Earthquake terminology.

Some useful definitions:

Aftershock
An earthquake which follows a larger earthquake or main shock
and originates at or near the focus of the larger earthquake.
Generally, major earthquakes are followed by a larger number of
aftershocks, decreasing in frequency with time.
Benioff Zone
A dipping zone containing earthquake hypocentres lying along the
top of a subducting plate.
Epicenter
That point on the Earth's surface directly above the hypocenter of
an earthquake.
Focus
That point within the Earth from which originates the first motion
of an earthquake and its elastic waves.
Focal zone
 The rupture zone of an earthquake. In the case of a great
earthquake, the focal zone may extend several hundred kilometers
in length.
Foreshock
A small tremor that commonly precedes a larger earthquake or main
shock by seconds to weeks and that originates at or near the focus
of the larger earthquake.
Hypocenter
The calculated location of the focus of an earthquake.
Magnitude
A measure of the strength of an earthquake or strain energy
released by it, as determined by seismographic observations. The
local body- and surface-wave magnitudes will have approximately
the same numerical value.
Modified Mercalli scale
Mercalli scale modified for North American conditions.
Subduction zone
An elongated region along which a block of crusts descends relative
to another crustal block, for example, the descent of the Pacific
plate beneath the Andean plate along the Andean trench.
Teleseism
An earthquake that is distant from the recording station.
Travel time
The time required for a wave train to travel from its source to a
point of observation.
Tsunami
A huge sea wave caused by earthquakes. (Referred to by many as a
tidal wave.)