance for condense water)
- oil filled (incl. expansion/filling piece) E E
OL OL
3 3
2 2
1 1
Anchoring
weights
0 0

VITO Temperature measurement
765/766/768 VITO probes, Mechanical Installation
Safety
Always provide Safety Grounding!! Grounding
Installation on a 2 nozzle:
Anchoring weight (< 23 kg) or fixed at
bottom
Flange with G ½ thread or
½ hole with lock washers and nuts
Installation on a 2 thermo well:

Bottom end open OL OL OL
- either covering entire overall length
or
- to above capacitive probe
Anchoring
weights

Tank Inventory Calculations and Systems
Chan Sitaram
Senior Training Officer
Tank Inventory Calculations
Observed Volumes TOV/GOV
TOV = Total Observed Volume or Total

Ln ,Vn
Volume at measured innage level
Linear interpolation in TCT
GOV = Gross Observed Volume or Gross

BSW = Base Sediment and Water
- also referred as Water L3 ,V3
- volume at measured water interface
calculated from the TCT Level
TOV
L2 ,V2
GOV = TOV Water
- corrected for: GOV
- roof weight (floating roof tanks only) INN
L1 ,V1
- tank shell temperature (if required)
Water
L0 ,V0
Tank zero BSW
www.Honeywellenraf.com Slide 2
Tank Inventory Calculations Dn0
Reference Volume GSV
GSV = Gross Standard Volume or Net
GOV is Volume at actual temperature
Ln ,Vn
GSV is Volume at reference temperature
GSV = GOV * VCF
VCF = Volume Correction Factor
- VCF is the relative change in volume if
product temperature is changed from
TACT (actual temperature) to L3 ,V3
TREF (reference temperature).
Level
VCF is derived (calculated) from TOV
ASTM/API tables or other formulas. L2 ,V2
VCF >1 if TREF > TACT GOV INN

VCF = 1 if TREF = TACT L1 ,V1
VCF < 1 if TREF < TACT.
Water
L0 ,V0
Tank zero BSW
Temp. corrections e.g. Volume Correction Factor VCF
For Hydrocarbons VCF is calculated from
API/ASTM tables, e.g. ASTM 53, 54
ASTM 53: automatic density (D OBS)
(For not pressurized tanks)
ASTM 54: manual density (D REF)
DOBS DREF
GSV (Ref. Volume) ASTM-53
VCF = VCF
GOV(Observed Volume) TPROD
DOBS (density at prod. temp. TPROD)
VCF =
DREF (density at ref. temp. TREF) TREF P-CODE
DREF TCF
P-CODE: A for Crude ASTM-54
B for Refined products VCF
TPROD
C for special products
D for Lubricants
E for light Hydrocarbons (LPG) TREF P-CODE
Final Reference Volumes GSV-NSV-TGSV
NSV = Net Standard Volume is the reference volume without Sed. & Water
NSV = GSV*(100-S&W%)/100
S&W% is obtained by product analyzing.
TGSV = Total Gross Standard Volume is the reference volume including vapor as liquid .
The calculation is based on:
Vapor to Liquid method
Molecular structure method .
TGSV
por
+ Va
GSV None GSV

-S
+W
%
NSV
Mass Calculations using DREF of DOBS
Mass can be calculated using:

Reference Density DREF (dipped or sampled density)
Observed Density DOBS (Hydrostatic density, using Smart Pressure Transmitters)
DREF from Dipped or Sampled Density :

Mass in vacuum: Mass = DREF * GSV (TGSV or NSV if available)
Mass in air: Mass = ( DREF-DAIR) * GSV (TGSV or NSV is available)
DOBS from Hydrostatic pressure (HTG or HIMS)

Mass in vacuum: Mass = DOBS * GOV
Mass in air: Mass = ( DOBS-DAIR) * GOV
Overview Inventory Calculations (Level based)
Observed Volume Reference Volume
Views
-screens
TOV GOV -printers GSV NSV TGSV Mass
VOL BSW TCF VCF S&W GasVol
TCT TCT ASTM or API Corrections *DREF
Inventory Calculations (calculation engine

S&W%.
Prod. Level Water Level Prod. Temp. Sampled Dens Vapor Temp. Vapor Press.
Tank Gauging (scan engine)

TOV = Total Observed Volume
GOV = Gross Observed Volume, TOV corrected for: ASTM = American Standard of Testing Materials
- BSW and/or tank shell temp. and/or roof weight. TCT = Total Capacity Table API = American Petrol Institute
GSV = Gross Standard Volume BSW = Base Sediment and Water S&W = Sediment & Water mixed in product (%)
NSV = Net Standard Volume (exclusive S&W) TCF = Thermal Expansion Coefficient GasVol = Volume of vapor as liquid
TGSV = Total Gross Standard Volume (inclusive Vapor as liquid) VCF = Volume Correction Factor DREF = Density at reference temperature
Tank Inventory Systems
Sampling or Standpipe for
Aspects of Automatic Tank Gauging Manual Dip Thermo well
level gauge
STATIC QUANTITY ASSESSMENT Shell capacity

High TOV
Shell capacity = utmost maximum volume what the tank can hold.
High TOV = Safe fill (usually the high alarm of the tank).
Available room = the empty room in the tank at this moment.

Available room
TOV = Total Observed Volume at actual level.
GOV = Gross Observed Volume (TOV - Water).
Available GOV = the transferable product from the tank .

TOV Level
Low TOV = the low stop of product transfer in normal operation
(usually the low alarm of the tank).
Available GOV
S&W% = Sediment and Water mixed with product
GOV / GSV
Water = the amount of sediment and water in the tank. S&W%
BSW = Base sediment and water. Low TOV
Water
BSW
HTG (direct Mass)
HTG Hydrostatic Tank Gauging
P3
Mass [kg] = Pressure [kg/m2] x Area [m2]
Mass = P1 x Area of tank
Area of tank = Volume / Level

Level TCT Volume
Level: Estimated using P2 P1
Level = d
P1 P2
Mass
P3: required only by closed tanks
P1
P1 x Areacyl Mass = ( P1 P3) x Area of tank
P2
d Dens = P1 d P2
P1
P1 P3 P1 P2
Level = d Dens = d
P1 P2
HTG produces excellent Mass, but poor Level & Volume
HTMS (direct Volume and Mass)
HTMS Hybrid Tank Management System
Mass [kg] = Pressure [kg/m2] x Area [m2] P3
Mass = P1 x Area of tank
Area of tank = Volume / Level

HTMS advantages: Level TCT TOV / GOV / GSV Level
Excellent Mass (as with HTG)
Excellent Level and Volume Level: Measured (Servo or Radar)
Excellent Density (best accuracy, on line) P1
All advantages for tank operations Dens = Level - offset
because of level & level alarms
and volumes. P3: required only on closed tanks
Overcomes all disadvantages of HTG (like Mass = ( P1 P3) x Area of tank
limit in tank capacity) P1
Any HTG or Level system can be P1 P3 Offset
Dens =
upgraded to HTMS system Level - offset
HTMS system can be completed in phases.
HTMS produces excellent Mass, excellent Level, excellent Volume & excellent Density
HTMS is the therefore best of both Worlds
Tank Inventory Systems Host OPC
Client
System overview: Entis Pro
Network
OPC OPC OPC
Host Server Server Server
SCADA
DCS
Host PLC Entis Pro stations
Modbus
CIU Plus (calculation engine)
Modbus
CIU Prime (scan engine)
RS 232/485 (CIU-GPU)
BPM-GPU
FlexLine via
One Wireless
Enraf Field interfaces: CIU Prime & Plus
HP1 HP2 HP3 HP4 CIU Plus
Calculation engine (active)
Max. 50 tanks
PORTS
HP1..HP4: optional (plug & play)
OPTIONAL - RS232/485 selectable
- RTU Modbus (slave), fully field configurable
FP1 FP2 Configuration tool for Prime/Plus : Ensite Pro
CIU Prime
HP1 HP2 Scan engine (active)
Max. 50 tanks
HP1 and HP2: standard
RS232/484 (selectable), RTU Modbus (slave)
PORTS
HP2 optional CIU-GPU (Entis XS, XL or service tool)
OPTIONAL
FP1..FP4: optional (plug & play)
BPM-GPU (3p connector) and/or
CIU-GPU (RS232/485 selectable)
FP1 FP2 FP3 FP4
Tank Inventory Systems Host OPC
System overview: Entis XL Client
OPC Client OPC Server Network
Calculation engine
Entis XL Scan engine
RS
RS
Field interfacing
Datacon
CIU-GPU
SmartLink
Modbus Modbus
FlexLine via
One Wireless CIU CIU Prime
858
BPM Remote I/O

Systems
30 30 50
TRL/2
Up to 32 Devices
BPM-GPU
Saab E+H PLC Systems
Others Systems
Entis Pro
Remote
OPC Modbus
Viewer 45E
TCP TCP RS
Custody Transfer (W&M)

Several languages
Entis Pro
Sealing facilities
Networking
Hot Standby
RS
Modbus
RS RS
FlexLine via One Wireless
RS
Modbus
RS
RS
BPM RS-GPU
BPM-GPU
Tank Inventory Systems RTU RTU
OPC or Web
Modbus Modbus server
Entis XL Modbus
TCP RS
LNG Pro
Entis XL
Networking
Hot Standby
RS RS
Enraf
CIU-GPU
RS TCP
CIU-GPU RS RS
SmartLink
Datacon
CIU 858 CIU Prime

RS RS 3p 3p
3p
BPM
CIU-GPU FCU WM550

30 50 Enraf Saab Whessoe
30
BPM-GPU Modbus
BPM-GPU Enraf
Entis Pro with OneWireless upgrade
Network Entis Pro Stations Upgrade an Entis pro system with OneWireless
Instrumentation is easy.
In an Entis Pro system all Instruments must be
connected to the CIU Prime.
To add OneWireless Instrumentation to Entis Pro the
OneWireless Gateway must be connect to a free serial
field port of the CIU Prime.
RTU Modbus The OneWireless Gateway is an Ethernet output.
An Ethernet to RS convertor (e.g. Lantronix) is required.
CIU Plus
RTU Modbus
CIU Prime Lantronix
Multinodes
RS GPU TCP/IP
Gateway
BPM GPU BPM GPU

JB JB
GPU via BPM 1200 Baud 4 ports parallel


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Honeywellenraf.

Accurate Level Gauging

• INN (Innage level) is the distance between

• A Tank zero is required however it is not a fixed point, nor it is visible

Accurate Level Gauging

• The position of Low reference is: ULL = Ullage

• Tanks for custody transfer require a calibrated low reference [LR],

Accurate Level Gauging

Accurate Level Gauging

Accurate Level Gauging

– The average from the 3 dippings is the actual [INN]. ULL

Accurate Level Gauging

Accurate Level Gauging

• Ullage dipping is allowed under the conditions that:

– Influence of Hydrostatic Deformation is neglect able low

Accurate Level Gauging

• Other requirements for the support pipe

cross section A-A

Accurate Level Gauging

Accurate Level Gauging

Accurate Level Gauging

Accurate Level Gauging

Level (cm) Vol. (l) Level (cm) Vol. (l)

apparent weight (grams)

Honeywell Enraf Training

apparent weight apparent weight

Set point closer to displacer weight less

apparent weight (grams)

max. max. Set point [S1] = [DW] - 15

Honeywell Enraf Training

Sensitivity for 854 ATG

Honeywell Enraf Training

Honeywell Enraf Training

854 ATG 854 XTG

Honeywell Enraf Training

Honeywell Enraf Training

A Threaded flame path Safety

Honeywell Enraf Training

Honeywell Enraf Training

Honeywell Enraf Training

Honeywell Enraf Training

XPU SPU HCU GPS

Honeywell Enraf Training

Instrument accuracy depends on

Instrument accuracy W&M [mm] 854 [mm]

Honeywell Enraf Training

Temperature changes will cause

Influence of temperature on level accuracy

Temperature influence on servo level measurement is

Example with temp. change of T = 10 °C

Honeywell Enraf Training

Item Weight [g] 18

Honeywell Enraf Training

Honeywell Enraf Training

The CAN bus outlines:

Enraf Field bus

Power Power Power

VITO VITO VITO

CAN Bus CAN

Health led LE1 UNCERTAIN

RS232, RS422 or RS485: selectable (Engauge)

NON-ISOLATED: RS232 or RS422