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    This document discusses nucleic acids and their role in biochemistry and therapeutics. It covers how nucleic acids like DNA and RNA are composed of nucleotides and how they function in cells to carry genetic information and act as enzyme cofactors. It also summarizes that DNA exists as a double helix, is supercoiled and packaged, and that genes encode polypeptides or RNA. Nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolism are mentioned as potential drug targets.

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    This document discusses nucleic acids and their role in biochemistry and therapeutics. It covers how nucleic acids like DNA and RNA are composed of nucleotides and how they function in cells to carry genetic information and act as enzyme cofactors. It also summarizes that DNA exists as a double helix, is supercoiled and packaged, and that genes encode polypeptides or RNA. Nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolism are mentioned as potential drug targets.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    10 views19 pages

    Nucleic Acid 1

    Uploaded by

    chitzy1
    This document discusses nucleic acids and their role in biochemistry and therapeutics. It covers how nucleic acids like DNA and RNA are composed of nucleotides and how they function in cells to carry genetic information and act as enzyme cofactors. It also summarizes that DNA exists as a double helix, is supercoiled and packaged, and that genes encode polypeptides or RNA. Nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolism are mentioned as potential drug targets.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 19

    Biochemical Basis of Therapeutics Nucleic Acids

    Why Nucleic acids are special biomolecules


    How genes work Regulating gene action Changing the message The new genetics

    Dr PF Long ext 48432 Room 5.119 (paul.long@kcl.ac.uk)

    Why Nucleic Acids are Special Biomolecules


    Nucleic acid structure & metabolism
    Function of nucleic acids in cells

    Genome organisation
    Nucleic acids as drug targets

    Nucleotides & Nucleic Acids have Charactersitic Bases & Pentoses

    Major Purine & Pyrimidine Bases of Nucleic Acids

    Biosynthesis of Purine Ribonucleotides

    Biosynthesis of Adenylate & Guanylate from Inosinate

    Biosynthesis of UTP & CTP Pyrimidine Ribonucleotides

    Ribonucleotides are Deoxyribonucleotide Precursors

    Thymidylate is Derived from dCTP & dUMP

    Nucleotides Carry Chemical Energy in Cells

    Adenine Nucleotides are Components of Many Enzyme Cofactors

    Some Nucleotides are Regulatory Molecules

    Nucleic Acids are the Molecules of Heredity

    Phosphodiester Bonds link Successive Nucleotides in Nucleic Acids

    DNA is a Double Helix

    DNA Molecules Are Much Longer Than the Packages that Contain Them

    Most Cellular DNA is Supercoiled

    Chromatin Consists of DNA & Protein

    Nucleosomes are Packed into Successively Higher Order Structures


    The folding mechanisms must not only pack the DNA but also allow access to information in the DNA

    LECTURE 2

    Summary
    Nucleotides consist of a nitrogenous base, a pentose sugar and one or more phosphate groups. They have many cellular functions. There are two types of nucleic acids DNA and RNA. DNA bears genetic information. RNA transfers this information. DNA is a double helix that is supercoiled and packed into higher order structures in eukaryotes & bacteria the genome A gene is a DNA segment that encodes a polypeptide or RNA: one gene = one product Nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolism are targets for selective drug toxicity

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