STATICS Formulas for the exam

1 Vector products

i×j =k j×k =i k×i=j

   
 i j k   a ay az 
  x
a × b =  ax ay az  a · (b × c) =  bx by bz 
 
   
 bx by bz   cx cy cz 

2 Moment of a force about the point

MO = r × F

3 Moment of a force about an axis

Mλ = λ · (r × F )

4 Equations of equilibrium
X
F =0
X
M =0

5 Equivalence of two systems of forces (s) and (s,)

F (s, )
X X
F (s) =
X X
MO (s) = MO (s, )

6 Wrench
Mw + a × R = MO
M w = pR
pitch of the wrench
R · MO
p=
R2
R × MO
a=
R2

1
7 Centroids and Centers of Gravity
n
X
Center of gravity for composite body: x̄W = x̄i Wi ;
i=1
n
X
Centroid of composite volume: x̄V = x̄i Vi ;
i=1
n
X
Centroid of composite area: x̄A = x̄i Ai ;
i=1
Xn
Centroid of composite line: x̄L = x̄i Li ;
i=1
Integral form: Z Z Z
Centroid of volume: x̄V = xdV,
V
Z Z
Centroid of area: x̄A = xdA;
A
Z
Centroid of line: x̄L = xdL;
L

8 Second Moments of Areas (Moments of Inertia)

Z Z
Ixx ≡ Ix = y 2 dA;
A
Z Z
Iyy ≡ Iy = x2 dA;
A
Z Z
Ixy = xydA
A
Z Z
Polar moment of inertia: JO = r2 dA = Ixx + Iyy
A
Parallel axes theorem (x,y - centroidal axes):
Ix0 x0 = Ixx + ȳ 2 A; Iy0 y0 = Iyy + x̄2 A; Ix0 y0 = Ixy + x̄ȳA

9 Forces in Beams

Relations between distributed load, shear force, and bending moment:

dV dM
= −q; =V
dx dx