Professional Documents
Culture Documents
and growth.
Dr. Edet E. Udo PhD
Department of Microbiology
Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University.
• 1. Gram- positive bacteria contain a thick layer of peptidoglycan (T/F)
• 2. The periplasmic space is present in both Gram-positive and Gram-
negative bacteria ( T/F)
• 3. Bacterial LPS has both antigenic and virulent properties (T/F)
• 4. Staphylococcus is Gram-positive cocci in clusters (T/F)
• 5. A bacterial spore germinates into two daughter cells ( T/ F).
• Objectives
• Define nutrition, explain the nutritional
requirements of bacteria.
• Define bacterial growth.
• Discuss the phases of microbial growth and
their relationship to generation time
• Define metabolism and the fundamental
differences between anabolism and catabolism
• Describe cultivation of bacteria in the
laboratory
Bacterial nutrition
• Definition:
• Nutrition
• Nutrition is a process by which organisms
acquire chemical substances (Nutrients) used
in cellular activities such as metabolism and
growth.
Organisms differ in the use of particular
elements, their source and chemical form.
Microbial growth
Microbial growth refers to both the increase in
cell size and number of cells in a population
Metabolism
includes all the biochemical reactions
that occur in the cell.
It consists of anabolic and catabolic
reactions.
• Categories of essential nutrients
• Macronutrients: required in relatively
large quantities e.g. proteins,
carbohydrates
• Micronutrients or trace elements:
required in smaller amounts.
• E.g. zinc, manganese.
• Are involved in enzyme functions and
maintenance of protein structure.
Bacterial growth
Cell division:
– binary or transverse
division.
• During binary fission,
– the parent cell enlarges,
duplicates its
chromosomes and forms
a central transverse
septum that divides the
cell into two daughter
cells.
Cell division
Generation or doubling time:
The average generation time for
bacteria is 30-60 minutes under
optimum conditions.
• 2. Catalase,
• which converts hydrogen peroxide into water
and oxygen is also present in all aerobic
bacteria but is lacking in aerotolerant
organisms. Strict anaerobes lack both
enzymes.
• Selective media:
• contains salts, dyes or other chemicals that inhibit the growth
unwanted microorganisms.
• Differential media:
• contain chemicals that allow the distinction between different types of
organisms e.g. Lactose in MacConkey agar.