Kuwait University Math 363 Date: June 9, 2007

Dr. Michael Johnson Final Exam Duration: 120 minutes

Electronic devices (mobiles, calculators, ...) are NOT allowed.

1. (5 pts) Let A ∈ Fn×n and define

W = {x ∈ Fn×1 : Ak x = 0 for some k ∈ N}.

Prove that W is a subspace of Fn×1 .

2. (5 pts) Let S = {v1 , v2 , . . . , vn } be vectors in a vector space V , and put w = v1 + v2 + · · · + vn .
(a) Give the definition of “S is linearly independent”.
(b) Prove that if the equation c1 v1 + c2 v2 + · · · + cn vn = w has the unique solution
c1 = c2 = · · · cn = 1, then S is linearly independent.
3. (6 pts) Let T : R3×3 → R6 be a linear transformation such that N (T ) equals the set of 3 × 3
symmetric matrices.
(a) Find such a linear transformation T .
(b) Determine the nullity and rank of T .
(c) Is T onto? Is T one-to-one? Explain.
4. (5 pts) Let A and B be similar matrices in Fn×n .
(a) Show that they have the same eigenvalues.
(b) Prove that if A is diagonalizable, then so is B.
5. (6 pts) Let A ∈ Fn×n , and put W = span{I, A, A2, . . . , An−1 }.
(a) State the Cayley-Hamilton Theorem (for matrices).
(b) Prove that Ak ∈ W for all k ∈ N.
6. (5 pts) Let S = {u1 , u2 , . . . , un } be an orthogonal set of nonzero vectors in an inner product
space V .
(a) Prove that S is linearly independent.
(b) Let x ∈ V and define
n
X hx, uj i
y= 2 uj .
j=1 kuj k

Prove that x − y is orthogonal to every vector w ∈ span(S).

7. (8 pts) Let V denote the vector space R3×1 equipped with the inner product
 
2 1 0
T
hx, yi = x Ay, where A = 1
 2 1.
0 1 1

(a) Apply the Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization process to the linearly independent set
     
1 0 0
S = {  0  ,  2  ,  0 }
0 0 3

to find an orthonormal basis for V .

(b) Let T : V → V be the linear transformation defined by
 
0 −1 −1
T (x) = 0
 2 2  x.
0 0 −1

Prove that T is self-adjoint.