International Organizations and International Economic Law Overheads

GATT Negotiation Rounds Geneva Annecy Torquay Geneva Dillon Kennedy Tokyo Uruguay Doha 1947 1949 1950 1956 1960-1961 1962-1967 1973-1979 1986-1994 (Final Act creates the WTO) 2001 - ...

WTO Agreement Article III: 1 The WTO shall facilitate the implementation, administration and operation, and further the objectives, of this Agreement and of the Multilateral Trade Agreements, and shall also provide the framework for the implementation, administration and operation of the Plurilateral Trade Agreements.

IBRD Articles of Agreement (1944) (as amended 1989) Article II Membership in and Capital of the Bank Section 1 Membership

(a) The original members of the Bank shall be those members of the International Monetary Fund which accept membership in the Bank before the date specified in Article XI, Section 2 (e). (b) Membership shall be open to other members of the Fund, at such times and in accordance with such terms as may be prescribed by the Bank.

IBRD Articles of Agreement (1944, as amended 1989) Article I The purposes of the Bank are: (i) To assist in the reconstruction and development of territories of members by facilitating the investment of capital for productive purposes []; (ii) To promote private foreign investment by means of guarantees or participations in loans [] by private investors; and when private capital is not available on reasonable terms, to supplement private investment by providing, on suitable conditions, finance for productive purposes out of its own capital, funds raised by it and its other resources. (iii) To promote the long-range balanced growth of international trade and the maintenance of equilibrium in balances of payments by encouraging international investment for the development of the productive resources of members []. []

IBRD Articles of Agreement Article IV Section 10 The Bank and its officers shall not interfere in the political affairs of any member, nor shall they be influenced in their decisions by the political character of the member or members concerned. Only economic considerations shall be relevant to their decisions, and these considerations shall be weighed impartially in order to achieve the purposes stated in Article I.

Voting in the World Bank US: Japan: Germany: France: UK: Others: 16.41% 7.87% 4.49% 4.31% 4.31% 62.61%