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ဂ်ီေဟာသူ (မစႏၵာ)
ဂ်ီေဟာသူ (မစႏၵာ)
rpEm
rpE
rpEm
(1)
*sDa[mol
rpEm
hudkawmh
r,lap&1ml;?
tymkwfajymwm}
***
wJhav/
*sDa[mol
(2)
]rauseyf1ml; cifcsdK&,f? t0g enf;enf;rS rauseyf1ml;}
]1mmudkvJ}
]tm;vHk;udkaygh? t0gwkd htaqmifudk eSdrfaejuwJh vlwdkif;udkayhg}
t0gonf cifcsdKwkd htcef;xJodk hajcvSrf;usJusJeSifh vSrf;0ifvm&if; ajymavonf/ cifcsdKvnf; wGuf
vufpocFsmykpmudkcsxm;vdkuf&if;t0ghudktxl;tqef; junfhrdonf/t0gwpfckckawmh jzpfvmjyD xifonf/
]t0g 1mmjzpfvmwmvJ}
]tdk rcHcsifvdk hyg}
]1mmudk rcHcsifwmvJ}
]tvum; iemawG? t0gwkd htqmifu ausmif;olawGudk rvS1ml;wJh? rvS&if 1mmvdk h &nf;pm;pm
awG atmwkdufatmif ay;aejuao;vJ? wpfae hwpfae holwkd hwawGyJ tm;tm;,m;,m; pmawG a&;edkif
w,f? xnfhxnfhekdifw,f? ydk; rpGHawmh tvum; yHkrvmyg1ml;qdkjyD; vufcgw,f? ymGef; aumif;ovm;}
t0gonf yg;eSpfzufudk azmif;aeatmif plum rausreyf ajymaeavonf/ rJhvdkuf &GJ h vdkufeSifh
tacsmufwkduf a'gojuD;aeonf/ cifcsdKu junfh&if; &,frdaomtcg pum;ajym&yfjyD; cifcsdK hudkyg
j*dKymfjunfh junfhaeavonf/
]'grsm; pdwfqkd;p&mvm; t0g&,f? olwkd hymm olwkd hajymcsif&m ajymjuapaygh}
]tdk olwkd hajymcsif&m ajymwkdif; cH&rSmwJhvm;}
]uJ rcHvdk h1mmvkyfcsifovJ}
]ymGef; &dkufypfcsifw,f? wu,f}
jyHK;usJusJ vkyfaeaom cifcsdK\ ykcHk;eSpfzufudk udkifvSKyf&if; rajurcsrf; ajymonf/ wpfaqmif
vHk;udk ajymonfhtxJwGif r0gonf wpfa,mufwnf; 'dkifcHjyD; pdwfqkd;aeavonf/ cifcsdKu oleSifh twl
vdkufjyD; pdwfrqdk;ojzifhvnf; auseyfekdifymef r&acs/
pufrSKausmif;om;rsm;eSifh *sDaymmolwkd h&efyGJonf *smat; ol htar&dkufovdk csmvnfvdkuf
aeavonf/ *sDaymmolrsm; tvSrjyifjuonfrSmvnf; wu,fyif/ oeyfcg;a&usJvdrf;jyD; ausmif;wufju
olrsm;rdk hausmif;roGm;rD tvSjyifcsdef ig;rdepfcef h &vSsif vHkavmufjuavonf/
rpEm
*sDa[mol
***
rpEm
(3)
a,musfm;av;rsm; pkrdvSsif rdef;uav;tajumif;udk trsm;qHk; ajymjuonfymk qdkonf/ wu,f
ymkwfrymkwfawmh cifcsdKvnf; a,musfm; rymkwf taotcsm rodacs/ rdef;uav;rsm; pkrdvSsif
a,musfm;av;tajumif;ajymjuonfum; trSefyif/ a,musfm;awGaumif;ajumif;? qdk;ajumif; tusifhp&dkuf
rsm;udkOD;wnfjyD;ajymrdjuonf/ xkdae huvnf; vufzuf0dkif;wGif *sDaymmolrsm;udk eSdrfaomausmif;om;rsm;
tajumif;udk pum;OD;wnfrdjuavonf/
]trSefawmh pdwfqdk;p&m rymkwf1ml;? rdef;uav;awG&J htvS? tdkav vlom;awG&J h tvSppf
tvSrSefymm &ifxJrSm eSvHk;om;rSm &Sdw,fqdkwm rjrif1mJ rdwfuyf? eSKwfcrf;eDeJ hqHyif *kwf0JawGudk rufjyD;
ta&jym;wpfaxmufudkom junfhwwf jrifwwfwJh olwdk hawGymm oem;p&mawmif aumif;ao;w,f}
rdonf vufzufokwfudk wjrHK hjrHK hpm;&if; t1md"rmqefqef ajymonf/ rdpum;udk cifcsdK oa1mm
usrdaomfvnf; r0gurl auseyfyHkr&acs/
]tdk t0gawmh rauseyf1ml;? olwkd h&kyfawGua&m tif*sifeD,mausmif;om;&,fvdk husm;usm;,m;,m;
&Sdvdk hvm;? ykwJholu yk? ydefwJholu ydef? 0wJhvlawGuvJ pnfydkif;vm;atmufarh&w,f? ykuGydefacsmufawG}
]ymJh r0g&J h? eifuvJ ta&jym;tvSudk junfhjyefjyDvm;}
]junfhwmaygh? wlnDaom rsufpdeJ hyJ jyefjunfh&w,f? 'grS w&m;rSm}
r0gonf tvum;ae&if; a'gojuD;vSavonf/ cifcsdKurl r0gudkjunfh&if; &,fcsifaeonf/
*sDaymmoltm;vHk; udk,fpm;olu 'dkifcHpdwfqdk;aeavawmh cifcsdKwdk h pdwfqkd;zdk h&efyif rvdkawmh acs/ r0g
wpfa,mufwnf;eSifh vHkavmufovdk jzpfaeavonf/
]tr,fav; tJ'D ykuG ydefacsmufawGu tjyifrSm aps;aumif;w,fuGJ h}
]'gajumifhvJ ol henf;eJ hol 1m0ifudkufjuwm xifyg&J haemf}
xkdae hu cifcsdK em;axmiform; oufouf jzpfavonf/ vufzufokwfu tpyfwnfhvSojzifh
vufzufudkom wGifwGif rJjyD; pm;rdonf/ olwdk hajymaeaom tajumif;t&mrsm;xuf vufzufudk ydkjyD;
pdwf0ifpm;rdonfqdku rSm;rnf rymkwfacs/
]aym; 1mmawG pm;aejuwmvJ? 'Dvdkrsm;usawmh 'dk hudk owdr&1ml;aygh? aymm'Du tacsmtvS
av;udk owdr&ju1ml;ayghav w,faumif;}
*sDa[mol
rpEm
*sDa[mol
]avavSsmhygOD; ndKaxG;&,f}
wpfcsdefvHk; jidrfaeaom a0a0u ,ckrS 0ifajymavonf/ a0a0\jyHK;pyfpyf? &,fusJusJ rsufeSm
uav; wGifyif acwrSs tjyHK;uG,faysmufaeonf/ tHhjoovdk rsufvHk;uav; t0dkif;om;eSifh ndKaxG;udk
ai;junfhaeavonf/
]ndKaxG;avus,fwm rymkwfyg1ml; a0a0&,f? wu,fajymaewmyg? *sDaymmoludk rvdkcsif1ml;qdkwJh
ausmif;om;awGudk *sDaymmola&S hrSm 'l;axmifjyD; idkcsif;csatmif vkyfedkifygw,f}
]rvG,f1ml; ndKaxG;&J hrvG,f1ml;? a,musfm;ymm rdef;rtwGuf upm;p&m qkd&if olwkd hu wjyef
rdef;rymm a,musfm;awGtwGuf tysif;ajzp&myJvdk hoa1mmxm;&if rcufygvm;}
'Dwpfcgawmh cifcsdKajymjzpfavonf/ r0gudk a'gorjuD;apcsifovdk ndKaxG;ukdvnf; rmerjuD;
apvdkay/ rmeymlonfrSm pifppftm;jzifh &ifwGif; avmifaomrD;ymk cifcsdKxifrdonf/
]tdk tcspfyGJrSm tonf;aysmhol cHpwrf;aygh? rdndKaxG;wdk htonf;rrm&if cHrSmaygh? 'gayr,fhf
ndKaxG;wdk htonf;u rmvdkufwmrS oHvufcwfeJ hwD;&ifawmif wl&d,moH xGufedkifw,f}
]tvJh w,fpmwJhqkdygvm;? tJav w,fqdkwJh pmygvm;}
cifcsdKwdk hpum;0dkif;onf 1mmvdkvdkeSifh OD;wnfcsufajymif;oGm;avonf/ wpfavwnf; wpfoHwnf;
xGufaeaom 0dkif;wGif eSpfpkuGJoGm;onf/ a0a0? armfarmf? rd0geSifh r0gu wpfzuf? ndKaxG;u wpfzuf
pum;&nfvkyGJjuD; pwifavawmhonf/ jum;aea&;0g'udk vufudkifxm;jyD; 'dkifvljuD;vkyfaeaom cifcsdK
vnf; ymdk1muf pdwfa&mufvdkuf? 'D1mufpdwfa&mufvdkufeSifh olwdk htajymaumif;ovdk pdwfajymif;ae&onf/
]ndKaxG;rmejuD;vGef;w,f} rdu rSwfcsufcsonf/
]rdwkd hu rmeenf;vGef;w,f} ndKaxG;u rajureyf ajymonf/
]ql;usvJzuf zufusvJzuf qkdwmymkd q,fh&Spf&mu pum;? ckacwfymm eSpfq,f&mpk? eSpfq,f&mpk
rdef;uav;awGymm 'Dpum;ajymaejuao;w,fqkdawmh 0rf;enf;zkd haumif;w,f? 'DacwfrSm ql;usdK;&r,f}
]jrwfpGm1mk&m;}
ndKaxG;onf avudk enf;enf;rS ravSsmhacs/ rsufeSmudk armhjyD; eSKwfcrf;udk wif;wif;aph xm;av
onf/
w&m;oljuD; cifcsdKvnf; 1mmudk qHk;jzwf&rnf rodawmhacs/ rdwdk honf ]uGsefrrSm rdef;rom;} yml
tm;EGJ hvGef;onf/ ndKaxG;url ]igymJh rdef;r} ymk rmefjuD;vGef;onf/ rdwdk h u enf;enf;wdk;? ndKaxG;u
enf;enf;avSsmhvSsif taeawmf jzpfrnf xifonf/
xdkae hu pum;&nfvkyGJonf wpfem&Dausmfjumonf xifonf/ pum;&nfvkyGJudk tavmif;tpm;
eSifh tqHk;owfoGm;aomtcg 'dkifvljuD; cifcsKdonf &ifwkefvmojzifh aq;ojum; azsmfaomuf&avonf/
tavsmftpm;tjzpf ausmif;rS atmifjyD; tvkyfvkyfaomtcg vcwpfvcudk owfrSwfonf/ ndKaxG;edkif
vSsif ol&onfh wpfvcudk rdwdk hav;OD;cGJ,l&rnf/ rdwkd hekdifvSsifrl olwkd hwpfvcpD ndKaxG;udk ay;rnf/
10
rpEm
ypfrSwfonfum; ]udk&ifarmif\tonf;}
ypfrnfhjrm;onfum; ]rndKaxG;}
yGJjunfhy&dowfonfum; r0g? rd? a0a0eSifh armfarmfwdk hjzpfonf/
w&m;oljuD;um; cifcsdK jzpfonf/
xkdtajumif;udk rnfolrSs rodap&ef cifcsdKwdk htm;vHk; vufzufpm;jyD; opmjyKcJhju &avonf/
***
11
*sDa[mol
(4)
]trSefawmh 'Dvdktavmif;tpm;qdkwm vkyfudk rvkyfoifh1ml;}
wpfnae cifcsdKwdk hwawG tcef;tjyif1mufwGif zsmcif;xdkif&if; pkrdjuaomtcg rdu aemifw&
ovdk ajymavonf/ avu cyfjurf;jurf; wdkufaeojzifh rd\ qHyifrsm; wjzwfjzwf vGihfaeavonf/
cifcsKdonf 1mmrS jyefrajym1mJ rdudkom cyfai;ai; junfhaerdavonf/ avwGif a0hum 0dkufumeSifh 0Jae
aom rd\qHEG,fav;rsm;rSm junfh aumif;vSonf/ *sDaymmwpfaqmifvHk; cifcsdKwdk htydkifpm;&aom
tay:qHk;xyf taemuf1muf a'gifhonf avtwdkufqHk; xifonf/ aEG rdk; aqmif; Owkra&G; pdrfhat;ae
atmif wdkufcwfavh &Sdonf/
]tdk *Gwfw,fxifvdk h'l;wmyJ}
]tif;aygh 'l;jyD;rSawmh *Gwfom*Gwf}
a0a0eSifh armfarmfonfum; jyHK;&,f&if; oHjydKifajymjuavonf/
]1mmtavmif;tpm;vJ? 1mmvkyfxm;wmvJ}
axG;axG;onf olrodvdkuf&aom udprdk hem;rvnfekdif1mJ ar;onf/ vufzuf opm pl;rnfpkd;aom
ajumifh cifcsdKwkd htm;vHk; eSKwfydwfa&iHk aevdkufju&onf/ axG;axG;vufxJrS pm;vufp qD;,dkxkyfudk
a0a0eSifh armfarmfu wpfa,mufwpfvuf ,lpm;vdkufjuaomtcgwGifum; pum;vrf;ajumif;vnf;
ajymif;oGm;avawmhonf/
]ausmif;zGifhwmawmif rjumao;1ml;? 1mmvdkvdkeJ hpmar;yGJawmif wjznf;jznf; eD;jyD}
]at;uG,f eD;vmjyDaygh}
pmar;yGJajumif;jum;&vSsif cifcsdKwdk htm;vHk; wnfwnfjidrfjidrf jzpfoGm;wwfjuonf/ tjcm;ae&m
rsm;wGif rnfrSsyif aqmhae ajymifaeaomfvnf; pmar;yGJqkdvSsifrl ajumufju&onf/ av;av;pm;pm;
usufrSwfjyD; av;av;pm;pm; ajzju&onfom jzpf\/ odk haomf tif*sifeD,m 1mmom&yftm;vHk;xJwGif
Adokum 1mmom&yfudk oif,laom cifcsdKwdk honfum; wpf1mmomjcm;aeavonf/ olwkd havmuf usufpm
rrsm;ay/ twef;juD;vmaom tcg a&;ajzwpf1mmom eSpf1mmomrSty usufpm r&Sdawmhacs/ taqmuf
tOD;trsdK;rsdK;udkom OD;aeSmufudk jcpfukwfjyD; wpfvwpfjudrf xkwfju&awmhonf/ wpfvwpfjudrf wif&
aom yHkpHrsm;rS trSwfudk OD;pm;ay;jyD; tatmift&SHK; qHk;jzwfavonf/ xkd hajumifh tif*sifeD,mwdk h
tvkyf&SKyfaecsdefwGif Adokumwkd htm;aevSsifaewwfonf/ Adokumrsm; rtdyfraetvkyfrsm;aom tcsdefwGif
vnf; tif*sifeD,m1mmom&yf,lolrsm; at;at;aq;aq; xdkifaeedkifjuonf/ tif*sifeD,m vlrsm;pkjum;xJ
12
rpEm
wGif Adokum vlenf;pkuav;rSmuef hvef huef hvef hjzpfaewwfonf/ cifcsdKwdk hutdrfyHkpH?wkdufyHkpH tao;
av; rsm; aqmifvkyf tvkyf&SKyfaecsdefwGif rdwdk honf *Pef;aygif; aomif;ajcmufaxmifjum;xJwGif
epfjrKyf aeavonf/
]aymm ymdkrSm ajym&if;qdk&if;}
taqmifa1m;rS auG hywfjyD; wufoGm;aom vrf;uav;udk junfh&if; armfarmfu ajymavonf/
wpfa,mufwnf; wpdkufpdkuf avSsmufoGm;aom udk&ifarmifudk awG h&onf/ naeapmif; wGif ausmif;om;
rsm;onf tpkvdkuf at;at;oufom vrf;avSsmufavh &Sdjuonf/ udk&ifarmifonfum; naeig;em&DcGJ
wGif xrif;pm;jyD; wpfOD;wnf; vrf;avSsmufxGufavh&Sdonfudk cifcsdKwkd howdxm;rdonf/
]ajomf crsm oem;p&m? 1mmrS rod&Sm1ml;}
rdonf jyHK;rvdk rJhrvdk rsufeSmuav;eSifh udk&ifarmifudk ai;junfhaeonf/ jzpfcJh&aom tavmif;
tpm; jyemtwGuf tawmfyif pdwfroufrom jzpfaeyHk&onf/
]ndKaxG;u 1mmajymao;vJ}
]tymJ tcsdefwefawmh EGm;ydefuefvdrfhr,fwJh? ckxdawmh 1mmtpDtpOfvkyf&r,fawmif rodao;
1ml;wJh}
]aumif;uGm}
r0gonf cifcsdKa1m;wGif 0ifxkdif&if; &,favonf/ pifppf jyemudk r0gu pcJhjcif; jzpfonf/
a0a0? armfarmfeSifh rdwdk hu ulnDtm;ay;olrsm; jzpfonf/
]jyempol r0g? ajrSmufay;olu a0? armf? rd? juHazmfjuHzuf tm;vHk;teufwGif irdkufom;
&ifarmifav? eifcsnf;yif aoayawmhymk av;ypfrnfholum; rndKaxG;}
armfarmfonf wdk;wdk;av; a&&Gwfaeonf/ a0a0au em;axmif&if; &,faomfvnf; rdonf
r&,fedkif acs/ r0gurl jyHK;pp vkyfaeavonf/
olwdk hwpfawG vkyfcJhjuaom tavmif;tpm;tajumif;udkom rrcif odvSsif rnfuJhodk h aernfudk
cifcsdKawG;aerdonf/ ol'Davmuf qHk;raeonfhjum;xJu 'Dvdk vkyfju&rvm;ymk krqkH;edkifatmif qlawmh
qJawmhrnf jzpfonf/ a0a0wdk h? ndKaxG;wdk hacgif;uav;awGudk AHkpDovdkpDjyD; 'vpyf vdkufacgufvdrfhrnf
xifonf/ 'Dvdkqdkjyefawmhvnf; vufzuf0dkif;wkef;u rrcifom &SdvSsif taumif;om;ymk cifcsdKawmifhw
rdonf/ rrcifom &SdvSsif tavmif;tpm;vnf; jzpfvmedkifrnf rymkwfacs/
tavmif;tpm;r&SdvSsif tavsmftpm;vnf; &Sdrnf rymkwfygacs/
t&SHkK;tedkifvnf; &Sdrnf rymkwfygacs/
cifcsdKuawmh 1m,fol hudkrS redkifapvdkay? tedkif&SdvSsif t&SHK;&Sd&awmhrnfrdk hjzpfonf/ rnfol hudkrSs
r&SHK;apcsifaomajumifh jzpfygonf/
***
13
*sDa[mol
(5)
rpEm
15
*sDa[mol
***
16
rpEm
(6)
'Dae hcifcsdKausmif;rwufjzpfacs/ wufcsifpdwfvnf;r&SdvS/q&mqGJcdkif;xm;aomyHkpHudkqGJ rjyD;ao;
aomajumifhq&meSifhvnf; &ifqdkifcsifpdwfr&Sdacs/ xdk hajumifhtcef;xJwGifwpfreufvHk;atmif;aejyD;ausmif;
ajy;jzpfavonf/ cifcdsKwdk htaqmifeSifh ydokumXmeonf eD;uyfojzifh tcef;tjyif1mufxGufaevSsif
XmerS vSrf;jrifekdifonf/ xkd hajumifh tcef;tjyifudk yif rxGuf&J? taqmifa&S hwGif jzwfoGm;aom q&m
rsm; trSwfwrJh vSrf;jrifoGm;rnfudk ajumufaomajumifh jzpfonf/
odk haomf q,fhwpfem&D xdk;aomtcgwGufum; cifcsdKonf raeomawmhacs/ igh0rf;ylqm raeom
vdk hxGuf&w,fymk nnf;&if; xrif;pm;aqmif1mufokd hcyfvSsdK;vSsdK; xGufvm&onf/ *sDaymmolrsm; 'Dwpfcg
awmh uHqdk;vSonf/ xrif;pm;aqmifeSifh taqmifonf wpfac:omom a0;avonf/ oD;jcm;pD &Sdju
onfrdk hxrif;wpfcg pm;&efta&; usJusJylaom aexJrS jzwfjyD; ig;rdepfomomcef hvrf;avSsmuf
ju&avonf/ aeylonfurSawmfao;onf/rdk;wGif;tcgwGifum;'l;qpfcef hjrKyfaeaoma&xJwGifw0kef;0kef;
eSifh a&ul;usifhjyD;rS xrif;pm;ju&avonf/
]aym; cifcsdK axG;axG;}
pm;aomufqdkifrsm; a1m;rS tjzwfwGif qdkifxJrS ,k,kaqGu vSrf;ac:onf/ ol ha&S hu pm;yGJ
ay:wGif 'HaygufyGJudk jrif&ojzifh cifcsdKwkd hajcvSrf;vnf; xrif;pm;aqmifudk arhjyD; 'HaygufqDodk htvdkvdk
OD;wnfoGm;avonf/
]1mmjzpfvdk hausmif;rwufjuwmvJ? q&mjuD; a':uefaew,f}
]tymkwfvm;}
cifcsdKa&maxG;axG;yg &ifxJwGif 'dkif;ceJckefoGm;juonf/ wpfcgwpf&Hawmhvnf;cifcsdKwkd hpdwfnpf
rdonf/ pmtydk'fwpf&musuf ymkqdkvSsifyif 0D&d,tm;udk;eSifh usufygu jyD;edkifao;onf/ 'DyHkudk 'Dae h
pOf;pm;jyD; tjyD;qGJ&rnfymkqkdygu OD;aeSmufu &TifaevSsif jyD;edkifayonf/ wpfcgwpf&H mPfajcmufcef;
aomtcgrsm;wGif rnfuJhokd haom yHkpHudk xkwfvkyf&rnfudk pOf;pm; r&edkif1mJ wpfaeukef&onf/OD;aeSmuf
xJrS pOf;pm;mPfymlonf jcpfxkwfaumfxkwfvnf; &aumif;onf rymkwfygacs/
]'dk hawG 'DZdkif;rxGufao;vdk h}
]tdk 1mmyHkyJjzpfjzpf awG hu&m qGJjyvdkuf&if jyD;wmyJ}
]'DvdkvJ rjycsif1ml;uG? rif;wdk hjrefrmawG nHhvSacsuvm;vdk hxifoGm;&if tcuf}
17
*sDa[mol
rpEm
19
*sDa[mol
***
20
rpEm
(7)
]rajymcsifawmh1ml;uG,f rajymcsifawmh1ml;}
a0a0onf vufxJrS pmtkyfrsm;udk pm;yGJay: 1mkef;ceJ ypfcsvdkufonf/ rsufeSmav;u &SHK hrJh
aeaomf vnf; rsufvHk;av;rsm;onf ta&mifawmufyjyD; ymufymufyufyuf &,farmaejuymef &Sdonf/
armfarmfurl jyHK;rvdk? &,frvdkeSifh a&wpfcGuf jynfhjynfhcyfjyD; w&Sdef;xdk;aomufavonf/ xkd haemuf ]tymJ
armfarmfwdk hawmh &SHK;rvm; ekdifrvm;rod} ymk ajymonf/
]rndKaxG; wu,fvsifw,f? uHuvnf; ol h1mufvdkufaevm; rod1ml;}
rajymcsifyg1ml;ymk atmfaeaom a0a0onfcifcsdKrar;1mJeSifh tptrStqHk;Zmwfajumif;jyefavonf/
]ae hcif;u a0a0wkd hawG aEG;at;rSm edk hat;oGm;aomufw,f}
aEG;at;onf tyla&m tat;yg&aom pufrSKpm;aomufqdkif jzpfonf/ vufzufokwf? *sif;okwf?
tmvl;okwfyg tpHk&aom aEGat;wGif vlrjywfvSacs/
]ausmif;om;awG ajymjyD; &,faejuw,f? cifcsdKwdk hawG ae hcif;u uJifwif;rsm 1m&kwfvkyfoGm;ju
w,fqdk}
cifcsdKonf roufromeSifh acgif;jidrhfjy&onf/ olwkd htajumif;uvnf; trSefyif &,fp&mrdk h&,f
yGJzGJ haeaom olrsm;tm;vnf; tjypfrwifedkif&Smacs/
]a0a0wdk hvJ tukefjum;ae&wmaygh? cifcsdKwdk hjzpfyHkuvJ &,fp&mjuD;? 'Dae hawmh cifcsdKwdk h wif
1m&kwfjzpfwmrymkwf1ml;? udk&ifarmifuvJ tlwlwl vkyfoGm;ao;w,f}
]ajymygOD;}
a0a0onf pum;qufrajymekdifao;1mJ ol hymmol &,faeonf/ ckwifay:wGif yufvufvSJ
tdyfaeaom armfarmfonfvnf; a0a0hudk junfhum ymufymufyufyuf &,favonf/
]udk&ifarmifeJ hApfwmeJ haygh? 1mmjzpfvmw,f rod1ml;? udk&ifarmifu rsufrSeftxljuD; wyfjyD;
qdkifxJudk apmif;ief; apmif;ief; eJ h0ifvmw,f}
]udk&ifarmifu rsufrSefwyfvdk hvm;}
21
*sDa[mol
rpEm
***
23
*sDa[mol
(8)
]cifcsdKa& x x}
a0a0onf cifcsdK hudk omomav; vSKyfEdSK;onf/ we*FaEGae hrdk hpdwf&Sdvuf&Sd tdyfvdkufrnfymk
pdwful;xm;aom cifcsdKonf rajureyfjzihf vl;vGef h&if; rsufvHk; zGifhvdkuf&onf/
]eSif;awGrS trsm;juD;yJ? tkyfqkdif;aewmyJ? xjunfhprf;yg}
tdyf,mrS rxao;1mJ tjyif1mufodk harSsmfjunfhvdkufonf/ eSif;jrLrsm;onf rdk;aygufuav;rsm;
ozG,f wzGJzGJ usaeonf/ cifcsdKonf xdktcgrS tdyf,mrS vl;vJxjyD; tcef;tjyif1muf xGufvmrdonf/
eHeufajcmufem&Dcef h&SdjyDjzpfaomfvnf; ae0ef;onf vHk;0 rxGufjyLekdifao;acs/ eSif;jzLjzL rsm;u
tkyfqkdif;xm;onf/ taqmifta&S h1muf a1mmvHk;uGif;xJudkyif taotcsm rjrif&/ ]at} taqmifudkrl
a&;a&;av; jrif&avonf/ xrif;pm;aqmifeSifh ausmif; aq;&Hkudkvnf; rawG h&acs/ t&yf&SpfrsufeSm
tukefvHk; eSif;rsm;eSifh rSKefrSdKif;aeonf/
]ym,f aumif;vdkufwm? odyfaumif;wmyJ}
ndKaxG;onf ol htcef;0wGif &yf&if; atmfaeonf/ judk hukef;? tif;pdef1mufwGifvlaetdrfrsm;u jrdK h
xJvdk rxlxyf1mJ usJyg;avonf/ atmufcHodyfonf;rSKenf;ojzifh eSif;jrLrsm;onf odyfodyf onf;onf;
usavh&Sdonf/
]awmpy,fawG oGm;cl;r,f}
ndKaxG;? a0a0eSifh cifcsdKwdk hoHk;OD;om; rsufeSmudk uref;uwef;opfum tajy;xGufvmrdjuonf/
csrf;csrf;pD;pD; eSif;awmxJ wdk;jyD; arT;ysH hysH hpy,fyef;rsm;udk cl;,l&onfrSm aysmfp&m aumif;vSonf/
]aym; 'dk hvJ vdkufr,f}
cifcsdKwdk hudk jrifaomtcg rrcifonf usufvufp pmtkyfudk ypfcsjyD; tajy;tvTm; vdkufvmonf/
*sDaymmaemuf1mufwGif ukef;jrifhuav;eSifh vSdsKrsm; &Sdonf/ xkdukef;jrifhwGif awmpHy,fyifrsm; EG,f,Suf
aygufaejuonfh rSdKif;a0aom eSif;rSHKrsm;eSifhtwl py,fyGifh jzLjzLrsm;onf azG;aeatmif yGifhwwfavonf/
twefi,f vljywfojzifh cifcsdKwdk h eHeufapmapmwGif wpfOD;p? eSpfOD;p roGm;&Jjuay/ vltkyfaumif;vSsif
tzGJ hvdkuf yef;cl;xGufjuonf/
24
rpEm
25
*sDa[mol
26
rpEm
***
27
*sDa[mol
(9)
]ndKaxG;}
toHu cyfwdk;wkd;yif jzpfonf/ odk haomf udk&ifarmif\ toHrSef; cifcsdK rSwfrdojzifh vSnfhjunfh
rdonf/ udk&ifarmifonf cifcsKdwkd hem;odk hoGufoGufavSsmufvmonf/ aumf&pf'gvloGm;vrf;wGifvltoGm;
tvm &SKyfaeojzifh cifcsdKwkd honf a1m;1mufodk huyfjyD; &yfaevdkufjuonf/
]vufudkify0gav; jyefay;rvdk hyg}
tem;a&mufaomtcgrS jyHK; ajymonf/ jyHK;vdkufaomtcg udk&ifarmifhrsufeSmonf eke,foGm;
onf/ cifcsdKwdk hxifoavmuf toufjuD;yHk r&acs/
]tJ'Dae hu uGsefawmfeJ hApfwm aemufajymifjyD; twwfqef; juwm? acG;udkufvdk haowJh romrsm;
ay:&ifawmh 1m,folrS oem;rSm rymkwf1ml;aemf}
tdwfxJrS vufudkify0gav;udkrl w&dkwao xkwfay;onf/ tuste jyefavSsmfjyD; rD;yljyef h jyef h
wdkufxm;ymef &Sdavonf/
]acG;&l;aq; xdk;ao;vm;}
ndKaxG;onf trSwfwrJhyif vufudkify0gav;udk pmtkyfjum; nSyfvdkufjyD; ar;onf/ cifcsdKwkd ha&S h
qufjyD; avSsmufcJhaomtcg udk&ifarmifvnf; vdkufvmonf/
]acG;u taumif;yJAsm? ol hcrsm rsufpdaemufvGef;vdk hudkufwmyg}
udk&ifarmifu roufrom ajymaomtcgwGif cifcsdKa&m ndKaxG;yg tm;rem edkif1mJ jyHK;&,frd
juavonf/ ndKaxG;u &,faomtcg udk&ifarmif\ rsufeSmonf &SufaoG;rTef;ovdk eDoGm;onf/ xkd h
aemufrS vdkufa&mjyD; wymm;ymm; &,fawmhonf/
cifcsdKwdk hausmif;atmuf1mufrS tjzwfwGif armfarmfwdk hudk awG h&onf/ pmtkyfawG wayG h
wydkufeSifh pmtkyfqkdifrS jyefvmjuymef &Sdonf/ pum;ajym&if; avSsmufvmaom cifcsdKwdk h oHk;OD;udk awG h
aomtcg rsufvHk;av;rsm; jyL;oGm;juonf/ udk&ifarmifudk wpfvSnfh? ndKaxG;udk wpfvSnfh rodrom
junfh&if; tuJcwfaejuaom olwdk heSpfOD;udk junfh&if; cifcsdK &,fcsifvmonf/ eSpfOD;om; a&S hquf
ravSsmuf1mJ aemufajumif;jyefjyD; ndKaxG;em; uyfvmavonf/
28
rpEm
]temaysmufjyDvm;}
armfarmfonf tpr&Sd tqHk;r&Sd1mJ jAKef;ceJ ESKwfqufvdkufonf/
]ajomf ymkwfuJ aysmufygjyD}
]1mmaq;xnfhao;vJ}
rSefrSefavSsmufaeaom ndKaxG;eSifh udk&ifarmiftjum;odk ha0a0a&m armfarmfyg uef hvef h uef hvef h
0ifvmjuonf/ ndKaxG;onf rodromav;jyHK; a1m;odk hcsJay;avonf/ tom;vGwfjuD; omoemvdkuf
zsufonfudk ajrGajrGcsif;rdk hajcjrifymef &Sdonf/ ukd&ifarmifurl ol hudk wpfcgrS azmfazmfa&Ga&G eSKwfrquf
zl;aom a0a0wdk hwawG azmfa&GyHkqefk;ae tHhjoaeyHk &onf/
armfarmfeSifh a0a0 atmifjrifaeonfymk qkd&avrvm;awmh rodygacs/ udk&ifarmifeSifh ndKaxG;onf
qufjyD; pum;ajymcGifhr&onfum; trSefyif/ vrf;cGJa&mufjyD; eSKwfqufjuonftxda0a0eSifh armfarmfwkd h
om a&yufr0if pum;ajymjuavonf/
]armfarmfwdk hudk ndKaxG; aus;Zl;wifvdkufwm}
]ymif 1mmjyKvdk hvJ}
]ndKaxG; udk&ifarmifeJ hpum;&Snf&Snf rajymcsifao;1ml;? a0a0wkd ha&mufvmawmh tawmfaygh}
]ymif 1mmjyKvdk h}
]ajomf a0a0&,f? ppfyGJqdkwm trsdK;rsdK; &Sdw,f? xdk;ppf &Sdw,f? cHppf &Sdw,f? qkwfppf &Sdw,f}
ndKaxG;onf udk&ifarmif oleSifh pum;&Snf&Snf ajymcsifonfudk odojzifh rodromav; qkwfvkd
ymef &Sdonf/ wpfzufu qkwfvSsif vl ho1mm0t& wpfzufu wufpjrJyifwnf;/ odk haomf xdk;rnfhqif
aemufodk hwpfvSrf;qkwfavh&Sdonfudk cifcsdKu jrifaeonf/
olwdk huysuf,ysuf vkyfcgrS ndKaxG;u tjudkufusjyD; aus;Zl;wifygonfymk qdkojzifh a0a0wdk h
eSpfOD;om; tawmfyif pdwfysufvufysuf jzpfoGm;juavonf/ olwdk heSpfOD; 0ifa&mjcif;onf ndKaxG;udk
wifay;ovdk jzpfaerSef; ,ckrSyif &dyfrdymef &Sdonf/
]cHayghymm}
armfarmfonf ol hezl;udk ol&dkuf&if; &,favawmhonf/ ol h&,foHu us,fojzifh a1m;rS jzwfoGm;
olrsm;u junfhoGm;aom tcg yg;pyfudk uref;uwef; ydwfvdkufonf/ taqmifwGif aqmhvSaemufvS
aomfvnf; taqmiftjyifa&mufvSsif olawmfaumif; ozG,f ajEq,favh&Sdonf/
]rajymr&SdeJ haymh}
cifcsdKwdk hav;OD;om; a,musfm;av;taqmifem;rS tjzwfwGif taqmifxufrS armif;uGJjuD;
xkovdk toHukefatmfavonf/ rdef;uav;rsm; jzwfvSsif wpfaqmifvHk;ukef? a&csdK;cef;xJrS vlyg rsufeSm
okwf y0gywfjyD; xGufjunfhavh&SdjuonfrSm pufrSK ausmif;om;wdk htusifhjzpfonf/ cifcsdKwdk hausmif;
a&mufpu ]rajymr&SdeJ h} toHjum;vSsif ajcvSrf;trSm;rSm;eSifh acgif;ikH hum tjrefavSsmufwwfjuaomfvnf;
29
*sDa[mol
***
30
rpEm
(10)
*sDa[mol
32
rpEm
***
33
*sDa[mol
(11)
rpEm
35
*sDa[mol
36
rpEm
*sDa[mol
rsufeSmuav;
eDaeaom
armfarmfuvnf;
tawmfyif
***
38
rpEm
(12)
ckwavm ndKaxG;tawmfajcjidrfaeavonf/ ausmif;rSefrSefwufum tcef;atmif;jyD; pmrSefrSef
usufaeonf/ pum;juD; pum;us,fawGudkvnf; olrsm; tjrifuyfatmif rajymonfrSm tawmfjum
acsjyD/
twef; tul;tajymif;wGif udk&ifarmifeSifh rjumcP qHkrdwwfjuonf/ ndKaxG;onf wwfedkifvSsif
rsufeSmcsif;rqdkifrd&ef a&Smifavh&Sdonf/ rwwfom &ifqdkifwdk;vSsif ryGifhwyGifh av; jyHK;um acgif;ikH h
ypfwwfavonf/
]ndKaxG; qkwfppfu w,faumif;ygvm;? udk&ifarmifawmh zef hwief hief hjzpfaejyD}
cifcsdKwdk hvltkyfudkawG hwkdif; ndKaxG;udk rodrom &Smavh&Sdaom udk&ifarmif\ rsufvHk;rsm;udk OD;pGm
owdxm;rdolrSm r0gjzpfonf/ qlnHqlnHeSifh aysmfaysmfyg;yg; aewwfaom ciffcsdKwdk h vlpkxJwGif at;at;
aq;aq;jzpfaeaom ndKaxG;onf wpfrljcm;aeonf/ rSdefrSdefav;eSifh vif;aeaom ju,fav;ozG,f tm&Hk
pll;pdkufpzG,f jzpfaeavonf/
]ndKaxG;udk junfh&wm &ifxJrSm wpfrsdK;yJ? ol hrsufeSmav;ymm wnfvJwnfw,f at;vJ at;w,f
rmefvJ &Sdw,f &TifvJ &Tifw,fAs}
udk&ifarmifu vomaom nwpfnwGif vjynfh0ef;udk junfh&if; ajymonfymk wpfqifhpum;
jum;&onf/ v0ef;wGif ndKaxG;rsufeSmav; xifymyfaejyDvm;ymk cifcsdK awG;rdonf/ av;rypf&ao;1mJ
av;nSdK hwD;cwf&HkeSifh &efolonf tajc,dkifaejyD xif&onf/
wpfnae xrif;pm;tjyD; cifcsdKwdk hvrf;avSsmufxGufaomtcg ndKaxG;vnf;ygvmonf/
jruf&dkif;eDrsm;onfum; wHk;ukefacsjyD/ teDa&mifaysmufum ndKrnf;rnf;eSifh acG,dkifvJaeonf/ onfvdk
qdkjyefawmhvnf; eDeDvGifum vScJhzl;onfymk ,Hkp&myif r&Sdacs/ ]tvStyqdkwm ocFg&ygyJuG,f} ymk
rdonf oHa0*pum; qdkaeavonf/ jruf&dkif;eDrsm;udk awG hwkdif; tajy;cl;avh&Sdaom ndKaxG;onf
ndKazsmhazsmh jzLavsmfavsmf jrufyifrsm;udk ai;junfh&if;rS ajymaeymef &Sdavonf/
ca&vrf;wGif ca&yifrsm;eSifh a&m,Sufaygufaeaom ]tm&ftdkifwD cs,f&D} rsm;onfum;
yifvHk;uGswfyGifhaeonf/ xdkyef;udk rnfuJhodk hac:&rnfymk cifcsdKwdk hwpfa,mufrS aumif;aumif;rodjuacs/
yifvwftrsdK;tpm;jzpfjyD; yef;cdkifyef;yGifhav;rsm;onf yef;a&mifeSifh tjzLa&mum yJyef;eSifh qifqifwlav
onf/ cs,f&Dyef;ozG,f yifvHk;uGswf nGwfaeatmif yGifhwwfaomajumifh cifcsdKwdk htm;vHk; oa1mmwlyif
]tm&ftdkifwD cs,f&D} ymk vG,fvG,fulul ac:vdkufjuavonf/ teH hrarT;onfhtwGuf rufrufarmarm
yefavh r&Sdjuay/ tcdkifvkdufcl;jyD; yef;tdk;xdk;vSsifrl tvGefvSyavonf/ cifcsdKwdk htwGuf yef;tdk;xkd;&ef
yef;r&Sm;vSay/ tm&ftdkifwDcs,f&DwHk;vSsif ikpyfcs,f&D yGifhonf/ xkd haemuf wpfqufwnf; c&rf;a&mif
39
*sDa[mol
rpEm
41
*sDa[mol
***
42
rpEm
(13)
43
*sDa[mol
44
rpEm
45
*sDa[mol
46
rpEm
yif a1mmvHk;udk junfh&if; wcGD;cGD;eSifh usdwf &,faeonf/ cifcsdKuJhodk hyif a1mmvHk;udk ajumufjyD;
vufeSpfzufeSifh acgif;udk tkyfum uGif;xJwGif avSsmufajy;avh&Sdaom ndKaxG;\ t&nftcsif;udk
twGif;od tpif;odrdk hymefymefyefyef uGif;xJ0if&yfaeaomtcg &,fcsifpdwfudk xdef;edkifymef rwlacs/
wpfzuf toif;wGif a0a0? armfarmfeSifh rrcifwdk hygonf/ ndKaxG;1mufwGif r0geSifh rdygavonf/
eSpfoif;pvHk; cifrifolcsnf;rkd hcifcsdKwdk hvnf; eSpfzufvHk;udk tm;ay;ju&rnf jzpfonf/
]ndKaxG;u upm;rvdk hvm;}
]ymkwfuJh}
cifcsdKwdk ha1m;wGif 0if&yfaom udk&ifarmifonf ndKaxG;udk vSrf;ar;onf/ ndKaxG;onf
jyHK;a&miforf;a,mifa,mifeSifh acgif;ndwfjyD; ajEq,faeonf/ jyHK;pyfpyfvkyfaeaom axG;axG;udk
rsufapmif;wpfcsufxkd;um cyfwnfwnfvkyfaeaom ndKaxG;onf ydkjyD; &,fp&m aumif;aeonf/
]cgwdkif; ndKaxG; upm;wm rawG h1ml;}
]1m,fupm;rvJ olu pufrSKuvlawGeJ hvuf&nfwlw,fxifwm rymkwf1ml;? csdKxm;wm? tckrS
ynmawGjyr,fav? apmifhjunfh}
axG;axG;\pum;udk ,Hkovm;? r,Hkovm;awmh rod? udk&ifarmifonf ndKaxG;udk txifwjuD;
vSrf;junfhaomtcgwGif ndKaxG;onf taecufymefeSifh ud,
k fuav; usHK h oGm;&Smonf/
]apmifhjunfh apmifhjunfh}
axG;axG;ajymovdkyif apmifhjunfhaeaom udk&ifarmifonf ndKaxG;\csdKxm;aom ynmrsm;udk
jrif&aomtcg tawmfyif &,fcsifvmymef &Sdavonf/
olwdk hwpfzGJ hvHk;wGif ndKaxG;onf tcsmqHk;rSef;odojzifh awmfaom vleSpfOD;jzpfonfh r0geSifh rdwdk h
jum;xJwGif nSyfjyD; xm;onf/ a1mmfvDa1mmuGif;xJ0ifjyD; a1mmvHk;ajumufaeaom ndKaxG;udk a1m;eSpf
zufrS 0kdif;uljuonf/ ndKaxG;qD a1mmvHk; ta&mufrcH/ olwdk hu 0dkif;ykwfay;onf/ wpfzuftoif;rS
a0a0wdk huvnf; ndKaxG;qDudkrS csdefjyD; ypfwwfjuonf/ ndKaxG; qDvmorSs a1mmvHk;udkvnf; r0geSifh
rdwdk hu tajy;tvTm; 0ifzrf;juonf/ ndKaxG;onf olwdk h0ifvmatmif ymdkwdrf;? onfwdrf;eSifh
qkwfvdkuf? a&Smifvdkuf? vrf;&Sif;ay;avh&Sdonf/ a1mmfvDa1mmuGif;xJwGif a1mmvHk;udk a&Smifajy;aeaom
ndKaxG;\tjzpfudk junfhum y&dowf tm;vHk; tlwufaejuonf/
]ymkd1mufudk a&muf&if ig;jym;ay;r,f}
]judk;pm;uG,f ESro,fav;a&? tpfudku wpfrwfay;r,f}
ndKaxG; qmAifay;&rnfhtvSnfhwGif ausmif;om;rsm;u 0dkif;aemufaejuonf/ XmetwGufrdk h
r&Sufrajumuf vlysufvkyfae&aom ndKaxG;onf rsufeSmuav; eDaeonf/ rsufeSmuav;ysufum
tawmftm;i,faeymef &Sdonf/ ol htjzpfuvnf; wu,fyif &,fp&mrdk htlwufatmif &,faeolrsm;udk
tjypfwifvdkymef r&Sdacs/ ol hymmol vnf; &,fcsifidkcsif jzpfaeymef &Sdonf/
]&SL; wdk;wdk; r&1ml; ajymedkifvm;}
47
*sDa[mol
***
48
rpEm
(14)
49
*sDa[mol
rpEm
hvufzufokwf0,fuGm?
xrif;oHk;xkyfqkd&if
avmufa&maygh?
*sDa[mol
***
52
rpEm
(15)
*sDa[mol
xnfhoGif; ay;wwfjuonf/ cifcsdKwdk htwGuf opfyifrsm;? um;rsm;udk ndKaxG;eSifh a0a0wdk honf 'dkifcHul
jyD; vkyfay;avh&Sdjuonf/
]ndKaxG;u ajymw,f 'Dwpfcg um;a&mif;pm;r,fwJh? wpfum;udk wpfrwfwJh}
wpfvufrvSsif q,fhajcmufayeSKef;eSifh vkyfxm;aom ndKaxG;\puLum;av;rsm;onf vufr
avmufom &Sdavonf/ aemufqHk;ay: rSefum;yHkav;rsm;udk awG;jyD; pdwf&Snfvuf&SnfjyKvkyfumaq;a&mif
awmufawmuf okwfay;avh&Sdaom ndKaxG;\ um;av;rsm;onf cifcsdKwdk h\ taqmuftODi,fav;rsm;
eSifh vdkufzufvSonf/ wpfcgwpf&Hk &dk;yHkpHrsm; jyKvkyf&aomtcg vrf;rjuD;wGif ajy;qGJaom ymD;edk;um;
av;rsm;udkyg pdwfvdkvuf& jyKvkyfay;wwfavonf/
]'Daumif pD;yGm;a&; aomif;usef;w,f? ymdkwpfcgwkef;u opfyifwpfyif q,fjym;ay;&w,f}
]'Dwpfcg pmar;yGJeD;ae&ufeJ hulvkyfay;&wmrdk hwpfrwfwJh? aps;wufoGm;w,f}
]aumif;wmayghymm? acG;rav; ndKaxG;}
cifcsdKonf rausreyfeSifh ajymrdonf/ nKdaxG;ymlonfh ndKaxG;onf ulp&m&SdvSsif rjiD;rjiL
apwem &Sd&SdeSifh ulavh&Sdavonf/ odk haomf wpfcgwpf&H aAGqdk;azmufjyD; apwemudk aiGeSifh wefzdk;jzwfum
vufzufokwf 0,fpm;wwfaom ow0gav;jzpf\/
]cifcsddK xrif;pm;cef;eJ hrD;zdkcef;wGJxm;rSmyJvm;? axG;axG;awmh wjcm;pDxm;wm judkufw,f}
]wjcm;pDxm;wmu tdrfazmfrsm;rsm;?xrif;csufowfowfxm;edkif&ifawmhymkwfwmaygh? tdrf&SifruyJ
csuf&wJh tdrfrSm xrif;pm;cef;eJ hrD;zdka0;ae&if raumif;1ml; xifw,f}
]tif; 'gvJ ymkwfwmyJ}
]aemufjyD; 'dk hjrefrmtdrfawGu ekdifiHjcm;vdk rymkwf1ml;? rD;zdkacsmifrSm pm;yGJ0kdif;av;eJ h pkpm;wwf
juwm? wnif;oD;qm;pdrftdk;utp? iHjym&nf? ig;yd? ig;ajcmuf tqHk; rD;zdkrSm xm;wwfjuwmrdk hrD;zdkvJ
us,fus,fvkdw,f}
]at; ymkwfw,f? rD;zdkrus,f&ifvJ odkavSmifcef;av; &SdygrS? 'grSrymkwf&if wnif;oD; qm;pdrfeH h
ymm tdrfcef;em;txd e,fcsJ hvma&m? tJ'gawGu pm;vdk hom aumif;wm? &SLvdk h awmh w,fraumif;1ml;
aem}
axG;axG;onf awG;awG;qqav;ajymjyD; &,faeavonf/ axG;axG;onf uav;qefvGef;
aomfvnf; wpfcgwpf&HwGifrl twnfayguf awG;wwfavonf/
odk haomf q,fcgwpfcgom twnf
awG;wwfaom axG;axG;udk rnfolurS vljuD;t&m roGif;wwfacs/ ol hqdkvSsif wpfqihfeSdrfhjyD; uav;
ozG,f oa1mmxm;avh&Sdojzifh axG;axG;onf tvGefa'goxGufavh&Sdonf/
]aym; jyD;jyDvm;? jyD;jyDvm; qGJvdk hjyD;jujyDvm;? yHkpHwifzdk hu zifem;uyfaejyDaem}
udkoef;a0onf twef;xJodk htajy;tvTm; 0ifvm&if; ajymonf/ ol hvufxJwGif yHkpHi,fjyKvkyf&ef
aumf1ml;rsm;? puLjym;rsm;udk wayG hwydkufjuD; udkifxm;avonf/ cg;jum;xJwGifrl uwfaju;wpfvufudk
xdk;xm;onf/
54
rpEm
55
*sDa[mol
***
56
rpEm
(16)
]zefvmi,fa&;i,f? ajomf zefvmi,fa&;? at; - aym; i,f - tdk - ymdk - ymdk &,fvJ&,fcsif idkvJ
idkcsifw,f}
a0a0onf ol hvufxJrS yef;a&mifpm&GufeSifh pm&GuftjzLuav;udk ,SOfvsuf axmifjy&if;
aygufu& atmfaeavonf/ ol ha1m;wGif armfarmfonf jyHK;pyfpyfuav; xdkifaeonf/
ol hjunfh&onfrSm tawmf&,fcsifaeymef &Sdonf/
]1mmjzpfvdk hvJ a0a0}
]ajym rajymcsifawmh1ml;? rajymcsifawmhyg1ml; yml; yml; yml;}
a0a0onf pdwfysufvufysuf atmfavonf/ armfarmfurl 1mmrSrajym1mJ a0a0hvufxJrS pm&Guf
eSpf&Gufudk qGJ,ljyD; cifcdsK hqDodk hurf;ay;onf/
]cspf&vGef;aom a0wJh? tymrf; - 1m,fol hqDuvJ rda0}
]'o*D&dqDu - tJ'g xm;ygOD;? ymdkpmzwfygOD;}
a0a0onf tdyf,may:wGif yufvuf vSJae&if; 1mdef;pm;oHav;eSifh ajymavonf/ odk h ajumifh
cifcsdKvnf; pm&GufjzLav;udk zGifhzwfjzpfonf/
]orD;av;a0a0wJh? ymm rda0 eifhtarqDu pm 1mmvkyfzkd hwHk;}
]qufzwfygOD;av}
]orD;av; aeaumif;vdrfhrnfymk xifygonf/ pmar;yGJeD; pmjudk;pm;ae&ojzifh yifyef;aevdrfhrnf
xifygonf/ arar vljuHkeSifh tm;aq;rsm; ay;ydk hvdkufygonf/ arar azmfay;vdkufaom aoG;aq;udkvnf;
rSefrSefaomufyg}
]ymm eifhymmawGuvJ 1mmrS pdwf0ifpm;p&m ryg? aymm - aymm - awG hjyD}
ymdkwpfae hu ararh oli,fcsif; r&ifjreJ hawG hygonf/ om;ajumif; orD;ajumif; ajymju&if; ol h
om;vnf; orD;wdk hausmif;rSm &Sdonfymk od&onf/ orD;eSifh wpfeSpfwnf; a&mufonfymk ajymygonf/
armif&ifarmif t&yfjrifhjrifh ymk ajymygonf/
]tvJh - igwdk hudk&ifarmifayghaemf}
57
*sDa[mol
]ararwdk holi,fcsif; tcsif;csif; uGJoGm;juwm tawmfjumjyD; ckrS jyefawG hjcif; jzpfonf/ aemif
aqGrsdK;awmfju&ef orD;eSifh om;udk ae&mcsay;&&if raumif;vm;ymk r&ifjru ajymaeygao;onf/
]ym,f - ym,f - ym,f}
cifcsdKonf pmudk qufrzwfjzpfawmh1mJ vufxJrS pm&GufvGwfusoGm;ygonf/ yg;pyftaymmif;om;
jzpfoGm;aom cifcsdK hudk a0a0onf &,fcsifidkcsif rsufeSmxm;uav;eSifh ajumifai;ai; jyefjunfhae
avonf/
]ym,f juHkrS juHkwwfw,f}
]at;uG,f juHk&w,f}
ar;udk vufeSifh pHk axmufum jyHK;rJhrJh jzpfaeaom armfarmfonf cyfnnf;nnf;av; ajymonf/
a0a0u 1mmrajym nmrajymeSifh ymufymufyufyuf x&,faomtcgwGifum; cifcsdKa&m armfarmfyg
&,fjzpfjuavonf/ udk&ifarmifwpfa,mufawmh rsufcHk;vSKyfa&mhrnf xifonf/
]a0a0 1m,fvdk oa1mm&wHk;}
]1mmudkvJ}
]udk&ifarmifh udpudkav}
tymuf a0a0awmh udk,fhvcav; wpfvcjyKwfatmif udk,fhymmukd,f tm;judk;rmefwuf judk;pm;
&OD;rSmaygh}
]1m,f vdk}
]udk&ifarmif ndKaxG;udk judkufw,fvdk haocsm&if a0a0wkd h&SHK;r,f rymkwfvm;? t&ifwkef;uawmh
&SHkK;rSm ajumufvdk h&efuem;awmif vkyfcJh&ao;w,f? ckawmh &SHK;atmif vdk hudk judk;pm;&OD;r,f}
]qkdygawmh &SHK;awmh 1mmvkyfrvJ}
]&SHK;awmh tarhudk ajym&rSmaygh? yma&; trm; - &ifarmifaemf raumif;1ml; &Sdw,f? olav trm;
orD;udk rjudkuf1ml;? ndKaxG;vdk hac:w,faemf? t*FgorD;udk judkufw,f? trm;orD;eJ h ay;pm;vdk haemf?
trsm;juD; 'Gwfca&mufr,fvdk hajym&rSmaygh}
&efuem;aveSifhajym&if; a0a0onf &,faeavonf/ cspfa&;judkufa&; tdrfaxmifa&;udk
vHk;0rpOf;pm;ao;aom a0a0onf udk&ifarmifeSifh ndKaxG; eD;pyf&ef tm;oGefcGefpdkuf judk;yrf;awmhrnf
xifonf/ tlvnfcsmvnf vdkufaeaom jyemxJwGif w&m;oljuD; cifcsdKwpfa,mufawmh *Gsrf;om
vSdrfhjyD; xkd;csifpdwf aygufvmonf/
]1m,fymkwfrvJ rda0a0? &SHK;&if eifwpfa,mufwnf; rymkwf1ml;? igwkd hyg &SHK;rSm? udk&ifarmifeJ hae&m
csrSm eifom oa1mmwlvdkuf&if igwdk htukefedkifa&m}
]tvkdav; - av; - rvkyfvdkufygeJ h}
58
rpEm
*sDa[mol
***
60
rpEm
(17)
*sDa[mol
rpEm
]judkufwmcsnf;ygyJ}
]uHhaumfa&m}
]judkufwmaygh}
]uGsefawmfwdk htaqmifem;u uHhaumfawG zl;ukefjyD}
uHhaumfyifrsm;onf pufrSKwuodkvf0if;xJwGif tawmfrsm;rsm; &Sdaomfvnf; rdef;uav;taqmif
em;wGif r&Sd1mJ a,musfm;av;aqmif1mufwGif jzpfonf/ cifcsdKwdk h rdef;uav;rsm;onf a,musfm;av;
aqmifa&S hu uHhaumfyifudk oGm;cl;&Javmufatmifum; owdraumif;vSay/ reuftapmjuD; ausmif;om;
rsm; redk;rD wdwfwdwfuav; oGm;cl;&ef juHpnfjuao;onf/ armifrif;juD;om; ausmif;om;rsm;onf
nuwnf; u tzl;juD;juD;rsm;udk cl;jyD; a&pdrfxm;juonfymk qdkonf/ uHhaumfonf tyifay:wGifyif
wpfyGifhrS ryGifhju&&Smay/ zefcGufxJwGif yGifhaom yef;av;rsm;onf cifrif&m cifrifajumif; eD;pyf&m
ausmif;olrsm;xHodk ha&mufvmwwfonf/ tyifay:wGif tyGifh&SdrnfrymkwfavonfhtwGuf reuftapm
juD; vlredk;rD yef;cl;&ef juHaom cifcsdKwdk h vnf; tjuHudk vufavSsmhvdkufju&avonf/
udk&ifarmifuawmh ndKaxG;udk yef;judkufovm;ymk ar;aeayjyD/ taqmifapmifhjuD;rSwqifh
uHhaumfyef;av;rsm; a&mufvmvSsif cifcsdKwdk huyfyef&OD;rnf xifonf/ a0a0onf cifcsdK h udk tomvuf
ukwfjyD; rsufpdwpfzuf rSdwfum vufraxmifjyavonf/
]q&mwkd ha& a0 aym aym}
]q&mwkd ha& a0 aym aym}
]'dk hwawG pmjudk;pm; zsm;juyg&J hAsm;}
]0g;}
]'dk hwawG *&dwf0rf; ray;ygeJ hvm;}
]0g;}
ausmif;om;wpfodkufonf atmf&if;ympf&if; oHcsyfxdk;um xGufvmjuonf/ jyHK;oljyHK; rJholrJh
&,fol&,f rSdKifolrSdKifeSifh qlnHaejuonf/
]aym; um;acsmifw,f wufju wufju}
eHygwf&Spfum;wpfpD; xdk;tqdkufwGif cifcsdKwdk htm;vHk; wdk;a0S hwufcJhjuonf/ um;wpfpD;vHk;
ausmif;olausmif;om;rsm;om jzpfaeordk hqlnHaeonf/ vrf;rawmftxd c&D;&Snf pD;&rnfjzpfojzifh
cifcsdKwdk honf um;a&S hydkif;txd wkd;vmcJhjuonf/
]azudk,fjuHwm rajyvnfvm;}
,SOfvsuf &yfaeaom udk&ifarmifeSihf ndKaxG;udk ar;aighjy&if; a0a0u jyHK;pyfpyfeSifh ajymonf/
wwfvnf; wwfedkifaom uav;rav; jzpfonf/
63
*sDa[mol
***
64
rpEm
(18)
]odyf&,fp&maumif;wmyJ cifcdsKa&? ymm; ymm; vmjunfh vmjunfh}
axG;axG;onf tcef;a&S haumf&pf'gvloGm;vrf;wGif xdkifae&if; cifcsdK hudk cyftkyftkyf vSrf;ac:
onf/
]aymm'DrSm aymm'DrSm? tkef;yifatmufudk apmif;juD;ydkufvdk h0ifajy;w,f}
aEGausmif;tm;&ufrsm;wGif ausmif;om;rsm;onf n1mufusvSsif rdef;uav;taqmifrsm; 1mufodk h
vm&if; oDcsif;qdkavh&Sdonf/ udktHhjuD; oDcsif;at;at;av;rsm;udk r,f'vifeSifh omomav;wD;cwf
wwfol &Sdovdk *DwmeSifh 1mDwJvf oDcsif;qdkolrsm;vnf; &Sdonf/ attaqmifrS yavGoHurl pdwfonf
avxJwGif vGifhajrmoGm;avmufatmifyif om,mvSonf/ tzGJ haygif;pHkwGif apmif;juD;ydkufjyD; pnf;eSifh
*syfudkifumvmaom oDcsif;juD;tzGJ hrsm;vnf; ygonf/ taqmifa&S hwGif wifyvif acGxdkifum
apmif;juD;udkd nif;ajymif;pGm wD;cwf&if; *Dwpsmef0ifaepOf um;jzwfoGm;jyD; um;rD;xdk;aom
tcgrsm;wGifum; xajy;wwfjuonf/ rnfol rnfrSs ajumif&Jonf qdkqdk rdef;uav;taqmifa&S hwGif
apmif;juD;ydkufvsufom; ikwfwkwfjuD; um;rD;txdk;awmh rcH0Hhju&Smay/ ,ckvnf; tkef;yifaemufodk h
0ifajy;aom ausmif;om;wpfOD;udk junfh&if; axG;axG;onf tm;rem yg;rem wcGD;cGD;eSifh &,faeonf/
um;jzwfoGm;jyD; twefjumrS tkef;yifaemufrS olonf cyfukef;ukef;av; jyefxGufvmonf/
&,foHusdwfusdwf xGufaeaom rdef;uav;aqmifa&S hwGif jumjumrae&JawmhymefeSifh oDcsif;wpfyk'f qdkjyD;
aomtcg xjyefoGm;avonf/
]tkdufvkdufwm? tcef;xJrSm tdyf&wm ylavSmifaewmyJ}
a0a0eSihfarmfarmfonf zsmwpfcsyfudk qGJ&if; tcef;tjyifxGufvmjuonf/ vloGm;vrf;rD;u
vif;aeojzifh wdwfwdwfuav; oGm;jyD; ydwfvdkufjuonf/ rD;a&mifrsm; avsmhoGm;aomtcgrS avuvnf;
at;vmovdk ttdkufoufomvmavonf/ odk h&mwGif vloGm;vrf;rD;udk ydwfxm;ajumif; taqmifrSL;
odvSsif tqlcH&rnf jzpfonf/ taqmifaumf&pf'garSmifaejcif;udk q&mrrsm;u rjudkufay/ tcef;xJwGif
tdkufojzifh tjyifxGuftdyfaom cifcsdKwdk huvnf; rD;a&mifatmufwGif rtdyfcsifjuay/ vpfvSsif vpfovdk
vloGm;vrf;rD;udk cdk;jyD; ydwfxm;wwfjuonf/
]aym; z&JoD;pm;rvm;}
]ymm pm;rSmaygh? odyfpm;rSmaygh}
raxG;jrifhonf ol htcef;xJrS z&JoD;wpfvHk;rjyD; xGufvmonf/ ajrvwfydkif;wGifaeaom
raxG;jrifhwdk ht&yfwGif tvGef z&JoD;aygavonf/ aEG;OD;tp z&JoD;ay:csdefwGif raxG;jrifh tdrfjyefygu
65
*sDa[mol
rpEm
67
*sDa[mol
68
rpEm
*sDa[mol
70
rpEm
***
71
*sDa[mol
(19)
1mef'g&GufeDeDrsm;onf avta0S hwGif a0h0Jum ajuGvGihfoGm;juonf/ taqmif0u 1mef'gyif
eSpfyifonf oHk;av;eSpftwGif; jrifhrm;um xGm;wufvmonf/
]ysif;vdkufwm]
ndKaxG;onf avwGif0Jaeaom 1mef'g&GufeDeDudk ai;junfhae&if; jiD;avonf/ aEG&moD
ausmif;ydwf&ufrdk h*sDaymmwpfaqmifvHk; wdwfqdwfaeonf/ &Sdaom ausmif;ol tenf;i,fuvnf;
&uftm;rkd hXmejyefaejuonf/ 1mGJ h,lppfwrf;jyKpkae&aom aemufqHk;eSpfausmif;olrsm;om&Sdaom taqmif
onf jidrfjyD; wdwfaeonf/ cgwdkif;ysif;vSsif jrdK hxJ xGufjyD; vnfedkifaomfvnf; ,cktcgwGifum;
a&ajumufojzifh rxGuf&Jjuacs/ ajomf 1mmvdkvdkeSifh twmul;aom wef;cl;vodk hyif a&mufvmjyD rymkwf
ygvm;/
]eSpfopfeJ hojuFefusav?
tjypfjzpfr,fh twGif;&ef1m,awG
aoGajumif;eJ ha&avmif;um axGaxG
awmif;qkacGs}
ndKaxG;onf wdk;wdk;av; qdkaeonf/ tif;pdefvrf;r1mufrS a&upm;oHonf wpfcgwpf&H taqmif
1mufodk hvGifhysH hvmavonf/
cifcdsKwdk htaqmif1mufwGifrlojuFefusaeonfeSifhyifrwl/ajcmufaoG hwdwfqdwfaeonf/ rrcifeSifh
r0gwkd hwawGurl *sifrDwdk hvlodkufeSifhtwl um;rSmjyD; a&upm;xGufjuonf/ a&ajumufaom cifcsdKeSifh
ndKaxG;eSpfOD;om taqmifwGif ukwfjyD; usef&pfcJhjuavonf/ tv,fxyfrS 0if;0if;wdk hurl ojuFefxrif;
csufjyD; ig;ajcmufajumf&ef pDrHaejuavonf/
cifcsdKeSifhndKaxG;url ysif;ysif;&SdonfeSihf 1mef'gyif&dyfu cHkwef;av;wGif qif;xdkifaerdjuonf/
1mef'g&GufajuGrsm;udk wpf&GufjyD; wpf&Guf a&wGufaerdonf/ rmvumyifrS toD; oGm;&Smao;onf/
tuspfrsm;om &Sd\/ yGyGqdkvSsif wpfvHk;rSs rusefacs/
]aym; ydawmufyifjuD;a& yGifhawmh yGifhawmh jrefjref yGifhawmh}
taqmift0if0wGif vufcsif;,Sufum udkif;nGwfaeymef &Sdaom ydawmufyifeSpfyifwGif vnf;
tzl;rsm; pD&&Dzl;aejyD jzpfonf/ 'DeSpfrS pzl;aom tyifrdk hcifcsdKwdk htm;vHk; yGifhrnfh&ufudk warmharmheSifh
72
rpEm
*sDa[mol
rpEm
***
75
*sDa[mol
(20)
76
rpEm
*sDa[mol
rpEm
79
*sDa[mol
***
80
rpEm
(21)
]cifcsdKa& xGufprf; xGufprf; xGufjunfhprf; udk&ifarmif vmaejyD}
r0gonf cifcsdK hudk toHtkyftkyfeSifh vSrf;ac:onf/ udk&ifarmifymlaom toHudk jum;&aomtcg
cifcsdK h&ifxJwGif xdwfceJ jzpfoGm;onf/ usm;eSifhqif v,fjyifrSm awG hju awmhrnfymkawmh rajymvdkyg/
ndKaxG;onf usm;rymkwfovdk udk&ifarmifonfvnf; qifrymkwfygacs/ El;nHhaom eSvHk;om;udk
ydkifqkdifjuonfh vlom;pifppfrsm;om jzpfjuygonf/ eSvHk;om;ekekrsm; ryGef;r&SapcsifaompdwfeSifh cifcsdK h
&ifxJwGif cJqGJxm;ovdk av;av;vHvHjuD; jzpfaeonf/ ndKaxG;onf udk&ifarmifudk *sDaymma1m;u
{nfhcef;aqmifwGif qif;awG havonf/ {nfhcef;aqmifqkdum; txifrjuD;apvdkyg/ trdk;om&Sd tum
r&Sdaom taqmuftOD;jzpfygonf/ aiGrwwfedkifao; tumrumedkif ao;ymk qdkygonf/ trdk;onf
av;1mufapmif;tv,fwGif pkcGsefaom Z&yfvdkyHkjzpf *sDaymmZ&yfymk tac:rsm;juavonf/ pum;ajym
aejuaom ndKaxG;wdk hudk jrifekdifonfjzpf rodrom tuJcwfvdkjuaomfvnf; cifcsdKwdk honf r0Hhr&J
jzpfaejuonf/ tcef;a&S hwGifom pkxdkif xdkif&if; 1mk&m;waerdjuavonf/
]ndKaxG;udk junfh&wm udk&ifarmifhudk oem;ovdkyJ? oHa,mZOfvJ jzpfvmyHk&ygw,f}
]'gayr,fh oluawmh rjudkuf1ml;vdk hajymrSmyJ}
]r0gonf rsufarSmifcsD&if; a1mmvHk;uGif;xJrS jrufyifajcmufajcmufrsm;udk ai;junfhaeonf/
ndKrnf;ajcmufaoG haeaom jrufyifrsm;jum;0,f xdu&kef;yGifh yef;a&mifav;rsm;udk uGufjum; awG h&onf/
]ol hjunfh&wm ndKaxG;udkwu,fcspfyHk&ygw,f? r0gt&ifuol hudk odyfrkef;wm? tckawmh wu,f
pdwfraumif;1ml;}
]jyemqdkwm puwnf;u pOf;pm;juzkd haumif;w,f}
rdurl w&m;&oHav;eSifh nnf;&Smonf/ cifcsKd 1mmrSrajymrd? 1mmrSvnf; rajymcsif? Wwfedkif
vSsifawmh tavmif;tpm; pjzpfcJhjuaom ae hudk jyefjyD; a&mufcsifonf/ xkdae hxdktcsdefudkom jyefa&mufcJh
vSsif xdkuJhodk htavmif;tpm;rsdK;jzpfrvmatmif judkwifjyD; wm;qD;edkifvdrfhrnfymk arSsmfvifhrdaomajumifh
jzpfygonf/
]udk&ifarmifudk awG hawmh wif;xm;wJh nKdaxG;&J hpdwfawGymm u&kPmzHk;jyD; acgif;ndwfvufcHcsif
vufcHvdkufrSmyg? junfhaeudk&ifarmifjuD; jyHK;jyD; jyefoGm;rSm}
a0a0onf oljzpfapcsifovdk pdwful;,OfjyD; wrf;wrf;ww ajymaeonf/ a0a0eSifh armfarmfwdk h\
&,fusJusJ rsufeSmav;rsm;yif xl;xl;jcm;jcm; wnfjidrfaeonf/ pdwfraumif;jzpfovdk nSdK;aejuonf/
ylajcmufajcmuf avrsm;onf a0hum0JumeSifh wdkufcwfaeonf/ cifcsdK h&ifxJwGif wif;usyfjyD; touf&SL
81
*sDa[mol
82
rpEm
***
83
*sDa[mol
(22)
vufzufpm;jyD; opmjyKcJhjuaomajumifh r0gu pcJhaom jyem tavmif;tpm;onf wdwfwdwf
uav;eSifh jyD;qHk;oGm;cJhavonf/ vufzufopmpl;rnfudkum; tm;vHk; ajumufjuavonf/ xdk hajumifh
vnf; vHk;0raygufrjum; ydyd&d&d &SdcJhjcif; jzpfymefwlonf/
ndKaxG;onfum; wpfOD;wnf; taersm;avonf/ wpfcgwpf&H cifcsdKwdk heSifhtwl &,farmaysmf&Tif
aeymef &Sdaomfvnf; ol hrsufvHk;ndKav;rsm;onf &Da0a0jzpfaewwfonf/ &,fae&if;rS wpfpHkwpfckudk
ai;junfh&if; idkifawGawGav; jzpfoGm;wwfojzifh cifcsdK yifhouf &SdKuf&wwfonf/
]rdwdk hawG tedkifr,leJ hqdk&if r,lyg1ml;? 'Dtajumif;udk arhypfvdkufqdk&ifvJ arhyghr,f? ndKaxG;udk
'Dvdkjzpfaewmawmh rjunfh&uf1ml;? ol hrmeu ol hudkeSdyfpufaewmqdkawmh rdwdk h vJ 1mmrS rwwfedkif1ml;}
rdonf wkefcwfaom toHav;eSifh ajym&Smonf/ ndKaxG;url cifcsdKwdk htm;vHk; ol hudk tuJcwfae
juonfudk taotcsm *&krlrdymef rwlacs/ nSdK;vsaom ol hymefukdrl wpfcgwpf&H ol hymmol owdxm;rd
ymefeSifh judk;pm;jyD; &,favh&Sdavonf/
'kwd,eSpf0uf ausmif;jyefzGifhjyD; wpfausmif;vHk; pnfpnfum;um;eSifh vloHoloH qlnHvm
jyefjyDjzpfonf/
ausmif;olausmif;om;rsm;\
&,farmaysmf&TifoHeSifhtwl
avoHrdk;oHuvnf;
*sdK;*sdrf;
nHvmavonf/ ajomf 1mmvdkvdkeSifh wpfaEGukefum wpfrdk;qef;jyefjyD jzpfonf/ cifcsdKwdk hpkaeus
tcef;tjyif1muf vloGm;vrf;uav;wGifvnf; rdk;a&&TJ&TJpdkaewwfojzifh tcef;atmif;um vlodyfrpkrd
juawmhacs/
]cifcsdK&,f wu,fhwu,fawmh ndKaxG; oufoufqkd;wmyg/ 'Dvdk tavmif;tpm;qdkwm vkyfudk
rvkyfoifh1ml;aemf? 'gayr,fh avmif;jyefjyDqkdawmhvJ ndKaxG; ravSsmhcsif1ml;}
rdk;oJoJ&Gmaom ae hwpfae hwGif ndKaxG;onf cifcsdK htdyf&mxJwGif twlvmtdyf&mrS cyfwdk;wdk;
ajymavonf/ naeapmif;yif jzpfaomfvnf; rdk;u oJoJrJrJ &Gmaeojzifh wpfrdk;vHk;arSmifrnf;aeonf/
vSsyfyef;vSsyfEG,frsm;u jydK;jyufvufaeonf/ cifcsdKwdk honfrdk;a&xJwGif a&ul;rxGufcsifojzifh xrif;pm;
aqmifodk hyif xrif;pm; roGm;juawmhacs/
]ol hudk vufrcHedkif1ml;vdk hajymvdkufawmh ol hrsufeSmudk jzLazsmhoGm;wmyJ? ndKaxG;udk ai;junfh
aejyD;rS acgif;iHk hvdkufw,f? ol hudk 1mmjzpfvdk hvufrcHedkifwmvJwJh? ndKaxG; rjudkufwJh tjyKtrl &Sd&ifvJ
ajymygwJh cifcsdK&,f? ndKaxG; 1mmajym&rvJ}
]ndKaxG; 1mmjyefajymvdkufvJ}
84
rpEm
85
*sDa[mol
86
rpEm
87
*sDa[mol
a&Tpifaomfarmf? uopfaysmfvnf;
oHausmfOjo? aw;oDajymvnf;
pdwfarmAsma0? aomuayGonf
'dk hawG cGJcGm&OD;rnf/ /
***
88
rpEm
(23)
]cGJ&rSmyJ? wpfae hawmh tm;vHk; cGJju&rSmyJ? arG;vmuwnf;u wpfa,mufwnf; arG;vm&wm?
rjyefvrf;udkawmif avSsmufjyD; tjyD;tydkif cGJju&rSm}
rrcifonf w&m;oHygygeSifh ajymonf/ cgwdkif;naecif;vrf;avSsmufvSsif &Tifaysmf oGufvufjyD;
&,fp&mrsm; ajymumavSsmufavh&Sdaom cifcsdKwdk hvlpkonf ckwpfcgawmh r&,fedkif? raysmfedkif ajcvSrf;av;
aejuonf/ cGJju? cGmju? auGuGif;ju&rnfudk taotcsm odaeaomfvnf; pdwfxJwGif vufrcHcsifjuay/
]cspfcifaygif;oif; qufqHjcif;um;? auGuGif;aemufqHk; &Sdacs\ wJh}
rdonf vrf;a1m;acsmufxJrS ajruyfyef;0g0gav;rsm;udk qif;cl;&if; ajymonf/ rkd;jzKdifjzdKif usvSsif
rdk;a&eSifhtwl 0g0if;aeatmif yGifhvef;vmwwfjuaom yef;av;rsm;onf cspfpzG,faumif;vSonf/ rdk;zGJzGJ
wGifvnf; yGifhonf/ rdk;oJoJwGifvnf; vef;onf/ aeylvSsifvnf; rnSdK;acs/ 1m0eSifhcsDjyD; juD;juD;
us,fus,f ajym&vSsif avmu"H\ txktaxmif;udk tawmfcHedkifonfymk ajym&rnfxifonf/
]eSpfywfvnf xrif;pm;yGJus&if 'dk hawG tpDtpOfwpfckavmufvkyfzdk haumif;w,f}
]1mmtpDtpOfvJ}
]a':&oDu ajymw,f? 'dk h*sDaymmolawGymm ausmif;om;awGeSdrforSs tjrJcHae&wmwJh? ausmif;u
rxGufcif trSwfw& wpfckck jyefaqmfoGm;csifw,fwJh}
ausmif;oufwpfeSpfukefjyD; 'kwd,eSpf0uf pm;ar;yGJppfcgeD;wGif taqmifae ausmif;ol ausmif;om;
rsm;udk txl;tpDtpOfeSifh auGs;arG;jyD; eSKwfqufyGJvkyfwwfonfum; eSpfpOfyif/ pm;aomufjyD;juaomtcg
tekynm toif;eSifh 0goem&Sifrsm;u tutckefrsm;eSifh ajzazsmfjuavonf/
]1mmtpDtpOfvkyf&rvJ? u& ckef&atmifuvJ 'dk hawGtxJrSm csdKrdkifrdkifawmif rSefatmif uwwf
ju&J hvm; rod}
]jyZmwfqkd&ifaum}
]1mmZmwfvrf;udk ujurSmvJ}
cifcsdKwdk hat;at;oufom pum;ajym&if; avSsmufvmcsdefwGif ta&S h1mufrS ausmif;om;wpfpk
avSsmufvmonfudk owdjyKrdonf/ rsufrSefjuD;w0if;0if;eSifh Apfwmudk jzwfceJ awG hvdkuf olwdk hvlpkxJ
wGif udk&ifarmifvnf; ygvmvdrfhrnf xifonf/ ndKaxG;u 1m,fvdkaernfrod/ cifcsdKyif &ifckefcsifonf/
]AsdK; rrcif? cifAsm;wkd h*sDaymmu eSpfvnfxrif;pm;yGJus&if Zmwfpifay:wufjurvdk hqdk}
89
*sDa[mol
90
rpEm
91
*sDa[mol
***
92
rpEm
(24)
93
*sDa[mol
rpEm
95
*sDa[mol
96
rpEm
***
97
*sDa[mol
(25)
]cifcsdKa&r0gav pma&;ysif;vSwJhjum;xJu yxrqHk;a&;wJh pmyg? cifcsdKwdk hppfwrf;a&m wif&cgeD;a&maygh?
opfyifav;awG um;av;awG ulvkyfray;edkifwm pdwfraumif;1ml;uGm? r0g 'DrSmawmh tm;aejyD?
tdrfrSmqdkawmh twdk;cs Zdrfusaewmaygh? pm;jyD; tdyf tdyfjyD; pm;? pmar;yGJatmifpm&if;awGvJ cifcsdKwdk h
ppfwrf; wifjyD; av;ig;&ufae&if xGufrSmqdk}
,laom 1mmomwGJjcif; rwlovdk? cifcsdKwdk holi,fcsif;wpfpk pmar;yGJjyD;aomtcsdefonfvnf;
rwljuay/ r0g? a0a0eSifh armfarmfwdk honf tapmqHk; jyD;oGm;juonf/ cifcsdKwdk hwawGxuf eSpfywfcef h
apmjyD; tdrfjyefoGm;juonf/ r0gwdk hpnf;pdrfjuD;aeaom tcsdefwGif cifcsdKwdk haxG;axG;wdk hrtdyfrae
judk;pm;aewkef; jzpfonf/ tpm;ysuf ttdyfysuf yifyef;aeonfhjum;xJrS r0g\ pmuav;udk zwf&
onfrSm vlygtem;a&mufvmjyD; pum;ajymaeovdk &ifxJwGif aEG;oGm;onf/
xdkae hnwGif cifcsdKonf yHkqGJae&if; vufay:acgif;pdkufum vpfceJ tdyfaysmfoGm;onf/
cPuav; tdyfaysmfoGm;onfhtxJwGiftdyfrufrufaeao;onf/ tdyfrufxJwGif r0gvnf; ygonf/
a0a0vnf; ygonf/ ndKaxG;vnf; ygonf/ udk&ifarmif wpf,mufvnf; cifcsdK htdyfrufxJodk h
a&mufvmao;onf/ ndKaxG;eSifh udk&ifarmifwkd hjyHK;&TifpGm pum;ajymaejuonfudk junfh&if; a0a0onf
0rf;omtm;& jzpfaeavonf/ udk&ifarmif\ tareSifh a0a0\tarwdk hwkwfjuD;rsm; udkifum a&mufvm
aomtcg cifcsdKwdk htm;vHk; xajy;juonf/ tl,m;zm;,m; ajy;ae&mrS a0a0\ junfvifaom &,foH
uav;udk jum;&ao;onf/ cifcsdKurl ajy;vdkufonfrSm w&Sdefxdk;jzpfonf/ aemufudkyif vSnfh
rjunfhtm;/ ajy;&if;vTm;&if; acsmufxJvdrfhusaomtcgrS at;ceJ jzpfjyD; edk;vmonf/ ekd;vmjyD;aomtcg
wGifyif wu,f ajy;vTm;xm;&ovdk armaeao;onf/
]axG;axG;wdk hawG ausmif;udk ywfjyD; eSKwfqufju&atmif}
ppfwrf;wifjyD; aemufwpfae heHeufapmapmwGif axG;axG;u tazmfpyfojzifh cifcsdKwdk honf
ausmif;udk wpfywfywfjyD; avSsmufvmcJhjuonf/ ae hv,fcif;wGif tdrfjyef&ef tm;vHk; odrf;qnf;
jyifqifxm;jyD; jzpfonf/ wu,fcGJju&awmhrnf qkdawmhvnf; oufrJhausmif;juD;udkyif rcGJcsif? rcGmcsif?
oHa,mZOf trSsifwef; rdavonf/
]ajcmufeSpfqdkwJhtcsdefymm 1mmrSrjum1ml;? ukefoGm;vdkufwmaemf? junfhprf; cifcsdK? axG;axG;wdk h
ausmif;a&mufpu ajrrSm yk0yfaewJh ca&yifav;awG? junfhygOD; jrifhvSjyDaemf? axG;axG;wdk hvJ touf
ajcmufeSpfawmif juD;vmjujyD}
98
rpEm
99
*sDa[mol
100
rpEm
***
101
*sDa[mol
(26)
cifcsdKa&rmeqkdwm 1m,fae&mu uyfjyD; ygvmcJhwmvJymif? cifcsdKajymovdk ndKaxG; rmejuD; vGef;ovm;?
udk,fhudkudk,fawmh rodwmtrSefygyJ? t&SHK;ray;csifwJhpdwfymm rmeqdk&ifawmh ndKaxG; rmejuD;cJhw,fvdk h
ajym&rSmaygh/
rxifwmawGymm jzpfvmwwfw,faemf? ndKaxG;udk tcktdrfu edkifiHjcm;jyefwpfa,mufeJ h aphpyfcsif
aew,f? t&ifuwnf;u armifeSrvdk cifvmcJhjuwJholygyJ? ararwdk huawmh ajymygw,f? orD;oa1mm
rwl&if twif;rvkyfyg1ml;wJh? orD;rSm cspfol&Sd&ifvJ ajymygwJh? cifcsdK&,f ndKaxG;1mmvkyf&rvJ? wpfcg
wpfav wpfa&;edk;&if ndKaxG; rsuf&nfawG usaew,f/ cifcsdK hudkawmh ndKaxG; r&Sufyg1ml;? olrsm;
tonf;cJGcJhwJhae&mrSm ndKaxG;&J h tonf;udk &if;cJhwm ndKaxG; tckrS em;vnfw,f? cifcsdKajymovdk
r0gvJ &SHK;? udk&ifarmifvJ &SHK;? ndKaxG;vJ &SHK;wJh &SHK;yGJjuD;ygyJ cifcsdK&,f/
aymh...cifcsdK
a0a0awmh a*smufaygufwdk;aejyD/ udk&ifarmifqdkwJh iwduvJ pmar;yGJatmif&if a&Smifaewm
rymkwf1ml;/ tdrfjyefvmawmh 'DrSm a,murjuD;awGu crnf;cruf awmzdk h pdkif;jyif;aejuav&J h/ om;wdk h
orD;wdk hrSm cspfol&nf;pm;r&Sdju&if rd1mpDpOfwm jiif;zkd hroifhyg1ml;wJh? tvum; iwHk; udk&ifarmif?
ndKaxG;udkvJ pGHatmif rydk;edkif1ml;? a0a0uvJ csmvdkufwm? ajcmufeSpfvHk;vHk; ausmif;aejyD; &nf;pm;xm;zkd h
arhvmcJhw,f? &nf;pm;r&Sdwdkif; olwdk h ay;pm;wm ,l&rSmvm; cifcsdK&m? vljuD;awGu w&m;jyvdk hvJ
r&1ml;? ynmay;vdk h vJ r&1ml;/ ckcsdefawmh 'o*D&dvmcdk;vJ a0a0awmh vdkufajy;rSmyJ? tymkwf
pdwfnpfwm/
cifcsdKcspfjcif; arwmqdkwm vkyf,lvdk hr&1ml;qdkwm vljuD;awGu em;rvnfju1ml;Asm? ]twwfoifap?
ay;a0eSD;&if;? xdrf;jrm;jcif;vSsif? 0wfig;tif} qdkwJh rd1m0wfawGGudk &GwfjyD; wGifwGifjuD; em;csjuwmyJAsm/
a0a0hcrsmvJ &SHK hrJhaewmyJAsm? ndKaxG;udk &atmif rydk;cJh&aumif;vm;vdk h ae hpOfeJ htrSs &efaxmifaewmyJ/
ndKaxG;udkyJ owd&aew,fAsm? oluawmh aysmfaerSmayghaemf? uGsefawmfeJ ha0;&m a&mufjyD; rawG h rjrif&
awmh1ml; qdkawmh pdwfcsrf;omr,f xifyg&J h/
ndKaxG;? a0a0eSifh udk&ifarmifqDrS pmoHk;apmifonf cifcsdKqDodk ha&S hqifhaemufqifh a&mufvmju
onf/ olwdk hpmrsm;udk zwf&if; cifcsdK hacgif;xJwGif qla0aeonf/ pmar;yGJatmifpm&if; xGufaomtcg
tm;vHk;avSsmavSsm&SL&SLyif atmifjrifjuonf/ tdrfjyefa&mufjyD; twdk;csZdrf,laeojzifh oli,fcsif;rsm;eSifh
tquftoG,f rvkyfrdcJhacs/ ausmif;pmoifcef;udka&m? ausmif;ywf0ef;usifudkyg acwarhxm;jyD; tdyf&m
wGifom arsmaerdonf/ pmoHk;apmifonf cifcsdK hudk jyemxJodk hqGJac:vdkufonf/ zwfvufp 0wKrsm;
udk a1m;csjyD; ai;idkifaerdonf/
102
rpEm
*sDa[mol
(27)
104
rpEm
105
*sDa[mol
106
rpEm
rpEm
107