A project is: A planned undertaking of related activities to reach an objective that has a beginning and an end (Project Management

t Institute) A temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result (PMBOK Guide, Third Edition, 2004, p. 5)

Characteristic of a project: It must have a beginning and an end A project is done when one of the following occurs: 1.The projects objectives have been achieved, as agreed by the sponsor 2.It has been determined that the projects objectives will not or cannot be achieved 3.The need for the project no longer exists, and the project is terminated Never been done before- UNIQUE Must contain a well-defined purpose Because each project is unique, creates uncertainty and risk Projects Are Progressively Elaborated hence accomplish in phases

Secondary Characteristics: Each project must have a primary sponsor or champion Projects usually cut across organizational lines requiring resources from several different sources They must do something, deliver something of value Led by a project manager Teams are dynamic Should have a primary customer or sponsor The project sponsor usually provides the direction and funding for the project

Why Undertake a Project? To take advantage of a business opportunity To solve a business problem Feasibility Study o Do you have the: Time? Financial resources? Technical resources?

3 Major causes of project failure Lack of planning (2 Poor quality control (3 Failed of communication (1

Top Five Causes of Project Failure 1. Lack of attention to human and organizational factors 2. Poor project management 3. Poor articulation of user requirements 4. Inadequate attention to business needs and goals 5. Failure to involve users appropriately Others 1. Lack of executive support 2. Lack of user involvement 3. Inexperienced project manager 4. Inexperienced team members 5. Unclear business objectives 6. Unreliable estimates 7. Lack of effective project management methodology

8. New software infrastructure 9. Unstable organizational environment 10. Unreliable outside suppliers PM is: The application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to project activities in order to meet project requirements.

Successful project management means : meeting all three goals (scope, time, and cost) and satisfying the projects sponsor!