TUBERCULOSIS DEFINITION: It is an acute or chronic mycobacterium infection characterized by pulmonary infiltrates and the formation of granulomas with caseation,

fibrosis and cavitation. The main site of infection is lung. Etiology Multiplication of the bacillus MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS causes an inflammatory process. SYMPTOMATOLOGY FATIGUE COUGH FEVER NIGHT SWEATS ANOREXIA WEIGHT LOSS CHEST PAIN BLOOD-TINGED SPUTUM WHEEZES CREPITANT CRACKLES BRONCHIAL BREATH SOUNDS ANATOMY

Tuberculosis infection occurs primarily in the upper part of the lower lobe or the lower part of the upper lobe of a lung.

COMPLICATION Progressive shortness of breath, -pneumothorax, -pleural effusion, -military tuberculosis, -spine TB, -meningitis, -tuberculosis meningitis, -kidney TB, -kidney disease, -peritonitis, -pericardities,

-lymph node infection, -bone complications, -joint complications, -fallopian tube infection (salpingitis), -bowel infection, DIAGNOSTICS Tuberculosis is diagnosed definitively by identifying the causative organism (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) in a clinical sample (for example, sputum or pus). When this is not possible, a probable although sometimes inconclusive diagnosis may be made using imaging (X-rays or scans), a tuberculin skin test (Mantoux test) and/or a Interferon Gamma Release Assay (IGRA).

Nursing diagnosis & Intervention Ineffective airway clearance - Teach effective deep breathing and coughing techniques High risk of infection and spread of infection- Teach patient and family the purpose and techniques for infection control such as hand washing, patient covering mouth when coughs, maintaining isolation if necessary Lack of knowledge about the condition, treatment, prevention - Give clear thorough explanations and demonstrations

Medical / Surgical Management